Sodium removal device, sodium removal method and sodium removal system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of alkali metal extraction, in particular to a sodium removal device, a sodium removal method and a sodium removal system. The sodium removal device comprises a treatment container, a heating piece, a condensation collecting piece, a sodium collecting container and a vacuumizing piece. The processing container forms a processing space, and the sodium staining piece is placed in the processing space. The heating piece heats the sodium staining piece, so that sodium in the sodium staining piece is heated to form sodium steam. The condensation collecting part is arranged in the processing space and used for condensing the sodium steam to form liquid sodium and collecting the liquid sodium. And the sodium collecting container is arranged outside the treatment space, forms a containing space and is used for receiving the liquid sodium from the condensation collecting part. The vacuumizing part is arranged to be capable of vacuumizing the treatment space so as to distill sodium in a vacuum environment. By means of the sodium removal device, the removal effect of sodium in the sodium-stained part with the complex internal structure can be effectively improved, meanwhile, safety is considered, and the safety risk caused by violent reaction in the washing process is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of alkali extraction, and in particular to a sodium removal device, a sodium removal method, and a sodium removal system. BACKGROUND

[0002] The statements herein are merely provided to give general background information on the present application, and do not necessarily constitute the prior art.

[0003] A sodium-cooled fast reactor is a fast neutron nuclear reactor with liquid sodium as a coolant. The equipment serving inside the sodium-cooled fast reactor will inevitably be contaminated with metallic sodium. Since metallic sodium has strong chemical activity, when the equipment in the sodium-cooled fast reactor needs to be repaired or replaced, the metallic sodium adhered to the equipment must be removed before the equipment is disassembled or the replaced equipment is disposed as waste. Currently, there are still many problems in removing the sodium adhered to the equipment, which can easily affect the convenience and safety of the subsequent disassembly and disposal of the equipment. SUMMARY

[0004] A brief summary of the application is presented below in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the application. It should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the application. It is not intended to identify key or critical elements of the application or to delineate the scope of the application. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is discussed later.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a sodium removal device, comprising: a treatment container, a heating member, a condensation collection member, a sodium collection container, and a vacuumizing member. The treatment container is configured to form a treatment space, and a sodium-contaminated member to be treated is placed in the treatment space. The heating member is configured to heat the sodium-contaminated member in the treatment space, so that the sodium in the sodium-contaminated member is heated to form sodium vapor. The condensation collection member is disposed in the treatment space and is configured to condense the sodium vapor to form liquid sodium and collect the liquid sodium. The sodium collection container is disposed outside the treatment space and forms an accommodation space configured to receive the liquid sodium from the condensation collection member. The vacuumizing member is configured to vacuumize the treatment space to distill the sodium in a vacuum environment.

[0006] The sodium removal device provided by the embodiments of the present application is used to place the sodium-contaminated part to be treated in a treatment space formed by a treatment container, heat the sodium-contaminated part in the treatment space by using a heating component, use the high saturated vapor pressure and low boiling point characteristics of sodium to make the sodium in the sodium-contaminated part easily convert into sodium vapor due to heating, use a condensation and collection component arranged in the treatment space to condense the generated sodium vapor into liquid sodium and collect the liquid sodium, without the need to make the sodium vapor flow to the outside of the treatment space through a pipeline, which is conducive to improving the condensation and collection efficiency of the sodium vapor, and then transfer the collected liquid sodium to a sodium collection container, so as to quickly collect and transfer the separated sodium from the sodium-contaminated part, avoid the liquid sodium from remaining in the treatment space and contacting the sodium-contaminated part again, and affect the removal effect of the sodium in the sodium-contaminated part. Further, the treatment space is vacuumized by using a vacuumizing component, so as to use the easy evaporation characteristics of sodium in a vacuum environment, improve the conversion efficiency of sodium into sodium vapor, ensure that the residual sodium in the sodium-contaminated part is completely converted into sodium vapor, effectively improve the removal effect of the sodium in the sodium-contaminated part with a relatively complex internal structure, and at the same time, safety is taken into account and the safety risk caused by violent reaction in the water washing process is reduced.

[0007] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a sodium removal method, which is implemented by using the sodium removal device provided in the first aspect of the present application. The sodium removal method comprises the following steps: S1, placing a sodium-contaminated part to be treated in a treatment space; S2, continuously vacuumizing a sodium collection container, so as to continuously vacuumize the treatment space; S3, heating the sodium-contaminated part in the treatment space, so as to make the sodium in the sodium-contaminated part form sodium vapor due to heating, use a fan to provide cooling air to a condensation component to condense the sodium vapor, and make the formed liquid sodium flow to the sodium collection container through a liquid sodium collection component; S4, measuring the weight change amount of the sodium collection container, the temperature difference between the fan inlet and the fan outlet, and the air speed of the fan; S5, determining the heating power of the heating component according to the weight change amount of the sodium collection container, the temperature difference between the fan inlet and the fan outlet, and the air speed of the fan; and S6, making the heating component heat the sodium-contaminated part at the heating power.

[0008] The sodium removal method provided by the embodiments of the present application is used to remove sodium from a sodium-contaminated part by using the sodium removal device provided in the first aspect of the present application, effectively improve the removal effect of the sodium in the sodium-contaminated part with a relatively complex internal structure, at the same time, safety is taken into account and the safety risk caused by violent reaction in the water washing process is reduced, and the heating power of the heating component is determined according to the weight change amount of the sodium collection container, the temperature difference between the fan inlet and the fan outlet, and the air speed of the fan during the sodium removal process, which is conducive to accurately controlling the heating power of the heating component and effectively reducing the waste of heating energy.

[0009] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a sodium removal system, comprising: a water mist nozzle for dissolving sodium and the sodium removal device provided in the first aspect of the present application; wherein the sodium removal device is used for distilling and collecting sodium in a sodium-contaminated part to be treated; and the water mist nozzle is arranged to spray water mist to the sodium-contaminated part after distillation, so as to remove residual sodium in the sodium-contaminated part after distillation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0010] Other objects and advantages of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description of the embodiments of the present application, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0011] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a sodium removal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a water mist nozzle for dissolving sodium according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] Figure 3 is Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the A area in FIG. 8.

[0014] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] 100, sodium-contaminated part; 110, treatment container; 111, treatment space; 120, heating part; 130, condensation and collection part; 131, condensation part; 132, liquid sodium collection part; 133, liquid outlet; 140, sodium collection container; 141, containing space; 150, vacuumizing part; 160, discharge pipeline; 170, vacuumizing pipeline;

[0016] 910, air inlet section; 911, air inlet channel; 920, acceleration section; 921, acceleration channel; 922, tapering section; 9221, tapering channel; 923, connecting section; 9231, connecting channel; 924, transition section; 9241, transition channel; 930, water suction pipe; 940, mixing section; 941, mixing channel; 942, water inlet channel; 943, water inlet joint; 944, tapering opening; 945, water inlet; 950, diffusion ejection section; 951, diffusion ejection channel; 952, diffusion section; 9521, diffusion channel; 953, ejection section; 9531, ejection channel.

[0017] It should be noted that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but are merely shown in a schematic manner so as not to affect the understanding of the reader. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described herein below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description, specific terminology and descriptions are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application can be practiced without using the specific details set forth herein. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, and networks have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure aspects of the present application.

[0019] It should also be noted that, in the drawings, the structures of the devices and / or the processing steps that are closely related to the solutions according to the present application are shown, and other details that are not closely related to the present application are omitted, in order to avoid obscuring the present application with unnecessary details.

[0020] For the treatment of residual metallic sodium in the sodium-stuck device, in the related art, a water washing method is usually used, i.e., the sodium-stuck device is sufficiently flushed with water at a predetermined temperature and at a predetermined flow rate.

[0021] The inventors of the present application have found that, due to the extremely high surface tension of metallic sodium, it is difficult to completely remove the metallic sodium remaining in the internal structure of some sodium-stuck devices with complex internal structures, such as the main pump, the valve, the cold trap wire mesh area, etc., using the conventional water washing method; and the metallic sodium reacts violently with water, and there is a certain safety risk in the water washing process, which also limits the removal effect of the residual metallic sodium in the sodium-stuck device, and thus is not conducive to the further disassembly and disposal of the device.

[0022] Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide a sodium removal device.

[0023] As shown in FIG. 1, a sodium removal device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 1 Figure 1 FIG. 1 shows a structural schematic diagram of a sodium removal device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] ​The sodium removal device provided by the embodiments of the present application comprises a processing container 110, a heating member 120, a condensation collection member 130, a sodium collection container 140, and a vacuumizing member 150. The processing container 110 is configured to form a processing space 111, and the sodium-contaminated member 100 to be processed is placed in the processing space 111. The heating member 120 is used to heat the sodium-contaminated member 100 in the processing space 111, so that the sodium in the sodium-contaminated member 100 is heated to form sodium vapor. The condensation collection member 130 is arranged in the processing space 111 and used to condense the sodium vapor to form liquid sodium and collect the liquid sodium. The sodium collection container 140 is arranged outside the processing space 111 and forms a containing space 141 for receiving the liquid sodium from the condensation collection member 130. The vacuumizing member 150 is configured to vacuumize the processing space 111 to distill the sodium in a vacuum environment.

[0025] The sodium removal device provided by the embodiments of the present application comprises a processing container 110, a heating member 120, a condensation collection member 130, a sodium collection container 140, and a vacuumizing member 150. The processing container 110 is configured to form a processing space 111, and the sodium-contaminated member 100 to be processed is placed in the processing space 111. The heating member 120 is used to heat the sodium-contaminated member 100 in the processing space 111, so that the sodium in the sodium-contaminated member 100 is heated to form sodium vapor. The condensation collection member 130 is arranged in the processing space 111 and used to condense the sodium vapor to form liquid sodium and collect the liquid sodium. The sodium collection container 140 is arranged outside the processing space 111 and forms a containing space 141 for receiving the liquid sodium from the condensation collection member 130. The vacuumizing member 150 is configured to vacuumize the processing space 111 to distill the sodium in a vacuum environment.

[0026] In some embodiments, the processing container 110 can be a cylindrical structure made of stainless steel.

[0027] In some embodiments, the sodium-contaminated member 100 is placed at the bottom of the processing space 111, and the heating member 120 can be arranged outside the processing container 110 to heat the bottom of the processing container 110, so as to heat the sodium-contaminated member 100 in the processing space 111 and make the sodium in the sodium-contaminated member 100 heated to form sodium vapor.

[0028] As Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the condensing and collecting assembly 130 can include a condensing assembly 131 and a liquid sodium collecting assembly 132. The condensing assembly 131 is arranged in the processing space 111 and used for condensing sodium vapor to form liquid sodium. The liquid sodium collecting assembly 132 is arranged in the processing space 111 and used for collecting liquid sodium.

[0029] In the present embodiment, the sodium vapor is condensed by the condensing assembly 131 to form liquid sodium, and the liquid sodium formed after condensation is collected by the liquid sodium collecting assembly 132, so that the sodium vapor does not need to be transmitted to the outside of the processing container 110 for cooling and collection, which is conducive to improving the efficiency of condensing and collecting.

[0030] In some embodiments, an air flow channel is formed inside the condensing assembly 131, which is used for flowing cooling air to provide cold energy for the condensing assembly 131, so that the sodium vapor exchanges heat with the cooling air to be liquefied to form liquid sodium.

[0031] In some embodiments, the upper and lower surfaces of the condensing assembly 131 are gradually inclined downward in the direction approaching the peripheral wall of the processing container 110, so that the liquid sodium flows downward along the upper or lower surface of the condensing assembly 131 under the action of gravity and drips to the liquid sodium collecting assembly 132 at the lower end of the condensing assembly 131. The liquid sodium condensed on the upper surface of the condensing assembly 131 can flow downward to the lower end of the condensing assembly 131 under the action of gravity and drip into the liquid sodium collecting assembly 132 for collection. The liquid sodium condensed on the lower surface of the condensing assembly 131 can adhere to the lower surface of the condensing assembly 131 by surface tension and flow downward along the lower surface of the condensing assembly 131 under the action of gravity, without the need for additional structures, so that the condensation of sodium vapor and the collection of liquid sodium can be realized at the same time, and the liquid sodium can be prevented from vertically dripping at other positions of the condensing assembly 131, thereby improving the collection effect of liquid sodium.

[0032] In some embodiments, the upper and lower surfaces of the condensing assembly 131 are conical surfaces, which are more conducive to the liquid sodium adhering to the lower surface of the condensing assembly 131 by surface tension and flowing downward along the lower surface of the condensing assembly 131 under the action of gravity.

[0033] The diameter of the condensing assembly 131 can be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the processing container 110.

[0034] In some embodiments, the liquid sodium collecting assembly 132 can be an annular groove with an open top, so as to receive the liquid sodium dripping from the lower end of the condensing assembly 131 and achieve sufficient collection of the liquid sodium.

[0035] In some embodiments, the condensing assembly 131 is fixed to the top wall of the processing container 110.

[0036] The top of the processing container 110 can be sealed by a flange.

[0037] The annular groove can be fixed to the peripheral wall of the processing container 110, arranged below the condensing member 131, extending along the circumferential direction of the processing container 110, and the inner diameter of the annular groove is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower end of the condensing member 131, so that the liquid sodium dripping from the lower end of the condensing member 131 can directly drip into the annular groove.

[0038] For example, the liquid sodium collecting member 132 can be welded and fixed to the inner wall of the processing container 110.

[0039] In some embodiments, the annular groove forms a liquid outlet 133, and the sodium removal device further comprises a discharge pipeline 160, and the liquid outlet 133 is in fluid communication with the sodium collecting container 140 through the discharge pipeline 160, so that the liquid sodium collected in the annular groove can be quickly transferred out of the processing space 111 by the discharge pipeline 160, avoiding the liquid sodium remaining in the processing space 111 and contacting the sodium-wetted member 100 again.

[0040] In some embodiments, the bottom wall of the annular groove gradually extends downward in a direction approaching the peripheral wall of the processing container 110, and the bottom end of the liquid outlet 133 is flush with the lowest part of the annular groove, so that the liquid sodium collected in the annular groove flows out of the liquid outlet 133 under the action of gravity and flows to the sodium collecting container 140 through the discharge pipeline 160, facilitating the quick transfer of the liquid sodium collected in the annular groove out of the processing space 111, avoiding the overflow of the liquid sodium due to excessive accumulation, and reducing the residue of the liquid sodium in the annular groove.

[0041] In some embodiments, an inclination angle of 2-5°, for example, 3°, is formed between the bottom wall of the annular groove and the horizontal plane, facilitating the flow of the liquid sodium in the annular groove towards the radial outside of the annular groove and towards the liquid outlet 133.

[0042] In some embodiments, the sodium removal device further comprises a vacuum pipeline 170, and the vacuum pipeline 170 is in fluid communication with the sodium collecting container 140, and the vacuum member 150 evacuates the processing space 111 through the vacuum pipeline 170, the sodium collecting container 140, and the discharge pipeline 160, so as to distill the sodium in a vacuum environment. Compared with directly evacuating the processing space 111 by the vacuum member 150, evacuating the processing space 111 by the vacuum member 150 through the vacuum pipeline 170, the sodium collecting container 140, and the discharge pipeline 160 facilitates the condensation of sodium vapor into liquid state in the discharge pipeline 160 or the sodium collecting container 140, and reduces the sodium vapor entering the vacuum pipeline 170.

[0043] In some embodiments, the annular groove can be formed by the liquid sodium collecting member 132 and the inner sidewall of the processing container 110, the liquid outlet 133 is formed on the inner sidewall of the processing container 110, and the discharge pipeline 160 is directly connected to the periphery of the liquid outlet 133. The position of the liquid outlet 133 is set such that the upper end thereof is higher than the annular groove, so that the gas circulation between the processing space 111 and the containing space 141 can be continuously achieved through the discharge pipeline 160, thereby achieving the vacuumization of the processing space 111 through the vacuumization pipeline 170, the sodium collecting container 140 and the discharge pipeline 160 by the vacuumization member 150.

[0044] In some embodiments, the sodium collecting container 140 is further provided with a heating system for heating the containing space 141 to keep it at a predetermined temperature rather than an ambient temperature, so that the sodium is in a liquid state and the sodium solidification is avoided to block the discharge pipeline 160, and the gas circulation between the containing space 141 and the processing space 111 is ensured, thereby facilitating the maintenance of the vacuum environment of the processing space 111.

[0045] In some embodiments, the sodium collecting container 140 can be a cylindrical structure made of stainless steel, the top of which is sealed by a flange, and the vacuumization pipeline 170 and the discharge pipeline 160 can be fixed to the flange.

[0046] In some embodiments, the sodium removing device can further include a fan for supplying cooling air to the air flow channel inside the condensing member 131, so as to continuously provide cooling capacity for the condensing member 131, thereby facilitating the continuous heat exchange between the sodium vapor and the cooling air and improving the liquefaction efficiency of the sodium vapor.

[0047] In some embodiments, the sodium removing device can further include a weight measuring member for measuring the weight of the sodium collecting container 140, a first temperature measuring member for measuring the temperature at the inlet of the fan, a second temperature measuring member for measuring the temperature at the outlet of the fan, and an air speed measuring member for measuring the air speed of the fan. The heating power of the heating member 120 is determined according to the weight variation of the sodium collecting container 140, the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the fan, and the air speed of the fan.

[0048] In the present embodiment, the weight of the sodium collecting container 140, the temperature and air speed data at the inlet and outlet of the fan are obtained during the sodium removing process, and the heating power of the heating member 120 is determined according to the weight variation of the sodium collecting container 140, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the fan, and the air speed of the fan. Since the condensing end condenses a certain amount of heat, theoretically, the heating member 120 needs to provide a certain amount of heat. Therefore, the heating power of the heating member 120 is determined by the condensing power, which facilitates the accurate regulation of the heating power of the heating member 120 and avoids the waste of heating energy.

[0049] The embodiments of this application also provide a sodium removal method, implemented using the sodium removal device provided in any embodiment of this application, the sodium removal method including steps S1 to S6.

[0050] S1. Place the sodium-contaminated part 100 to be processed in the processing space 111.

[0051] S2. Continuously evacuate the sodium collection container 140, thereby continuously evacuating the processing space 111.

[0052] S3. The sodium-contaminated part 100 in the processing space 111 is heated so that the sodium in the sodium-contaminated part 100 is heated to form sodium vapor. Cooling air is supplied to the condenser 131 by a fan to condense the sodium vapor. The formed liquid sodium flows to the sodium collection container 140 through the liquid sodium collection member 132.

[0053] S4. Measure the weight change of the sodium collection container 140, the temperature difference between the fan inlet and the fan outlet, and the fan speed.

[0054] S5. Determine the heating power of the heating element 120 based on the weight change of the sodium collection container 140, the temperature difference between the fan inlet and the fan outlet, and the fan speed.

[0055] S6. The heating element 120 heats the sodium-coated part 100 with heating power.

[0056] The sodium removal method provided in the embodiments of this application effectively improves the sodium removal effect in sodium-contaminated parts 100 with complex internal structures by using the sodium removal device provided in any embodiment of this application to remove sodium from the sodium-contaminated parts 100. At the same time, it takes into account safety and reduces the safety risks caused by violent reactions during the water washing process. Furthermore, by determining the heating power of the heating element 120 based on the weight change of the sodium collection container 140, the temperature difference between the fan inlet and the fan outlet, and the fan speed during the sodium removal process, it is beneficial to achieve precise control of the heating power of the heating element 120 and effectively reduce the waste of heating energy.

[0057] In some embodiments, before step S1, the method further includes: performing a sealing test on the sodium removal device, such as a vacuum test or a pressure test, to ensure the sealing performance of the sodium removal device and to ensure sodium distillation under a continuous vacuum environment.

[0058] In some embodiments, step S1, when placing the sodium-contaminated part 100 to be treated in the processing space 111, further includes: determining the location where sodium is contaminated on the sodium-contaminated part 100, and placing the determined location upwards. This ensures that the location where sodium is contaminated is exposed to the distillation environment as much as possible, thereby improving the sodium removal effect.

[0059] The process of removing sodium from sodium-contaminated parts 100 in this application is further explained below.

[0060] The assembled sodium removal device is subjected to a vacuumizing and pressure maintaining test for sealing test. The sodium-contaminated part 100 to be treated is placed in the treatment space 111, and the position of the sodium contamination on the sodium-contaminated part 100 is determined, and the determined position is placed upward. The sodium collection container 140 is continuously vacuumized, so that the treatment space 111 is continuously vacuumized to 10 -3 Pa or above. The heating of the treatment container 110 is set to 350-400℃, the sodium collection container 140 is heated to 200-250℃, and the sodium-contaminated part 100 in the treatment space 111 is heated, so that the sodium in the sodium-contaminated part 100 is heated to form sodium vapor. The fan provides cooling air to the condensing part 131 to reduce the temperature of the condensing part 131 to 150℃, so that the sodium vapor is condensed to form liquid sodium, which flows to the sodium collection container 140 through the liquid sodium collection part 132. The weight change of the sodium collection container 140, the temperature difference between the fan inlet and the fan outlet, and the air speed of the fan are measured. According to the weight change of the sodium collection container 140, the temperature difference between the fan inlet and the fan outlet, and the air speed of the fan, the heating power of the heating part 120 is determined. The heating part 120 heats the sodium-contaminated part 100 at the heating power.

[0061] The embodiment of the present application also provides a sodium removal system, which comprises a water mist nozzle for dissolving sodium and the sodium removal device provided by any one of the embodiments of the present application. The sodium removal device is used for distilling and collecting sodium in the sodium-contaminated part 100 to be treated, and the water mist nozzle is arranged to spray water mist to the sodium-contaminated part 100 after distillation to remove residual sodium in the sodium-contaminated part 100 after distillation.

[0062] The inventors of the present application find that the existing water mist nozzle has the problems of large volume of sprayed water and fast inert gas purging flow rate, and the solution is easy to splash.

[0063] As Figure 2 shown, Figure 2A structural diagram of a water mist nozzle for dissolving sodium according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. The water mist nozzle for dissolving sodium provided by embodiments of the present application includes an air inlet section 910, an acceleration section 920, a water suction pipe 930, a mixing section 940, and a diffusion ejection section 950. The air inlet section 910 forms an air inlet channel 911 for receiving inert gas; the acceleration section 920 forms an acceleration channel 921 for accelerating the inert gas from the air inlet section 910 and avoiding the inert gas forming turbulent flow; the water inlet of the water suction pipe 930 is arranged to be able to immerse below the liquid level of a water source; the mixing section 940 forms a mixing channel 941 in communication with the acceleration channel 921 and the water suction pipe 930, the inert gas from the acceleration section 920 forms negative pressure in the mixing channel 941 to enable the water suction pipe 930 to suck water into the mixing section 940 to form a water-gas mixture with the inert gas in the mixing channel 941; the diffusion ejection section 950 forms a diffusion ejection channel 951 arranged to enable the liquid droplets in the water-gas mixture to form smaller mist droplets in the process of diffusion and to be ejected outward.

[0064] The water mist nozzle for dissolving sodium provided by embodiments of the present application uses the inert gas input from the air inlet section 910 as power, accelerates the inert gas through the acceleration section 920 to make the inert gas accelerate in the form of laminar flow (rather than turbulent flow) to flow into the mixing section 940, to form negative pressure in the mixing channel 941 to enable the water suction pipe 930 to suck water into the mixing section 940 to form a water-gas mixture; since the water is sucked into the mixing channel 941 under the driving of the negative pressure formed by the inert gas, compared with forcing water into the mixing channel 941 by external pressurization, the water is lower in flow rate after being sucked into the mixing channel 941 in the present application, making it easier to be blown apart by the flowing inert gas to form smaller liquid droplets, thereby facilitating avoiding violent reaction caused by large liquid droplet water contacting sodium; the water-gas mixture flows into the diffusion ejection section 950 to make the liquid droplets in the water-gas mixture form smaller mist droplets via the diffusion ejection channel 951 and be ejected outward in the form of water mist to react with sodium, since the ejected water mist contains a large number of mist droplets and the volume of the mist droplets is extremely small, and the mist droplets carry inert gas, therefore, the mist droplets can mildly react with sodium to dissolve it, taking into account the safety and efficiency of the reaction, while avoiding the solution generated by violent reaction from splashing.

[0065] In some embodiments, the water inlet of the water suction pipe 930 can immerse below the liquid level of a water source, where the water source can be an open water container or a water pool, and the environment above the liquid level is a normal pressure environment, to utilize the pressure difference between the mixing channel 941 and the environment above the liquid level to suck water into the water suction pipe 930, so that the water is lower in flow rate after being sucked into the mixing channel 941, making it easier to be blown apart by the flowing inert gas to form smaller liquid droplets, thereby facilitating avoiding violent reaction caused by large liquid droplet water contacting sodium.

[0066] The water suction pipe 930 can be made of PE material.

[0067] In some embodiments, the radius of the mixing channel 941 is smaller than the radius of the intake channel 911, smaller than or equal to the minimum radius of the acceleration channel 921, and smaller than or equal to the minimum radius of the diffusion ejection channel 951. This is equivalent to forming a throat at the mixing channel 941 to mix with water at the position of maximum negative pressure, thereby improving the atomization effect of water vapor.

[0068] In some embodiments, the intake section 910, acceleration section 920, mixing section 940, and diffusion ejection section 950 can be integrally molded parts. These integrally molded parts can be obtained by machining a cylindrical blank, thereby allowing for smoother connections between the channels and reducing the adverse effects of weld seams on fluid flow.

[0069] In some embodiments, the intake section 910 is directly connected to the acceleration section 920, the acceleration section 920 is directly connected to the mixing section 940, and the mixing section 940 is directly connected to the diffusion ejection section 950. Direct connection means that no other pipe section is provided between the two pipe sections.

[0070] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 for Figure 2 In the enlarged view of region A, in some embodiments, the acceleration section 920 may include a tapering section 922 and a connecting section 923. The tapering section 922 forms a tapering channel 9221, the diameter of which gradually decreases from the intake channel 911 toward the mixing channel 941; the connecting section 923 forms a connecting channel 9231, which connects the tapering channel 9221 and the intake channel 911, and is configured such that the inert gas from the intake channel 911 can form a laminar flow when flowing into the mixing channel 941.

[0071] In this embodiment, the acceleration section 920 is divided into a tapering section 922 and a connecting section 923, forming a tapering channel 9221 and a connecting channel 9231 respectively. The tapering channel 9221 is configured such that its diameter gradually decreases from the intake channel 911 toward the mixing channel 941. The connecting channel 9231 is used to connect the tapering channel 9221 and the intake channel 911, so that the inert gas in the intake channel 911 flows into the mixing channel 941 at an accelerated rate, and a negative pressure is formed in the mixing channel 941 to draw in water. Furthermore, by configuring the connecting channel 9231 so that the inert gas from the intake channel 911 can form a laminar flow when it flows into the mixing channel 941, the inert gas can flow into the mixing channel 941 evenly, thereby improving the mixing effect of the inert gas and water.

[0072] In some embodiments, the peripheral wall of the connecting channel 9231 is formed with an arc surface; the peripheral wall of the tapering channel 9221 is formed with a conical surface. In this embodiment, the peripheral wall of the connecting channel 9231 is formed with an arc surface so that the inert gas from the intake channel 911 can form a laminar flow when it flows to the mixing channel 941; and the peripheral wall of the tapering channel 9221 is formed with a conical surface to form a flow channel with a gradually decreasing diameter along the direction of inert gas flow, so that the flow velocity of the inert gas continuously increases as it flows from the intake channel 911 to the mixing channel 941, thereby facilitating the formation of a negative pressure in the mixing channel 941 to draw in water.

[0073] In some embodiments, the radius corresponding to the arc surface can be determined based on the radius of the intake channel 911. By establishing the relationship between the radius corresponding to the arc surface and the radius of the intake channel 911, the radius corresponding to the arc surface formed by the peripheral wall of the connecting channel 9231 can be determined, ensuring that the inert gas from the intake channel 911 can flow to the mixing channel 941 in a laminar flow form after passing through the connecting channel 9231.

[0074] In some embodiments, the radius corresponding to the arc surface can be determined by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation. Specifically, a model is constructed using the radius of the intake channel 911, the fluid viscosity and fluid velocity input to the intake channel 911 as inputs, and the radius corresponding to the arc surface as the output. The flow field state corresponding to the model is obtained, and the radius corresponding to the arc surface through which the fluid flowing through the arc surface can form laminar flow is determined based on the flow field state.

[0075] For example, when the radius of the air intake channel 911 is 2.5 mm, the inert gas input into the air intake channel 911 is argon, and the flow rate of the argon is 5 m / s, the radius of the arc surface formed by the peripheral wall of the connecting channel 9231 can be set to 2 mm.

[0076] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the acceleration section 920 may further include: a transition section 924, forming a transition channel 9241, which is used to connect the tapering channel 9221 and the mixing channel 941 to reduce fluid resistance, so that the inert gas from the intake channel 911 increases significantly in velocity when passing through the transition channel 9241, which is conducive to forming a negative pressure in the mixing channel 941 to draw in water.

[0077] The connecting channel 9231, the tapering channel 9221, and the transition channel 9241 together form the acceleration channel 921, which accelerates the inert gas from the intake channel 911, causing the inert gas to form a laminar flow and flow to the mixing channel 941, where a negative pressure is formed.

[0078] In some embodiments, the peripheral wall of the transition channel 9241 is formed with an arc surface. Since fluids have the characteristic of adhering to walls, if the peripheral wall of the transition channel 9241 is formed with a conical surface, the fluid velocity gradually decreases as the distance from the wall decreases, and the fluid remains stationary relative to the wall at the point of contact, resulting in high fluid resistance. Therefore, in this embodiment, the peripheral wall of the transition channel 9241 is formed with an arc surface to reduce fluid resistance, which facilitates the accelerated passage of inert gas from the intake channel 911 through the transition channel 9241 along the arc surface.

[0079] In some embodiments, the radius of the arc surface formed by the peripheral wall of the transition channel 9241 can be determined by CFD numerical simulation. For example, the radius of the arc surface formed by the peripheral wall of the transition channel 9241 can be set to 0.5 mm.

[0080] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the mixing channel 941 forms an inlet 945, and the mixing section 940 also forms an inlet channel 942 communicating with the inlet 945 of the mixing channel 941 and an inlet connector 943 communicating with the inlet channel 942. The suction pipe 930 is connected to the inlet connector 943.

[0081] In this embodiment, a water inlet channel 942 and a water inlet connector 943 connected to the mixing channel 941 are provided in the mixing section 940, and a water suction pipe 930 is connected to the water inlet connector 943. Under the negative pressure formed in the mixing channel 941, water is drawn into the mixing channel 941 through the water inlet connector 943 and the water inlet channel 942 by the water suction pipe 930, thereby mixing with inert gas in the mixing channel 941 to form a water-air mixture.

[0082] In some embodiments, the water inlet channel 942 and the mixing channel 941 are perpendicular to each other, so that under the negative pressure formed by the mixing channel 941, water can be quickly drawn into the mixing channel 941 and mixed with inert gas, thereby improving the water inlet efficiency.

[0083] In some embodiments, the radius of the mixing channel 941 can be determined based on the gas flow rate in the intake channel 911 and the radius of the intake channel 911, so that the gas and water mix best at the mixing channel 941.

[0084] Further, the radius of the mixing channel 941 can be determined according to the flow rate of the gas in the gas inlet channel 911, the radius of the gas inlet channel 911, and the atomization amount of water per unit time. Specifically, the flow rate of the gas in the gas inlet channel 911 can be determined according to the flow rate of the gas in the gas inlet channel 911 and the radius of the gas inlet channel 911, and since the flow rate of the gas in the gas inlet channel 911 is equal to the flow rate of the gas at the mixing channel 941, the flow rate of the gas at the mixing channel 941 can be determined. The radius of the water inlet 945 (i.e., the water outlet of the water inlet channel 942) of the mixing channel 941 can be determined according to the atomization amount of water per unit time, and then the optimal flow rate of the gas corresponding to the best mixing effect of the gas and water in the mixing channel 941 can be determined according to the radius of the water inlet 945, and then the radius of the mixing channel 941 can be determined according to the flow rate of the gas in the mixing channel 941 and the optimal flow rate of the gas at the mixing channel 941.

[0085] In some embodiments, the connection between the water inlet channel 942 and the water inlet 945 of the mixing channel 941 forms a tapered opening 944, and the inner diameter of the tapered opening 944 gradually decreases towards the water inlet 945 of the mixing channel 941, so that the water flow enters the mixing channel 941 to mix with the gas in a manner converging towards the middle, improving the mixing effect, and also accelerating the water flow.

[0086] It is easy to understand that the water inlet 945 of the mixing channel 941 described above is the position where the tapered opening 944 communicates with the mixing channel 941.

[0087] In some embodiments, the radius of the gas inlet channel 911 is 2.5 mm, the flow rate of the argon gas in the gas inlet channel 911 is 5 m / s, the radius of the water inlet 945 of the mixing channel 941 is 0.1 mm, and the inner diameter of the mixing channel 941 is 0.2 mm. The inner diameter of the water inlet channel 942 can be 0.2 mm.

[0088] In some embodiments, the water inlet 945 is arranged at the position of the mixing channel 941 connected to the acceleration channel 921, the length of the mixing channel 941 is greater than the diameter of the water inlet 945 and less than or equal to twice the diameter of the water inlet 945. Such arrangement is conducive to improving the mixing effect of the water vapor and the gas and ensuring the atomization effect. If the length of the mixing channel 941 is less than the diameter of the water inlet 945, the gas flow will enter the diffusion section before flowing through the water inlet 945, resulting in a decrease in the flow rate of the gas flow when flowing through the water inlet 945 and failing to achieve atomization. If the length of the mixing channel 941 is greater than twice the diameter of the water inlet 945, the gas and small droplets will move at a high flow rate in a long channel, which is easy to cause the water vapor and the gas to separate.

[0089] As Figure 2 Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the diffusion and ejection section 950 can include a diffusion section 952 and an ejection section 953. The diffusion section 952 forms a diffusion channel 9521 that communicates with the mixing channel 941, and water droplets in the water-gas mixture in the mixing channel 941 form smaller mist droplets in the diffusion channel 9521; the ejection section 953 forms an ejection channel 9531 that communicates with the diffusion channel 9521 to enable the water mist in the diffusion channel 9521 to be ejected.

[0090] In the present embodiment, by dividing the diffusion and ejection section 950 into the diffusion section 952 and the ejection section 953, forming the diffusion channel 9521 and the ejection channel 9531 respectively, and setting the diffusion channel 9521 to enable water droplets in the water-gas mixture in the mixing channel 941 to form smaller mist droplets, and the ejection channel 9531 to enable the water mist in the diffusion channel 9521 to be ejected, the water droplets carrying inert gas are ejected in the form of water mist, a large number of inert gas-carrying mist droplets react with sodium, and the generated hydrogen gas and part of the heat are carried away from the surface of sodium by the inert gas, so that the safety and efficiency of sodium dissolution are considered, and the generated solution is prevented from splashing due to violent reaction.

[0091] In some embodiments, the diameter of the diffusion channel 9521 gradually increases from the mixing channel 941 to the ejection channel 9531, so that the flow rate of the water-gas mixture decreases and the gas diffuses, thereby enabling the water droplets in the water-gas mixture to be torn into smaller mist droplets during the diffusion of the gas.

[0092] In some embodiments, the peripheral wall of the diffusion channel 9521 forms a tapered surface to form a flow passage with gradually increasing diameter along the flow direction of the water-gas mixture, so that the flow rate of the water-gas mixture gradually decreases during the flow from the mixing channel 941 to the ejection channel 9531, thereby facilitating the water droplets in the water-gas mixture to be torn into smaller mist droplets.

[0093] In some embodiments, the taper angle of the diffusion channel 9521 is not greater than 30°. The present inventors have found that diffusion and ejection facilitate further atomization of water droplets. If the taper angle of the diffusion channel 9521 exceeds 30°, the ejected gas will not adhere to the surface of the diffusion channel 9521 and flow through it due to the influence of viscosity, so that the diffusion and ejection effect will not be achieved, and the atomization effect will be affected.

[0094] In some embodiments, the taper angle corresponding to the tapered surface of the tapered channel 9221 can be set to 90°. The length of the tapered channel 9221 is too long to affect the ejection effect of the water mist. By setting the taper angle corresponding to the tapered surface of the tapered channel 9221 to 90°, the length of the tapered channel 9221 can be reduced, and the fluid can be ensured to be in a laminar flow state.

[0095] In some embodiments, the taper angle of the taper surface of the tapered channel 9221 is determined according to the radius of the circular arc surface of the connecting channel 9231, the radius of the mixing channel 941 and the radius of the circular arc surface of the transition channel 9241. By setting the angle of the connecting channel 9231 and the transition channel 9241, it is beneficial to ensure that no turbulence is generated. When the radius of the mixing channel 941 is determined, the taper angle of the tapered channel 9221 can be determined according to the geometric logic.

[0096] When dissolving sodium by using the water mist nozzle provided in the present application, the inlet section 910 is communicated with the inert gas supply pipeline, and the outlet section 953 can be kept at a distance of about 5 cm from the sodium to be dissolved, so that the water mist spraying direction is perpendicular to the surface of the metal sodium to be dissolved, and the water mist falls vertically to the surface of the sodium after being sprayed, and reacts with the sodium.

[0097] In a conventional laboratory environment, when the argon input pressure is set to 0.15 MPa, the water mist nozzle provided in the embodiments of the present application can completely dissolve 0.5 g of metal sodium within 8-10 min, without solution splashing and causing the metal sodium to burn during the dissolving process.

[0098] For the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments without conflict.

[0099] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A sodium removal device, characterized by, The sodium removing device comprises: a processing container configured to form a processing space in which a sodium-contaminated part to be processed is placed; a heating element configured to heat the sodium-contaminated part in the processing space so that sodium in the sodium-contaminated part is heated to form sodium vapor; a condensing and collecting element configured to condense the sodium vapor to form liquid sodium and collect the liquid sodium in the processing space; a sodium collecting container configured to form a receiving space outside the processing space for receiving the liquid sodium from the condensing and collecting element; a vacuumizing element configured to vacuumize the processing space to distill sodium in a vacuum environment.

2. The sodium removal device of claim 1, wherein, The condensing and collecting element comprises: a condensing element configured to condense the sodium vapor to form liquid sodium in the processing space; and a liquid sodium collecting element configured to collect the liquid sodium in the processing space.

3. The sodium removal device of claim 2, wherein, The condensing element is internally formed with an air flow channel for cooling air to flow through.

4. The sodium removal device of claim 2, wherein, The upper and lower surfaces of the condensing element are both gradually inclined downwardly towards the peripheral wall of the processing container, so that the liquid sodium flows downwardly along the upper or lower surface of the condensing element under the action of gravity and drips to the liquid sodium collecting element at the lower end of the condensing element.

5. The sodium removal device of claim 2, wherein, The liquid sodium collecting element is an open-top annular groove.

6. The sodium removal device of claim 5, wherein, The annular groove is formed with a liquid outlet, and the sodium removing device further comprises a discharge pipeline, and the liquid outlet is in fluid communication with the sodium collecting container through the discharge pipeline.

7. The sodium removal device of claim 6, wherein, The bottom wall of the annular groove is gradually inclined downwardly towards the peripheral wall of the processing container, and the bottom end of the liquid outlet is flush with the lowest part of the annular groove.

8. The sodium removal device of claim 6, wherein, The sodium removing device further comprises a vacuumizing pipeline in fluid communication with the sodium collecting container. The vacuumizing element vacuumizes the processing space through the vacuumizing pipeline, the sodium collecting container and the discharge pipeline.

9. The sodium removal device of claim 3, wherein, The sodium removing device further comprises: a fan configured to supply cooling air to the air flow channel.

10. The sodium removal device of claim 9, wherein, The sodium removing device further comprises: a weight measuring element configured to measure the weight of the sodium collecting container, a first temperature measuring element configured to measure the temperature at the inlet of the fan, a second temperature measuring element configured to measure the temperature at the outlet of the fan, and a wind speed measuring element configured to measure the wind speed of the fan. The heating power of the heating element is determined according to the weight variation of the sodium collecting container, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the fan, and the wind speed of the fan.

11. A method for sodium removal, implemented by using the sodium removal device according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The sodium removing method comprises: S1, placing a sodium-contaminated part to be processed in the processing space; S2, continuously vacuumizing the processing space by continuously vacuumizing the sodium collecting container; S3, heating the sodium-contaminated part in the processing space so that sodium in the sodium-contaminated part is heated to form sodium vapor, and the fan is used to supply cooling air to the condensing element to condense the sodium vapor, and the formed liquid sodium flows to the sodium collecting container through the liquid sodium collecting element; S4, measuring the weight variation of the sodium collecting container, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the fan, and the wind speed of the fan; S5, determining the heating power of the heating element according to the weight variation of the sodium collecting container, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the fan, and the wind speed of the fan; S6, heating the sodium-contaminated part by the heating element at the heating power.

12. A sodium removal system characterized by, The sodium removing device comprises: The water mist nozzle for dissolving sodium and the sodium removing device according to any one of claims 1-10; The sodium removing device is used for distilling sodium in the sodium-contaminated part to be treated and collecting the distilled sodium. The water mist nozzle is arranged to spray water mist to the sodium-contaminated part after distillation to remove the residual sodium in the sodium-contaminated part after distillation.

13. The sodium removal system of claim 12, wherein, The water mist nozzle comprises: An air inlet section forming an air inlet channel for receiving inert gas; An acceleration section forming an acceleration channel for accelerating the inert gas from the air inlet section and avoiding the inert gas from forming turbulent flow; A water suction pipe, the water inlet of the water suction pipe is arranged to be able to be immersed below the liquid level of the water source; A mixing section forming a mixing channel in communication with the acceleration channel and the water suction pipe, the inert gas from the acceleration section forms negative pressure in the mixing channel to enable the water suction pipe to suck water into the mixing section, so as to form water-gas mixture with the inert gas in the mixing channel; A diffusion spray section forming a diffusion spray channel, the diffusion spray channel is arranged to enable the liquid droplets in the water-gas mixture to form smaller mist droplets in the process of diffusion and spray outwardly.

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