Basement bottom plate

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a basement bottom plate which comprises a plain soil layer, a pervious concrete layer, a geotechnical cloth layer and a decorative surface layer. The plain soil layer can uniformly disperse load, prevents settlement deformation of an upper layer structure, and has natural water seepage capability. The pervious concrete layer is formed above the top face of the plain soil layer, an existing hydrophobic layer and an existing leveling layer are replaced, the three functions of drainage, leveling and bearing are achieved, the structure of an existing bottom plate is simplified, and cost is reduced. The geotechnical cloth layer covers the top face of the permeable layer, fine particles can be prevented from permeating into the permeable concrete layer, and the permeable rate of the permeable concrete layer is kept. Meanwhile, the geotechnical cloth layer prevents the decorative surface layer from permeating into the pervious concrete layer. And the decorative surface layer is formed above the top surface of the geotechnical cloth layer, so that the aesthetic feeling can be improved, high wear resistance is achieved, and dust raising is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of building construction technology, and in particular to a basement floor slab. Background Technology

[0002] The basement floor slab serves multiple functions in a building structure. First, it forms the bottom structure of the basement, directly bearing the pressure of groundwater and the reaction force of the foundation. Second, as the foundation of the building, the basement floor slab is closely connected to the foundation, playing a role in distributing the building load and preventing foundation settlement.

[0003] The existing basement floor slab consists of a soil layer, a drainage layer, and a leveling layer. The drainage layer, a gravel layer, is formed above the top surface of the soil layer and serves a drainage function. The leveling layer, a concrete layer, is formed above the top surface of the drainage layer.

[0004] The existing technical solutions mentioned above have the following drawbacks: the existing hydrophobic layer is a gravel layer, which cannot simultaneously perform the functions of drainage, leveling, and load-bearing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to enable the existing hydrophobic layer to perform the functions of drainage, leveling and load-bearing, this application provides a basement floor slab.

[0006] This application provides a basement floor slab, which adopts the following technical solution: A basement floor slab, comprising: Plain soil layer; A permeable concrete layer is formed above the top surface of the subgrade layer; A geotextile layer is placed on top of the permeable concrete layer. The decorative surface layer is formed on top of the geotextile layer; The permeable concrete layer includes: The lower support layer is formed above the top surface of the subgrade layer; The middle support layer is formed above the top surface of the lower support layer and has a greater porosity than the lower support layer. The upper support layer is formed above the top surface of the middle support layer and has a greater porosity than the middle support layer.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solutions, the subsoil layer can evenly distribute the load, prevent settlement and deformation of the upper structure, and possess natural water permeability. The permeable concrete layer, formed above the subsoil layer, replaces the existing drainage and leveling layers, combining drainage, leveling, and load-bearing functions, simplifying the existing foundation structure and reducing costs. A geotextile layer, covering the top of the permeable layer, prevents fine particles from seeping into the permeable concrete layer, maintaining its permeability. Simultaneously, the geotextile layer prevents the decorative surface layer from seeping into the permeable concrete layer. The decorative surface layer, formed above the geotextile layer, enhances aesthetics, has strong wear resistance, and prevents dust generation. The lower, middle, and upper support layers all combine drainage, leveling, and load-bearing functions, ensuring the permeable concrete layer as a whole has strong drainage, leveling, and load-bearing capacity. Moreover, the porosity of the upper, middle and lower support layers decreases sequentially, forming a drainage channel that runs through the three layers in the vertical direction, which greatly improves the drainage performance of the permeable concrete layer.

[0008] This application further specifies that, by weight percentage, the permeable concrete layer is made of 4.4-4.5 wt% cement, 35.6-36.3 wt% coarse aggregate, 22.2-22.7 wt% fine aggregate, 31.3-31.8 wt% nitrate and 4.7-6.5 wt% water.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, coarse aggregate, acting as a skeleton, provides good permeability, disperses external loads, and prevents structural deformation of the permeable concrete layer. Fine aggregate fills the gaps between the coarse aggregate, balancing permeability and strength. Simultaneously, it enhances the density of the mixture, preventing concrete segregation. Peel powder assists the coarse aggregate in forming a stable skeleton, improving compressive strength. It can also replace natural aggregate, reducing construction costs. Cement coats the aggregate to form a hardened body, improving structural strength and stability, thereby increasing the load-bearing capacity of the permeable concrete layer. It can withstand traffic loads, preventing loosening and settlement of the permeable concrete layer and extending its service life. Overall, it simplifies the structure, reduces construction difficulty, shortens the construction period, lowers construction costs, ensures load-bearing capacity, and possesses good hydrophobicity and durability.

[0010] This application further specifies that: the coarse aggregate is crushed stone with a particle size of 20-30mm; the fine aggregate is crushed stone with a particle size of 10-20mm; and the particle size of the saltpeter is 0-5mm.

[0011] This application further specifies that: the thickness of the middle support layer is greater than the thickness of the lower support layer; the thickness of the lower support layer is greater than the thickness of the upper support layer.

[0012] This application further specifies that the lower support layer is made of crushed stone with a particle size of 10-20 mm, cement, and water.

[0013] This application further specifies that the intermediate support layer is made of crushed stone with a particle size of 20-30 mm, cement, and water.

[0014] This application further specifies that the upper support layer is made of crushed stone with a particle size of 10-20 mm, saltpeter with a particle size of 0-5 mm, and water.

[0015] This application further specifies that the permeable concrete layer also includes: The microwave absorbing and heating layer is formed between the lower support layer and the middle support layer.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, during the construction phase, microwaves are applied above the permeable concrete layer. The microwave-absorbing heating layer can utilize the microwaves to generate heat, accelerating the curing of the permeable concrete layer and shortening the construction cycle. During the later use phase, microwaves are applied above the permeable concrete layer, and the microwave-absorbing heating layer can utilize the microwaves to generate heat, accelerating the evaporation of moisture within the permeable concrete layer.

[0017] This application further specifies that the microwave absorbing and heating layer is formed by magnetic mineral sand and corundum in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0018] This application further specifies that the permeable concrete layer also includes: A lower thermally conductive fiber layer is formed between the lower support layer and the microwave absorbing and heating layer; An upper thermally conductive fiber layer is formed between the microwave absorbing and heating layer and the middle support layer.

[0019] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of this application are as follows: 1. The subsurface soil layer can evenly distribute the load, preventing settlement and deformation of the upper structure, while also possessing natural water permeability. The permeable concrete layer, formed on top of the subsurface soil layer, replaces the existing drainage and leveling layers, combining drainage, leveling, and load-bearing functions, simplifying the existing foundation structure and reducing costs. A geotextile layer, covering the top of the permeable layer, prevents fine particles from seeping into the interior of the permeable concrete layer, maintaining its permeability. Simultaneously, the geotextile layer prevents the decorative surface layer from seeping into the interior of the permeable concrete layer. The decorative surface layer, formed on top of the geotextile layer, enhances aesthetics, has strong wear resistance, and prevents dust generation. The lower, middle, and upper support layers all combine drainage, leveling, and load-bearing functions, ensuring that the permeable concrete layer as a whole possesses strong drainage, leveling, and load-bearing capacity. Moreover, the porosity of the upper, middle and lower support layers decreases sequentially, forming a drainage channel that runs through the three layers in the vertical direction, which greatly improves the drainage performance of the permeable concrete layer.

[0020] 2. Coarse aggregate, acting as the skeleton, provides good permeability, disperses external loads, and prevents structural deformation of the permeable concrete layer. Fine aggregate fills the gaps between the coarse aggregate, balancing permeability and strength. It also enhances the density of the mixture, preventing concrete segregation. Peel salts assist the coarse aggregate in forming a stable skeleton, improving compressive strength. Furthermore, it can replace natural aggregates, reducing construction costs. Cement coats the aggregate to form a hardened body, improving structural strength and stability, thereby increasing the load-bearing capacity of the permeable concrete layer. It can withstand traffic loads, preventing loosening and settlement of the permeable concrete layer and extending its service life. Overall, it simplifies the structure, reduces construction difficulty, shortens the construction period, lowers construction costs, ensures load-bearing capacity, and possesses good hydrophobicity and durability.

[0021] 3. During the construction phase, microwaves are applied above the permeable concrete layer. The microwave-absorbing heating layer utilizes the microwaves to generate heat, accelerating the curing of the permeable concrete layer and shortening the construction cycle. In the later use phase, microwaves are applied above the permeable concrete layer, and the microwave-absorbing heating layer utilizes the microwaves to generate heat, accelerating the evaporation of moisture within the permeable concrete layer. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the basement floor slab; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the basement floor slab; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the upper support layer.

[0023] Reference numerals: 110, Plain soil layer; 120, Permeable concrete layer; 121, Lower support layer; 122, Middle support layer; 123, Upper support layer; 1231, Reinforcing strip; 124, Wave-absorbing and heat-generating layer; 125, Lower thermally conductive fiber layer; 126, Upper thermally conductive fiber layer; 130, Geotextile layer; 140, Decorative surface layer. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-3 This application will be described in further detail.

[0025] Reference Figure 1This application discloses a basement floor slab, comprising a subgrade layer 110, a permeable concrete layer 120, a geotextile layer 130, and a decorative surface layer 140. The subgrade layer 110, as the foundation load-bearing layer, requires compaction to ensure flatness and firmness. The subgrade layer 110 can evenly distribute the load, preventing settlement and deformation of the upper structure, while also possessing natural water permeability. The permeable concrete layer 120 is formed above the top surface of the subgrade layer 110, replacing the existing drainage and leveling layers, and combining drainage, leveling, and load-bearing functions, simplifying the existing floor slab structure and reducing costs. The geotextile layer 130 covers the top surface of the permeable layer, preventing fine particles from seeping into the interior of the permeable concrete layer 120, maintaining the permeability of the permeable concrete layer 120. Simultaneously, the geotextile layer 130 prevents the decorative surface layer 140 from seeping into the interior of the permeable concrete layer 120. The decorative surface layer 140 is formed on top of the geotextile layer 130, enhancing aesthetics, providing strong wear resistance, and preventing dust. The permeable concrete layer 120 has a three-layer structure, including a lower support layer 121, a middle support layer 122, and an upper support layer 123. The lower support layer 121 is formed on top of the subsurface soil layer 110. The middle support layer 122 is formed on top of the lower support layer 121. The upper support layer 123 is formed on top of the middle support layer 122. The lower support layer 121, middle support layer 122, and upper support layer 123 all have triple functions of drainage, leveling, and load-bearing, ensuring that the permeable concrete layer 120 as a whole has strong drainage, leveling, and load-bearing capacity. Furthermore, the porosity of the middle support layer 122 (approximately 15%-20%) is greater than that of the lower support layer 121 (approximately 10%-15%), and the porosity of the upper support layer 123 (approximately 25%-30%) is greater than that of the middle support layer 122 (approximately 15%-20%). The thickness of the middle support layer 122 (approximately 70mm-90mm) is greater than that of the lower support layer 121 (approximately 60mm-80mm), and the thickness of the lower support layer 121 (approximately 60mm-80mm) is greater than that of the upper support layer 123 (40mm-60mm). Vertically, drainage channels are formed that penetrate all three layers, significantly improving the drainage performance of the permeable concrete layer 120.

[0026] In one embodiment, the permeable concrete layer 120, by weight percentage, is composed of 4.4wt%-4.5wt% cement, 35.6wt%-36.3wt% coarse aggregate, 22.2wt%-22.7wt% fine aggregate, 31.3wt%-31.8wt% limestone, and 4.7wt%-6.5wt% water. The coarse aggregate, acting as a skeleton, provides good permeability, disperses external loads, and prevents structural deformation of the permeable concrete layer 120. The fine aggregate fills the gaps between the coarse aggregate, balancing permeability and strength. Simultaneously, it enhances the density of the mixture, preventing concrete segregation. Limestone assists the coarse aggregate in forming a stable skeleton, improving compressive strength. It can also replace natural aggregate, reducing construction costs. Cement coats the aggregate to form a hardened body, improving structural strength and stability, thereby increasing the load-bearing capacity of the permeable concrete layer 120. It can withstand traffic loads, preventing loosening and settlement of the permeable concrete layer 120 and extending its service life. Overall, the structure is simplified, construction difficulty is reduced, construction period is shortened, construction cost is reduced, load-bearing capacity is guaranteed, and it has good water permeability and durability. The coarse aggregate consists of crushed stone with particle sizes of 20mm, 21mm, 22mm, 23mm, 24mm, 25mm, 26mm, 27mm, 28mm, 29mm, or 30mm; the fine aggregate consists of crushed stone with particle sizes of 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm, 15mm, 16mm, 17mm, 18mm, 19mm, or 20mm; and the limestone has particle sizes of 0mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, or 5mm.

[0027] Preferably, the permeable concrete layer 120 is made of 1 kg of cement, 8.02 kg of crushed stone with a particle size of 25 mm, 5.01 kg of crushed stone with a particle size of 15 mm, 7.02 kg of nitrate with a particle size of 2.5 mm and 1.05 kg to 1.47 kg of water.

[0028] Preferably, the lower support layer 121 is made of crushed stone with a particle size of 10 mm, 11 mm, 12 mm, 13 mm, 14 mm, 15 mm, 16 mm, 17 mm, 18 mm, 19 mm or 20 mm, cement and water. Specifically, cement and water are first mixed to form a cement slurry with a viscosity of 30 Pa·s, 35 Pa·s or 40 Pa·s, and the cement slurry is sprayed onto the surface of the crushed stone using a high-pressure method.

[0029] Preferably, the intermediate support layer 122 is made of crushed stone with a particle size of 20 mm, 21 mm, 22 mm, 23 mm, 24 mm, 25 mm, 26 mm, 27 mm, 28 mm, 29 mm or 30 mm, cement and water. Specifically, cement and water are first mixed to form a cement slurry with a viscosity of 20 Pa·s, 25 Pa·s or 30 Pa·s, and the cement slurry is sprayed onto the surface of the crushed stone using a high-pressure method.

[0030] Preferably, the upper support layer 123 is made of crushed stone with a particle size of 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm, 15mm, 16mm, 17mm, 18mm, 19mm or 20mm, saltpeter with a particle size of 0mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm or 5mm, and water.

[0031] It should be noted that the arrangement of each layer of aggregate can be adjusted using a vibration compaction process to ensure drainage.

[0032] In another embodiment, such as Figure 2As shown, the permeable concrete layer 120 has a six-layer structure, including a lower support layer 121, a middle support layer 122, an upper support layer 123, a wave-absorbing and heat-generating layer 124, a lower thermally conductive fiber layer 125, and an upper thermally conductive fiber layer 126. The lower support layer 121 is formed above the top surface of the subgrade layer 110. The middle support layer 122 is formed above the top surface of the lower support layer 121. The upper support layer 123 is formed above the top surface of the middle support layer 122. The lower support layer 121, middle support layer 122, and upper support layer 123 all possess the triple functions of drainage, leveling, and load-bearing capacity, ensuring that the permeable concrete layer 120 as a whole has strong drainage, leveling, and load-bearing capabilities. Furthermore, the porosity of the middle support layer 122 is greater than that of the lower support layer 121, and the porosity of the upper support layer 123 is greater than that of the middle support layer 122. The thickness of the middle support layer 122 is greater than that of the lower support layer 121, and the thickness of the lower support layer 121 is greater than that of the upper support layer 123. Vertically, a drainage channel is formed through all three layers, significantly improving the drainage performance of the permeable concrete layer 120. A microwave-absorbing and heating layer 124 is formed between the lower support layer 121 and the middle support layer 122. During construction, microwaves are applied above the permeable concrete layer 120, allowing the microwave-absorbing and heating layer 124 to utilize the microwaves for heating, accelerating the curing of the permeable concrete layer 120 and shortening the construction cycle. In later use, microwaves are applied above the permeable concrete layer 120, allowing the microwave-absorbing and heating layer 124 to utilize the microwaves for heating, accelerating the evaporation of moisture within the permeable concrete layer 120, enabling it to dry quickly and extending its service life. A lower thermally conductive fiber layer 125 is formed between the lower support layer 121 and the microwave-absorbing and heating layer 124, serving a thermal conductive function, allowing heat to be quickly transferred to the lower support layer 121. The upper thermally conductive fiber layer 126 is formed between the microwave absorbing and heating layer 124 and the middle support layer 122, and plays a role in heat conduction, so that heat can be quickly transferred to the middle support layer 122.

[0033] Preferably, the microwave absorbing heating layer 124 is formed by magnetic mineral sand and corundum in a mass ratio of 1:1, which has a high microwave utilization rate and high bonding strength with cement.

[0034] Preferably, the lower thermally conductive fiber layer 125 and the upper thermally conductive fiber layer 126 are carbon fiber layers, which have good thermal conductivity.

[0035] Preferably, such as Figure 3As shown, the upper support layer 123 is provided with two reinforcing strips 1231, each with a high load-bearing capacity for use by vehicle tires. Reinforcing powder is formed by uniformly mixing stone powder with particle sizes of 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, or 0.5mm with crushed stone with particle sizes of 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, or 5mm at a weight ratio of 1:1. The reinforcing powder is then filled into the reinforcing strips 1231 to increase their density and thus improve their compressive strength.

[0036] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: The subgrade layer 110, as the foundation load-bearing layer, needs to be compacted to ensure flatness and solidity. The subgrade layer 110 can evenly distribute the load, prevent settlement and deformation of the upper structure, and also has natural water permeability. The permeable concrete layer 120 is formed on the top surface of the subgrade layer 110, replacing the existing drainage layer and leveling layer, and has the triple functions of drainage, leveling, and load bearing, which simplifies the existing foundation structure and reduces costs. The geotextile layer 130 covers the top surface of the permeable layer, which can prevent fine particles from seeping into the interior of the permeable concrete layer 120 and maintain the permeability of the permeable concrete layer 120. At the same time, the geotextile layer 130 prevents the decorative surface layer 140 from seeping into the interior of the permeable concrete layer 120. The decorative surface layer 140 is formed on the top surface of the geotextile layer 130, which can enhance the aesthetics, has strong wear resistance, and avoids dust. The lower support layer 121, middle support layer 122, and upper support layer 123 all possess triple functions of drainage, leveling, and load-bearing, ensuring that the permeable concrete layer 120 as a whole has strong drainage, leveling, and load-bearing capacity. Furthermore, the porosity of the middle support layer 122 is greater than that of the lower support layer 121, and the porosity of the upper support layer 123 is greater than that of the middle support layer 122. Vertically, drainage channels are formed that penetrate the three layers, significantly improving the drainage performance of the permeable concrete layer 120.

[0037] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A basement floor slab, characterized in that, include: Plain soil layer (110); A permeable concrete layer (120) is formed above the top surface of the subgrade layer (110); A geotextile layer (130) is placed over the top surface of the permeable concrete layer (120); A decorative surface layer (140) is formed above the top surface of the geotextile layer (130); The permeable concrete layer (120) includes: A lower support layer (121) is formed above the top surface of the subgrade layer (110); A middle support layer (122) is formed above the top surface of the lower support layer (121) and has a porosity greater than that of the lower support layer (121). An upper support layer (123) is formed above the top surface of the middle support layer (122) and has a porosity greater than that of the middle support layer (122).

2. The basement floor slab according to claim 1, characterized in that, The permeable concrete layer (120) is made of 4.4-4.5 wt% cement, 35.6-36.3 wt% coarse aggregate, 22.2-22.7 wt% fine aggregate, 31.3-31.8 wt% nitrate and 4.7-6.5 wt% water by weight percentage.

3. The basement floor slab according to claim 2, characterized in that, The coarse aggregate is crushed stone with a particle size of 20-30mm; the fine aggregate is crushed stone with a particle size of 10-20mm; and the saltpeter has a particle size of 0-5mm.

4. The basement floor slab according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the middle support layer (122) is greater than the thickness of the lower support layer (121); the thickness of the lower support layer (121) is greater than the thickness of the upper support layer (123).

5. The basement floor slab according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower support layer (121) is made of crushed stone with a particle size of 10-20 mm, cement and water.

6. The basement floor slab according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate support layer (122) is made of crushed stone with a particle size of 20-30 mm, cement and water.

7. The basement floor slab according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper support layer (123) is made of crushed stone with a particle size of 10-20 mm, saltpeter with a particle size of 0-5 mm, and water.

8. The basement floor slab according to claim 1, characterized in that, The permeable concrete layer (120) also includes: A microwave absorbing and heating layer (124) is formed between the lower support layer (121) and the middle support layer (122).

9. The basement floor slab according to claim 8, characterized in that, The microwave absorbing heating layer (124) is formed by magnetic sand and corundum in a mass ratio of 1:

1.

10. The basement floor slab according to claim 8, characterized in that, The permeable concrete layer (120) also includes: A lower thermally conductive fiber layer (125) is formed between the lower support layer (121) and the microwave absorbing and heating layer (124); An upper thermally conductive fiber layer (126) is formed between the microwave absorbing and heating layer (124) and the middle support layer (122).

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