Surface soil preservation equipment

Abstract

The invention provides surface soil retention equipment which comprises a rack, a lifting unit and a smoothing unit are arranged on the rack, the smoothing unit comprises a soil storage bucket which can transversely slide and is arranged at the output end of the lifting unit, a soil outlet is formed in the bottom of the soil storage bucket, and an inclined plane facing the soil outlet is arranged on the inner side of the soil storage bucket; a driving mechanism connected with the soil storage bucket is arranged on the lifting unit, a propelling frame is slidably arranged on the rack in the direction perpendicular to the soil storage bucket, the soil storage bucket is connected with the propelling frame through a propelling mechanism, a plurality of sets of liftable bulldozing assemblies are arranged on the propelling frame, and the bulldozing assemblies are connected with the propelling frame through a linkage mechanism. And the movement of the propelling frame is converted into driving of the bulldozing assembly to rotate. According to the equipment, soil excavated by open mining can be smoothed and paved on a plane, the soil on the ground can be effectively prevented from being compacted by a running vehicle in the soil transferring process, meanwhile, the soil is looser, and the effect of follow-up environment repairing is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of open-pit mining technology, specifically to a topsoil retention device. Background Technology

[0002] Modern open-pit mining operations require safety and environmental protection, which is not only reflected in the safety requirements of mining operations, but also in the overall comprehensive management, ecological restoration, and green mining operations. The requirements directly propose the strategy of "mining and restoring simultaneously", and adopt measures such as mine revegetation and reclamation to carry out ecological restoration of the mine after mining.

[0003] In open-pit mining projects, the topsoil (such as the surface colluvial layer) is generally a certain thickness of soil that can be retained for mine reclamation, but it needs to be temporarily stockpiled at a selected site. The best way to store this topsoil is in loose, stacked piles for later reclamation use.

[0004] However, the soil is usually transported and dumped on-site by engineering vehicles. Due to the height restrictions of engineering vehicles, in order to avoid spreading the soil over a large area and occupying a lot of ground, the vehicles can only drive on top of the soil pile to continue dumping. This means that the previously dumped soil can only be compacted repeatedly. Although this saves storage space, the soil suitable for cultivation is also severely compacted, causing trouble for the subsequent reuse of the soil.

[0005] Furthermore, taking into account the practical difficulties of on-site soil stockpiling and the functional requirements of soil reclamation, a topsoil retention device is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a topsoil retention device to solve the technical problem mentioned in the background art: currently, during open-pit mining, surface soil is mostly piled up by direct dumping, with construction vehicles driving directly on the soil piles to compact the soil, thereby affecting the subsequent ecological restoration effect of the soil.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a topsoil retention device, comprising a frame, wherein a lifting unit and a smoothing unit are arranged on the frame, and the smoothing unit includes: A soil storage hopper is slidably disposed at the output end of the lifting unit, and a soil outlet is provided at its bottom. An inclined surface facing the soil outlet is provided on the inner side of the soil storage hopper. A drive mechanism is provided on the lifting unit and connected to the soil storage hopper to convert the power of the lifting unit into power to drive the soil storage hopper to slide back and forth. A propulsion frame is slidably mounted on the machine frame in a direction perpendicular to the soil storage hopper. The soil storage hopper and the propulsion frame are connected by a propulsion mechanism, which converts the sliding of the soil storage hopper into driving the propulsion frame to reciprocate. The bulldozing assembly has multiple adjustable units and is connected to the propulsion frame via a linkage mechanism to convert the movement of the propulsion frame into the rotation of the bulldozing assembly.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the lifting unit includes: An inclined support frame is mounted on the machine frame and has two sets of rotatable drive rollers arranged at intervals. A drive motor is fixedly mounted on the inclined support frame, and its output shaft is connected to one of the drive rollers; and A conveyor belt is fitted on two sets of drive rollers, with one end of the belt positioned above the soil storage hopper. Multiple sets of lifting plates are arranged at intervals on the surface of the conveyor belt.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, two sets of partitions are spaced apart on the inclined support frame, and the conveyor belt is disposed between the two sets of partitions.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the drive mechanism includes: A reciprocating lead screw is rotatably mounted on the frame along its axis; The connecting seat is fixedly mounted on the soil storage hopper and screwed to the reciprocating screw; and The first belt drive mechanism is connected to the reciprocating screw and one of the sets of drive rollers.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the propulsion mechanism includes: A positioning rod is mounted on the pusher frame and slidably mounted on the frame along its axis; and The drive rod is hinged at one end to the midpoint of the soil storage hopper and at the other end to the midpoint of the propulsion frame.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the frame is provided with multiple sets of first casters, and both ends of the push frame are provided with support rods, with second casters provided at the ends of the support rods.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the bulldozing assembly includes a mounting plate disposed on the propulsion frame, and a scraper is disposed at the bottom of the mounting plate.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the linkage mechanism includes: Multiple sets of mounting cylinders are provided, and each set is rotatably mounted on the push frame. The mounting cylinders are equipped with mounting rods that can be raised and lowered, and the bottom of the mounting rods is equipped with mounting frames. The first gear is vertically and rotatably mounted on the push frame, and the end of the mounting cylinder is rotatably mounted on the first gear; A second gear, mounted on the mounting bracket and connected to the bulldozer assembly, meshes with the first gear; and A transmission assembly is disposed on the drive rod and connected to the plurality of mounting cylinders to convert the rotation of the drive rod into driving the rotation of the plurality of mounting cylinders.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the transmission assembly includes: The third gear is located at the hinge point of the drive rod on the propulsion frame; A drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the push frame and connected to multiple sets of mounting cylinders via a second belt drive mechanism; and A fourth gear is mounted on the transmission shaft and meshes with the third gear. The fourth gear has fewer teeth than the third gear.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the first gear is provided with a connecting rod, which is vertically and flexibly mounted on the push frame. Multiple sets of the connecting rods are connected through the connecting frame. The push frame is also provided with a telescopic cylinder, the output shaft of which is connected to the connecting frame.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The equipment is fixed to the ground during use. Excavated topsoil is dumped onto a lifting unit by a vehicle, which then transfers the soil into a storage hopper. The sloping design within the hopper allows soil to drain from the outlet. A drive mechanism converts the lifting unit's power into the hopper's reciprocating motion, evenly spreading the soil along a line on the ground. A propulsion mechanism further converts the hopper's movement into the reciprocating motion of a propulsion frame. During this movement, a linkage mechanism drives a bulldozing component to rotate, smoothing and spreading the soil onto a flat surface. This effectively prevents soil compaction by vehicles during transport, resulting in looser soil and ensuring optimal environmental remediation. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the specific embodiments will be briefly described below. In all the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0019] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a surface soil retention device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of a surface soil retention device according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overhead side structure of the smoothing unit in a surface soil retention device according to the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Top view; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the smoothing unit in a surface soil retention device according to the present invention; Figure label: 1. Frame; 2. First universal wheel; 3. Inclined support frame; 4. Partition plate; 5. Drive roller; 6. Conveyor belt; 7. Drive motor; 8. Soil hopper; 9. Inclined surface; 10. Soil outlet; 11. Connecting seat; 12. Reciprocating lead screw; 13. First belt drive mechanism; 14. Push frame; 15. Positioning rod; 16. Drive rod; 17. Third gear; 18. Support rod; 19. Second universal wheel; 20. Drive shaft; 21. Fourth gear; 22. Mounting cylinder; 23. Second belt drive mechanism; 24. Mounting rod; 25. Mounting frame; 26. Second gear; 27. Mounting plate; 28. Scraper; 29. ​​Connecting rod; 30. First gear; 31. Connecting frame; 32. Telescopic cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present invention based on the above application content.

[0021] Example: like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the present invention provides a surface soil retention device, including a frame 1, a lifting unit and a smoothing unit on the frame 1, the lifting unit including an inclined support frame 3 on the frame 1, two sets of rotatable drive rollers 5 arranged at intervals on the inclined support frame 3, a drive motor 7 fixedly installed on the inclined support frame 3, the output shaft of the drive motor 7 being connected to one of the sets of drive rollers 5, a conveyor belt 6 sleeved on the two sets of drive rollers 5, and multiple sets of lifting plates arranged at intervals on the surface of the conveyor belt 6.

[0022] During open-pit excavation, the excavated topsoil is moved into a transport vehicle, which then transfers and dumps the soil onto the conveyor belt 6. The drive motor 7 controls the rotation of the drive roller 5 to move the conveyor belt 6, and the lifting plate lifts the soil. Two sets of partitions 4 are arranged at intervals on the inclined support frame 3, and the conveyor belt 6 is placed between the two sets of partitions 4, which can effectively prevent the soil from scattering onto the ground.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the smoothing unit includes a soil storage hopper 8 that can slide laterally and is disposed at the output end of the lifting unit. The bottom of the soil storage hopper 8 has a soil outlet 10, and the inner side of the soil storage hopper 8 has an inclined surface 9 facing the soil outlet 10. One end of the conveyor belt 6 is located above the soil storage hopper 8. The lifting unit is equipped with a drive mechanism connected to the soil storage hopper 8, which converts the power of the lifting unit into driving the soil storage hopper 8 to slide back and forth. The drive mechanism includes a reciprocating screw 12 that is rotatably disposed on the frame 1. A connecting seat 11 is fixed on the soil storage hopper 8, and the connecting seat 11 is screwed to the reciprocating screw 12. The reciprocating screw 12 and one set of drive rollers 5 are connected through a first belt transmission mechanism 13.

[0024] After being transported by the conveyor belt 6, the topsoil falls into the soil storage hopper 8 and is guided by the inner inclined surface 9 of the soil storage hopper 8 to fall out from the outlet 10. During the process of the drive motor 7 controlling the drive roller 5 to rotate, the drive roller 5 controls the reciprocating screw 12 to rotate through the first belt transmission mechanism 13. In turn, through the cooperation with the connecting seat 11, the soil storage hopper 8 is driven to slide laterally back and forth, so that the soil is arranged laterally in a line, which is convenient for the subsequent spreading of the soil.

[0025] like Figure 1 , 4 As shown, in this embodiment, a pusher frame 14 is slidably arranged on the frame 1 in a direction perpendicular to the soil storage hopper 8. The soil storage hopper 8 and the pusher frame 14 are connected by a pusher mechanism. The pusher mechanism converts the sliding of the soil storage hopper 8 into the reciprocating sliding of the pusher frame 14. The pusher mechanism includes a positioning rod 15 arranged on the pusher frame 14. The positioning rod 15 is slidably arranged on the frame 1 along its axis. One end of the drive rod 16 is hinged to the midpoint of the soil storage hopper 8, and the other end is hinged to the midpoint of the pusher frame 14.

[0026] The movement of the pusher frame 14 is positioned by the positioning rod 15, so that the pusher frame 14 can only slide in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the soil storage hopper 8. The arrangement of the drive rod 16 allows the soil storage hopper 8 to control the reciprocating sliding of the pusher frame 14 during the sliding process. Multiple sets of first universal wheels 2 are provided at the bottom of the frame 1. Support rods 18 are provided at both ends of the pusher frame 14, and second universal wheels 19 are provided at the ends of the support rods 18. The equipment can be transported by the first universal wheels 2, and the pusher frame 14 is supported by the cooperation of the support rods 18 and the second universal wheels 19, so as to avoid the pusher frame 14 tilting due to uneven force.

[0027] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the propulsion frame 14 is equipped with multiple sets of liftable bulldozing components connected by a linkage mechanism. The linkage mechanism converts the movement of the propulsion frame 14 into the rotation of the bulldozing components. Each bulldozing component includes a mounting plate 27 mounted on the propulsion frame 14, with a scraper 28 at the bottom of the mounting plate 27. The linkage mechanism includes multiple sets of rotatable mounting cylinders 22 mounted on the propulsion frame 14. A mounting rod 24 is rotatably mounted inside each mounting cylinder 22, and a mounting frame 25 is located at the bottom of the mounting rod 24. A first gear 30 is rotatably mounted on the propulsion frame 14, and the end of the mounting cylinder 22 is rotatably mounted on the first gear 30. A second gear 26 is also mounted on the mounting frame 25, and the bulldozing component is connected to the bottom of the second gear 26, which meshes with the first gear 30.

[0028] A transmission assembly connected to multiple sets of mounting cylinders 22 is provided on the drive rod 16. The transmission assembly converts the rotation of the drive rod 16 into the rotation of the multiple sets of mounting cylinders 22. The transmission assembly includes a third gear 17 located at the hinge point of the drive rod 16 on the push frame 14. A drive shaft 20 is rotatably mounted on the push frame 14, and the drive shaft 20 is connected to the multiple sets of mounting cylinders 22 via a second belt drive mechanism 23. A fourth gear 21 is provided on the drive shaft 20, which meshes with the third gear 17. The number of teeth on the fourth gear 21 is less than that on the third gear 17.

[0029] During the reciprocating sliding of the propulsion frame 14 controlled by the drive rod 16, the end of the drive rod 16 rotates relative to the propulsion frame 14, thereby causing the third gear 17 to rotate on the propulsion frame 14. During rotation, the third gear 17 can drive the transmission shaft 20 to rotate through meshing with the fourth gear 21. The transmission shaft 20, in turn, drives multiple sets of mounting cylinders 22 to rotate via multiple sets of second belt drive mechanisms 23. The mounting cylinders 22, in turn, drive the mounting rod 24 to rotate, thereby driving the mounting frame 25 to rotate. The first gear 30 is liftable and cannot rotate. During rotation, the mounting frame 25 can drive multiple sets of mounting plates 27 to revolve, and under the meshing action of the first gear 30 and the second gear 26, it drives the mounting plates 27 to rotate. This, in turn, causes the scraper 28 at the bottom of the mounting plate 27 to rotate, thus flattening and evenly spreading the soil below the soil hopper 8. Furthermore, the scraper 28 makes the soil looser, preventing any impact on the ecological treatment effect of the soil.

[0030] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, a connecting rod 29 is provided on the first gear 30. The connecting rod 29 is vertically movably mounted on the push frame 14. Multiple sets of connecting rods 29 are connected by a connecting frame 31. A telescopic cylinder 32 is also provided on the push frame 14, and the output shaft of the telescopic cylinder 32 is connected to the connecting frame 31. The first gear 30 is positioned by the connecting rod 29 and cannot rotate, allowing it to rise and fall synchronously with the mounting frame 25. By controlling the telescopic cylinder 32 to extend and retract, the connecting frame 31 can be raised and lowered, thereby enabling multiple sets of bulldozing components to rise and fall synchronously. This facilitates gradually increasing the working height of the bulldozing components according to the thickness of the soil accumulation, improving the efficiency of soil spreading.

[0031] Specific usage and beneficial effects of the present invention: The equipment is fixed to the ground during use. Excavated topsoil is dumped onto the lifting unit by a vehicle, and then transferred to the storage hopper 8. The inclined surface 9 within the storage hopper 8 allows soil to leak out from the outlet 10. A drive mechanism converts the power of the lifting unit into the reciprocating motion of the storage hopper 8, evenly spreading the soil along a line on the ground. A propulsion mechanism can also convert the sliding of the storage hopper 8 into the reciprocating motion of the propulsion frame 14. During its movement, the propulsion frame 14, through a linkage mechanism, drives the rotation of the bulldozing components to smooth and spread the soil onto a flat surface. This effectively prevents the soil from being compacted by vehicles during transport, while also making the soil looser, ensuring its effectiveness in subsequent environmental remediation.

[0032] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above. Modifications or improvements can be made to the present invention, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A surface soil retention device, characterized in that, The system includes a frame (1), on which a lifting unit and a smoothing unit are provided, the smoothing unit comprising: The soil storage hopper (8) is slidably disposed at the output end of the lifting unit, and a soil outlet (10) is provided at its bottom. The inner side of the soil storage hopper (8) is provided with an inclined surface (9) facing the soil outlet (10). A drive mechanism is provided on the lifting unit and connected to the soil storage hopper (8) to convert the power of the lifting unit into the power to drive the soil storage hopper (8) to slide back and forth. The pusher frame (14) is slidably mounted on the frame (1) in a direction perpendicular to the soil storage hopper (8). The soil storage hopper (8) and the pusher frame (14) are connected by a pusher mechanism, which converts the sliding of the soil storage hopper (8) into driving the pusher frame (14) to slide back and forth. and The bulldozing assembly is provided in multiple sets that can be raised and lowered, and is connected to the push frame (14) through a linkage mechanism to convert the movement of the push frame (14) into driving the bulldozing assembly to rotate.

2. The surface soil retention device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting unit includes: An inclined support frame (3) is set on the frame (1) and has two sets of rotatable drive rollers (5) arranged at intervals. A drive motor (7) is fixedly mounted on the inclined support frame (3), and its output shaft is connected to one of the drive rollers (5); and The conveyor belt (6) is fitted on two sets of drive rollers (5), and one end of it is located above the soil storage hopper (8). Multiple sets of lifting plates are arranged at intervals on the surface of the conveyor belt (6).

3. The surface soil retention device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two sets of partitions (4) are arranged at intervals on the inclined support frame (3), and the conveyor belt (6) is arranged between the two sets of partitions (4).

4. The surface soil retention device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving mechanism includes: A reciprocating lead screw (12) is rotatably mounted on the frame (1) along its axis; The connecting seat (11) is fixedly mounted on the soil storage hopper (8) and screwed to the reciprocating screw (12); and The first belt drive mechanism (13) is connected to the reciprocating screw (12) and one of the drive rollers (5).

5. A surface soil retention device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The propulsion mechanism includes: A positioning rod (15) is mounted on the pusher frame (14) and slidably mounted on the frame (1) along its axis; and The drive rod (16) is hinged at one end to the midpoint of the soil storage hopper (8) and at the other end to the midpoint of the push frame (14).

6. The topsoil retention device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the frame (1) is provided with multiple sets of first universal wheels (2), and both ends of the push frame (14) are provided with support rods (18), and the ends of the support rods (18) are provided with second universal wheels (19).

7. A surface soil retention device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bulldozing assembly includes a mounting plate (27) disposed on the pusher frame (14), and a scraper (28) is disposed at the bottom of the mounting plate (27).

8. A surface soil retention device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The linkage mechanism includes: The mounting cylinder (22) is provided in multiple sets, all of which are rotatably mounted on the push frame (14). The mounting cylinder (22) is provided with a mounting rod (24) that can be raised and lowered, and the bottom of the mounting rod (24) is provided with a mounting frame (25). The first gear (30) is vertically mounted on the pusher frame (14), and the end of the mounting cylinder (22) is rotatably mounted on the first gear (30); The second gear (26) is mounted on the mounting bracket (25) and connected to the bulldozer assembly. The second gear (26) meshes with the first gear (30). A transmission assembly is disposed on the drive rod (16) and connected to multiple sets of mounting cylinders (22) to convert the rotation of the drive rod (16) into driving the rotation of multiple sets of mounting cylinders (22).

9. A topsoil retention device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes: The third gear (17) is disposed at the hinge of the drive rod (16) on the pusher frame (14); A drive shaft (20) is rotatably mounted on the pusher frame (14) and connected to multiple sets of mounting cylinders (22) via a second belt drive mechanism (23); and The fourth gear (21) is mounted on the transmission shaft (20) and meshes with the third gear (17). The fourth gear (21) has fewer teeth than the third gear (17).

10. A topsoil retention device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first gear (30) is provided with a connecting rod (29), which is elliptical and can be mounted on the push frame (14). Multiple sets of the connecting rods (29) are connected by the connecting frame (31). The push frame (14) is also provided with a telescopic cylinder (32), and the output shaft of the telescopic cylinder (32) is connected to the connecting frame (31).

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