Precision casting part surface defect automatic detection system

Abstract

The invention provides a precision casting part surface defect automatic detection system, and relates to the field of casting part surface defect detection.The precision casting part surface defect automatic detection system comprises an infiltration device used for applying fluorescent liquid to a to-be-detected surface of a workpiece so that the to-be-detected surface can be covered with the fluorescent liquid; the cleaning device is used for cleaning the fluorescent liquid on the to-be-detected surface, and the cleaning device is configured to clean the fluorescent liquid in a non-concave area on the to-be-detected surface and retain the fluorescent liquid in the concave area; the transfer printing device is used for being attached to the to-be-detected face in a negative pressure mode, and the transfer printing device is configured to adhere at least part of fluorescent liquid in a concave area to the transfer printing device when the concave area exists in the to-be-detected face; and the detection device is used for detecting the fluorescent liquid adhered to the transfer printing device, so that the defect condition of the surface of the workpiece can be more intuitively judged, the detection result is more accurate to a certain extent, surface defects can be conveniently found in time, and the consistency and reliability of products can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of surface defect detection technology for castings, and more particularly to an automatic detection system for surface defects in precision castings. Background Technology

[0002] Precision castings are characterized by high dimensional accuracy, good surface quality, and the ability to form complex structures, thus finding wide application in aerospace, energy equipment, and automotive manufacturing. As application scenarios place increasingly higher demands on component performance, the dimensions and geometries of precision castings are becoming increasingly complex.

[0003] To ensure the reliability and service life of precision castings, quality inspection is typically required after forming. Inspection may include visual inspection, dimensional measurement, and internal defect detection. Surface defect detection reflects the forming quality of the parts and provides a basis for subsequent processes. Common inspection methods include manual visual inspection, optical inspection, and 3D scanning-based methods.

[0004] However, for large precision castings with curved surfaces, inaccurate test results can easily occur during the inspection process. In actual production, surface defects may not be detected in time, affecting the consistency and reliability of product quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides an automatic detection system for surface defects in precision castings.

[0006] This application provides an automatic detection system for surface defects in precision castings, employing the following technical solution: An automatic surface defect detection system for precision castings includes: An immersion device is used to apply fluorescent liquid to the surface of a workpiece to be inspected, so that the surface to be inspected is covered with fluorescent liquid; A cleaning device is used to clean the fluorescent liquid on the surface to be tested. The cleaning device is configured to remove the fluorescent liquid in the non-recessed areas of the surface to be tested, while retaining the fluorescent liquid in the recessed areas. A transfer device is used to adhere to the surface to be inspected by negative pressure. The transfer device is configured to adhere at least a portion of the recessed area to the transfer device when the recessed area exists on the surface to be inspected. A detection device is used to detect the fluorescent liquid adhering to the transfer device; The transfer device is movable relative to the detection device, and a sensor is provided between the transfer device and the detection device. The sensor is used to trigger the detection device to detect the transfer device when it detects that the transfer device has moved to the detection device.

[0007] Preferably, the transfer device includes a detection stage and a soft film, the soft film being movably disposed on the detection stage to switch between a first state and a second state; When the soft membrane is in the first state, it is spaced apart from the detection stage. When the soft membrane is in the second state, it adheres to the surface to be detected by negative pressure adsorption.

[0008] Preferably, the transfer device further includes a cover that can slide toward or away from the detection stage, the soft film is disposed in the cover, and a negative pressure cavity is formed between the soft film and the cover; The cover has an opening that communicates with the negative pressure chamber, the opening facing the testing stage, for allowing the workpiece to enter the negative pressure chamber; the negative pressure chamber is connected to a negative pressure port, for causing the soft membrane to adhere to the surface to be tested under negative pressure.

[0009] Preferably, the inner wall of the cover is provided with a first sealing ring, and the side of the cover facing the testing table is provided with a second sealing ring, and both the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring extend along the circumference of the workpiece; Both the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring are hollow structures and are interconnected; The first sealing ring is used to seal the gap between the cover and the workpiece when it expands; The second sealing ring is used to force the gas inside the cover into the first sealing ring when the cover moves toward the testing platform and is squeezed, so as to cause the first sealing ring to expand.

[0010] Preferably, the cover body is provided with an inclined surface, and an abutment block is slidably disposed on the inclined surface, and the first sealing ring is disposed on the abutment block; The abutment block is configured to gradually move toward the workpiece side along the inclined surface as it slides toward a direction away from the inspection table; At least a portion of the abutment block protrudes from the side of the cover facing the testing table, so that when the cover moves toward the testing table, it contacts the testing table and is pushed to slide away from the testing table; The first sealing ring and the second sealing ring are connected by an elastic connecting tube, at least a portion of which is located between the abutment block and the cover. The elastic connecting tube is configured such that, under its own elastic force, it pushes the abutment block to move closer to the detection platform; when the abutment block moves away from the detection platform, the elastic connecting tube is compressed and deformed, thereby blocking the communication channel between the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a conveying device for conveying the workpiece between the impregnation device, the cleaning device and the transfer device; The immersion device includes a tank containing fluorescent liquid, and at least a portion of the conveying device is located within the fluorescent liquid so that the workpiece conveyed via the conveying device can be immersed in the fluorescent liquid.

[0012] Preferably, the cleaning device includes a scraper configured to scrape off fluorescent liquid from non-recessed areas of the surface to be inspected when in contact with and moving relative to the surface to be inspected.

[0013] Preferably, the cleaning device further includes a first frame, the scraper is made of a rigid material, and the scraper is slidably disposed on the first frame in a direction close to or away from the surface to be inspected.

[0014] Preferably, the width of the scraper is greater than the width of the surface to be inspected. The scraper includes a contact area and a drainage area in the width direction. The contact area is used to contact the surface to be inspected, and the drainage area is located on at least one side of the contact area to guide the scraped fluorescent liquid away from the workpiece.

[0015] Preferably, the drainage area is provided with a drainage groove, and the drainage groove is provided with a capillary structure. The height of the drainage groove at the end near the contact area is higher than that at the end away from the contact area.

[0016] This application has the following advantages and beneficial effects: This application utilizes an immersion device to form a fluorescent liquid coating on the surface to be inspected, which is then removed using a cleaning device. When there are recessed areas on the surface to be inspected, fluorescent liquid residue will remain in the recesses due to the depth of these areas during the cleaning process. In this case, a transfer device can transfer the residual fluorescent liquid from the recessed areas to the surface of the transfer device, and the transfer device can then be inspected using a detection device. Under specific lighting conditions, the fluorescent liquid can produce a significant optical reaction, thus visually revealing the presence of the recessed areas. This allows for a more intuitive assessment of surface defects, making the inspection results more accurate to a certain extent, facilitating the timely detection of surface defects, and ultimately contributing to improved product consistency and reliability.

[0017] Furthermore, by comparing the distribution range and relative content of the fluorescent liquid at different locations, the size and depth of the depression can be inferred. For example, when the coverage area of ​​the fluorescent liquid is similar, the location with a higher content often corresponds to a deeper depression. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper structure in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the drainage area in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the contact area in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the transfer device in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of part A in the middle.

[0020] The diagram is marked as follows: 10. Workpiece; 11. Surface to be inspected; 100. Immersion device; 110. Tank; 200. Cleaning device; 210. Scraper; 211. Contact area; 212. Drainage area; 213. Drainage channel; 214. First frame; 300. Transfer device; 310. Inspection table; 320. Soft film; 330. Cover; 331. Negative pressure chamber; 332. Opening; 333. Negative pressure port; 334. Inclined surface; 340. First sealing ring; 350. Second sealing ring; 360. Elastic connecting pipe; 370. Abutment block; 400. Inspection device; 500. Sensor; 600. Conveying device. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0022] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0023] Reference Figures 1 to 6 This application provides an automatic surface defect detection system for precision castings, suitable for detecting surface defects in large workpieces 10. In some embodiments, the workpiece 10 is a precision casting with a surface 11 to be inspected. The surface 11 has high requirements for flatness and therefore needs to be inspected. In some embodiments, the surface 11 to be inspected has a curved structure, such as a wavy shape. When using direct imaging for inspection, if the recessed area is located between the crest and trough of the wave, it may be difficult to identify under the influence of lighting conditions and shooting angle, thus posing a certain risk of missed detection.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the system includes an immersion device 100, a cleaning device 200, a transfer device 300, and a detection device 400. The immersion device 100 applies fluorescent liquid to the surface 11 of the workpiece 10 to be inspected, thereby covering the surface 11 with the fluorescent liquid. For example, the immersion device 100 can use a spray nozzle to uniformly spray the fluorescent liquid, forming a covering film on the surface 11. Alternatively, the immersion device 100 can use an immersion method, partially or entirely immersing the surface 11 of the workpiece 10 in the fluorescent liquid, allowing the fluorescent liquid to adhere to the surface of the workpiece 10. Yet another option is to use a coating method, applying the fluorescent liquid to the surface 11 using a brush or roller, ensuring sufficient contact between the surface 11 and the fluorescent liquid.

[0025] The above structural design ensures uniform contact between the surface 11 to be inspected and the fluorescent liquid to a certain extent. Furthermore, for surfaces 11 with recessed areas, the fluorescent liquid can enter and fill these areas under the influence of gravity and surface tension. Consequently, in subsequent inspection steps, the recessed areas, containing a significant amount of residual fluorescent liquid, become more clearly visible under specific lighting conditions, facilitating the identification of surface defects.

[0026] In this application, "fluorescent liquid" refers to a liquid that can exhibit obvious fluorescent characteristics under specific lighting conditions. It can be a water-based or oil-based fluorescent liquid commonly used in existing fluorescent flaw detection processes, and its specific composition is not limited. "Covering" refers to the fluorescent liquid adhering to the surface to be inspected 11 and forming a thin film with a certain continuity. This film can be completely continuous or it can form an intermittent adhesion layer on the surface. This application does not limit this.

[0027] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The cleaning device 200 is used to clean the fluorescent liquid on the surface 11 to be tested. The cleaning device 200 is configured to remove the fluorescent liquid from non-recessed areas of the surface 11 to be tested, while retaining the fluorescent liquid in the recessed areas. Exemplarily, the cleaning device 200 can be used by wiping, where a flexible wiping element contacts the surface 11 to remove the fluorescent liquid adhering to the surface; it can also be used by scraping with a scraper 210, where a hard scraper 210 forms contact pressure with the surface 11 to push out the fluorescent liquid covering the surface; or it can be used in combination with wiping to balance thorough cleaning and coverage. Through these methods, the fluorescent liquid in the flat areas of the surface 11 to be tested can be removed, making the residual fluorescent liquid in the recessed areas more prominent.

[0028] It should be noted that, due to the depth of the recessed area, during the cleaning process of the cleaning device 200, the scraper 210 or wiping component typically acts primarily on the surface of the surface to be inspected 11. Therefore, the fluorescent liquid in the recessed area is difficult to completely remove, and a certain amount of fluorescent liquid often remains. Furthermore, even if a small amount of residual fluorescent liquid may exist on the smooth area during the cleaning process, its residual amount differs significantly from that in the recessed area. By comparing the amount of residual fluorescent liquid at different locations, the existence of the recessed area can be inferred more intuitively. Furthermore, by combining the differences in the area and thickness of the residual fluorescent liquid, a reasonable judgment can be made regarding the extent and depth of the recessed area.

[0029] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 The transfer device 300 is used to adhere to the surface 11 to be inspected via negative pressure. The transfer device 300 is configured to, when there is a recessed area on the surface 11, adhere at least a portion of the fluorescent liquid in the recessed area to the transfer device 300. It should be understood that recessed areas are often located on curved surfaces or between peaks and troughs during direct observation, resulting in some obstruction and potentially making them difficult to identify from different viewing angles, thus increasing the risk of missed detection. Through the transfer device 300, the detection of recessed areas can be transformed into the detection of convex or nearly flat areas, making the detection more intuitive.

[0030] For example, the transfer device 300 may include a transfer film 320. When the transfer film 320 is adhered to the surface 11 to be tested under negative pressure, the film 320 deforms under the pressure difference and extends into the recessed area, thereby carrying out the fluorescent liquid in the recessed area and transferring it to the surface of the film 320. In this way, the recessed area, which is originally difficult to observe directly, is mapped onto the surface of the film 320 through transfer, making it easier for the detection device 400 to identify.

[0031] In other embodiments, the transfer device 300 may employ a flexible printing element, such as one made of silicone. When the printing element comes into contact with the surface to be inspected 11, it undergoes elastic deformation under external pressure, allowing its surface to adhere to the surface to be inspected 11 to a certain extent and extend into the recessed area, thus allowing the fluorescent liquid in the recessed area to adhere to the printing element. By photographing and inspecting the surface of the transfer film 320 or the flexible printing element, the distribution of the fluorescent liquid can be observed more intuitively: when there is obvious fluorescent liquid at a certain location, it can be determined that the surface to be inspected 11 at that location has a recessed defect; when there is little or no fluorescent liquid residue, it can be considered that the surface to be inspected 11 at that location does not have an obvious recessed defect.

[0032] In some embodiments, the transfer apparatus 300 further includes a rinsing nozzle (not shown) configured to spray cleaning fluid onto the surface of the transfer apparatus 300 to rinse the surface of the transfer apparatus 300 after detection. When fluorescent liquid adheres to the surface of the transfer apparatus 300 due to the transfer operation, the rinsing nozzle can remove the fluorescent liquid through high pressure or a metered liquid flow, restoring the surface of the transfer apparatus 300 to a clean state. This can, to some extent, prevent the accumulation of fluorescent liquid during multiple detections, maintain the detection sensitivity of the surface of the transfer apparatus 300, and facilitate the reuse of the transfer apparatus 300.

[0033] The cleaning medium for the rinsing nozzle can be water, a specific solvent, or a volatile cleaning solution to accommodate different types of fluorescent liquids. The rinsing nozzle can be positioned on a fixed bracket to provide a comprehensive spray across the surface of the transfer device 300, or it can be designed with an adjustable angle to thoroughly clean different areas of the transfer device 300. This structural design allows for rapid restoration of the transfer device 300 to its operational state after inspection, thereby improving the continuity and efficiency of the inspection process.

[0034] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1The detection device 400 is used to detect the fluorescent liquid adhering to the transfer device 300. Exemplarily, the detection device 400 may include a camera and a supplementary light. The camera can be an optical imaging device capable of identifying fluorescent materials, improving the ability to identify fluorescent liquid areas by sensing fluorescence at specific wavelengths. The supplementary light provides suitable illumination conditions so that in the image captured by the camera, the area containing the fluorescent liquid appears bright, while the area without fluorescent liquid appears darker, thus facilitating observation and analysis.

[0035] Through the above structural setup, the detection device 400 can intuitively display the distribution of the fluorescent liquid on the surface of the transfer device 300 to a certain extent, and further deduce the location and size of the recessed area on the surface 11 to be detected. It can be understood that the brightness and coverage area of ​​the fluorescent liquid are related to the depth and range of the recessed area. Therefore, to a certain extent, the morphology of the recessed area can be inferred through image analysis, which helps to make a more accurate and intuitive judgment on the surface defects of the workpiece 10.

[0036] In some embodiments, the transfer device 300 is movably disposed relative to the detection device 400, and a sensor 500 is provided between the transfer device 300 and the detection device 400. The sensor 500 is used to trigger the detection device 400 to detect the transfer device 300 when it detects that the transfer device 300 has moved to the detection device 400. Exemplarily, both the transfer device 300 and the detection device 400 are disposed on a support device, and the transfer device 300 can move relative to the support device along a predetermined trajectory, thereby realizing the switching of different operating positions.

[0037] For example, the transfer device 300 can be equipped with a first station and a second station. When the transfer device 300 is located at the first station, it can perform a transfer operation on the surface of the workpiece 10, adhering the fluorescent liquid in the recessed area to the surface of the transfer device 300. When the transfer device 300 moves to the second station, it is positioned above the detection device 400, thus facilitating image acquisition and analysis of the surface of the transfer device 300 by the detection device 400. By switching between the first and second stations, the transfer device 300 can perform continuous transfer and detection operations, thereby automating the process of detecting surface defects on the workpiece 10.

[0038] It is understandable that the sensor 500 is positioned to ensure that the detection operation is triggered after the transfer device 300 moves into place, avoiding manual intervention and improving the continuity and efficiency of the detection. The relative movement structure between the transfer device 300 and the detection device 400 also ensures that the detection device 400 always maintains the optimal observation position, thereby helping to obtain fluorescent liquid distribution information more accurately and to determine the recessed area.

[0039] For example, the sensor 500 can be a contact switch or a photosensitive switch. When the transfer device 300 moves to the second station, the sensor 500 can detect the position of the transfer device 300 and trigger the detection device 400 to detect the surface of the transfer device 300. By setting up this sensor 500, it is easy to realize the automatic sensing of the position of the transfer device 300 and the automatic start of the detection operation, thereby helping to improve the continuity and efficiency of the entire detection process and reduce the need for manual intervention.

[0040] It is understandable that the specific type and arrangement of the sensor 500 can be selected and adjusted according to the actual application scenario. For example, a contact switch can detect the position through physical contact, and a photosensitive switch can detect the position by blocking the light beam, thereby ensuring reliable triggering of the detection operation after the transfer device 300 moves into place under different environmental conditions.

[0041] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The transfer device 300 includes a detection stage 310 and a soft film 320. The soft film 320 is movably disposed on the detection stage 310 to switch between a first state and a second state. When the soft film 320 is in the first state, it is spaced apart from the detection stage 310. When the soft film 320 is in the second state, it adheres to the surface to be tested 11 by negative pressure adsorption. For example, when the soft film 320 is in the first state, it maintains a certain distance from the detection stage 310, thereby making the transfer device 300 non-working. When the soft film 320 is in the second state, it is adsorbed onto the surface to be tested 11 by negative pressure, thereby facilitating the adhesion of the fluorescent liquid on the surface to be tested 11 to the surface of the soft film 320.

[0042] It is understandable that by switching the state of the soft film 320, the transfer operation and non-operation states can be freely switched without affecting other structures of the detection stage 310, thereby improving the flexibility and efficiency of the detection process to a certain extent. The soft film 320 can be made of a flexible elastic material, such as silicone or polyurethane, so as to smoothly fill the recessed area under negative pressure and achieve effective transfer of fluorescent liquid.

[0043] In some embodiments, the transfer device 300 further includes a cover 330 that can slide toward or away from the inspection stage 310, a soft film 320 is disposed inside the cover 330, and a negative pressure cavity 331 is formed between the soft film 320 and the cover 330; the cover 330 is provided with an opening 332 communicating with the negative pressure cavity 331, the opening 332 facing the inspection stage 310, for allowing the workpiece 10 to enter the negative pressure cavity 331; the negative pressure cavity 331 is connected to a negative pressure port 333, for causing the soft film 320 to adhere to the surface 11 to be inspected under negative pressure.

[0044] For example, the cover 330 is provided with an opening 332 communicating with the negative pressure chamber 331. The opening 332 faces the testing stage 310, allowing the workpiece 10 to enter the negative pressure chamber 331, so that the surface to be tested 11 is located below the soft film 320. The negative pressure chamber 331 is connected to a negative pressure port 333, which causes the soft film 320 to be adsorbed onto the surface to be tested 11 through the negative pressure, thereby facilitating the transfer of fluorescent liquid on the surface to be tested 11 to the surface of the soft film 320.

[0045] It is understandable that the sliding setting of the cover 330 can adjust the relative position of the soft film 320 and the workpiece 10 to a certain extent, thereby adapting to workpieces 10 of different sizes or shapes; at the same time, the formation of the negative pressure cavity 331 enables the soft film 320 to fill the recessed area more evenly, achieving effective adhesion of the fluorescent liquid, which helps to more intuitively observe the defects that may exist on the surface to be tested 11.

[0046] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 After the flexible membrane 320 is adsorbed onto the surface 11 to be tested by negative pressure, gas can be injected between the flexible membrane 320 and the surface 11 through the negative pressure port 333 to relieve the negative pressure between them, thus facilitating the relative separation of the flexible membrane 320 and the surface 11. Subsequently, the flexible membrane 320 can be moved above the detection device 400, allowing the detection device 400 to acquire and analyze images of the area where the surface of the flexible membrane 320 is attached to the surface 11.

[0047] For example, by detecting the distribution of fluorescent liquid on the soft film 320, such as the quantity, area, and brightness of the fluorescent liquid, the size and depth of the recessed area on the surface 11 to be inspected can be determined to a certain extent. It can be understood that the degree of accumulation of fluorescent liquid in the recessed area is usually related to the depth of the recess. Therefore, by detecting the fluorescent liquid on the soft film 320, the characteristic information of the surface defects of the workpiece 10 can be obtained more intuitively, which is helpful for evaluating the morphology and degree of the surface defects of the workpiece 10.

[0048] In some embodiments, after the soft membrane 320 is adsorbed onto the surface 11 to be tested by negative pressure, hot gas can be injected between the soft membrane 320 and the surface 11 to be tested through the negative pressure port 333. Exemplarily, the temperature of the injected gas can be between 50°C and 75°C. Within this temperature range, the soft membrane 320 is in a relatively soft state under the action of the hot gas, facilitating the separation of the soft membrane 320 from the surface 11 to be tested, while also preventing damage to the soft membrane 320 during the separation process to a certain extent.

[0049] Furthermore, the soft membrane 320 can undergo restorative deformation after contact with hot gas, gradually recovering to a shape close to its initial state, making it easy to reuse for detection operations. Under the action of hot gas, the surface properties of the soft membrane 320 can also be improved, enhancing its adhesion to the fluorescent liquid, thereby more intuitively reflecting the characteristics of the concave area of ​​the surface to be detected 11 in subsequent detection.

[0050] It is understandable that the soft membrane 320 can be made of materials that can restore their original shape after heating, such as silicone membrane, polyurethane elastomer membrane or other flexible film materials with shape recovery.

[0051] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The inner wall of the cover 330 is provided with a first sealing ring 340, and the side of the cover 330 facing the inspection table 310 is provided with a second sealing ring 350. Both the first sealing ring 340 and the second sealing ring 350 extend along the circumference of the workpiece 10. Both the first sealing ring 340 and the second sealing ring 350 are hollow structures and are interconnected. The first sealing ring 340 is used to seal the gap between the cover 330 and the workpiece 10 when it expands. The second sealing ring 350 is used to force the gas inside the cover 330 into the first sealing ring 340 when the cover 330 moves toward the inspection table 310 and is squeezed, so that the first sealing ring 340 expands.

[0052] For example, the first sealing ring 340 and the second sealing ring 350 are both arranged to extend circumferentially along the workpiece 10 to form a continuous annular sealing structure, thereby forming a continuous sealing surface in the circumferential direction, which is beneficial to improving the sealing performance between the cover 330 and the workpiece 10 or between the cover 330 and the testing table 310.

[0053] Both the first sealing ring 340 and the second sealing ring 350 are hollow structures and are interconnected through internal channels, allowing gas inside the second sealing ring 350 to flow into the first sealing ring 340 during the movement of the cover 330. For example, when the cover 330 moves toward the detection stage 310 and is compressed, the gas inside the second sealing ring 350 can be forced into the first sealing ring 340, causing the first sealing ring 340 to expand and fill the gap between the cover 330 and the workpiece 10. This helps maintain the adhesion between the soft membrane 320 and the workpiece 10 and facilitates the establishment of negative pressure between the soft membrane 320 and the surface to be detected 11.

[0054] It is understandable that, in order to facilitate the negative pressure extraction between the soft membrane 320 and the surface to be tested 11, the negative pressure port 333 can be set in the area between the workpiece 10 and the soft membrane 320, so that the expansion of the first sealing ring 340 can effectively reduce air leakage, which is beneficial to maintaining the negative pressure state of the negative pressure chamber 331.

[0055] For example, both the first sealing ring 340 and the second sealing ring 350 are made of elastic material and have a woven mesh inside, which can prevent the sealing ring from breaking or deforming to a certain extent under the action of external force, thereby improving durability and reliability.

[0056] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The cover 330 has an inclined surface 334 inside, and an abutment block 370 is slidably disposed on the inclined surface 334. A first sealing ring 340 is disposed on the abutment block 370. The abutment block 370 is configured to gradually move towards the workpiece 10 along the inclined surface 334 when sliding in a direction away from the inspection table 310, thereby bringing the first sealing ring 340 on the abutment block 370 closer to the workpiece 10, which helps to reduce the gap between the abutment block 370 and the workpiece 10 and improves the sealing performance.

[0057] For example, a groove is provided on the inclined surface 334, the groove extends in the inclined direction and has the same inclination angle as the inclined surface 334, and the abutment block 370 is slidably connected in the groove. When the abutment block 370 moves relative to the inclined surface 334 along the groove, due to the inclined arrangement of the inclined surface 334 and the groove, the abutment block 370 will gradually approach the workpiece 10 in the inclined direction, so that the first sealing ring 340 can move close to the workpiece 10 during the sliding process, which is beneficial to forming a more uniform sealing surface and improving the sealing effect between the cover 330 and the workpiece 10.

[0058] It should be understood that in order to maintain a good seal when the abutment block 370 slides relative to the inclined surface 334, a sealing ring can be provided between the abutment block 370 and the inclined surface 334, so that the gap between the abutment block 370 and the inclined surface 334 is sealed to a certain extent during the movement of the abutment block 370, thereby maintaining the effect of internal negative pressure or air isolation.

[0059] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 At least a portion of the abutment block 370 protrudes from the side of the cover 330 facing the inspection table 310, so that when the cover 330 moves toward the inspection table 310, it contacts the inspection table 310 and is pushed to slide away from the inspection table 310. This protrusion contacts the inspection table 310 as the cover 330 moves toward it, thus pushing the abutment block 370 to slide along the inclined surface 334 as the cover 330 continues to move. By sliding the abutment block 370 along the inclined surface 334, the first sealing ring 340 disposed thereon can move tilted toward the workpiece 10 and gradually approach the workpiece 10, thereby improving the sealing between the cover 330 and the workpiece 10.

[0060] It should be understood that, due to the combined effect of the inclination angle of the inclined surface 334 and the contact position between the protruding part and the detection table 310, the sliding direction of the abutment block 370 can gradually approach the workpiece 10 during the movement of the cover 330, thereby forming a more uniform sealing surface between the cover 330 and the workpiece 10, and improving the sealing effect of the negative pressure cavity 331 inside the cover 330.

[0061] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The first sealing ring 340 and the second sealing ring 350 are connected by an elastic connecting tube 360, at least a portion of which is located between the abutment block 370 and the cover 330. The elastic connecting tube 360 ​​is configured such that, under its own elastic force, it pushes the abutment block 370 toward the detection stage 310; and when the abutment block 370 moves away from the detection stage 310, the elastic connecting tube 360 ​​is compressed and deformed, thereby blocking the communication channel between the first sealing ring 340 and the second sealing ring 350.

[0062] The elastic connecting tube 360 ​​can push the abutment block 370 towards the detection table 310 under its own elasticity, thereby slightly moving the first sealing ring 340 away from the workpiece 10, so as to maintain a certain sealing adjustment space during the movement or resetting of the cover 330. At the same time, when the abutment block 370 moves away from the detection table 310 along the inclined surface 334, the elastic connecting tube 360 ​​is compressed and deformed, which blocks the communication channel between the first sealing ring 340 and the second sealing ring 350 to a certain extent, thereby helping to control the gas flow in the negative pressure chamber 331 and improve the sealing effect between the cover 330 and the workpiece 10.

[0063] Specifically, the elastic connecting pipe 360 ​​is a pipe made of elastic plastic, at least partially located between the abutment block 370 and the cover 330. The elastic connecting pipe 360 ​​between the abutment block 370 and the cover 330 is relatively thick and large, allowing it to push the abutment block 370 towards the opening 332 under its own elasticity, causing at least a portion of the abutment block 370 to protrude from the side of the cover 330 facing the testing platform 310. With this configuration, when the cover 330 moves towards the testing platform 310, the abutment block 370 can abut against the testing platform 310, thereby achieving the elastic reset function of the abutment block 370.

[0064] During the contact process between the abutting block 370 and the testing table 310, the abutting block 370 gradually compresses the elastic connecting tube 360 ​​under the push of the testing table 310, causing the elastic connecting tube 360 ​​to deform and thereby blocking the communication channel between the first sealing ring 340 and the second sealing ring 350. This action can maintain a gaseous state conducive to sealing between the cover 330 and the workpiece 10, enabling the first sealing ring 340 and the second sealing ring 350 to provide a more stable sealing effect, which is beneficial to improving the sealing performance between the cover 330 and the workpiece 10 and the control of gas in the negative pressure chamber 331.

[0065] As the cover 330 gradually approaches the testing platform 310, the abutment block 370 gradually contacts the testing platform 310, causing the abutment block 370 to slide away from the cover 330 relative to the testing platform 310. Simultaneously, the abutment block 370 gradually compresses the elastic connecting tube 360. During this process, the second sealing ring 350 on the cover 330 also gradually contacts and is compressed against the testing platform 310, causing some of the gas inside the first sealing ring 340 to enter the second sealing ring 350 through the elastic connecting tube 360, causing the first sealing ring 340 to expand. As the abutment block 370 continues to compress the elastic connecting tube 360 ​​until it blocks the communication channel between the first sealing ring 340 and the second sealing ring 350, the first sealing ring 340 will form a seal between the abutment block 370 and the cover 330, and the second sealing ring 350 will form a seal between the cover 330 and the testing platform 310, thereby isolating the negative pressure chamber 331 from the outside environment.

[0066] It should be understood that by setting the first sealing ring 340, a sealed fill can be formed between the cover 330 and the workpiece 10, so that when the soft membrane 320 deforms under negative pressure, it can prevent the soft membrane 320 from being sucked into the gap between the cover 330 and the workpiece 10 to a certain extent. If the first sealing ring 340 is not set, the soft membrane 320 may partially enter the gap between the cover 330 and the workpiece 10 during the deformation process under negative pressure, thereby increasing the deformation amplitude of the soft membrane 320 and potentially causing the soft membrane 320 to be damaged by excessive stress.

[0067] For example, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6The cover 330 is rectangular and has four sidewalls. In some embodiments, abutment blocks 370 are provided on only one or two opposing sidewalls of the cover 330, thereby applying force to the first sealing ring 340, so that the first sealing ring 340 forms a certain degree of sealing effect between the inner wall of the cover 330 and the workpiece 10, and between the abutment blocks 370 and the workpiece 10. By providing abutment blocks 370 on the sidewalls, when the cover 330 approaches the workpiece 10, the abutment blocks 370 can slide along the inclined surface 334, causing the first sealing ring 340 to gradually move closer to the workpiece 10, which facilitates filling the gap between the cover 330 and the workpiece 10 and is beneficial to forming a stable negative pressure adsorption between the soft membrane 320 and the workpiece 10.

[0068] Due to the squeezing effect of the abutment block 370 and the workpiece 10 on the first sealing ring 340, the first sealing ring 340 can achieve a better sealing effect.

[0069] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A drive structure is connected to the cover 330, configured to move the cover 330 in a direction close to or away from the inspection table 310. This drive structure allows the cover 330 to switch between different positions. For example, when close to the inspection table 310, the cover 330 can cooperate with the workpiece 10 to perform a negative pressure bonding operation of the soft film 320; when away from the inspection table 310 or above the inspection device 400, the cover 330 provides space for the inspection device 400 to inspect the transfer soft film 320 or the imprint. Exemplarily, the drive structure can be a cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, motor, lead screw structure, and / or electric lever, thereby enabling precise control of the moving position and speed of the cover 330 to a certain extent, and helping the cover 330 maintain stability during movement. This structural design allows for flexible switching between the cover 330 and the inspection device 400 while maintaining the sealing effect between the cover 330 and the workpiece 10, facilitating the automatic detection of surface defects on the workpiece 10.

[0070] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 The system also includes a conveying device 600 for transporting the workpiece 10 between the impregnation device 100, the cleaning device 200, and the transfer device 300. Exemplarily, the conveying device 600 can be a conveyor belt, a roller conveyor mechanism, or a guide rail sliding mechanism, capable of smoothly transporting the workpiece 10 from one station to the next, thereby facilitating continuous and automated surface defect detection operations on the workpiece 10 by each device. This conveying device 600 maintains the positioning stability of the workpiece 10 between different stations, while reducing vibration or tilting of the workpiece 10 during transport, which is beneficial for subsequent impregnation, cleaning, and transfer operations.

[0071] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 The immersion apparatus 100 includes a tank 110 containing fluorescent liquid, and at least a portion of the conveying device 600 is located within the fluorescent liquid, so that the workpiece 10 conveyed by the conveying device 600 can be immersed in the fluorescent liquid. This ensures that the workpiece 10 conveyed by the conveying device 600 can fully contact the fluorescent liquid as it passes through the immersion station, so that the surface to be inspected 11 is covered by the fluorescent liquid and a certain amount of fluorescent liquid is filled in the recessed areas. Exemplarily, the conveying device 600 may include a conveyor plate, clamp, or rollers that can be immersed in the fluorescent liquid, so that the workpiece 10 is kept in a stable position during conveying, facilitating uniform coverage of the surface of the workpiece 10 by the immersion liquid. With this configuration, the distribution of recessed areas on the surface of the workpiece 10 can be more accurately reflected in subsequent cleaning and transfer steps.

[0072] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The cleaning device 200 includes a scraper 210 configured to scrape away fluorescent liquid from non-recessed areas of the surface 11 under inspection when in contact with and moving relative to the surface 11. Exemplarily, the scraper 210 may be made of an elastic material or have flexible edges to conform to the slight undulations of the workpiece 10 surface during scraping, thereby facilitating the thorough cleaning of fluorescent liquid from non-recessed areas without affecting the amount of residual fluorescent liquid in recessed areas. This configuration allows for a more accurate reflection of the morphology and depth of recessed areas on the surface of the workpiece 10 during subsequent transfer and inspection steps.

[0073] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The cleaning device 200 also includes a first frame 214, and a scraper 210 made of rigid material. The scraper 210 is slidably disposed on the first frame 214 in a direction close to or away from the surface to be inspected 11. Because the scraper 210 is made of rigid material, when it moves relative to the surface to be inspected 11, it can avoid scraping off the fluorescent liquid in the recessed area, thus helping to retain more fluorescent liquid in the recessed area. This configuration allows the fluorescent liquid in the non-recessed area to be effectively cleaned, while maintaining the residual fluorescent liquid in the recessed area, which is beneficial for the subsequent transfer device 300 to detect the recessed area and determine the depth and shape of the recess.

[0074] It should be understood that a drive structure, such as a cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, electric lever, and / or motor, is also provided on the first frame 214 to drive the scraper 210 to slide in a direction close to or away from the surface 11 to be inspected. Through this drive structure, the scraper 210 can move relative to the surface 11 to be inspected, thereby scraping off the fluorescent liquid in the non-recessed areas of the surface 11, while retaining some of the fluorescent liquid in the recessed areas. This structure allows for more controllable movement of the scraper 210, which is beneficial for the cleaning device 200 to effectively remove the fluorescent liquid from the surface 11 to be inspected, while retaining residual fluorescent liquid in the recessed areas, providing a reliable basis for subsequent inspection by the transfer device 300.

[0075] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 The width of the scraper 210 is greater than the width of the surface 11 to be inspected. The scraper 210 includes a contact area 211 and a drainage area 212 in the width direction. The contact area 211 is used to contact the surface 11 to be inspected, and the drainage area 212 is located on at least one side of the contact area 211, used to guide the scraped fluorescent liquid away from the workpiece 10. Through this drainage area 212, the flow of the fluorescent liquid can be effectively controlled during the movement of the scraper 210, preventing the scraped fluorescent liquid from flowing towards the edge of the surface 11 to be inspected, thereby reducing interference with subsequent inspection results to a certain extent and helping to ensure the complete preservation of the fluorescent liquid in the recessed area and the accuracy of the inspection.

[0076] For example, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The drainage area 212 is located on both sides of the contact area 211.

[0077] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The drainage area 212 is equipped with a drainage groove 213, within which a capillary structure is incorporated. The end of the drainage groove 213 closer to the contact area 211 is higher than the end farther from the contact area 211. This height difference allows the scraped fluorescent liquid to flow naturally along this height difference within the drainage groove 213. Simultaneously, the capillary structure guides and disperses the fluorescent liquid to a certain extent, achieving a more uniform drainage effect. Through this structural design, the drainage area 212 effectively directs the scraped fluorescent liquid away from the workpiece 10, thereby reducing the possibility of the fluorescent liquid flowing back to the edge of the surface to be inspected 11. This helps maintain the integrity of the fluorescent liquid in the recessed area and improves the accuracy of subsequent inspections.

[0078] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic detection system for surface defects in precision castings, characterized in that, include: The immersion device (100) is used to apply fluorescent liquid to the surface (11) to be tested of the workpiece (10) so that the surface (11) to be tested is covered with fluorescent liquid; A cleaning device (200) is used to clean the fluorescent liquid on the surface to be tested (11). The cleaning device (200) is configured to remove the fluorescent liquid in the non-recessed areas of the surface to be tested (11) and retain the fluorescent liquid in the recessed areas. A transfer device (300) is used to adhere to the surface to be inspected (11) by negative pressure. The transfer device (300) is configured to adhere at least a portion of the recessed area to the transfer device (300) when the recessed area exists on the surface to be inspected (11); and A detection device (400) is used to detect the fluorescent liquid adhering to the transfer device (300); The transfer device (300) is movably disposed relative to the detection device (400), and a sensor (500) is provided between the transfer device (300) and the detection device (400). The sensor (500) is used to trigger the detection device (400) to detect the transfer device (300) when it detects that the transfer device (300) has moved to the detection device (400).

2. The automatic detection system for surface defects of precision castings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transfer device (300) includes a detection stage (310) and a soft film (320), wherein the soft film (320) is movably disposed on the detection stage (310) to switch between a first state and a second state; When the soft membrane (320) is in the first state, the soft membrane (320) is spaced apart from the detection stage (310). When the soft membrane (320) is in the second state, the soft membrane (320) adheres to the surface to be tested (11) by negative pressure adsorption.

3. The automatic detection system for surface defects of precision castings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transfer device (300) further includes a cover (330) that can slide toward or away from the detection stage (310), the soft film (320) is disposed inside the cover (330), and a negative pressure cavity (331) is formed between the soft film (320) and the cover (330); The cover (330) is provided with an opening (332) communicating with the negative pressure chamber (331). The opening (332) faces the detection stage (310) and is used to allow the workpiece (10) to enter the negative pressure chamber (331). The negative pressure chamber (331) is connected to a negative pressure port (333) for adsorbing the soft membrane (320) onto the surface to be tested (11) under negative pressure.

4. The automatic surface defect detection system for precision castings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner wall of the cover (330) is provided with a first sealing ring (340), and the side of the cover (330) facing the detection table (310) is provided with a second sealing ring (350). The first sealing ring (340) and the second sealing ring (350) are both extended along the circumference of the workpiece (10). The first sealing ring (340) and the second sealing ring (350) are both hollow structures and are interconnected; The first sealing ring (340) is used to seal the gap between the cover (330) and the workpiece (10) when it expands; The second sealing ring (350) is used to force the gas inside the cover (330) into the first sealing ring (340) when the cover (330) moves toward the detection stage (310) and is squeezed, so as to cause the first sealing ring (340) to expand.

5. The automatic detection system for surface defects of precision castings according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cover (330) has an inclined surface (334) inside, and an abutment block (370) is slidably disposed on the inclined surface (334), and the first sealing ring (340) is disposed on the abutment block (370); The abutment block (370) is configured to gradually move toward the workpiece (10) along the inclined surface (334) as it slides toward a direction away from the detection table (310); At least a portion of the abutment block (370) protrudes from the side of the cover (330) facing the detection table (310) so that when the cover (330) moves toward the detection table (310), it contacts the detection table (310) and is pushed to slide away from the detection table (310); The first sealing ring (340) and the second sealing ring (350) are connected by an elastic connecting tube (360), at least a portion of which is located between the abutment block (370) and the cover (330); The elastic connecting tube (360) is configured such that, under its own elastic force, it pushes the abutment block (370) to move closer to the detection table (310); when the abutment block (370) moves away from the detection table (310), the elastic connecting tube (360) is compressed and deformed, thereby blocking the communication channel between the first sealing ring (340) and the second sealing ring (350).

6. The automatic surface defect detection system for precision castings according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a conveying device (600) for conveying the workpiece (10) between the immersion device (100), the cleaning device (200) and the transfer device (300); The immersion device (100) includes a tank (110) containing fluorescent liquid, and at least a portion of the conveying device (600) is located within the fluorescent liquid so that the workpiece (10) conveyed via the conveying device (600) can be immersed in the fluorescent liquid.

7. The automatic detection system for surface defects of precision castings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning device (200) includes a scraper (210) configured to scrape off fluorescent liquid from non-recessed areas of the surface to be tested (11) when it contacts and moves relative to the surface to be tested (11).

8. The automatic surface defect detection system for precision castings according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cleaning device (200) also includes a first frame (214), the scraper (210) is made of a rigid material, and the scraper (210) is slidably disposed on the first frame (214) in a direction close to or away from the surface to be inspected (11).

9. The automatic detection system for surface defects of precision castings according to claim 7, characterized in that, The width of the scraper (210) is greater than the width of the surface to be inspected (11). The scraper (210) includes a contact area (211) and a drainage area (212) in the width direction. The contact area (211) is used to contact the surface to be inspected (11). The drainage area (212) is located on at least one side of the contact area (211) and is used to guide the scraped fluorescent liquid away from the workpiece (10).

10. The automatic surface defect detection system for precision castings according to claim 9, characterized in that, The drainage area (212) is provided with a drainage groove (213), and the drainage groove (213) is provided with a capillary structure. The height of the drainage groove (213) at the end near the contact area (211) is higher than the end away from the contact area (211).

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