Pile foundation construction adjacent building protection structure and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit construction protection, in particular to a pile foundation construction adjacent building protection structure and a construction method. Comprising a plurality of protection piles and protection plates connected between every two adjacent protection piles, the protection piles comprise fixed piles and connecting piles, the fixed piles are located on the lower sides of the connecting piles, and the protection plates are fixedly connected with the connecting piles; a supporting rod is movably connected between the fixed pile and the connecting pile, a plurality of monitoring parts are evenly arranged in the fixed pile in the height direction, each monitoring part comprises at least four monitoring assemblies, and the monitoring assemblies are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the fixed pile. Relative displacement, caused by geological settlement, of the fixed pile and the connecting pile can be monitored synchronously, and a full-dimension monitoring system of horizontal collapse and vertical settlement is formed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of foundation pit construction protection, in particular to a pile foundation construction adjacent building protection structure and construction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In urban construction, pile foundation construction (such as bored pile, static pile, etc.) often affects the stability of adjacent buildings due to vibration, soil disturbance or changes in underground water, which may cause surrounding geological layer collapse or settlement, and further cause building cracking, tilting and other safety hazards. Traditional protection measures only block soil displacement through rigid structures, which cannot monitor geological changes in real time and cannot timely warn; it cannot distinguish the collapse direction or quantify the settlement degree, resulting in lack of pertinence in subsequent reinforcement.

[0003] Therefore, the present application provides a pile foundation construction adjacent building protection structure and construction method, which can protect the adjacent building and efficiently detect geological changes. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a pile foundation construction adjacent building protection structure and construction method.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present application to solve the technical problem is: a pile foundation construction adjacent building protection structure, comprising a plurality of protection piles and a protection plate connected between adjacent two protection piles, the protection pile comprises a fixed pile and a connecting pile, the fixed pile is located below the connecting pile, and the protection plate is fixedly connected with the connecting pile; A support rod is movably connected between the fixed pile and the connecting pile, a plurality of monitoring parts are uniformly arranged in the fixed pile along the height direction, each monitoring part comprises at least four monitoring components, the monitoring components are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the fixed pile, the monitoring component comprises a guide column and a monitoring rod, one end of the monitoring rod is slidably connected with the guide column, an auxiliary spring is arranged in the monitoring rod and the guide column, a monitoring sensor is arranged in the guide column, and a monitoring sheet is arranged at the outer end of the monitoring rod, the fixed pile is provided with a monitoring port, the monitoring port is used to accommodate the monitoring sheet, when the pile foundation construction affects the stability of the foundation and causes the geological layer to be loose, the monitoring sheet is popped out outward under the action of the auxiliary spring, and the monitoring sensor is used to monitor the displacement distance of the monitoring rod.

[0006] As an optimization, the upper part of the fixed pile and the lower part of the connecting pile are oppositely provided with a connecting cavity, the two ends of the support rod are provided with a limiting plate, the limiting plate is slidably arranged in the connecting cavity, and a support spring is arranged between the limiting plate and the opening end of the connecting cavity; The first distance sensor is arranged on the side of the connecting cavity away from the opening end, and is used for monitoring the relative displacement between the support rod and the protection pile.

[0007] As an optimization, the guide column is horizontally arranged, the monitoring rod is arranged with a limiting ring at the end away from the monitoring sheet, and the auxiliary spring is connected between the limiting ring and the inner bottom of the guide column. The guide column is detachably connected with a limiting pin, and in the initial state, the limiting pin is arranged on the side of the limiting ring away from the auxiliary spring, and is used for locking the initial position of the monitoring sheet.

[0008] As an optimization, the inner part of the fixed pile is arranged with an auxiliary pull rope, the upper end of the auxiliary pull rope is connected with the limiting pin, and the upper end of the auxiliary pull rope is connected with the lower end of the support rod.

[0009] As an optimization, the bottom of the guide column is arranged with an electromagnet, the electromagnet is used for magnetically attracting the limiting ring, the monitoring sensor is arranged on the side opposite to the electromagnet and the limiting ring, the monitoring sensor is a second distance sensor, and the second distance sensor is used for monitoring the displacement distance of the limiting ring.

[0010] A construction method of a pile foundation construction adjacent building protection structure, comprising the following steps: S1. Pre-excavation: pre-installing a hole near the building; S2. Assembly, connecting the protection pile and the protection plate to form a protection structure; S3. Positioning and installation: extending the fixed pile into the installation hole of S1 and filling it, so that the fixed pile is vertically installed, pulling the support rod upward, releasing the monitoring assembly, and continuing to backfill the soil until the lower part of the connecting pile is completely filled; S4. Protection monitoring: when the geological layer collapses, the monitoring assembly in the collapse direction is relieved, and extends outward under the action of the auxiliary spring, and the second distance sensor is used for monitoring the collapse distance, and when the geological layer subsides, the geological layer drives the fixed pile downward, and the relative displacement between the fixed pile and the support rod occurs.

[0011] As an optimization, the length of the installation hole is greater than the length of the fixed pile, and when the protection pile is installed, the fixed pile needs to be completely buried, and at least 1 / 3 of the height of the connecting pile is buried.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the scheme are as follows: By using monitoring components (monitoring plates, auxiliary springs, and sensors) evenly distributed within the fixed piles, the direction and degree of loosening of the geological layer can be sensed in real time. When a collapse occurs, the monitoring plates automatically pop out and the displacement distance is recorded by the monitoring sensors, achieving accurate monitoring from multiple directions. The support rod and the first distance sensor in the connecting cavity work together to simultaneously monitor the relative displacement between the fixed piles and the connecting piles caused by geological settlement, forming a full-dimensional monitoring system of "horizontal collapse + vertical settlement". Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the protective pile of the present invention from the axial side.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the protective pile of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the AA cross-section structure.

[0017] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of part B.

[0018] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram of part C.

[0019] Among them, 1. Protective plate, 2. Fixed pile, 3. Connecting pile, 4. Support rod, 5. Guide column, 6. Monitoring rod, 7. Monitoring plate, 8. Connecting cavity, 9. Limiting plate, 10. Support spring, 11. First distance sensor, 12. Auxiliary spring, 13. Auxiliary pull rope, 14. Electromagnet, 15. Second distance sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship when the product of the present application is usually placed, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] As shown in Figures 1-6 A pile foundation construction adjacent building protection structure, comprising a plurality of protection piles and a protection plate 1 connected between two adjacent protection piles, the protection pile comprises a fixed pile 2 and a connecting pile 3, the fixed pile 2 is located below the connecting pile 3, and the protection plate 1 is fixedly connected with the connecting pile 3; The fixed pile 2 and the connecting pile 3 are movably connected with a support rod 4, the inside of the fixed pile 2 is uniformly arranged with a plurality of monitoring parts in the height direction, the monitoring part comprises at least four monitoring assemblies, a plurality of monitoring assemblies are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the fixed pile 2, the monitoring assembly comprises a guide column 5 and a monitoring rod 6, one end of the monitoring rod 6 is slidably connected with the guide column 5, the inside of the monitoring rod 6 and the guide column 5 is arranged with an auxiliary spring 12, the inside of the guide column 5 is arranged with a monitoring sensor, and the outer end of the monitoring rod 6 is arranged with a monitoring sheet 7. The fixed pile 2 is provided with a monitoring port for accommodating the monitoring sheet 7, when the pile foundation construction affects the stability of the foundation and causes the geological layer to be loose, the monitoring sheet 7 is popped out outward under the action of the auxiliary spring 12, and the monitoring sensor is used to monitor the displacement distance of the monitoring rod 6.

[0023] The fixed pile 2 usually adopts a high-strength concrete or a steel pipe concrete structure, and a monitoring assembly installation channel is pre-buried in the inside. A corrosion-resistant coating (such as epoxy resin) can be added to the surface of the pile body to resist underground water corrosion.

[0024] The connecting pile 3 is made of the same material as the fixed pile 2, but a connecting interface (such as a bolt hole or a welding plate) for the protection plate 1 is reserved at the top. In order to reduce the weight, a hollow steel pipe structure can be used, and the inside is filled with light foam concrete.

[0025] The fixed pile 2 needs to be completely buried in the soil layer, and the buried depth exceeds the potential sliding surface, usually more than 1.5 times the length of the pile. The connecting pile 3 is partially buried (1 / 3 height), and is constructed by a vibrating hammer or a static pressure method.

[0026] The protective plate 1 is made of corrugated steel plate or reinforced concrete plate, with a thickness of 10-20 cm, and is connected by bolts or welding between plates. A reflective strip or warning sign can be added to the surface. The protective plate 1 is welded to the connecting pile 3 through a pre-embedded steel plate, or uses a hinged structure to adapt to slight ground deformation. The gap between the plates is filled with elastic sealant to prevent soil and water loss.

[0027] The monitoring sheet 7 is made of stainless steel or galvanized steel sheet, covered with a rubber layer to enhance friction with the soil. A waterproof sealing ring is provided on the edge of the monitoring port to prevent sand from entering. An aluminum alloy or stainless steel pipe is used, with a slide rail on the inner wall to ensure straight-line movement of the monitoring rod 6.

[0028] As shown in Figure 4 , the upper part of the fixed pile 2 and the lower part of the connecting pile 3 are oppositely provided with a connecting cavity 8, the two ends of the support rod 4 are provided with a limiting plate 9, the limiting plate 9 is slidingly arranged in the connecting cavity 8, and the limiting plate 9 and the opening end of the connecting cavity 8 are provided with a supporting spring 10; The side of the connecting cavity 8 away from the opening end is provided with a first distance sensor 11, and the first distance sensor 11 is used to monitor the relative displacement between the support rod 4 and the protective pile.

[0029] The support rod 4 is a hollow steel pipe, and the limiting plate 9 at both ends is made of hot-rolled steel plate, and graphite lubricant is applied to the sliding surface of the connecting cavity 8 to reduce friction. The support spring 10 is selected from 60Si2MnA spring steel, and the stiffness coefficient is calculated according to the geological conditions, usually 50-100 N / mm.

[0030] The support rod 4 can be replaced by a hydraulic damper, which can buffer the settlement impact through oil pressure and integrate a displacement sensor.

[0031] The first distance sensor 11 is preferably a laser range finder or LVDT, with an accuracy of ±0.1 mm.

[0032] As shown in Figure 6 , the guide column 5 is horizontally arranged, the end of the monitoring rod 6 away from the monitoring sheet 7 is provided with a limiting ring, and the auxiliary spring 12 is connected between the limiting ring and the inner bottom of the guide column 5. The guide column 5 is detachably connected with a limiting pin, and in the initial state, the limiting pin is located on the side of the limiting ring away from the auxiliary spring 12, which is used to lock the initial position of the monitoring sheet 7.

[0033] As shown in Figure 6 , the inside of the fixed pile 2 is provided with an auxiliary pull rope 13, the upper end of the auxiliary pull rope 13 is connected with the limiting pin, and the upper end of the auxiliary pull rope 13 is connected with the lower end of the support rod 4.

[0034] The auxiliary pull rope 13 is a stainless steel wire rope with a diameter of ≥3 mm, and is covered with a PVC sheath to prevent corrosion.

[0035] As Figure 6 The bottom of the guide column 5 is configured with an electromagnet 14 for magnetic attraction of the limiting ring. The monitoring sensor is arranged on the side opposite to the limiting ring of the electromagnet 14. The monitoring sensor is a second distance sensor 15 for monitoring the displacement distance of the limiting ring.

[0036] The second distance sensor 15 is preferably a laser range finder or an LVDT with an accuracy of ±0.1 mm.

[0037] The electromagnet 14 is powered by direct current, and the suction force needs to be greater than the pre-tightening force of the auxiliary spring 12.

[0038] A pile foundation construction method adjacent to a building protection structure, comprising the following steps: S1. Pre-excavation: pre-set installation holes are excavated near the adjacent building; Before construction, a geological radar needs to be used to scan the geology within a range of 50 m around the adjacent building, and the soil layer density, underground water level and existing pipeline distribution are monitored, and a three-dimensional geological model is drawn to determine the protection pile spacing (recommended 3-5 m / pile).

[0039] According to the survey results, the monitoring component configuration density is selected: one set of monitoring parts is set every 0.5 m height in soft soil layer area, and one set is set every 1 m in hard soil layer.

[0040] A spiral drill is used to form a hole with a diameter of 1.3 times the diameter of the fixed pile 2; a 300 mm thick graded gravel layer with a particle size of 5-20 mm is laid at the bottom of the hole, and a flat vibrator is used to compact it to a compaction degree ≥93%.

[0041] After drilling, the hole wall is sprayed with cement mortar to prevent hole collapse. A 20 cm thick gravel layer is laid at the bottom of the hole as a drainage cushion before installation; S2. Assembly, connecting the protection pile and the protection plate 1 to form a protection structure; S3. Positioning and installation: the fixed pile 2 is inserted into the installation hole of S1 and backfilled, so that the fixed pile 2 is vertically installed, the support rod 4 is pulled upward, the monitoring component is released, and the backfilling is continued until the lower part of the connecting pile 3 is completely backfilled. The first distance sensor 11 is a laser displacement sensor (range 0-200 mm, accuracy ±0.1 mm), which needs to be zero-point calibrated after installation.

[0042] The support rod 4 pulls the auxiliary pull rope 13, so that the limiting pin is removed from the inside of the guide column 5.

[0043] S4. Protection monitoring: when the geological layer collapses, the monitoring assembly in the collapse direction is released, and the monitoring assembly extends outward under the action of the auxiliary spring 12, and the second distance sensor 15 monitors the collapse distance, and when the geological layer subsides, the geological layer drives the fixed pile 2 downward, and the fixed pile 2 and the support rod 4 are relatively displaced.

[0044] The monitoring threshold system is established by the controller: Horizontal alarm threshold: single point displacement > 15mm or adjacent two point displacement difference > 5mm; Vertical alarm threshold: subsidence rate > 0.5mm / min within 10 minutes; The wireless transmission module (LoRa protocol) is configured to upload the sensor data to the cloud monitoring platform in real time.

[0045] When the monitoring assembly triggers the threshold, an automatic short message is sent to the on-duty personnel; when the threshold of more than 3 adjacent monitoring points is triggered, the audible and visual alarm is started and the pile foundation construction is suspended.

[0046] When the vertical subsidence is > 10mm, the building reinforcement plan is immediately started The length of the mounting hole is greater than the length of the fixed pile 2, and when the protection pile is installed, the fixed pile 2 needs to be completely buried, and at least 1 / 3 of the height of the connecting pile 3 is buried.

[0047] The above specific embodiments are only specific cases of the present application, and the patent protection scope of the present application includes but is not limited to the product forms and styles of the above specific embodiments, any appropriate changes or modifications made by any ordinary skilled person in the corresponding technical field to the pile foundation construction adjacent building protection structure and construction method according to the claims of the present application shall fall within the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A protective structure for adjacent buildings during pile foundation construction, characterized in that: It includes several protective piles and a protective plate (1) connecting two adjacent protective piles. The protective piles include fixed piles (2) and connecting piles (3). The fixed piles (2) are located on the lower side of the connecting piles (3). The protective plate (1) is fixedly connected to the connecting piles (3). A support rod (4) is movably connected between the fixed pile (2) and the connecting pile (3). Several monitoring parts are evenly arranged inside the fixed pile (2) along the height direction. Each monitoring part includes at least 4 monitoring components. Multiple monitoring components are evenly distributed along the circumference of the fixed pile (2). Each monitoring component includes a guide column (5) and a monitoring rod (6). One end of the monitoring rod (6) is slidably connected to the guide column (5). An auxiliary spring (12) is arranged inside the monitoring rod (6) and the guide column (5). A monitoring sensor is arranged inside the guide column (5). A monitoring plate (7) is arranged at the outer end of the monitoring rod (6). The fixed pile (2) has a monitoring port. The monitoring port is used to accommodate the monitoring plate (7). When the pile foundation construction affects the stability of the foundation and causes the geological layer to loosen, the monitoring plate (7) pops outward under the action of the auxiliary spring (12). The monitoring sensor is used to monitor the displacement distance of the monitoring rod (6).

2. The protective structure for adjacent buildings during pile foundation construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the fixed pile (2) and the lower part of the connecting pile (3) are provided with a connecting cavity (8) opposite to each other. The two ends of the support rod (4) are provided with limit plates (9). The limit plates (9) are slidably disposed in the connecting cavity (8). A support spring (10) is provided between the limit plate (9) and the opening end of the connecting cavity (8). A first distance sensor (11) is provided on the side of the connecting cavity (8) away from the opening end. The first distance sensor (11) is used to monitor the relative displacement between the support rod (4) and the protective pile.

3. The protective structure for adjacent buildings during pile foundation construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide post (5) is set horizontally, and a limit ring is provided at the end of the monitoring rod (6) away from the monitoring piece (7). The auxiliary spring (12) is connected between the limit ring and the inner bottom of the guide post (5). The guide post (5) is detachably connected to a limiting pin. In the initial state, the limiting pin is located on the side of the limiting ring away from the auxiliary spring (12) and is used to lock the initial position of the monitoring piece (7).

4. The protective structure for adjacent buildings during pile foundation construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: An auxiliary pull rope (13) is provided inside the fixed pile (2). The auxiliary pull rope (13) is connected to the upper end of the limiting pin, and the upper end of the auxiliary pull rope (13) is connected to the lower end of the support rod (4).

5. A protective structure for adjacent buildings during pile foundation construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: An electromagnet (14) is disposed at the bottom of the guide post (5). The electromagnet (14) is used to magnetically attract the limiting ring. The monitoring sensor is disposed on the side of the electromagnet (14) opposite to the limiting ring. The monitoring sensor is a second distance sensor (15). The second distance sensor (15) is used to monitor the displacement distance of the limiting ring.

6. A construction method for a protective structure adjacent to a building during pile foundation construction, comprising the protective structure for a building adjacent to a pile foundation construction as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Pre-drilled hole: Pre-drill an installation hole next to a nearby building; S2. Assembly: Connect the protective piles to the protective plate (1) to form a protective structure; S3. Positioning and installation: Insert the fixed pile (2) into the installation hole of S1 and fill it in, so that the fixed pile (2) is installed vertically. Pull the support rod (4) upward to release the monitoring component and continue backfilling until the lower part of the connecting pile (3) is completely buried. S4. Protection monitoring: When the geological layer collapses, the monitoring component in the direction of collapse is relieved and extends outward under the action of the auxiliary spring (12). The collapse distance is monitored by the second distance sensor (15). When the geological layer settles, the geological layer drives the fixed pile (2) downward, and the fixed pile (2) and the support rod (4) undergo relative displacement.

7. The construction method for a protective structure adjacent to a pile foundation as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The length of the installation hole is greater than the length of the fixed pile (2). When the protective pile is installed, the fixed pile (2) must be completely buried, and at least 1 / 3 of the height of the connecting pile (3) must be buried.

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