Plunger pump capable of automatically rotating and centering plunger

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of plunger pumps, and particularly discloses a plunger pump capable of automatically rotating and centering a plunger, which comprises a fluid end and a power end, the power end comprises a middle rod and a transmission assembly for driving the middle rod to move, the fluid end is connected with a plunger part, and the middle rod is fixedly provided with a connecting frame; a universal structure is arranged at the end, fixed to the connecting frame, of the middle rod, the part, away from the middle rod, of the universal structure is connected with the plunger piece, and the universal structure comprises a thrust self-aligning bearing outer ring fixed to the middle rod. The plunger part and the middle rod in the plunger pump are connected through the universal structure, huge thrust needed by pressurization can be transmitted, clamping stagnation of the plunger part at the hydraulic end is avoided, it is guaranteed that the plunger part rotates easily in the using process, hard particles can be prevented from repeatedly scraping the same portion of the plunger part, and the service life of the plunger pump is prolonged. And meanwhile, the plunger part can achieve self-aligning deflection through the magnetic adjusting assembly, and automatic centering adjustment of the plunger part and the connecting structure is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of plunger pumps, and particularly discloses a plunger pump with automatic plunger rotation and centering. BACKGROUND

[0002] The plunger pump is a reciprocating volume pump commonly used in the industrial field and is widely applied to the fields of water injection, hydraulic pressure and pressure boosting. The plunger pump is mainly divided into a power end and a hydraulic end. The power end converts the rotary motion into reciprocating linear motion through a crank connecting rod mechanism, thereby driving the plunger to reciprocate in the hydraulic end, realizing the volume change of the hydraulic end cavity and the pressure boosting function. When the plunger is pushed into the hydraulic end, the volume of the hydraulic end cavity becomes smaller, and the internal medium pressure is increased. At this time, the inlet valve is closed, and the outlet valve is opened due to the pressure difference, thereby realizing the pressure boosting and liquid injection. When the plunger runs in the opposite direction, the volume of the hydraulic end cavity becomes larger, and the internal medium pressure is reduced. At this time, the outlet valve is closed, and the inlet valve is opened, thereby realizing the liquid injection.

[0003] The reciprocating plunger is one of the main wearing parts of the plunger pump, and the service life and reliability of the plunger have a crucial effect on the system operation. The scraping of hard particles and the plunger eccentric wear are two important factors affecting the service life of the plunger.

[0004] When the liquid medium contains hard particles, the hard particles will be stuck between the packing and the plunger, and the hard particles will repeatedly scrape the same part of the plunger, so that the scratches on the surface of the plunger are continuously deepened, thereby causing the medium to leak from between the packing and the plunger, and finally causing the plunger to fail, increasing the frequency of replacement of the packing and the plunger. When the plunger or the cross head is not properly installed, the settlement of the cross head wear will cause the eccentric motion of the intermediate rod and the plunger. At this time, the plunger will be eccentrically worn, thereby accelerating the speed of the plunger eccentric wear and significantly reducing the service life of the plunger and the packing. For the plunger pump with large flow, the diameter of the plunger is large, and the sealing area is large. As long as any part of the plunger is worn, the sealing surface of the plunger will be invalid, thereby causing the entire plunger to be replaced, greatly increasing the maintenance cost. Meanwhile, the plunger of the plunger pump with large flow is more prone to eccentric wear due to the greater weight of the cross head.

[0005] In order to solve the problem that the hard particles in the pressurized medium can cause damage to the plunger, by using the angle of rotation of the plunger, the repeated scraping of the hard particles on the same position of the plunger can be effectively alleviated, thereby effectively improving the service life of the plunger. For example, in the existing patent CN202310433374.1, a connecting rod and a crank assembly are connected through a universal coupling, a servo motor and a gear are used in cooperation with the plunger, so as to drive the plunger to rotate. This method can indeed solve the above problems in actual use, but it needs to be driven by external power to realize the rotation of the plunger, which requires high control of external force, and there is also axial sliding friction in the process of gear meshing and rotating, which is easy to damage the transmission structure.

[0006] In order to solve the problem of plunger eccentric wear, the existing technical means is to adopt the design of automatic centering of the plunger. The basic principle is to use the spherical surface connection between the plunger and the intermediate rod. For example, in the existing patent 200510049904.4, a spherical sliding assembly is arranged between the connecting rod and the plunger. However, this method has the following problems: first, the spherical sliding assembly in this method is completely pressed by the pressing ring and the snap ring to realize the complete fixed connection of the plunger and the intermediate rod, which causes the movement interference between the snap ring, the plunger and the pressing ring when the plunger rotates along the spherical surface, and easily causes damage to the parts and limits the adjustable angle. In addition, the spherical sliding assembly needs to transmit a large axial thrust during operation, which will cause wear of the spherical contact surface after a long time of operation, and thus lose the function of automatic centering. SUMMARY

[0007] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a plunger pump with automatic rotation and centering of the plunger to solve the above problems.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a plunger pump with automatic rotation and centering of the plunger, which comprises a hydraulic end and a power end. The power end comprises an intermediate rod and a transmission assembly for driving the movement of the intermediate rod. The hydraulic end is connected with a plunger. The intermediate rod is fixed with a connecting frame. The intermediate rod and the connecting frame are fixed with a universal structure at one end. The part of the universal structure away from the intermediate rod is connected with the plunger. The universal structure comprises a thrust self-aligning bearing outer ring fixed on the intermediate rod. The plunger and the thrust self-aligning bearing outer ring are fixed with a thrust self-aligning bearing inner ring at opposite ends. The thrust self-aligning bearing outer ring and the thrust self-aligning bearing inner ring are embedded with thrust self-aligning bearing rollers. The inside of the connecting frame is fixed with a limiting assembly. The limiting assembly and the plunger are connected with a magnetic force adjusting assembly. The magnetic force adjusting assembly is used to adjust the axial thrust of the plunger. The end of the plunger and the hydraulic end is fixed with a guide vane, the guide vane is used to drive the plunger to rotate on the connecting frame, and the contact surface adjustment of the plunger and the hard particles in the hydraulic end is realized.

[0009] In the above technical scheme, further, the limiting assembly includes an inner magnetic shoe support fixed to the inner wall of the connecting frame, a support sleeve is embedded between the inner magnetic shoe support and the intermediate rod, the axis of the support sleeve coincides with the axis of the intermediate rod, the side of the inner magnetic shoe support close to the intermediate rod is fixed with an anti-collision inner ring, and the anti-collision outer ring is abutted on the anti-collision inner ring.

[0010] In the above technical scheme, further, the magnetic force adjusting assembly includes an outer magnetic shoe support fixed to the plunger, the anti-collision outer ring abutting on the anti-collision inner ring and the outer magnetic shoe support are fixed, the side of the outer magnetic shoe support away from the anti-collision outer ring is abutted with a second stop ring, and the second stop ring is fixed to the plunger.

[0011] In the above technical scheme, further, the side of the outer magnetic shoe support close to the inner magnetic shoe support is provided with a concave surface, the concave surface of the outer magnetic shoe support is fixed with an outer magnetic ring, the opposite surface of the inner magnetic shoe support and the outer magnetic shoe support is provided with a convex surface, the convex surface of the inner magnetic shoe support is fixed with an inner magnetic ring, and the magnetic poles of the inner magnetic ring and the outer magnetic ring repel each other.

[0012] In the above technical scheme, further, the outer magnetic ring is fixed with a first fixing sleeve, the first fixing sleeve is fixedly connected with the outer magnetic shoe support, the inner magnetic ring is fixed with a second fixing sleeve, and the second fixing sleeve is fixed with the inner magnetic shoe support.

[0013] In the above technical scheme, further, the plunger is fixed with a first stop ring, and the first stop ring is abutted with the inner ring of the thrust aligning bearing.

[0014] In the above technical scheme, further, the opposite surfaces of the outer magnetic ring and the inner magnetic ring are provided with tapered surfaces, the opposite surfaces of the inner magnetic ring and the outer magnetic ring are also provided with tapered surfaces, and the magnetization directions of the outer magnetic ring and the inner magnetic ring are opposite.

[0015] In the above technical scheme, further, the opposite surface of the anti-collision outer ring close to the anti-collision inner ring is provided with a tapered surface, the opposite surface of the anti-collision inner ring close to the anti-collision outer ring is also provided with a tapered surface, the tapered surface angle of the anti-collision outer ring is the same as the tapered surface angle of the anti-collision inner ring, and the anti-collision outer ring and the anti-collision inner ring are abutted.

[0016] In the above technical scheme, further, the first fixing sleeve and the second fixing sleeve are non-magnetic, the first fixing sleeve and the second fixing sleeve are annular structures, and the outer magnetic ring and the inner magnetic ring are not in contact.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The plunger part and the intermediate rod in the plunger pump are connected by a universal structure, which can not only transmit the huge thrust required for pressurization, but also can ensure the plunger part to rotate freely in use, and can avoid the repeated scraping of the same part of the plunger part by hard particles, and the plunger part can be automatically centered and adjusted by the magnetic force adjusting assembly.

[0018] 2. The plunger part and the intermediate rod in the plunger pump are connected with a magnetic force adjusting assembly, which can transmit thrust through magnetic field in space, and the magnetic force adjusting assembly is used in cooperation with the universal structure, which can realize the free rotation of the plunger part along the central axis under very low resistance, and can make the plunger part deflect smoothly and at a large angle on the intermediate rod when the plunger part is deflected, so as to facilitate the automatic centering and adjustment of the plunger part.

[0019] 3. The plunger part in the plunger pump is provided with a guide vane, which can provide the plunger part with a rotating force through the guide vane when the plunger part reciprocates, so that the plunger part can rotate automatically without the need of introducing external power, and the scraping part of the plunger part can be quickly adjusted.

[0020] 4. The plunger pump is provided with a collision-preventing inner ring and a collision-preventing outer ring, which can prevent the inner magnetic ring from colliding with the outer magnetic ring when the plunger part is stuck, realize the magnetic repulsion between the inner magnetic ring and the outer magnetic ring, and drive the plunger part to be pulled out from the hydraulic end, so as to facilitate the quick recovery of the plunger part to the normal state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a sectional view of the present application; Figure 2 is a connection structure diagram of the guide vane and the plunger part in the present application; Figure 3 is a penetration structure diagram of the plunger part and the connecting frame in the present application; Figure 4 is a distribution diagram of the outer magnetic shoe support and the inner magnetic shoe support in the present application; Figure 5 is a distribution diagram of the outer magnetic ring and the inner magnetic ring in the present application; Figure 6 is a connection structure diagram of the inner magnetic ring and the inner magnetic shoe support in the present application; Figure 7 is a connection structure diagram of the outer magnetic ring and the outer magnetic shoe support in the present application.

[0022] 1, hydraulic end; 2, power end; 3, intermediate rod; 4, plunger part; 5, connecting frame; 6, guide vane; 7, thrust aligning bearing outer ring; 8, thrust aligning bearing inner ring; 9, thrust aligning bearing roller; 10, first check ring; 11, outer magnetic shoe support; 12, second check ring; 13, support sleeve; 14, inner magnetic shoe support; 15, outer magnetic ring; 16, inner magnetic ring; 17, first fixed sleeve; 18, second fixed sleeve; 19, anti-collision inner ring; 20, anti-collision outer ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to enable the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application to be more clearly understood, the following further describes the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0025] Embodiment one: please refer to Figures 1-7 The present application provides a technical solution as shown: The present application is a plunger pump with automatic rotation and centering of the plunger, comprising a hydraulic end 1 and a power end 2, the power end 2 comprising an intermediate rod 3 and a transmission assembly for driving the intermediate rod 3 to move, the hydraulic end 1 being connected with a plunger part 4, the intermediate rod 3 being fixed with a connecting frame 5, the intermediate rod 3 and the fixed end of the connecting frame 5 being provided with a universal structure, the part of the universal structure away from the intermediate rod 3 being connected with the plunger part 4; The universal structure comprises a thrust aligning bearing outer ring 7 fixed on the intermediate rod 3, the plunger part 4 being fixed with a thrust aligning bearing inner ring 8 at the opposite end of the thrust aligning bearing outer ring 7, and a thrust aligning bearing roller 9 being embedded between the thrust aligning bearing outer ring 7 and the thrust aligning bearing inner ring 8; The inside of the connecting frame 5 is fixed with a limiting assembly, the limiting assembly and the plunger part 4 being connected with a magnetic force adjusting assembly, the magnetic force adjusting assembly being used for adjusting the axial thrust of the plunger part 4; The transmission assembly for driving the intermediate rod 3 to move comprises a transmission motor available on the market, the output shaft of the transmission motor being fixedly connected with the plunger pump crankshaft through a shaft coupling, the intermediate rod 3 being driven to move through the connecting rod mechanism on the crankshaft, and the intermediate rod 3 driving the plunger part 4 to move on the hydraulic end 1 through the limiting assembly; The hydraulic end 1 is a component for conveying liquid medium in the existing plunger pump, which belongs to the known technology and will not be described in detail here; The plunger part 4 is fixed with a guide vane 6 at the end penetrating the hydraulic end 1, the guide vane 6 being used for driving the plunger part 4 to rotate on the connecting frame 5, so as to adjust the contact surface of the plunger part 4 and the hard particles inside the hydraulic end 1; When the transmission assembly drives the plunger 4 to move inside the hydraulic end 1 through the intermediate rod 3, the liquid medium inside the hydraulic end 1 will contact the guide vane 6, and the liquid medium flowing inside the hydraulic end 1 will drive the plunger 4 to rotate through the guide vane 6, thereby realizing the adjustment of the contact surface between the plunger 4 and the hard particles, and avoiding the repeated abrasion of the same part of the plunger 4 by the hard particles in the liquid medium. When the guide vane 6 drives the plunger 4 to rotate, the plunger 4 can drive the thrust self-aligning bearing roller 9 on the thrust self-aligning bearing outer ring 7 to rotate through the thrust self-aligning bearing inner ring 8, so that the plunger 4 can stably rotate on the hydraulic end 1. Embodiment two: please refer to Figures 1-7 As shown, based on the basis of embodiment one, the application provides a technical solution, which is different from embodiment one, that is, the setting of the anti-collision inner ring 19 and the anti-collision outer ring 20 in the embodiment can avoid the situation that the axial magnetic force between the inner magnetic ring 16 and the outer magnetic ring 15 cannot pull the plunger 4 when the plunger 4 suddenly stops during operation, and can also avoid the mutual impact of the inner magnetic ring 16 and the outer magnetic ring 15, thereby playing a good protection role on the inner magnetic ring 16 and the outer magnetic ring 15, and facilitating the normal operation of the plunger 4 driven by the repulsive force between the inner magnetic ring 16 and the outer magnetic ring 15.

[0026] The limiting assembly comprises an inner magnetic shoe support 14 fixed to the inner wall of the connecting frame 5, and a support sleeve 13 is embedded between the inner magnetic shoe support 14 and the intermediate rod 3, and the axis of the support sleeve 13 coincides with the axis of the intermediate rod 3.

[0027] The magnetic force adjusting assembly comprises an outer magnetic shoe support 11 fixed to the plunger 4, and the anti-collision outer ring 20 abutting against the anti-collision inner ring 19 is fixed to the outer magnetic shoe support 11. The outer magnetic shoe support 11 is provided with a concave surface on the side close to the inner magnetic shoe support 14, and the outer magnetic ring 15 is fixed to the concave surface of the outer magnetic shoe support 11.

[0028] The first fixed sleeve 17 is fixed on the outer magnetic ring 15, and the first fixed sleeve 17 is fixedly connected with the outer magnetic shoe support 11; the second fixed sleeve 18 is fixed on the inner magnetic ring 16, and the second fixed sleeve 18 is fixedly connected with the inner magnetic shoe support 14; The support sleeve 13 is arranged inside the connecting frame 5 and between the intermediate rod 3 and the inner magnetic shoe support 14, so that the inner magnetic shoe support 14 is stably connected inside the connecting frame 5. The anti-collision inner ring 19 and the anti-collision outer ring 20 are arranged to avoid that the axial magnetic force between the inner magnetic ring 16 and the outer magnetic ring 15 cannot pull the plunger 4 when the plunger 4 suddenly jams during operation, and to avoid that the inner magnetic ring 16 and the outer magnetic ring 15 collide with each other, so that the inner magnetic ring 16 and the outer magnetic ring 15 are better protected, and the repulsive force between the inner magnetic ring 16 and the outer magnetic ring 15 can drive the plunger 4 to normally operate.

[0029] The first stop ring 10 is fixed on the plunger 4, and the first stop ring 10 abuts against the inner ring of the thrust self-aligning bearing 8, so that the inner ring of the thrust self-aligning bearing 8 is stably connected on the plunger 4.

[0030] The opposite side of the outer magnetic ring 15 and the inner magnetic ring 16 is provided with a tapered surface, and the opposite side of the inner magnetic ring 16 and the outer magnetic ring 15 is also provided with a tapered surface. The magnetization directions of the outer magnetic ring 15 and the inner magnetic ring 16 are opposite, so that there is a stable magnetic repulsive force between the outer magnetic ring 15 and the inner magnetic ring 16.

[0031] The anti-collision outer ring 20 is provided with a tapered surface on the side close to the anti-collision inner ring 19, and the anti-collision inner ring 19 is also provided with a tapered surface on the side close to the anti-collision outer ring 20. The tapered surface angle of the anti-collision outer ring 20 is the same as the tapered surface angle of the anti-collision inner ring 19, and the anti-collision outer ring 20 abuts against the anti-collision inner ring 19. As shown in Figure 5 The outer magnetic shoe support 11 is fixed on the plunger 4 through the second stop ring 12, the outer magnetic ring 15 is fixedly connected with the outer magnetic shoe support 11 through the first fixed sleeve 17, the material of the first fixed sleeve 17 is a non-magnetic material, such as aluminum alloy, or the outer magnetic ring 15 is directly fixed on the outer magnetic shoe support 11 by glue, and the installation of the first fixed sleeve 17 is omitted. The inner magnetic ring 16 and the outer magnetic ring 15 are tapered rings with angles, and the taper angles of the inner magnetic ring 16 and the outer magnetic ring 15 are the same. Figure 5 As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 The magnetization directions of the outer magnetic ring 15 and the inner magnetic ring 16 are perpendicular to the tapered surfaces, and the polarities of the outer magnetic ring 15 and the inner magnetic ring 16 are repulsive.

[0032] For ease of understanding, the perpendicular distance between the tapered surface of the inner magnetic ring 16 and the tapered surface of the outer magnetic ring 15 is H1, and the selection of the value of H1 and the tapered angle α1 requires the following: ① It is necessary to ensure that the repulsive force of the outer magnetic ring 15 from the inner magnetic ring 16 in the axial direction is greater than the resistance of the plunger 4 when the plunger 4 moves towards the power end 2 (the friction between the existing plunger pump packing and the plunger minus the thrust of the medium acting on the plunger), so as to ensure that the plunger 4 moves towards the power end 2, the inner magnetic ring 16 and the outer magnetic ring 15 are relatively fixed, thereby realizing the axial movement of the plunger 4. ② When the inner magnetic ring 16 rotates relative to the outer magnetic ring 15 along the center of the thrust aligning bearing outer ring 7, the inner magnetic ring 16 and the outer magnetic ring 15 will not collide, thereby realizing the aligning centering of the plunger 4 and the intermediate rod 3 in a larger space. The anti-collision inner ring 19 and the anti-collision outer ring 20 are coaxially arranged, the two faces closest to each other are tapered surfaces, the two tapered surfaces have the same tapered angle α2, and can be used as the mating surfaces when colliding. The perpendicular distance between the two mating tapered surfaces of the anti-collision inner ring 19 and the anti-collision outer ring 20 is H2, the selection of the tapered angle α2 is the same as that of the tapered angle α1, and the selection of H2 is to ensure that it is less than the thickness of the second fixed sleeve 18 covering the tapered surface of the inner magnetic ring 16 and the thickness of the first fixed sleeve 17 on the tapered surface of the outer magnetic ring 15, that is, to ensure that the distance between the anti-collision inner ring 19 and the anti-collision outer ring 20 is less than the distance between the second fixed sleeve 18 and the first fixed sleeve 17, so that when the plunger 4 is stuck at any position or at any angle, the anti-collision inner ring 19 and the anti-collision outer ring 20 can first contact to avoid collision between the inner magnetic ring 16 and the outer magnetic ring 15.

[0033] The first fixed sleeve 17 and the second fixed sleeve 18 are non-magnetic, and the first fixed sleeve 17 and the second fixed sleeve 18 are annular structures, and the outer magnetic ring 15 and the inner magnetic ring 16 do not contact. In actual use, the plunger 4, the outer magnetic shoe supporting piece 11, the thrust aligning bearing inner ring 8 and the thrust aligning bearing roller 9 can deflect along the track ball center of the thrust aligning bearing outer ring 7, thereby realizing automatic centering of the plunger 4. The deflection centering process only needs to overcome the sliding friction between the thrust aligning bearing outer ring 7 and the thrust aligning bearing roller 9. Since the magnetic force of the outer magnetic ring 15 and the inner magnetic ring 16 is used for non-contact transmission of tension, there is no part interference problem in the deflection process, and large-angle centering can be realized.

[0034] Working principle: the transmission assembly for driving the intermediate rod 3 to move includes a transmission motor that can be purchased on the market, the output shaft of the transmission motor is fixedly connected with the plunger pump crankshaft through a shaft coupling, and the intermediate rod 3 is driven to move through the connecting rod mechanism on the crankshaft, and the intermediate rod 3 drives the plunger 4 to move on the hydraulic end 1 through the limiting assembly. When the transmission assembly drives the plunger 4 to move inside the hydraulic end 1 through the intermediate rod 3, the liquid medium inside the hydraulic end 1 will contact the guide vane 6, and the liquid medium flowing inside the hydraulic end 1 will drive the plunger 4 to rotate through the guide vane 6, thereby the contact surface of the plunger 4 and the hard particles can be adjusted, and the hard particles in the liquid medium can avoid repeatedly wearing the same part of the plunger 4; When the guide vane 6 drives the plunger 4 to rotate, the plunger 4 can drive the thrust self-aligning bearing roller 9 on the thrust self-aligning bearing outer ring 7 to rotate through the thrust self-aligning bearing inner ring 8, so that the plunger 4 can stably rotate on the hydraulic end 1, and it should be noted that the thrust self-aligning bearing inner ring 8 can rotate in various directions on the thrust self-aligning bearing outer ring 7 through the thrust self-aligning bearing roller 9; The support sleeve 13 is arranged inside the connecting frame 5 and between the intermediate rod 3 and the inner magnetic shoe support 14, so that the inner magnetic shoe support 14 can be stably connected inside the connecting frame 5, the anti-collision inner ring 19 and the anti-collision outer ring 20 can avoid the axial magnetic force between the inner magnetic ring 16 and the outer magnetic ring 15 from pulling the plunger 4 when the plunger 4 suddenly stalls during operation, and the inner magnetic ring 16 and the outer magnetic ring 15 can be prevented from colliding with each other, so that the inner magnetic ring 16 and the outer magnetic ring 15 can be better protected, and the repulsive force between the inner magnetic ring 16 and the outer magnetic ring 15 can drive the plunger 4 to normally operate; In actual use, the plunger 4 can be deflected along the track ball center of the thrust self-aligning bearing outer ring 7, so that the plunger 4 can be automatically centered, and the deflection self-aligning process only needs to overcome the sliding friction between the thrust self-aligning bearing outer ring 7 and the thrust self-aligning bearing roller 9, and the deflection process does not exist component motion interference, so that large-angle self-aligning centering can be realized.

[0035] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed present application.

Claims

1. A plunger pump with automatic plunger rotation and alignment, comprising a hydraulic end (1) and a power end (2), characterized in that: The power end (2) includes an intermediate rod (3) and a transmission assembly for driving the intermediate rod (3) to move. A plunger (4) is connected to the hydraulic end (1). A connecting frame (5) is fixed on the intermediate rod (3). A universal structure is provided at one end of the intermediate rod (3) and the connecting frame (5). The part of the universal structure that is away from the intermediate rod (3) is connected to the plunger (4). The universal structure includes a thrust self-aligning bearing outer ring (7) fixed on the intermediate rod (3), a thrust self-aligning bearing inner ring (8) fixed at one end opposite to the plunger (4) and the thrust self-aligning bearing outer ring (7), and a thrust self-aligning bearing roller (9) embedded between the thrust self-aligning bearing outer ring (7) and the thrust self-aligning bearing inner ring (8). The connecting frame (5) has a fixed limiting component inside, and a magnetic adjustment component is connected between the limiting component and the plunger (4). The magnetic adjustment component is used to adjust the axial thrust of the plunger (4). A guide vane (6) is fixed at one end through which the plunger (4) and the hydraulic end (1) pass. The guide vane (6) is used to drive the plunger (4) to rotate on the connecting frame (5) to adjust the contact surface of the hard particles inside the plunger (4) and the hydraulic end (1).

2. The plunger pump with automatic plunger rotation and alignment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting component includes an inner magnetic boot support (14) fixed to the inner wall of the connecting frame (5). A support sleeve (13) is embedded between the inner magnetic boot support (14) and the intermediate rod (3). The axis of the support sleeve (13) coincides with the axis of the intermediate rod (3). An anti-collision inner ring (19) is fixed on the side of the inner magnetic boot support (14) near the intermediate rod (3). An anti-collision outer ring (20) abuts against the anti-collision inner ring (19).

3. A plunger pump with automatic plunger rotation and alignment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The magnetic force adjustment assembly includes an outer magnetic boot support (11) fixed on the plunger (4), an outer anti-collision ring (20) abutting on the inner anti-collision ring (19) and the outer magnetic boot support (11) are fixed, and a second retaining ring (12) abuts on the side of the outer magnetic boot support (11) away from the outer anti-collision ring (20), and the second retaining ring (12) is fixed on the plunger (4).

4. A plunger pump with automatic plunger rotation and alignment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer magnetic boot support (11) has a concave surface on the side near the inner magnetic boot support (14), and an outer magnetic ring (15) is fixed on the concave surface of the outer magnetic boot support (11). The inner magnetic boot support (14) and the outer magnetic boot support (11) have a convex surface on the opposite side, and an inner magnetic ring (16) is fixed on the convex surface of the inner magnetic boot support (14). The magnetic poles of the inner magnetic ring (16) and the outer magnetic ring (15) repel each other.

5. A plunger pump with automatic plunger rotation and alignment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer magnetic ring (15) is fixed with a first fixing sleeve (17), which is fixedly connected to the outer magnetic boot support (11). The inner magnetic ring (16) is fixed with a second fixing sleeve (18), which is fixed to the inner magnetic boot support (14).

6. A plunger pump with automatic plunger rotation and alignment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plunger (4) is fixed with a first retaining ring (10), which abuts against the inner ring (8) of the thrust self-aligning bearing.

7. A plunger pump with automatic plunger rotation and alignment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer magnetic ring (15) and the inner magnetic ring (16) have a conical surface on their opposite sides, and the inner magnetic ring (16) and the outer magnetic ring (15) also have a conical surface on their opposite sides. The magnetization directions of the outer magnetic ring (15) and the inner magnetic ring (16) are opposite.

8. A plunger pump with automatic plunger rotation and alignment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer anti-collision ring (20) has a conical surface on the side near the inner anti-collision ring (19), and the inner anti-collision ring (19) also has a conical surface on the side near the outer anti-collision ring (20). The conical angle of the outer anti-collision ring (20) is the same as that of the inner anti-collision ring (19), and the outer anti-collision ring (20) and the inner anti-collision ring (19) abut against each other.

9. A plunger pump with automatic plunger rotation and alignment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first fixing sleeve (17) and the second fixing sleeve (18) are both non-magnetic. The first fixing sleeve (17) and the second fixing sleeve (18) are both ring structures. The outer magnetic ring (15) and the inner magnetic ring (16) do not contact each other.

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