Gas-phase coating equipment for silicon-carbon negative electrode material
By introducing an integrated cooling structure, a dual-channel leakage sensor, and a multi-parameter monitoring network into the vapor-phase coating equipment for silicon-carbon anode materials, the problems of equipment safety and uneven material reaction were solved, achieving inherent safety and efficient production of the equipment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511077854.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-01
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing vapor phase coating equipment for silicon-carbon anode materials has prominent safety risks, uneven material reaction, and poor system stability in a highly sealed dynamic production environment, resulting in high production safety hazards, high energy consumption, and low product yield.
The equipment employs a sealed rotary joint with an integrated cooling structure, a dual-channel leakage sensor, an adjustable tilt lifting device, a multi-parameter monitoring network, and an inert gas injection system to form a three-level protection system, ensuring equipment safety. It also optimizes the uniformity of material reaction by dynamically adjusting the angle of the lifting plate and the vibration device.
It achieves inherent safety in the vapor-phase coating equipment for silicon-carbon anode materials, improves material reaction uniformity by 50%, enhances system stability, reduces energy consumption, increases production efficiency, and significantly reduces safety hazards.
Smart Images
Figure CN120989583A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the field of silicon-carbon negative electrode materials, and particularly relates to a silicon-carbon negative electrode material gas-phase coating device. BACKGROUND
[0002] As a core material for breaking through the energy density bottleneck of lithium-ion batteries, the industrialized preparation of silicon-carbon negative electrode materials highly depends on the gas-phase coating process. However, the existing equipment has systematic defects in realizing the core technology of safety and reaction uniformity coordination control in a high-sealing dynamic production environment, which seriously restricts the industrialization process. When the traditional chemical vapor deposition equipment adopts a rotary kiln body structure, because the production of silicon-carbon negative electrodes needs to continuously introduce flammable and explosive gases such as silane and acetylene, the sealing material of the rotary joint is prone to thermal aging failure under high-temperature working conditions, and the risk of gas leakage is extremely high. However, the existing equipment lacks real-time leakage monitoring and automatic blocking mechanisms, and once leakage occurs, it is easy to cause an explosion accident. At the same time, the inherent defects of the material conveying link further amplify the safety hazards: the fixed furnace body has an inclination angle of only 1°-3°, and the low discharge efficiency causes a large amount of residual material to be retained in the furnace, not only causing cross-contamination between batches, but also forming a local overheating area in the subsequent high-temperature cycle, accelerating the deterioration of the sealing structure. During production, silicon-carbon powder continuously deposits on the inner wall of the furnace tube to form a clinker layer. This heat insulation layer significantly reduces the heat conduction efficiency, forcing the equipment to increase the heating temperature to maintain the reaction, further increasing the thermal load on the sealing structure, and forming a vicious cycle of "deposition-overheating-sealing failure". More seriously, the safety protection system of the traditional equipment has a fundamental lack, neither an integrated explosion venting device to deal with sudden pressure surges, nor a multi-parameter interlocking control system. When the furnace pressure is abnormal, the concentration of flammable gas exceeds the standard, or the temperature is out of control, it cannot automatically cut off the gas source and inject inert gas to suppress the explosion. Only relying on manual intervention mode cannot meet the requirements of millisecond-level safety response. In terms of reaction efficiency, the fixed inclination angle of the lifting plate cannot adapt to the difference in particle size distribution of silicon-carbon powder and the fluctuation of process gas flow rate, and the material throwing trajectory and gas flow field cannot be dynamically matched. A large amount of powder is not fully contacted with active gas and then settles, forcing the reaction time to be extended to make up for the lack of coating rate, and inefficient production in turn increases the cumulative damage to the high-temperature sealing structure. The design defects of the drive system directly threaten the safety of the equipment body: the drive motor is arranged on one side, which produces asymmetric torque during frequent forward and reverse switching, and large-size furnace tubes have displacement and even overturning risks. The above problems are coupled with each other, ultimately leading to low product yield, high safety risks, and high energy consumption, which has become a fatal bottleneck for the large-scale application of silicon-carbon negative electrode materials.
[0003] In summary, the gas-phase coating equipment in the prior art has core technical problems of outstanding safety risks, uneven material reaction, and poor system stability in a high-sealing dynamic production environment. SUMMARY
[0004] The embodiment of the application provides a silicon-carbon negative electrode material gas phase coating equipment, and solves the technical problems of the existing technical scheme, i.e., the safety risk is prominent, the material reaction is uneven, and the system stability is poor in the high-sealing dynamic production environment of the gas phase coating equipment.
[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the application is as follows.
[0006] The silicon-carbon negative electrode material gas phase coating equipment comprises a base, a lifting device, a front-end sealing rotary joint, a maintenance and explosion venting device, a driving device, a furnace tube assembly, a front-end vibration device, a cooling system, a temperature detection device, a heating system, a rear-end vibration device and a rear-end sealing rotary joint.
[0007] Further technical solutions are as follows: the front-end sealing rotary joint and the rear-end sealing rotary joint adopt water-cooling or air-cooling cooling structures.
[0008] Further technical solutions are as follows: the inclination angle of the material lifting plate is dynamically set according to the particle size distribution of the material and the gas flow rate.
[0009] Further technical solutions are as follows: the lifting device can adjust the included angle between the furnace tube assembly and the horizontal plane.
[0010] Further technical solutions are as follows: when the early warning control system is triggered, the process gas supply is automatically cut off and inert gas is injected.
[0011] The one or more technical solutions provided in the embodiment of the application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1、Due to the adoption of the machine base, lifting device, front end sealing rotary joint, maintenance and explosion relief device, driving device, furnace tube assembly, front end vibration device, cooling system, temperature detection device, heating system, rear end vibration device and rear end sealing rotary joint, the front end sealing rotary joint and the rear end sealing rotary joint are integrated with a cooling structure, the heat of the sealing element is continuously led out through water cooling or air cooling medium, and the sealing failure path caused by high temperature thermal aging is completely blocked; the double-channel leakage sensor monitors the sealing interface state in real time, the gas supply system is interlocked, the leakage signal is responded in milliseconds, and the gas source is automatically cut off, the inert gas injection mechanism is triggered synchronously, and the explosion condition is eliminated from the source. The maintenance and explosion relief device adopts a composite structure of a bursting disc and a spring reset, can accurately release high-pressure gas when the furnace pressure is abnormal and automatically reset, forms a three-level protection system of "prevention - blocking - release", and realizes the intrinsic safety of the silicon-carbon negative electrode gas phase coating equipment for the first time. The innovative design of the adjustable inclination lifting device breaks through the limitation of the traditional fixed inclination, adopts a 5°-8° inclination in the feeding stage to ensure the stable distribution of the material, switches to a large inclination mode in the discharging stage, cooperates with the reverse driving of the furnace tube and the spiral blade structure at the tail, and realizes the complete discharge of more than 99% of the material within 10 minutes, thereby eliminating batch cross contamination. The inclination of the lifting plate in the furnace tube assembly is dynamically optimized based on the powder rest angle, particle size distribution and gas flow rate, so that the powder throwing trajectory is always in the high concentration area of the process gas, and the gas-solid contact efficiency is improved by more than 50%. The front end vibration device and the rear end vibration device continuously excite the furnace body at a specific resonance frequency, break the adhesion energy barrier of the powder on the furnace wall, and completely solve the "thermal barrier" effect caused by deposition and caking, so that the furnace temperature uniformity is controlled within ±3℃. The driving device transmits torque through the idler device directly below, the bidirectional force always passes through the geometric center of the furnace tube assembly when the positive and negative rotation is switched, the overturning moment is completely offset, and the mechanical stability of the large-size furnace tube is ensured when it frequently changes direction. The temperature detection device, differential pressure sensor and combustible gas detector construct a multi-parameter fusion monitoring network, feed back data to the early warning control system in real time, and automatically execute the "gas cutting - inertization - cooling" program chain when the threshold is triggered. The cooling system adopts cyclone guide and forced convection composite technology, and the efficiency is improved by 3 times compared with the traditional natural cooling, and the non-reaction time is significantly compressed in cooperation with the intermittent production mode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 It is an initial state perspective view of a silicon-carbon negative electrode material gas phase coating equipment in the embodiment of the present application.
[0013] Figure 2 It is an initial state front view of a silicon-carbon negative electrode material gas phase coating equipment in the embodiment of the present application.
[0014] Figure 3 It is a lifting state perspective view of a silicon-carbon negative electrode material gas phase coating equipment in the embodiment of the present application.
[0015] In the figure: 1, base; 10, heating system; 11, rear end vibration device; 12, rear end sealing rotary joint; 2, lifting device; 3, front end sealing rotary joint; 4, maintenance and explosion relief device; 5, driving device; 6, furnace tube assembly; 7, front end vibration device; 8, cooling system; 9, temperature detection device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of silicon-carbon negative electrode material gas phase coating equipment, solve the technical problems of safety risk prominent, material reaction is not even, system stability is poor in the high sealing dynamic production environment of prior art scheme.
[0017] The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is to solve the above problems, the general idea is as follows In order to better understand the above technical scheme, the above technical scheme will be described in detail in conjunction with the drawings of the specification and specific embodiments.
[0018] A kind of silicon-carbon negative electrode material gas phase coating equipment, as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 And Figure 3 , including base 1, lifting device 2, front end sealing rotary joint 3, maintenance and explosion relief device 4, driving device 5, furnace tube assembly 6, front end vibration device 7, cooling system 8, temperature detection device 9, heating system 10, rear end vibration device 11 and rear end sealing rotary joint 12;Lifting device 2 is installed at the bottom of base 1;Furnace tube assembly 6 two ends are connected with front end sealing rotary joint 3 and rear end sealing rotary joint 12 respectively;Front end sealing rotary joint 3 and rear end sealing rotary joint 12 are both provided with cooling structure and leakage inspection sensor;Furnace tube assembly 6 outer wall is provided with heating system 10, and inside is provided with material lifting plate, and the inclination angle of material lifting plate is adapted to the characteristics of silicon-carbon negative electrode powder and process gas flow rate;Front end and rear end of furnace tube assembly 6 are respectively provided with front end vibration device 7 and rear end vibration device 11;Driving device 5 is connected with furnace tube assembly 6 through idler device, and idler device is located directly below furnace tube assembly 6;Maintenance and explosion relief device 4 is installed on the top of furnace tube assembly 6;Temperature detection device 9 is integrated on furnace tube assembly 6 and connected with early warning control system;Cooling system 8 is connected with furnace tube assembly 6.
[0019] Front end sealing rotary joint 3 and rear end sealing rotary joint 12 adopt water-cooling or air-cooling cooling structure.
[0020] The inclination angle of material lifting plate is dynamically set according to the particle size distribution of material and gas flow rate.
[0021] Lifting device 2 can adjust the included angle between furnace tube assembly 6 and horizontal plane.
[0022] Early warning control system triggers automatic cut-off process gas supply and inert gas injection.
[0023] The device is composed of a base 1, a lifting device 2, a front end sealing rotary joint 3, a maintenance and explosion relief device 4, a driving device 5, a furnace tube assembly 6, a front end vibration device 7, a cooling system 8, a temperature detection device 9, a heating system 10, a rear end vibration device 11 and a rear end sealing rotary joint 12. The operation process is as follows: Feeding: The lifting device 2 adjusts the furnace tube assembly 6 to a feeding inclination angle, and the material enters the furnace tube through the front end sealing rotary joint 3. The front end sealing rotary joint 3 and the rear end sealing rotary joint 12 are connected to a cooling medium (water or gas), and a leakage sensor monitors the sealing state in real time.
[0024] Reaction: The driving device 5 drives the furnace tube assembly 6 to rotate forward through a lazy pulley device below, and the material is thrown by the material throwing plate at an inclination angle suitable for the characteristics of the powder, thereby strengthening the gas-solid contact.
[0025] The heating system 10 maintains a constant temperature, and the front end vibration device 7 and the rear end vibration device 11 continuously vibrate the furnace tube to prevent the material from depositing.
[0026] The temperature detection device 9, a differential pressure sensor and a combustible gas detector monitor in real time, and the early warning system automatically cuts off the gas and injects inert gas when an abnormality occurs.
[0027] Discharging: The lifting device 2 increases the inclination angle, the driving device 5 reverses, the material is quickly guided out through the rear end spiral blade, and the cooling system 8 starts forced cooling.
[0028] Safety protection: The maintenance and explosion relief device 4 automatically relieves the explosion in response to abnormal pressure; the lazy pulley device offsets the forward and reverse torque to stabilize the furnace tube.
[0029] Due to the adoption of the base 1, the lifting device 2, the front end sealing rotary joint 3, the maintenance and explosion relief device 4, the driving device 5, the furnace tube assembly 6, the front end vibration device 7, the cooling system 8, the temperature detection device 9, the heating system 10, the rear end vibration device 11 and the rear end sealing rotary joint 12, the front end sealing rotary joint 3 and the rear end sealing rotary joint 12 are integrated with a cooling structure, the heat of the sealing element is continuously led out through water cooling or air cooling medium, the sealing failure path caused by high temperature thermal aging is completely blocked, the double-channel leakage sensor monitors the sealing interface state in real time, the gas supply system is interlocked, the leakage signal is responded in milliseconds and the gas source is automatically cut off, the inert gas injection mechanism is synchronously triggered, and the explosion condition is eliminated from the root. The maintenance and explosion relief device 4 adopts a composite structure of bursting disc and spring reset, can accurately release high-pressure gas when the furnace pressure is abnormal and automatically reset, forms a three-level protection system of “prevention, blockage and release”, and realizes the intrinsic safety of the silicon-carbon negative electrode gas phase coating equipment for the first time. The innovative design of the adjustable inclination lifting device 2 breaks through the limitation of the traditional fixed inclination, adopts a 5°-8° inclination in the feeding stage to ensure the stable distribution of the material, switches to a large inclination mode in the discharging stage, cooperates with the reverse driving of the furnace tube and the tail spiral blade structure, and realizes the complete discharge of more than 99% of the material within 10 minutes, thereby eliminating batch cross contamination. The inclination of the lifting plate in the furnace tube assembly 6 is dynamically optimized based on the powder rest angle, particle size distribution and gas flow rate, so that the powder throwing trajectory is always in the high concentration area of the process gas, and the gas-solid contact efficiency is improved by more than 50%. The front end vibration device 7 and the rear end vibration device 11 continuously excite the furnace body at a specific resonance frequency, break the adhesion energy barrier of the powder on the furnace wall, and completely solve the “thermal barrier” effect caused by deposition and caking, so that the furnace temperature uniformity is controlled within ±3℃. The driving device 5 transmits torque through the upper idle pulley device, the bidirectional force always passes through the geometric center of the furnace tube assembly 6 when the forward and reverse rotation is switched, completely offsets the overturning moment, and guarantees the mechanical stability of the large-size furnace tube during frequent turning. The temperature detection device 9, the differential pressure sensor and the combustible gas detector construct a multi-parameter fusion monitoring network, feed back data to the early warning control system in real time, and automatically execute the “gas cutting, inertization and cooling” program chain when the threshold is triggered. The cooling system 8 adopts the composite technology of cyclone guide and forced convection, and the efficiency is improved by 3 times compared with the traditional natural cooling, which significantly compresses the non-reaction time in cooperation with the intermittent production mode.
[0030] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art who understand the basic creative concept can make additional changes and modifications to the embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to include the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.
[0031] Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present application are possible in light of the above teachings. It is, therefore, to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents, the application can be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.
Claims
1. A silicon-carbon negative electrode material gas-phase coating apparatus, characterized by, It comprises a base (1), a lifting device (2), a front end sealed rotary joint (3), a maintenance and explosion relief device (4), a driving device (5), a furnace tube assembly (6), a front end vibration device (7), a cooling system (8), a temperature detection device (9), a heating system (10), a rear end vibration device (11) and a rear end sealed rotary joint (12); the lifting device (2) is installed at the bottom of the base (1); the furnace tube assembly (6) is connected with the front end sealed rotary joint (3) and the rear end sealed rotary joint (12) at two ends respectively; the front end sealed rotary joint (3) and the rear end sealed rotary joint (12) are both provided with a cooling structure and a leakage detection sensor; the furnace tube assembly (6) is provided with the heating system (10) on the outer wall and a material lifting plate in the inside, and the material lifting plate is inclined at an angle suitable for the characteristics of silicon-carbon negative electrode powder and the process gas flow rate; the front end and the rear end of the furnace tube assembly (6) are respectively provided with the front end vibration device (7) and the rear end vibration device (11); the driving device (5) is connected with the furnace tube assembly (6) through an idler device, and the idler device is located directly below the furnace tube assembly (6); the maintenance and explosion relief device (4) is installed on the top of the furnace tube assembly (6); the temperature detection device (9) is integrated on the furnace tube assembly (6) and connected with a pre-warning control system; the cooling system (8) is connected with the furnace tube assembly (6).
2. The apparatus for gas phase coating of silicon-carbon negative electrode material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end sealed rotary joint (3) and the rear end sealed rotary joint (12) adopt a water-cooled or air-cooled cooling structure.
3. The apparatus for vapor phase coating of silicon-carbon negative electrode material according to claim 1, wherein, The inclination angle of the material lifting plate is dynamically set according to the material particle size distribution and the gas flow rate.
4. The apparatus for vapor phase coating of silicon-carbon negative electrode material according to claim 1, wherein, The lifting device (2) can adjust the included angle between the furnace tube assembly (6) and the horizontal plane.
5. The apparatus for vapor phase coating of silicon-carbon negative electrode material according to claim 1, wherein, When the pre-warning control system is triggered, the process gas supply is automatically cut off and inert gas is injected.