Wind vector sensor and wind vector sensing system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power sensing, and discloses a wind vector sensor and a wind vector sensing system. The wind vector sensor comprises a shell, a wind energy sensing assembly, a signal generation assembly and a signal analysis assembly. Air inlets of at least two containing cavities are formed in the circumferential outer wall of the shell at intervals. The fixed end of a sensing unit in the wind energy sensing assembly is fixed, and the free end of the sensing unit is arranged opposite to the corresponding air inlet and used for generating vibration. A generating unit in the signal generating assembly is located on one side, in the first direction, of a sensing unit corresponding to the generating unit, and the generating unit is used for generating a corresponding vibration signal according to the vibration state of the sensing unit through non-contact relative movement when the generating unit vibrates. And the signal analysis assembly is connected with the signal generation assembly and is used for acquiring the vibration signal and processing the vibration signal. The wind vector sensor can effectively respond under the conditions of low wind speed and variable wind directions, synchronously obtain wind vector information, and can stably run for a long time through self power supply in an extreme environment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wind sensing, in particular to a wind vector sensor and a wind vector sensing system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the frequent occurrence of extreme weather events and the continuous advancement of intelligent sensing and environmental monitoring technology, the demand for wind field sensing systems that can operate in real time, accurately and stably for a long time is rapidly growing.

[0003] Currently, traditional wind sensors mostly rely on batteries or stable external power supply, but batteries have the defects of short service life, low energy density and environmental pollution, which limits the application of the wind sensor in remote, unattended and extreme environments. At the same time, the existing wind sensor has poor response performance under low wind speed and variable wind direction conditions, is difficult to operate stably for a long time, and cannot synchronously obtain wind speed and direction.

[0004] Therefore, developing wind vector sensing technology that can collect energy from the environment and achieve long-term stable self-driven operation has become an important direction for the development of intelligent monitoring systems. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application discloses a wind vector sensor and a wind vector sensing system, which can effectively respond under low wind speed and variable wind direction conditions, synchronously obtain wind vector information, and operate stably for a long time in extreme environments through self-power supply.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a wind vector sensor, comprising:

[0008] a housing, the housing having at least two accommodating cavities; each accommodating cavity is provided with an air inlet, and the air inlets of the at least two accommodating cavities are arranged at the circumferential outer wall of the housing;

[0009] a wind energy sensing assembly, the wind energy sensing assembly comprising at least two sensing units, the sensing units being placed in the corresponding accommodating cavities; each sensing unit has a fixed end and a free end, the fixed end being fixed relative to the position of the accommodating cavity, and at least part of the free end being arranged opposite to the corresponding air inlet for vibration within a predetermined range along the circumference of the housing under the driving of wind force;

[0010] A signal generating component, comprising at least two generating units corresponding to the sensing units, and the generating units are placed in the same accommodating cavity as the corresponding sensing units; each of the generating units is located on one side of the corresponding sensing unit in a first direction, for generating a vibration signal corresponding to the vibration state of the sensing unit by non-contact relative movement when the generating unit vibrates; the first direction is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the air inlet and the fixed end, and the first direction is perpendicular to the vibration direction of the sensing unit;

[0011] A signal analysis component, electrically connected with the signal generating component, for acquiring the vibration signal, and analyzing, classifying and regression predicting the vibration signal.

[0012] In some embodiments, in the wind energy sensing component, the extension lines of the fixed ends of at least two sensing units intersect at the center of the shell; the included angles between adjacent sensing units are the same.

[0013] In some embodiments, the number of sensing units is eight, and the extension lines of the fixed ends of the eight sensing units all intersect at the center of the shell; the included angles between adjacent sensing units are 45 degrees.

[0014] In some embodiments, the sensing unit comprises an elastic member and a blunt body, one end of the elastic member is connected and fixed to the accommodating cavity to form the fixed end of the sensing unit; the other end of the elastic member is connected to the blunt body to form the free end of the sensing unit, and at least part of the blunt body is arranged opposite to the corresponding air inlet.

[0015] In some embodiments, the blunt body is symmetrically arranged about a first plane, the first plane is parallel to the first direction; and the center of the shell is located in the first plane.

[0016] In some embodiments, the blunt body comprises a connecting part and a functional part, the connecting part connects the elastic member; in a plane perpendicular to the first direction, at least part of the cross section of the functional part is in one of a circular shape, a rectangular shape, a triangular shape or a semicircular shape.

[0017] In some embodiments, the functional part comprises a cylindrical body and a protruding structure, the protruding structure is connected to the circumferential outer wall of the cylindrical body.

[0018] In some embodiments, a groove is provided at the connection position of the connecting part and the functional part, the opening of the groove faces away from the connecting part, and the groove extends along the first direction.

[0019] In some embodiments, the wind energy sensing assembly further comprises a magnetic auxiliary unit corresponding to the sensing unit; the magnetic auxiliary unit comprises a first magnet and a second magnet with the same polarity, the first magnet is arranged at the free end of the sensing unit and follows the sensing unit, and the second magnet is arranged on the side wall of the accommodating cavity and at least part of the second magnet is located in the vibration path of the first magnet.

[0020] In some embodiments, the generating unit comprises a first electrical member, a second electrical member, a conductive member, a charge supplementing member and a leading member, wherein:

[0021] The first electrical member is arranged at the free end of the sensing unit on the side facing the generating unit along the first direction;

[0022] The second electrical member is opposite to the first electrical member in electrical property and is arranged at intervals along the first direction;

[0023] The conductive member is fixed to the side of the second electrical member away from the first electrical member along the first direction, and the conductive member comprises two subparts arranged at intervals along the second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the air inlet and the fixed end;

[0024] The charge supplementing member comprises a first part and a second part, along the first direction, the first part is arranged between the first electrical member and the second electrical member; and the first part contacts the first electrical member opposite to the charge supplementing member in electrical property; the extension direction of the first part is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction; the second part is located between the two subparts, and the extension direction of the second part is parallel to the first direction;

[0025] The leading member connects the two subparts.

[0026] In some embodiments, the material of the first electrical member is one of fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, polyimide or polytetrafluoroethylene;

[0027] And / or, the material of the second electrical member is one of nylon film polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol or polycarbonate;

[0028] And / or, the material of the conductive member is one of copper, aluminum, iron or titanium;

[0029] And / or, the material of the charge supplementing member is one of rabbit hair, cotton or wool.

[0030] In some embodiments, the generating unit further comprises a bottom plate, the bottom plate is located on a side of the conductive member away from the second electric member along the first direction, and the conductive member is fixed to the bottom plate, and the lead-out member penetrates through the bottom plate.

[0031] In some embodiments, the shell comprises a first shell and a second shell, the second shell is connected with the first shell; the first shell is provided with the accommodating cavity, and an open side of the accommodating cavity in the first direction has an open mouth, and the second shell encloses at least part of the open mouth.

[0032] In some embodiments, the first shell is provided with a first plug-in slot in the center of the shell, the first plug-in slot is open to the air inlet, and at least part of the fixed end of the sensing unit is fixed in the first plug-in slot.

[0033] In some embodiments, the shell further comprises a fixing member, the fixing member is detachably mounted in the center of the first shell to form the accommodating cavity with the first shell; the fixing member is provided with a first plug-in slot open to the air inlet, and at least part of the fixed end of the sensing unit is fixed in the first plug-in slot.

[0034] In some embodiments, the first shell is provided with a first placement slot, and at least part of the fixing member is placed in the first placement slot.

[0035] In a second aspect, the application further provides a wind vector sensor, comprising the wind vector sensor according to any of the technical solutions in the first aspect.

[0036] The embodiment of the application has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0037] It should be noted that the wind vector sensor provided by the application is based on vortex-induced vibration and can realize omnidirectional self-power supply. Specifically, the wind vector sensor provided by the application can realize sensing and frequency difference response to wind from any wind direction through the cooperation of the wind energy sensing assembly, the signal generating assembly and the signal analysis assembly, and can simultaneously analyze the wind speed and the wind direction. The signal generating assembly adopts a non-contact independent layer triboelectric mode, which can avoid mechanical wear and tear and enhance the long-term reliability of the wind vector sensor in extreme environments such as wind sand and low temperature. The signal analysis assembly can intelligently identify and extract features of vibration signals in the channel formed by at least two accommodating cavities, realize high-precision modeling and prediction of wind vector information.

[0038] Therefore, the wind vector sensor can effectively respond under low wind speed and variable wind direction conditions, synchronously acquire wind vector information, and stably operate for a long time through self-power supply in extreme environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic view of a vector sensor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural schematic view of a vector sensor provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 1 A planar structural schematic view of a vector sensor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural schematic view of a vector sensor provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 1 A structural schematic view of an internal structure of a vector sensor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 4 A three-dimensional structural schematic view of a vector sensor provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A structural schematic view of a wind energy sensing assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural schematic view of a vector sensor provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A structural schematic view of an elastic member provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 6 A three-dimensional structural schematic view of a vector sensor provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A planar structural schematic view of a blunt body provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 7 A three-dimensional structural schematic view of a blunt body provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A three-dimensional structural schematic view of a blunt body provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 8 A three-dimensional structural schematic view of a blunt body provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 A three-dimensional structural schematic view of a blunt body provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 9 A three-dimensional structural schematic view of a first magnet provided in a vector sensor of an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 10 A three-dimensional structural schematic view of an explosion of a generating unit provided in a vector sensor of an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 11 A three-dimensional structural schematic view of a fixing member provided in a vector sensor of an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 12 A three-dimensional structural schematic view of a first housing provided in a vector sensor of an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 13 A three-dimensional structural schematic view of a fixing member provided in a vector sensor of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 11 A three-dimensional structural schematic view of a fixing member provided in a vector sensor of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A three-dimensional structural schematic view of a fixing member provided in a vector sensor of an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Label: 100, housing; 101, containing cavity; 110, first shell; 111, first placing groove; 112, second placing groove; 113, third placing groove; 120, second shell; 130, fixing piece; 131, first plug-in groove; 132, fixed part; 133, insertion part; 200, wind energy sensing assembly; 210, sensing unit; 211, elastic piece; 212, blunt body; 2121, connecting part; 2122, functional part; 2122-1, cylindrical main body; 2122-2, protruding structure; 2123, groove; 2124, counterbore; 2125, second plug-in groove; 220, magnetic auxiliary unit; 221, first magnet; 222, second magnet; 300, signal generating assembly; 310, generating unit; 311, first electrical piece; 312, second electrical piece; 313, conductive piece; 3131, subpart; 314, charge supplementing piece; 3141, first part; 315, bottom plate; A, air inlet; Z, first direction; M, first plane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] Embodiments of the present application provide a wind vector sensor. The wind vector sensor is driven by wind energy to convert and effectively apply the widely existing and sustainable green energy of wind energy.

[0054] The wind power generation system in the related art is generally based on an electromagnetic generator. The electromagnetic generator has excellent output performance at high rotation speed, but due to its complex structure, large rotational inertia and high starting torque, it is difficult for the wind power generation system to start and run efficiently in a low wind speed environment, and it is difficult to adapt to distributed, low wind speed, and variable wind direction actual application scenarios.

[0055] In comparison, the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has become an ideal choice for collecting wind energy under low wind speed conditions due to its light weight, high voltage output, sensitive response, and strong material selection, and has the potential for long-term operation in extreme environments. Specifically, the TENG type wind speed sensor in the related art couples TENG technology with a vibration structure to build a triboelectric wind sensor based on vortex-induced vibration, which can realize self-driven sensing of wind speed. However, most existing TENG type wind speed sensors focus on obtaining a single wind speed signal, and it is difficult to simultaneously consider wind direction identification, and there are still obvious deficiencies in structural stability, signal decoding accuracy and environmental adaptability. On the other hand, although the rotary TENG structure has the ability to measure wind speed and direction jointly, the wear, icing and direction sensitivity degradation caused by the rotating parts limit its practicality in complex environments.

[0056] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application provides a wind vector sensor which can effectively respond under low wind speed and variable wind direction conditions, synchronously acquire wind vector information, and stably operate for a long time through self-power supply in extreme environments.

[0057] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " represents the meaning of or, for example, A / B can represent A or B; the "and / or" in the text only describes the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which means that there are three cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "multiple" means two or more than two.

[0058] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for description purposes, and cannot be understood as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features, and in the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more than two.

[0059] The embodiment of the present application provides a wind vector sensor. Figure 1 A perspective structural schematic diagram of the vector sensor provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided. Figure 2 A perspective structural schematic diagram of the vector sensor provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided. Figure 1 A planar structural schematic diagram of the vector sensor provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided. Figure 3 A planar structural schematic diagram of the vector sensor provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided. Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of the internal structure of the vector sensor provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided. As shown in the figure, Figures 1 to 3 The wind vector sensor includes a shell 100, a wind energy sensing assembly 200, a signal generating assembly 300, and a signal analysis assembly.

[0060] The shell 100 has at least two accommodation cavities 101; each accommodation cavity 101 is provided with an air inlet A. It should be understood that Figure 1The position of the air inlet A of one accommodating cavity 101 is selected by a dashed line box, and the specific position is not limited thereto, which is only illustrative. The air inlets A of the at least two accommodating cavities 101 are arranged at intervals on the circumferential outer wall of the shell 100; the wind energy sensing assembly 200 includes at least two sensing units 210, and the sensing unit 210 is arranged in the corresponding accommodating cavity 101; each sensing unit 210 has a fixed end and a free end, the fixed end is fixed relative to the position of the accommodating cavity 101, and at least part of the free end is arranged opposite the corresponding air inlet A, and is used to vibrate in a preset range along the circumference of the shell 100 under the driving of wind.

[0061] The signal generating assembly 300 includes at least two generating units 310 corresponding to the sensing unit 210, and the generating unit 310 is arranged in the same accommodating cavity 101 as the corresponding sensing unit 210; each generating unit 310 is located on one side of the corresponding sensing unit 210 in the first direction Z, and is used to generate a vibration signal corresponding to the vibration state of the sensing unit 210 through non-contact relative motion when the generating unit 310 vibrates; the first direction Z is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the air inlet A and the fixed end, and the first direction Z is perpendicular to the vibration direction of the sensing unit 210.

[0062] When external wind enters the air inlet A and acts on the free end of the sensing unit 210, the free end of the sensing unit 210 will vibrate on a predetermined path of movement, specifically, the free end of the sensing unit 210 will vibrate in a preset range along the circumference of the shell 100. It should be understood that the circumference of the shell 100 refers to the whole circumference in a plane perpendicular to the first direction Z. The preset range of the sensing unit 210 in different accommodating cavities 101 can be the same or different. Moreover, since the air inlets A of the at least two accommodating cavities 101 are arranged at intervals on the circumferential outer wall of the shell 100, the preset range of the sensing unit 210 in different accommodating cavities 101 corresponds to different intervals of the shell 100 in the circumferential direction.

[0063] The non-contact independent layer mode is a special working mode of the friction nanogenerator, and its core feature is to realize the conversion of mechanical energy to electrical energy through non-contact relative motion (such as distance change, position offset), which can avoid the problems of material wear and friction noise that may exist in the traditional contact mode, and has unique advantages in specific scenarios.

[0064] Accordingly, in the working process of the wind vector sensor provided in the embodiments of the present application, after the external wind acts on the free end of the sensing unit 210, the free end of the sensing unit 210 generates vortex-induced vibration under the support of the fixed end. Since the air inlets A of the at least two accommodating cavities 101 are spaced apart on the circumferential outer wall of the shell 100, the wind speed acting on the free end of the sensing unit 210 facing the external wind is different, which leads to the difference in the vibration frequency of the free end of the sensing unit 210 in the different accommodating cavities 101, thereby realizing wind direction recognition.

[0065] Meanwhile, when the free end of the sensing unit 210 vibrates, each generating unit 310 corresponding to the sensing unit 210 generates a vibration signal of the vibration state of the sensing unit 210 through non-contact relative motion. When the free end of the sensing unit 210 vibrates on a given active path, the generating unit 310 generates non-contact relative motion, which generates static electricity (such as electron transfer) on the surface of the friction layer. By monitoring the activity of such electricity, the vibration frequency of the free end can be effectively identified. It should be noted that since the vibration frequencies of the free ends of the sensing units 210 in the different accommodating cavities 101 are different, the vibration signals generated by the generating units 310 corresponding to the different sensing units 210 can be different.

[0066] The signal analysis component is electrically connected with the signal generating component 300, is used for acquiring the vibration signal, and analyzes and classifies the vibration signal and regression prediction, can synchronously analyze the wind speed and wind direction data, and realizes high-precision wind vector perception. For example, by identifying the vibration frequencies of the free ends of the different sensing units 210 under different wind speeds and wind directions, the specific values of the wind speed and wind direction can be effectively and synchronously monitored.

[0067] It should be noted that the wind vector sensor provided in the embodiments of the present application is based on vortex-induced vibration and can realize omnidirectional self-power supply. Specifically, the wind vector sensor provided in the embodiments of the present application cooperates with the wind energy sensing component 200, the signal generating component 300 and the signal analysis component, the wind energy sensing component 200 can sense and frequency-difference respond to wind from any wind direction, and can consider the synchronous analysis of the wind speed and wind direction; the signal generating component 300 adopts a non-contact independent layer triboelectric mode, which can avoid mechanical wear and tear and enhance the long-term reliability of the wind vector sensor in extreme environments such as wind sand and low temperature. The signal analysis component can intelligently identify and feature extract the vibration signals in the channel formed by the at least two accommodating cavities 101, realize high-precision modeling and prediction of wind vector information.

[0068] It is worth noting that the wind vector sensor provided in this application embodiment does not require external power supply and has full self-driving capability. It can be applied to scenarios such as disaster early warning, remote monitoring, and intelligent sensing, and has broad engineering application prospects and promotional value. Moreover, the wind vector sensor provided in this application embodiment has advantages such as compact structure, sensitive response, comprehensive direction, and strong environmental adaptability.

[0069] Therefore, the wind vector sensor provided in this application embodiment can effectively respond under low wind speed and variable wind direction conditions, and synchronously acquire wind vector information, and can operate stably for a long time in extreme environments through self-powered operation.

[0070] In some embodiments, in the wind energy sensing component 200, the extension lines of the fixed ends of at least two sensing units 210 intersect at the center of the housing 100; the included angle between adjacent sensing units 210 is the same, so that the vortex-induced vibration generated at the free end of different sensing units 210 under the support of the fixed end is more accurate, which can improve the sensing effect and frequency differential response of the wind energy sensing component 200 to the external wind, and reduce the difficulty of subsequent signal analysis components in identifying and processing wind vector information in vibration signals.

[0071] It is worth noting that when setting up the wind energy sensing component 200, the number of sensing units 210 within the wind energy sensing component 200 can be set according to requirements. In a preferred embodiment, the air inlets A of multiple receiving cavities 101 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the outer shell 100 to further improve the accuracy of vortex-induced vibration generated at the free end of different sensing units 210 under the support of the fixed end, and to further improve the sensing and frequency differential response effect of the wind energy sensing component 200 to the external wind, thereby reducing the difficulty for subsequent signal analysis components to identify and process wind vector information in the vibration signal.

[0072] Furthermore, the number of sensing units 210 within the wind energy sensing component 200 can be odd or even. When it is even, the symmetry of the wind vector sensor is better, which can improve the sensing effect of the wind vector sensor on winds from different directions.

[0073] like Figure 3 As shown, in a specific embodiment, there are eight sensing units 210, and the extension lines of the fixed ends of the eight sensing units 210 all intersect at the center of the housing 100; the included angle between adjacent sensing units 210 is 45 degrees.

[0074] Specifically, when the wind energy sensing assembly 200 has eight sensing units 210 arranged at 45° with the center of the shell 100 as the origin, at least two adjacent sensing units 210 will vibrate when wind from any direction passes through the free ends of the sensing units 210. Since the free ends of the sensing units 210 that vibrate are subjected to different actual wind speeds on the respective free end surfaces of the same wind direction, the vibration frequencies are also different, thereby achieving wind direction identification.

[0075] It should be noted that when the number of sensing units 210 is set to eight, full coverage sensing and frequency differential response to wind flow from any direction can be achieved. This number setting can control the distribution density of the sensing units 210 in the circumferential direction of the shell 100 to be more appropriate, avoid the complexity of the wind vector sensor structure and the difficulty of preparation caused by too many sensing units 210, and avoid the poor accuracy of wind vector data acquisition caused by too few sensing units 210.

[0076] Figure 4 For Figure 3 The structural schematic diagram of the wind energy sensing assembly 200. In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 3 Reference Figure 4 The structure shown, the sensing unit 210 includes an elastic member 211 and a blunt body 212, one end of the elastic member 211 is connected and fixed to the receiving cavity 101, forming the fixed end of the sensing unit 210; the other end of the elastic member 211 is connected to the blunt body 212, forming the free end of the sensing unit 210, and at least part of the blunt body 212 is arranged opposite to the corresponding air inlet A.

[0077] Specifically, the wind vector sensor in the embodiment of the present application can produce different vibration frequencies through elastic regulation of the elastic member 211, so as to achieve full coverage sensing and frequency differential response to wind flow from any direction, and simultaneously analyze the wind speed and the wind direction.

[0078] It should be noted that the structural parameters of the spring member will make the sensitivity of the sensing unit 210 formed by the combination of the blunt body 212 and the elastic member 211 different when facing different wind speeds and wind directions. Figure 5 For Figure 4 The structural schematic diagram of the elastic member 211, for example, as Figure 5 When the elastic member 211 is a spring sheet, the thickness of the spring sheet will affect the sensitivity of the free end of the sensing unit 210 when facing different wind speeds and wind directions. In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the spring sheet is in the range of 0.2-0.8mm, and preferably can be 0.5mm, so as to control the sensitivity of the free end of the sensing unit 210 when facing different wind speeds and wind directions to be in an optimal state.

[0079] As Figure 3 andFigure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the blunt body 212 is symmetrically arranged with respect to a first plane M, the first plane M being parallel to the first direction Z; and the center of the shell 100 is located in the first plane M. It should be understood that, as shown in Figure 3 As shown, the first plane M corresponding to the blunt body 212 in different accommodating cavities 101 is different in the circumferential position of the shell 100, but the center of the shell 100 is located in each first plane M, that is, each first plane M intersects at the center position of the shell 100, and there is an intersection line extending along the first direction Z.

[0080] It should be noted that the present application embodiment arranges the blunt body 212 symmetrically and cooperates with the elastic member 211 to form the sensing unit 210, which can improve the response sensitivity to any wind direction and enhance the vortex-induced vibration effect.

[0081] Figure 6 For Figure 4 A planar structure diagram of the blunt body 212 is shown in the figure; Figure 7 For Figure 4 A three-dimensional structure diagram of the blunt body 212 is shown in the figure; Figure 8 For Figure 7 A three-dimensional structure diagram of the blunt body 212 at another angle is shown in the figure. Please refer to Figure 3 And Figure 4 Reference Figures 6 to 8 As shown in the structure, the blunt body 212 can be divided into a connecting part 2121 and a functional part 2122 according to the function, the connecting part 2121 connects the elastic member 211, and the functional part 2122 is used for sensing the external wind. In the specific arrangement of the blunt body 212, there are many possibilities in the structure form of the blunt body 212. In the plane perpendicular to the first direction Z, at least part of the cross section of the functional part 2122 is one of circular, rectangular, triangular or semicircular. Of course, the cross-sectional shape of the functional part 2122 can also be other, in general, the shape of the functional part 2122 can be the configuration of the blunt body 212 with aerodynamic response, to adapt to different wind field conditions and frequency response requirements, with good expandability and engineering adaptability.

[0082] As an example, as shown in Figures 6 to 8 The functional part 2122 includes a cylindrical body 2122-1 and a protruding structure 2122-2, and the protruding structure 2122-2 is connected to the circumferential outer wall of the cylindrical body 2122-1. It should be understood that, Figures 6 to 8 The two parts are schematically separated by a dashed line. The protruding structure 2122-2 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cylindrical body, so that the blunt body 212 can produce different vibration frequencies when facing different wind directions, to enhance the sensitivity of the blunt body 212 to the wind direction of the external wind.

[0083] It can be understood that the cross section of the cylindrical main body of the functional part 2122 is circular in this example. In addition, in a plane perpendicular to the first direction Z, when at least part of the cross section of the functional part 2122 is rectangular in shape, the functional part 2122 is generally plate-shaped; when at least part of the cross section of the functional part 2122 is triangular in shape, the functional part 2122 is generally triangular prism-shaped.

[0084] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 to 8 , a groove 2123 is provided at the connection position of the connecting part 2121 and the functional part 2122, the opening of the groove 2123 faces away from the connecting part 2121, and the groove 2123 extends along the first direction Z, to further enhance the response sensitivity of the blunt body 212 to changes in wind direction of external wind.

[0085] It is worth noting that the protruding structure 2122-2 and the groove 2123 provided on the surface of the cylindrical main body 2122-1 have direction-sensitive characteristics, so that the entire wind vector sensor can decode the wind direction according to the vibration frequency difference.

[0086] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 4 , the wind energy sensing assembly 200 further comprises a magnetic auxiliary unit 220 corresponding to the sensing unit 210; the magnetic auxiliary unit 220 comprises a first magnet 221 and a second magnet 222 with the same polarity, the first magnet 221 is arranged at the free end of the sensing unit 210 and follows the sensing unit 210, and the second magnet 222 is arranged on the side wall of the accommodating cavity 101, and at least part of the second magnet 222 is located in the vibration path of the first magnet 221.

[0087] In the working process, when external wind acts on the free end of the sensing unit 210 such as the blunt body 212, the free end of the sensing unit 210 generates vortex-induced vibration under the support of the fixed end. Since the free end side is provided with the second magnet 222 as shown in Figure 4 , and there is a magnetic repulsion between the second magnet 222 and the same first magnet 221 fixed on the shell 100, the blunt body 212 is forced to vibrate alternately between the walls, so that a higher frequency vibration response can be achieved under the same wind speed condition.

[0088] It should be noted that the magnetic auxiliary unit 220 can significantly improve the vibration starting ability and frequency stability under low wind speed; the wind-induced vibration is enhanced under the joint action of elastic force and magnetic repulsion.

[0089] Figure 9 The structure diagram of the first magnet 221 in the vector sensor provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown. Please refer to the structure shown in Figure 9 , in one example, the first magnet 221 is a circular magnet, which is embedded in the Figure 4 .Figure 7 and Figure 8 The side counterbore 2124 of the blunt body 212 is shown in the figure, and is in interference fit with the counterbore 2124, and is fixed by glue; as Figure 4 The second magnet 222 is a square magnet, and the area of the second magnet 222 is larger than that of the first magnet 221, so as to ensure that the first magnet 221 can always be opposite to at least part of the first magnet 221 when the first magnet 221 vibrates with the blunt body 212, so that the magnetic auxiliary unit 220 effectively exerts the magnetic repulsion effect.

[0090] Of course, the counterbore 2124 on the surface of the blunt body 212 can also be a through hole, and the first magnet 221 can only use one piece, which will not be described in detail.

[0091] Figure 10 The explosion schematic diagram of the occurrence unit 310 in the vector sensor provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. In some embodiments, as Figure 10 The occurrence unit 310 includes a first electrical element 311, a second electrical element 312, a conductive element 313, a charge supplement element 314 and a lead-out element, wherein: the first electrical element 311 is arranged on the free end of the perception unit 210 in the first direction Z and faces the occurrence unit 310; the second electrical element 312 is opposite to the first electrical element 311 in electrical property and is arranged in the first direction Z; the conductive element 313 is fixed to the side of the second electrical element 312 away from the first electrical element 311 in the first direction Z, and the conductive element 313 includes two sub-parts 3131 arranged in the second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction Z, and the second direction is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the air inlet A and the fixed end; the charge supplement element 314 includes a first part 3141 and a second part, the first part 3141 is arranged between the first electrical element 311 and the second electrical element 312 in the first direction Z; and the first part 3141 contacts the first electrical element 311 opposite to the charge supplement element 314 in electrical property; the extension direction of the first part 3141 is perpendicular to the first direction Z and the second direction; the second part is located between the two sub-parts 3131, and the extension direction of the second part is parallel to the first direction Z; the lead-out element (not labeled in the figure) is connected to the two sub-parts 3131 to lead out the vibration signal. Figure 10

[0092] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 Figure 10 ​​The structure shown, for example, the sensing unit 210 includes the elastic member 211 and the blunt body 212. When the external wind force acts on the blunt body 212, the blunt body 212 will produce vibration on the predetermined activity path, and the first electric member 311 pasted on the bottom of the blunt body 212 will produce vibration. At this time, the first electric member 311 will continuously generate induced charges relative to the second electric member 312 pasted on the second electric member 312. The induced charges will alternately appear on the two sub-parts 3131 of the conductive member 313. By monitoring the activity of such charges, the vibration frequency of the blunt body 212 can be effectively distinguished. By distinguishing the vibration frequency of different blunt bodies 212 under different wind speed and wind direction, the specific values of wind speed and wind direction can be effectively monitored. The charge supplement member 314 is used to supplement the charge in the above process, to slow down the attenuation and maintain the signal stability.

[0093] It can be understood that when the blunt body 212 slides on the side of the second electric member 312 without contact, due to electrostatic induction, there is a potential difference between the two sub-parts 3131 of the conductive member 313, so that charges will continuously transfer from one sub-part 3131 to another sub-part 3131, thereby generating alternating current and voltage signals.

[0094] The first electric member 311 can be made of negative conductive material, or can be made of positive conductive material. For example, the first electric member 311 is made of negative conductive material, the second electric member 312 is made of positive conductive material, and the charge supplement member 314 is made of positive conductive material.

[0095] For example, when the first electric member 311 is made of negative conductive material, the material of the first electric member 311 can be fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP). Specifically, the first electric member 311 can be an FEP film attached to the bottom of the blunt body 212. The material of the second electric member 312 can be nylon film polyamide. Specifically, the second electric member 312 is a nylon film. The material of the conductive member 313 can be copper. Specifically, the conductive member 313 is a copper foil. The material of the charge supplement member can be rabbit hair.

[0096] Specifically, the conductive member 313 is formed by two sub-parts 3131 of copper foil, which can be pasted on the bottom wall of the corresponding accommodating cavity 101 of the blunt body 212, and the conductive member 313 is covered with a nylon film. The two sub-parts 3131 are interspersed with sparse rabbit hair vertically upward along the first direction Z. Figure 3As shown, the shell position at the limit position of the vibration of the blunt body 212 is also pasted with rabbit hair; the bottom of the blunt body 212 is pasted with the FEP film. The overall signal generating assembly 300 is a non-contact independent layer mode of friction nanogenerator, when the blunt body 212 non-contact slides on the electrically positive material nylon film, due to electrostatic induction, the copper foil formed two sub-departments 3131 have a potential difference, so the charge will be constantly transferred between the two sub-departments 3131, thereby generating alternating current and voltage signals.

[0097] In some embodiments, as Figure 10 As shown, the generating unit 310 further includes a bottom plate 315, the bottom plate 315 is located on the side of the conductive piece 313 away from the second electric piece 312 along the first direction Z, and the conductive piece 313 is fixed to the bottom plate 315, and the lead-out piece is arranged through the bottom plate 315 to lead out from the bottom plate 315.

[0098] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the generating unit 310 integrates other structural pieces except the first electric piece 311 in the bottom plate 315, forming a more operable structural block, facilitating disassembly and assembly operations in the shell 100, which can reduce the operation difficulty and improve the operation efficiency.

[0099] In some embodiments, the signal analysis assembly can be composed of a deep learning module, when different vibration signals are collected into the signal analysis assembly through the signal acquisition card, the deep learning module classifies and predicts the signals, thereby greatly improving the accuracy of the wind speed sensor.

[0100] Specifically, when the free end of the sensing unit 210 such as the blunt body 212 vibrates, the first electric piece 311 such as the FEP film moves with it, and a periodic "cutting effect" is generated relative to the second electric piece 312 such as the nylon film, which can induce an induced charge difference between the two sub-departments 3131 formed by the conductive piece 313 such as the copper foil, thereby outputting an alternating current signal. At this time, the signal is acquired through an external signal acquisition card, and classified and analyzed through a deep learning model, and the wind speed and direction data can be synchronously analyzed, realizing high-precision wind vector sensing.

[0101] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the shell 100 includes a first shell 110 and a second shell 120, and the second shell 120 is connected with the first shell 110. In this embodiment, the shell 100 is clearly divided into the first shell 110 and the second shell 120, and the connection relationship between them is defined, so as to realize the split design of the shell 100 in structure, so that the manufacturing and assembly of the shell 100 are more flexible, and the split connection structure also helps to arrange the space inside the shell 100 to accommodate different structural pieces.

[0102] In one example, as Figure 3As shown, the first housing 110 has a receiving cavity 101, and the receiving cavity 101 has an opening on one side in the first direction Z. The second housing 120 closes at least a portion of the opening. In this case, the first housing 110 is box-shaped, and the second housing 120 is a cover plate. Of course, the first housing 110 and the second housing 120 can also be designed to cooperate to form the receiving cavity 101, which will not be described in detail here.

[0103] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing member 130 in the vector sensor provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first housing 110 in the vector sensor provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 13 for Figure 11 Middle fastener 130 and Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure after the sensing unit 210 is connected. In some embodiments, such as... Figures 11 to 13 As shown, the outer casing 100 also includes a fixing member 130, which is detachably installed at the center of the first casing 110 to cooperate with the first casing 110 to form an independent receiving cavity 101. It should be noted that this structural design can reduce assembly difficulty and improve assembly efficiency.

[0104] Please continue to refer to this. Figures 11 to 13 As shown in the structure, the fixing member 130 has a first insertion groove 131 with an opening facing the air inlet A, and at least a portion of the fixing end of the sensing unit 210 is fixed in the first insertion groove 131. It should be understood that each sensing unit 210 can be assembled with the fixing member 130 to form a whole and then assembled into the first housing 110 to reduce assembly difficulty.

[0105] For example, the spring sheet is inserted into the first insertion slot 131 in an interference fit manner and fixed with glue to ensure the connection stability between the sensing unit 210 and the first housing 110.

[0106] It is worth noting that the fixing member 130 may have an independent fixing part 132 for each sensing unit, and the fixing part 132 is provided with a first insertion groove 131; there may be gaps between different fixing parts 132.

[0107] Similarly, such as Figure 8 As shown, the connection part 2121 between the blunt body 212 and the spring sheet in the sensing unit 210 can also be grooved. After the spring sheet is inserted into the second insertion groove 2125 of the blunt body 212, it is connected by interference fit, and glue is used to bond the connection after connection to ensure the connection stability of the two parts of the structure in the sensing unit 210.

[0108] Alternatively, in some other embodiments, the fixing member 130 is not arranged in the housing 100, and the first shell 110 is provided with a first insertion slot 131 in the center of the housing 100, which is open to the air inlet A, and at least a portion of the fixed end of the sensing unit 210 is fixed in the first insertion slot 131. For example, the spring sheet is inserted into the first insertion slot 131 by interference fit, and is fixed by glue reinforcement, so as to ensure the connection stability of the sensing unit 210 and the first shell 110.

[0109] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 12 , the first shell 110 is provided with a first placement slot 111, and at least a portion of the fixing member 130 is arranged in the first placement slot 111, so as to limit the position of the fixing member 130 and ensure the stability of the fixing member 130 after assembly. Correspondingly, the fixing member 130 can be arranged as shown in Figure 11 , and the bottom is formed with an insertion part 133 matched with the shape of the first placement slot 111.

[0110] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 12 , the first shell 110 is provided with a second placement slot 112, and at least a portion of the generating unit 310 is arranged in the second placement slot 112, so as to limit the position of the generating unit 310 and ensure the stability of the generating unit 310 after assembly. Further, the bottom plate 315 of the generating unit 310 can be interference fit with the second placement slot 112, and / or be fixed by glue.

[0111] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 12 , the first shell 110 is provided with a third placement slot 113, and at least a portion of the second magnet 222 is arranged in the third placement slot 113, so as to limit the position of the second magnet 222 and ensure the stability of the second magnet 222 after assembly. Further, the second magnet 222 can be interference fit with the third placement slot 113, and / or be fixed by glue.

[0112] The embodiments of the present application also provide a wind vector sensing system, which comprises the wind vector sensor in any of the above technical solutions.

[0113] It should be noted that in the wind vector perception system provided by the embodiments of the present application, the wind vector perception device is based on vortex-induced vibration and can realize omnidirectional self-power supply. Specifically, the wind vector perception device cooperates with the wind energy perception component 200, the signal generation component 300 and the signal analysis component. The wind energy perception component 200 can perceive and frequency-difference respond to wind from any wind direction, and can simultaneously analyze the wind speed and the wind direction. The signal generation component 300 adopts a non-contact independent layer triboelectric mode, which can avoid mechanical wear and tear and enhance the long-term reliability of the wind vector perception device in extreme environments such as wind sand and low temperature. The signal analysis component can intelligently identify and feature extract the vibration signals in the channel formed by the at least two accommodation cavities 101, and realize high-precision modeling and prediction of wind vector information.

[0114] Of course, the wind vector perception system provided by the embodiments of the present application can also include other structural members, which will not be described in detail.

[0115] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application belong to the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the present application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A wind vector sensor, characterized in that, include: The housing has at least two receiving cavities; each receiving cavity is provided with an air inlet, and the air inlets of the at least two receiving cavities are spaced apart on the circumferential outer wall of the housing; A wind energy sensing component, comprising at least two sensing units, each sensing unit being placed within a corresponding receiving cavity; each sensing unit having a fixed end and a free end, the fixed end being fixed in position relative to the receiving cavity, and at least a portion of the free end being disposed opposite to the corresponding air inlet, for vibrating within a preset range along the circumference of the outer shell under wind power. A signal generating component includes at least two generating units, each corresponding to a sensing unit, and both units are placed within the same receiving cavity. Each generating unit is located on one side of its corresponding sensing unit in a first direction, and is used to generate a corresponding vibration signal from the vibration state of the sensing unit through non-contact relative motion when the generating unit vibrates. The first direction is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the air inlet and the fixed end, and is also perpendicular to the vibration direction of the sensing unit. A signal analysis component, electrically connected to the signal generation component, is used to acquire the vibration signal, analyze and classify the vibration signal, and perform regression prediction.

2. The wind vector sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the wind energy sensing component, the extension lines of the fixed ends of at least two sensing units intersect at the center of the outer shell; the included angles between adjacent sensing units are the same.

3. The wind vector sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of sensing units is eight, and the extension lines of the fixed ends of the eight sensing units all intersect at the center of the outer shell; the included angle between adjacent sensing units is 45 degrees.

4. The wind vector sensor according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The sensing unit includes an elastic element and a blunt body. One end of the elastic element is connected to and fixed to the receiving cavity to form the fixed end of the sensing unit. The other end of the elastic element is connected to the blunt body to form the free end of the sensing unit. At least a portion of the blunt body is disposed opposite to the corresponding air inlet.

5. The wind vector sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The blunt body is symmetrically arranged about a first plane, which is parallel to the first direction; and the center of the outer shell is located within the first plane.

6. The wind vector sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The blunt body includes a connecting portion and a functional portion, the connecting portion connecting the elastic member; in a plane perpendicular to the first direction, at least a portion of the cross-section of the functional portion is circular, rectangular, triangular or semi-circular.

7. The wind vector sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The functional part includes a cylindrical body and a protruding structure, the protruding structure being connected to the circumferential outer wall of the cylindrical body.

8. The wind vector sensor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The connection position between the connecting part and the functional part is provided with a groove, the opening of the groove faces away from the connecting part, and the groove extends along the first direction.

9. The wind vector sensor according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The wind energy sensing component further includes a magnetic auxiliary unit, which corresponds to the sensing unit. The magnetic auxiliary unit includes a first magnet and a second magnet with the same polarity. The first magnet is disposed at the free end of the sensing unit and moves with the sensing unit. The second magnet is disposed on the side wall of the receiving cavity, and at least a portion of the second magnet is located within the vibration path of the first magnet.

10. The wind vector sensor according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The generating unit includes a first electrical component, a second electrical component, a conductive component, a charge replenishing component, and a lead-out component, wherein: The first battery cell is disposed along the first direction on the free end of the sensing unit facing the generating unit. The second electrical component has the opposite electrical properties to the first electrical component and is spaced apart in the first direction; The conductive element is fixed along the first direction to the side of the second electrical element opposite to the first electrical element, and the conductive element includes two sub-parts spaced apart in the second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction and perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the air inlet and the fixed end. The charge replenishing member includes a first portion and a second portion. Along the first direction, the first portion is positioned between the first electrical component and the second electrical component; and the first portion contacts the first electrical component with an electrical polarity opposite to that of the charge replenishing member; the extension direction of the first portion is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction; the second portion is located between the two sub-parts, and the extension direction of the second portion is parallel to the first direction. The lead-out component connects the two sub-parts.

11. The wind vector sensor according to claim 10, characterized in that, The material used to prepare the first electrical component is one of fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, polyimide, or polytetrafluoroethylene; And / or, the material used to prepare the second electrical component is one of nylon film polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, or polycarbonate; And / or, the conductive element is made of one of copper, aluminum, iron or titanium; And / or, the material used to prepare the charge replenishing element is one of rabbit hair, cotton, or wool.

12. The wind vector sensor according to claim 10, characterized in that, The generating unit further includes a base plate, which is located along the first direction on the side of the conductive element away from the second electrical element, and the conductive element is fixed to the base plate, with the lead-out element penetrating the base plate.

13. The wind vector sensor according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The outer casing includes a first casing and a second casing, the second casing being connected to the first casing; the first casing is provided with the receiving cavity, and the receiving cavity has an opening on one side in the first direction, the second casing closing at least a portion of the opening.

14. The wind vector sensor according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first housing has a first insertion slot with an opening facing the air inlet at the center of the outer shell, and at least a portion of the fixed end of the sensing unit is fixed in the first insertion slot.

15. The wind vector sensor according to claim 13, characterized in that, The housing also includes a fixing member, which is detachably installed at the center of the first housing to cooperate with the first housing to form a receiving cavity; the fixing member is provided with a first insertion slot with an opening facing the air inlet, and at least a portion of the fixing end of the sensing unit is fixed in the first insertion slot.

16. The wind vector sensor according to claim 15, characterized in that, The first housing is provided with a first placement groove, and at least a portion of the fixing member is placed in the first placement groove.

17. A wind vector sensing system, characterized in that, Including the wind vector sensor as described in any one of claims 1-16.

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