Tensile experiment device for metal rod piece

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tensile experiment devices, and particularly relates to a metal rod tensile experiment device which comprises a rack, a supporting table and a tensile assembly, the supporting table and the tensile assembly are installed on the rack, and a fixing assembly is arranged on the surface of the supporting table. By arranging the stretching assembly, when the sliding block ascends, a nylon rope can pull a piston ring to extrude air in a second empty bin to enter a first empty bin through a groove, so that a supporting rod is pushed to slide upwards, and an upward thrust is applied to the sliding block; according to the high-precision lead screw, the situation that the precision of the high-precision lead screw is reduced due to the fact that a threaded groove of the high-precision lead screw is damaged by downward force applied to the surface of the sliding block through a cross beam by a metal rod can be effectively prevented; and the connecting plate is lifted upwards, the connecting rod is pushed to be jacked upwards, and limiting on the groove is relieved, so that the high-precision lead screw is prevented from continuously driving the sliding block to slide downwards.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of tensile test devices, and particularly relates to a metal rod tensile test device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The tensile test is to fix two ends of a plate or rod sample on clamps of a device tensile mechanism, apply a tensile stress to the material at a certain speed, and make the material extend and deform under the axial tension until it breaks. During the process, the accuracy of the mechanical properties of the material is directly related to whether the stress direction is collimated, whether the temperature control is stable, and whether the material surface quality is good.

[0003] Through the setting of the liquid level observation window, the liquid level of the cabin body can be conveniently detected, and fuel can be conveniently and timely added. Two support rods are arranged above the base, and a lifting assembly is arranged on the two support rods. The lifting assembly is arranged as a tensile mechanism above the lifting assembly, and is arranged as a compression mechanism at the bottom of the lifting assembly. The lifting assembly realizes the functions of tension and compression. The preparation mechanism and the measurement mechanism are arranged on both sides of the base. The metal test piece to be stretched is measured and processed to improve the accuracy of the measurement data.

[0004] However, when the metal rod is subjected to the tensile test, the downward force of the metal rod acting on the surface of the lifting block damages the screw groove of the lead screw, thereby reducing the precision of the high-precision lead screw and reducing the accuracy of the tensile test of the metal rod. SUMMARY

[0005] The application aims to provide a metal rod tensile test device to solve the problems in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application provides the following technical scheme: a metal rod tensile test device, comprising a rack, a support table and a tensile assembly installed on the rack, the support table comprising a support platform and support columns vertically arranged at four corners of the support platform and in contact with the ground, the surface of the support table being provided with a fixing assembly, the tensile assembly comprising a sliding groove opened on the outer wall of one side of the rack and a speed reducer motor arranged in the interior of the rack, the interior of the sliding groove being slidably connected with a sliding block, the outer wall of one side of the sliding block being fixedly connected with a cross beam, and the cross beam and the support table both being provided with a fixing assembly.

[0007] Further, the driving mechanism comprises a connecting shaft arranged at one end of the speed reducer motor and a support structure mounted on the outer wall of the connecting shaft, a first steering gear is rotatably connected to the side of the connecting shaft away from the speed reducer motor, a transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the outer wall of one side of the first steering gear, and the transmission shaft is arranged on the surface of the first steering gear in a mounting mode parallel to the rotation of the bottom end of the rack, a second steering gear is rotatably connected to the side of the transmission shaft away from the first steering gear, and high-precision lead screws adapted to the sliders are arranged on the top end outer walls of the first steering gear and the second steering gear.

[0008] Further, the support structure comprises a winding disc arranged on the outer wall of the connecting shaft and a sleeve mounted on the rack in parallel with the high-precision lead screws, a first empty chamber is axially arranged in the center of the inside of the sleeve, a second empty chamber is arranged along the outer periphery of the first empty chamber in the inside of the sleeve, a support rod adapted to the slider is arranged in the inside of the first empty chamber, a piston ring is slidably connected in the inside of the second empty chamber, a nylon rope adapted to the winding disc is arranged on the surface close to the piston ring, a sealing element adapted to the nylon rope is arranged on the side of the sleeve close to the winding disc, a through groove connecting the first empty chamber and the second empty chamber is arranged on the side of the sleeve close to the winding disc, a blocking plate is slidably connected in the through groove, a groove is arranged on the outer edge of the blocking plate in the circumferential direction, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to one end of the blocking plate close to the winding disc, and one end of the connecting rod protrudes from the surface of the sleeve, and a connecting spring adapted to the blocking plate is arranged on the side of the through groove close to the winding disc.

[0009] Further, the support structure further comprises a damping rotating shaft arranged on the outer wall of the winding disc perpendicular to the center position of the sleeve and a connecting piece mounted on the inner wall of the rack, an inner connecting sleeve is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the damping rotating shaft, an outer connecting sleeve is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the inner connecting sleeve, a pawl is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the inner connecting sleeve, spring sheets adapted to the pawl are arranged on the outer wall of the inner connecting sleeve, a ratchet wheel adapted to the outer connecting sleeve is arranged on the inner wall of the outer connecting sleeve, a gear is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer connecting sleeve, a rack adapted to the gear is arranged on the inner wall of the connecting piece, a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end of the rack close to the sleeve, a connecting hole adapted to the connecting rod is arranged on one end of the connecting plate, and the diameter of the connecting hole is greater than the diameter of the connecting rod, and a first limiting block with a diameter greater than the connecting hole is fixedly connected to the connecting rod at a position close to the connecting hole.

[0010] Further, the fixing assembly comprises a fixing block mounted on the top surface of the support table, a fixing groove is formed at the center of the top end of the fixing block, an air chamber is formed at the position below the fixing groove in the interior of the fixing block, a reset spring is fixedly connected in the interior of the air chamber, a transmission block is slidably connected in the interior of the fixing groove, a fixing column is fixedly connected to the side of the transmission block close to the air chamber, one end of the fixing column extends into the interior of the air chamber, a piston plate matched with the reset spring is arranged at the end of the fixing column extending into the interior of the air chamber, a plurality of air grooves are arranged in the interior of the fixing block along the circumferential direction, an extrusion block is slidably connected to one end of the air groove close to the fixing groove, a connecting column is rotatably connected to the end of the extrusion block close to the fixing groove, an extrusion wheel is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting column, a first limiting spring is arranged along the circumferential direction on the inner periphery of one end of the connecting column, a second limiting block is fixedly connected to the end of the first limiting spring away from the interior of the connecting column, and a limiting groove matched with the second limiting block is arranged on the outer wall of the extrusion block along the circumferential direction with the connecting column as the center.

[0011] Further, the fixing assembly further comprises a buckle arranged at the bottom end of the piston plate, a clamping groove matched with the buckle is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom end of the air chamber, a pressing column is slidably connected to the position below the air chamber in the interior of the fixing block, a clamping block matched with the clamping groove is arranged on the outer wall of the end of the pressing column extending into the interior of the fixing block, and a second limiting spring matched with the pressing column is arranged in the interior of the fixing block.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] The present application has the following beneficial effects: BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic view of the present application;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic view of the present application high-precision screw rod and the cooperation of the sliding block;

[0016] Figure 3 Figure 3 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the first empty chamber and the second empty chamber of the present application in cooperation with each other;

[0017] Figure 4 Figure 4 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting piece and the rack of the present application in cooperation with each other;

[0018] Figure 5 Figure 5 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the fixed block of the present application in cooperation with each other;

[0019] Figure 6 Figure 6 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the second limiting block and the limiting groove of the present application in cooperation with each other;

[0020] Figure 7 Figure 7 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the buckle and the clamping block of the present application in cooperation with each other;

[0021] Figure 8 Figure 8 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the present application; Figure 3 Figure 9 is an enlarged structure schematic view of A in the present application;

[0022] Figure 9 Figure 10 is an enlarged structure schematic view of B in the present application; Figure 3 Figure 11 is an enlarged structure schematic view of C in the present application;

[0023] Figure 10 Figure 12 is an enlarged structure schematic view of D in the present application; Figure 4 Figure 13 is an enlarged structure schematic view of E in the present application;

[0024] Figure 11 Figure 14 is an enlarged structure schematic view of F in the present application. Figure 9

[0025] ​In the figure: 1, rack; 2, support table; 3, stretching assembly; 301, sliding groove; 302, deceleration motor; 303, connecting shaft; 304, first steering gear; 305, transmission shaft; 306, second steering gear; 307, high-precision screw rod; 308, sliding block; 309, cross beam; 310, sleeve; 311, first empty warehouse; 312, second empty warehouse; 313, support rod; 314, piston ring; 315, nylon rope; 316, through groove; 317, plugging plate; 318, groove; 319, connecting rod; 320, connecting spring; 321, sealing element; 322, winding disc; 323, first limiting block; 324, damping rotating shaft; 325, inner connecting sleeve; 326, outer connecting sleeve; 327, pawl; 328, spring sheet; 329, ratchet wheel; 330, gear; 331, connecting piece; 332, rack; 333, connecting plate; 334, connecting hole; 4, fixing assembly; 401, fixing block; 402, fixing groove; 403, air chamber; 404, reset spring; 405, transmission block; 406, fixed column; 407, piston plate; 408, air groove; 409, extrusion block; 410, connecting column; 411, extrusion wheel; 412, first limiting spring; 413, second limiting block; 414, limiting groove; 415, buckle; 416, clamping groove; 417, pressing column; 418, clamping block; 419, second limiting spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0027] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1-11The utility model provides a kind of metal rod piece tensile test device, including frame 1 and installation on frame 1 support platform 2 and tensile assembly 3, support platform 2 includes support platform, and support column is vertically arranged in the four corners of support platform and is in contact with ground, the surface of support platform 2 is provided with the fixed component 4 for fixing metal rod, and tensile assembly 3 includes the chute 301 being opened in the outer wall on one side of frame 1 and the reduction motor 302 being arranged in the inside of frame 1, the inside of chute 301 is slidably connected with sliding block 308, the outer wall on one side of sliding block 308 is fixedly connected with crossbeam 309, and crossbeam 309 is all provided with fixed component 4 on support platform 2, and reduction motor 302 is pushed sliding block 308 and crossbeam 309 to rise by drive mechanism, to carry out tensile test to metal rod piece, while being able to support sliding block 308, reduce the prestress of sliding block 308 to the downside.

[0029] When using, first, the two ends of the metal rod are fixed between the support platform 2 and the crossbeam 309 by the fixed component 4, then the external power supply is connected to start the reduction motor 302, the sliding block 308 is pushed to slide upward in the inside of the chute 301 by the drive mechanism, so as to push the crossbeam 309 to move upward and exert a pulling force on the metal rod, the drive mechanism pushes the sliding block 308 to rise while supporting the sliding block 308, to ensure the stability of the tension exerted on the metal rod by the crossbeam 309, and reduce the downward prestress of the sliding block 308, so as to effectively prevent the metal rod from damaging the screw groove of the high-precision screw rod 307 by the downward force exerted on the surface of the sliding block 308 through the crossbeam 309, thereby reducing the accuracy of the high-precision screw rod 307.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The drive mechanism includes a connecting shaft 303 arranged at one end of the reduction motor 302 and a support structure mounted on the outer wall of the connecting shaft 303, a first steering gear 304 is rotatably connected to the side of the connecting shaft 303 away from the reduction motor 302, a transmission shaft 305 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of one side of the first steering gear 304, and the transmission shaft 305 is arranged on the surface of the first steering gear 304 in a mounting manner rotating parallel to the bottom end of the frame 1, a second steering gear 306 is rotatably connected to the side of the transmission shaft 305 away from the first steering gear 304, and the top end outer wall of the first steering gear 304 and the second steering gear 306 is provided with a high-precision screw rod 307 matched with the sliding block 308.

[0031] In use, an external power source is connected to start the deceleration motor 302, which drives the first steering gear 304 through the connecting shaft 303, and enables the second steering gear 306 to work synchronously when the first steering gear 304 works through the transmission shaft 305, so that the two groups of high-precision lead screws 307 can rotate synchronously, and the rotation of the slider 308 and the high-precision lead screw 307 is converted into the linear motion of the slider 308 in the sliding groove 301, so as to push the cross beam 309 to move upward and exert a pulling force on the metal rod.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 11 , the support structure includes a winding disc 322 arranged on the outer wall of the connecting shaft 303 and a sleeve 310 installed on the rack 1 and parallel to the high-precision lead screw 307, the inside of the sleeve 310 is axially arranged along the central position of the first empty warehouse 311, the inside of the sleeve 310 is arranged along the outer periphery of the first empty warehouse 311 The second empty warehouse 312 is arranged in the inside of the first empty warehouse 311, and the support rod 313 matched with the slider 308 is arranged in the inside of the first empty warehouse 311, the piston ring 314 is slidably connected in the inside of the second empty warehouse 312, the surface close to the piston ring 314 is provided with the nylon rope 315 matched with the winding disc 322, the side close to the winding disc 322 of the sleeve 310 is provided with the sealing element 321 matched with the nylon rope 315, the side close to the winding disc 322 of the sleeve 310 is provided with the through groove 316 connected with the first empty warehouse 311 and the second empty warehouse 312, the through groove 316 is slidably connected with the blocking plate 317, the outer edge of the blocking plate 317 is provided with the groove 318 in the circumferential direction, the end close to the winding disc 322 of the blocking plate 317 is fixedly connected with the connecting rod 319, and one end of the connecting rod 319 protrudes out of the surface of the sleeve 310, the side close to the winding disc 322 of the through groove 316 is provided with the connecting spring 320 matched with the blocking plate 317.

[0033] When in use, the reduction motor 302 works to drive the connecting shaft 303 to rotate anticlockwise and push the sliding block 308 to move upwards through the high-precision screw rod 307, so that the connecting shaft 303 can drive the winding disc 322 to rotate synchronously and wind the nylon rope 315, in the process of winding the nylon rope 315, one end of the nylon rope 315 can pull the piston ring 314 to slide downwards in the second empty chamber 312 and extrude the air in the second empty chamber 312, after the air in the second empty chamber 312 is extruded, it will enter the inside of the through groove 316, so as to lift the blocking plate 317 upwards and pull the connecting spring 320, through the upward sliding of the blocking plate 317 in the through groove 316, the recess 318 is released, at this time, the air in the through groove 316 can pass through the surface of the blocking plate 317 through the recess 318 and enter the inside of the first empty chamber 311, the air pressure in the first empty chamber 311 increases and pushes the supporting rod 313 to slide upwards, so as to exert an upward thrust on the sliding block 308, so as to effectively prevent the metal rod from damaging the screw groove of the high-precision screw rod 307 through the horizontal beam 309 to exert a downward force on the surface of the sliding block 308, which can cause the precision of the high-precision screw rod 307 to be reduced, when the sliding block 308 stops rising, the winding disc 322 also stops winding the nylon rope 315, at this time, the connecting spring 320 pulls the blocking plate 317 to reset and re-limits the recess 318, preventing the air in the first empty chamber 311 from flowing back into the second empty chamber 312, at the same time, the sealing element 321 can ensure the sealing property of the connection between the sleeve 310 and the nylon rope 315, preventing the air in the second empty chamber 312 from leaking from the connection between the sleeve 310 and the nylon rope 315.

[0034] In order to ensure that the supporting rod 313 does not affect the downward sliding of the sliding block 308, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 10The supporting structure further comprises a damping rotating shaft 324 arranged on the outer wall of the winding disc 322 and perpendicular to the center position of the sleeve 310, and a connecting piece 331 arranged on the inner wall of the rack 1, the outer wall of the damping rotating shaft 324 is rotationally connected with an inner connecting sleeve 325, the outer wall of the inner connecting sleeve 325 is rotationally connected with an outer connecting sleeve 326, the outer wall of the inner connecting sleeve 325 is rotationally connected with a pawl 327, the outer wall of the inner connecting sleeve 325 is provided with a spring sheet 328 matched with the pawl 327, the inner wall of the outer connecting sleeve 326 is provided with a ratchet wheel 329 matched with the outer connecting sleeve 326, the outer wall of the outer connecting sleeve 326 is fixedly connected with a gear 330, the inner wall of the connecting piece 331 is provided with a rack 332 matched with the gear 330, one end of the rack 332 is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 333, one end of the connecting plate 333 is provided with a connecting hole 334 matched with the connecting rod 319, and the diameter of the connecting hole 334 is greater than the diameter of the connecting rod 319, and the connecting rod 319 is fixedly connected with a first limiting block 323 with a diameter greater than the connecting hole 334 at a position close to the upper side of the connecting hole 334.

[0035] In use, the connecting shaft 303 is driven by the speed reducer motor 302 to rotate counterclockwise, and the gear 330 is engaged with the rack 332 to limit the outer connecting sleeve 326, at this time, the inner connecting sleeve 325 is pushed to rotate counterclockwise by the connecting shaft 303, the ratchet wheel 329 limits the pawl 327, so as to push the pawl 327 to rotate on the surface of the inner connecting sleeve 325 and press the spring sheet 328, then the spring sheet 328 pushes the pawl 327 to reset under the action of force, so that the sliding block 308 will not drive the gear 330 to rotate when sliding upward, when the connecting shaft 303 is driven by the speed reducer motor 302 to rotate clockwise and drive the sliding block 308 to slide downward, the ratchet wheel 329 and the pawl 327 are engaged to push the outer connecting sleeve 326 to rotate, and the gear 330 is engaged with the rack 332 to push the rack 332 to slide upward on the surface of the connecting piece 331, and push the connecting plate 333 to lift upward, at this time, one end of the connecting rod 319 will be inserted into the inner side of the connecting hole 334, with the continuous rising of the connecting plate 333, the connecting plate 333 pushes the connecting rod 319 to lift upward through the first limiting block 323, and pushes the blocking plate 317 to slide upward and remove the limitation on the groove 318, at this time, the support rod 313 is pushed to slide in the first empty warehouse 311 with the downward sliding of the sliding block 308, so as to re-inject the air in the first empty warehouse 311 into the second empty warehouse 312, when the rack 332 slides to the highest position, the rack 332 will stop rising and limit the gear 330, at this time, the gear 330 stops rotating, and the inner connecting sleeve 325 will rotate on the surface of the connecting shaft 303 through the damping rotating shaft 324, so as to not affect the continuous downward sliding of the sliding block 308 driven by the high-precision lead screw 307.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 5-7The fixed assembly 4 comprises a fixed block 401 mounted on the top surface of the support table 2, a fixed groove 402 is formed at the top center of the fixed block 401, an air chamber 403 is formed in the inside of the fixed block 401 below the fixed groove 402, a return spring 404 is fixedly connected in the inside of the air chamber 403, a transmission block 405 is slidably connected in the inside of the fixed groove 402, a fixed column 406 is fixedly connected to the side of the transmission block 405 close to the air chamber 403, one end of the fixed column 406 extends into the inside of the air chamber 403, a piston plate 407 matched with the return spring 404 is arranged at the end of the fixed column 406 extending into the inside of the air chamber 403, a plurality of air grooves 408 are arranged in the inside of the fixed block 401 in the circumferential direction, an extrusion block 409 is slidably connected to one end of the fixed groove 402, a connecting column 410 is rotatably connected to the end of the extrusion block 409 close to the fixed groove 402, an extrusion wheel 411 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting column 410, a first limiting spring 412 is arranged in the circumferential direction on the inner periphery of one end of the connecting column 410, a second limiting block 413 is fixedly connected to the end of the first limiting spring 412 away from the inside of the connecting column 410, and a limiting groove 414 matched with the second limiting block 413 is arranged on the outer wall of the extrusion block 409 in the circumferential direction with the connecting column 410 as the center.

[0037] In use, first, one end of the metal rod is placed into the inside of the fixed groove 402 on the surface of the fixed block 401, then the cross beam 309 is driven to move downward by the speed reducer motor 302 to extrude the metal rod, so that one end of the metal rod extrudes the transmission block 405 to slide downward, at this time, the transmission block 405 pushes the piston plate 407 to slide in the inside of the air chamber 403 through the fixed column 406, and extrudes the air in the inside of the air chamber 403 and the return spring 404, after the air in the inside of the air chamber 403 is extruded, the air enters the inside of the air groove 408, and pushes the extrusion block 409 to slide in the direction of the metal rod, at this time, the extrusion wheel 411 extrudes the surface of the metal rod, as the metal rod continues to be pressed downward, the extrusion wheel 411 rotates on the surface of the metal rod, the limiting groove 414 on the surface of the extrusion block 409 extrudes the second limiting block 413, so that the second limiting block 413 slides to the inside of the connecting column 410 and extrudes the first limiting spring 412, when the second limiting block 413 enters the next limiting groove 414, the first limiting spring 412 pushes the second limiting block 413 to be clamped into the inside of the limiting groove 414 again, so as to limit the extrusion wheel 411, prevent the extrusion wheel 411 from rotating when the metal rod is stretched, after the buckle 415 at the bottom end of the piston plate 407 slides into the inside of the clamping groove 416, the clamping block 418 is clamped with the buckle 415, so as to limit the piston plate 407, that is, the fixation of the metal rod can be realized.

[0038] In order to take the metal rod off the surface of the fixed block 401 after the experiment of the metal rod is completed, please refer to Figure 7The fixing assembly 4 further comprises a buckle 415 arranged at the bottom end of the piston plate 407, a clamping groove 416 adapted to the buckle 415 is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom end of the air chamber 403, a pressing column 417 is slidably connected to the inside of the fixing block 401 at a position directly below the air chamber 403, a clamping block 418 adapted to the clamping groove 416 is arranged on the outer wall of the end of the pressing column 417 extending into the inside of the fixing block 401, and the inside of the fixing block 401 is provided with a second limiting spring 419 adapted to the pressing column 417.

[0039] One end of the pressing column 417 is pressed to make the pressing column 417 slide in the inside of the fixing block 401 and extrude the second limiting spring 419, the clamping block 418 slides in the clamping groove 416 and releases the limitation of the buckle 415, at this time, the reset spring 404 is pushed to reset the piston plate 407 under the action of force, so that the extrusion block 409 releases the limitation of the metal rod, then the pressing column 417 is released, the second limiting spring 419 pushes the pressing column 417 to reset under the action of force.

[0040] The above is only the preferred specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this, any skilled person in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical scheme and the inventive concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A tensile testing apparatus for metal rods, comprising a frame (1) and a support platform (2) and a tensile assembly (3) mounted on the frame (1), wherein the support platform (2) comprises a support platform and support columns vertically arranged at the four corners of the support platform and in contact with the ground, and a fixing assembly (4) is provided on the surface of the support platform (2), characterized in that: The stretching assembly (3) includes a chute (301) opened on the outer wall of one side of the rack (1) and a speed reducer motor (302) arranged inside the rack (1), the inside of the chute (301) is slidably connected with a sliding block (308), the outer wall of one side of the sliding block (308) is fixedly connected with a cross beam (309), and the cross beam (309) and the support table (2) are both provided with a fixing assembly (4).

2. The metal rod tensile test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a connecting shaft (303) arranged at one end of the speed reducer motor (302) and a support structure mounted on the outer wall of the connecting shaft (303), the first steering ware (304) is rotatably connected to the side of the connecting shaft (303) away from the speed reducer motor (302), the transmission shaft (305) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of one side of the first steering ware (304), and the transmission shaft (305) is arranged on the surface of the first steering ware (304) in a mounting mode parallel to the rotation of the bottom end of the rack (1), the second steering ware (306) is rotatably connected to the side of the transmission shaft (305) away from the first steering ware (304), and the high-precision lead screw (307) matched with the sliding block (308) is arranged on the top end outer wall of the first steering ware (304) and the second steering ware (306).

3. The metal rod tensile testing device of claim 2, wherein: The support structure includes a winding disc (322) arranged on the outer wall of the connecting shaft (303) and a sleeve (310) mounted on the rack (1) and parallel to the high-precision lead screw (307), the inside of the sleeve (310) is axially provided with a first empty warehouse (311) along the central position, the inside of the sleeve (310) is provided with a second empty warehouse (312) along the outer periphery of the first empty warehouse (311), the inside of the first empty warehouse (311) is provided with a support rod (313) matched with the sliding block (308), the inside of the second empty warehouse (312) is slidably connected with a piston ring (314), the surface close to the piston ring (314) is provided with a nylon rope (315) matched with the winding disc (322), the side of the sleeve (310) close to the winding disc (322) is provided with a sealing element (321) matched with the nylon rope (315), the side of the sleeve (310) close to the winding disc (322) is provided with a through groove (316) connecting the first empty warehouse (311) and the second empty warehouse (312), the inside of the through groove (316) is slidably connected with a blocking plate (317), the outer edge of the blocking plate (317) is provided with a groove (318) in the circumferential direction, one end of the blocking plate (317) close to the winding disc (322) is fixedly connected with a connecting rod (319), and the other end of the connecting rod (319) protrudes from the surface of the sleeve (310), the side of the through groove (316) close to the winding disc (322) is provided with a connecting spring (320) matched with the blocking plate (317).

4. The metal rod tensile testing device of claim 3, wherein: The support structure further comprises a damping rotating shaft (324) arranged on the outer wall of the winding disc (322) and perpendicular to the central position of the sleeve (310), and a connecting piece (331) arranged on the inner wall of the rack (1), the outer wall of the damping rotating shaft (324) is rotatably connected with an inner connecting sleeve (325), the outer wall of the inner connecting sleeve (325) is rotatably connected with an outer connecting sleeve (326), the outer wall of the inner connecting sleeve (325) is rotatably connected with a pawl (327), the outer wall of the inner connecting sleeve (325) is provided with a spring sheet (328) matched with the pawl (327), the inner wall of the outer connecting sleeve (326) is provided with a ratchet wheel (329) matched with the outer connecting sleeve (326), the outer wall of the outer connecting sleeve (326) is fixedly connected with a gear (330), the inner wall of the connecting piece (331) is provided with a rack (332) matched with the gear (330), one end of the rack (332) is fixedly connected with a connecting plate (333) on the outer wall, one end of the connecting plate (333) is provided with a connecting hole (334) matched with the connecting rod (319), and the diameter of the connecting hole (334) is greater than the diameter of the connecting rod (319), and the connecting rod (319) is fixedly connected with a first limiting block (323) with a diameter greater than the connecting hole (334) at a position above the connecting hole (334).

5. The metal rod tensile testing device of claim 1, wherein: The fixing assembly (4) comprises a fixing block (401) arranged on the top surface of the support table (2), a fixing groove (402) is arranged at the top center position of the fixing block (401), an air chamber (403) is arranged at the position below the fixing groove (402) in the interior of the fixing block (401), a reset spring (404) is fixedly connected in the interior of the air chamber (403), a transmission block (405) is slidably connected in the interior of the fixing groove (402), a fixing column (406) is fixedly connected to the side of the transmission block (405) close to the air chamber (403), one end of the fixing column (406) extends into the interior of the air chamber (403), a piston plate (407) matched with the reset spring (404) is arranged at the end of the fixing column (406) extending into the interior of the air chamber (403), a plurality of air grooves (408) are arranged in the interior of the fixing block (401) in the circumferential direction, an extrusion block (409) is slidably connected at one end of the air groove (408) close to the fixing groove (402), a connecting column (410) is rotatably connected at one end of the extrusion block (409) close to the fixing groove (402), an extrusion wheel (411) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting column (410), a first limiting spring (412) is arranged in the circumferential direction at the inner circumferential edge of one end of the connecting column (410) away from the interior of the connecting column (410), a second limiting block (413) is fixedly connected to one end of the first limiting spring (412) away from the interior of the connecting column (410), and a limiting groove (414) matched with the second limiting block (413) is arranged in the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the extrusion block (409) with the connecting column (410) as the center.

6. The metal rod tensile testing device of claim 5, wherein: The fixed assembly (4) further comprises a buckle (415) arranged at the bottom end of the piston plate (407), the inner wall of the bottom end of the air chamber (403) is provided with a clamping groove (416) matched with the buckle (415), the inner part of the fixed block (401) is slidingly connected with a pressing column (417) located right below the air chamber (403), the outer wall of the end of the pressing column (417) extending into the inner part of the fixed block (401) is provided with a clamping block (418) matched with the clamping groove (416), and the inner part of the fixed block (401) is provided with a second limiting spring (419) matched with the pressing column (417).

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