Adjustable scattering assembly, intelligent field returning machine and use method of intelligent field returning machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, discloses an adjustable throwing assembly and an intelligent field returning machine, and aims to solve the problem of non-uniform material turning in straw field returning operation. According to the device, the inclined shovel plate is arranged in the shell to be matched with the material pushing plate which does reciprocating motion, a straw and soil mixture is pushed to the ground through triangular pushing strips on the surface of the material pushing plate, and the adjustable triangular material blocking box is arranged above the material pushing plate to control the throwing uniformity. The material pushing plate reciprocates through a driving disc-connecting rod mechanism; and the driving disc is linked with the crushing shaft. The device is further provided with a lifting inserting rod assembly, a transverse rod of the lifting inserting rod assembly is automatically inserted downwards through a second sliding block and a pressing rod linkage mechanism during operation, and a triangular inserting opening is formed in the bottom of an inserting rod to achieve straw deep burying. A right-angle transmission system is adopted to drive a crushing shaft, and a roller soil preparation and check curtain splash-proof device is arranged. And the distance-adjustable throwing height limiting mechanism, the linkage type deep soil turning assembly and the eccentric driving material pushing device remarkably improve the material dispersion uniformity and the soil improvement effect of straw returning operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural technology, and in particular to an adjustable spreading component and an intelligent returning machine and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Returning crop straw to the field is an agricultural technique that involves crushing crop straw and directly burying it in the soil. It has multiple benefits, such as improving soil quality, enhancing fertility, and reducing pollution. This technique can reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer used (nitrogen fertilizer can be reduced by 10%-15%), reduce air pollution caused by straw burning, and realize the resource utilization of agricultural waste. Currently, the rate of returning crop straw to the field in China has exceeded 60%.

[0003] When returning straw to the field, a straw returning machine is required. According to the search, CN116998303B discloses an intelligent contour-following straw crushing and returning machine that evenly spreads straw. It includes a machine shell for protecting and supporting the crusher. Although the above device can evenly distribute the material, it has a poor effect on turning over the straw above and below the ground, which affects the dispersion of the material. To address the above problems, this invention proposes an adjustable spreading component, an intelligent straw returning machine, and its usage method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an adjustable spreading component and an intelligent straw returning machine and its usage method, which solves the shortcomings of the prior art, such as poor straw turning effect on the ground surface and poor material dispersion effect.

[0005] This invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] An adjustable spreading assembly includes: a shovel plate fixed inside a housing and two first slide rails. The shovel plate is inclined. The first slide rails are respectively opened on both sides of the housing. A first slider is slidably connected in each of the first slide rails. A horizontally arranged pusher plate is fixedly connected between the first sliders. A plurality of triangular push strips are fixedly connected to the surface of the pusher plate for pushing a mixture of straw and soil.

[0007] It also includes an n-shaped sliding frame, which is slidably connected to the top of the housing. A triangular baffle box is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding frame. The baffle box is located above the push bar and is used to control the uniformity of the straw and soil mixture being spread. A threaded rod is threadedly connected to the top of the sliding frame, and the threaded rod is rotatably connected to the top of the housing.

[0008] The present invention also proposes an intelligent shoveling machine, including an adjustable spreading component and a crushing shaft. The crushing shaft rotates through both sides of the housing. Multiple crushing blades are fixedly connected to the circumference of the crushing shaft. A fixed frame is fixedly connected to the top of the housing, and a drive box is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed frame. A drive shaft and an output shaft are rotatably connected to both sides of the drive box. The drive shaft and the output shaft are arranged at right angles. A bevel gear is fixedly connected to one end of both the drive shaft and the output shaft. The two bevel gears mesh. Pulleys are fixed to the circumference of both the output shaft and the crushing shaft. The two pulleys are connected by belt drive.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention, both sides of the housing are provided with driving components for moving the pusher plate. The driving components include a driving disk, which is fixed to one end of the crushing shaft. An eccentrically arranged mounting shaft is fixedly connected to one side of the driving disk, and a connecting rod is rotatably connected between the mounting shaft and the first slider on the same side.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a traction frame is fixedly connected between one side of the fixing frame and the top of the drive box.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the housing has inclined second slides on both sides, and a second slider is slidably connected in each of the second slides. A crossbar is fixedly connected between the two second sliders, and a plurality of inclined insert rods are fixedly connected to one side of the crossbar. A tension spring is fixedly connected between the second slider and the top of the second slide.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention, fixed shafts are fixedly connected to both sides of the housing, and pressure rods are rotatably connected to the circumference of the fixed shafts. A stop rod is rotatably connected to one side of the second slider, and the stop rod and pressure rod on the same side cooperate with the first slider.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of each insertion rod is provided with a triangular insertion port for inserting part of the straw into the ground.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a roller is rotatably mounted on one end of the housing.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of rubber curtains are fixedly connected to the end of the housing away from the roller.

[0016] This invention also proposes a method for using an intelligent trowel, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1: The device is connected to the intelligent tractor via the traction frame on the fixed frame, and the drive shaft is connected to the main shaft on the intelligent tractor via the universal coupling, thereby providing driving force to the device. When the drive shaft rotates, the output shaft is driven to rotate via the bevel gear, and then the crushing shaft is driven to rotate via the pulley and belt. The crushing shaft drives the crushing blade to crush the straw.

[0018] S2: While the crushing shaft rotates, it drives the drive disc and the mounting shaft to rotate. The mounting shaft is eccentrically set, which in turn drives the connecting rod to move back and forth. The connecting rod drives the first slider to move back and forth, which in turn drives the pusher plate and the pusher bar to move. The pusher bar pushes the mixture falling from the shovel plate back to the ground. Since the straw and soil mixture is kept level and falls under the restriction of the baffle box, the mixture can be kept more uniform when falling, thus improving the soil improvement effect.

[0019] S3: During the movement of the first slider, one end of the pressure rod is pushed, causing it to rotate. The other end of the pressure rod presses down the second slider through the stop bar, thereby driving the crossbar and the insertion rod to move downward and insert into the ground. This increases soil permeability, accelerates the aerobic decomposition of straw, and avoids the production of harmful substances in an anaerobic environment. At the same time, the insertion port at the bottom of the insertion rod can also insert part of the straw into the ground, reducing straw exposure and improving decomposition efficiency.

[0020] S4: When rotating the threaded rod, the baffle box can also be moved by the sliding frame, thereby adjusting the distance between the baffle box and the push bar, which is convenient for use under different crushing depths and improves the flexibility of use.

[0021] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and do not limit the invention.

[0022] In this invention, the combined use of the pusher plate and the baffle box allows the mixture falling from the shovel plate to be pushed back to the ground by the pusher bar. Since the straw and soil mixture is kept level and falls evenly under the constraint of the baffle box, the mixture can be kept more uniform when falling, thus improving the soil improvement effect.

[0023] In this invention, the movable baffle box allows for adjustment of the distance between the baffle box and the push bar when the threaded rod is rotated, facilitating use at different crushing depths and improving operational flexibility.

[0024] In this invention, the coordinated use of multiple insert rods allows the horizontal bar and insert rods to penetrate the ground when they move downwards, thereby increasing soil permeability, accelerating the aerobic decomposition of straw, and preventing the generation of harmful substances in an anaerobic environment.

[0025] In this invention, by setting an insertion port at the bottom of the insertion rod, part of the straw can be inserted into the ground through the insertion port at the bottom of the insertion rod, reducing straw exposure and improving decomposition efficiency;

[0026] In this invention, the mixture can be kept more uniform when falling, improving the soil improvement effect. At the same time, it can increase soil permeability, accelerate the aerobic decomposition of straw, avoid the generation of harmful substances in anaerobic environments, and also insert some straw into the ground, reducing straw exposure and improving decomposition efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a first-view three-dimensional structural diagram of an adjustable spreading component and an intelligent returning machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a second-view three-dimensional structural diagram of an adjustable spreading component and an intelligent returning machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of an adjustable spreading component and an intelligent returning machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pusher plate installation structure of an adjustable spreading component and an intelligent returning machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pole installation structure of an adjustable spreading component and an intelligent returning machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure label:

[0033] 1. Housing; 2. Fixing frame; 3. Drive box; 4. Drive shaft; 5. Output shaft; 6. Pulley; 7. Traction frame; 8. Baffle; 9. Roller; 10. First slide rail; 11. Bevel gear; 12. Crushing shaft; 13. Crushing blade; 14. Push plate; 15. Push bar; 16. Baffle box; 17. Sliding frame; 18. Threaded rod; 19. Shovel plate; 20. First slider; 21. Connecting rod; 22. Drive disc; 23. Mounting shaft; 24. Second slider; 25. Crossbar; 26. Insert rod; 27. Insertion port; 28. Tension spring; 29. ​​Stop bar; 30. Fixing shaft; 31. Pressure rod. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Reference Figures 1-5 An adjustable spreading component includes: a shovel plate 19 fixed inside a housing 1 and two first slide rails 10. The shovel plate 19 is inclined and is used to scoop up the surface-crushed mixture and then evenly disperse it to improve the decomposition effect of straw. The first slide rails 10 are respectively opened on both sides of the housing 1. A first slider 20 is slidably connected inside each of the first slide rails 10. A horizontally arranged pusher plate 14 is fixedly connected between the first sliders 20. Multiple push strips 15 are fixedly connected to the surface of the pusher plate 14 for pushing the straw-soil mixture. The pusher plate 14 can move and push the mixture backward through the push strips 15 to avoid accumulation.

[0037] Among them, the pusher 15 can adopt the following structural forms: 1. Wave-shaped pusher: The continuous wave-shaped protrusion design can reduce the material adhesion phenomenon during the pushing process and improve the uniformity of mixture dispersion; 2. Sawtooth triangular pusher: The side of the triangular pusher is set with an interlaced sawtooth structure to enhance the crushing effect on straw clumps.

[0038] It also includes an n-shaped sliding frame 17, which is slidably connected to the top of the housing 1. A triangular baffle box 16 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding frame 17. The baffle box 16 is located above the push bar 15 and is used to control the uniformity of the straw and soil mixture. The push bar 15 pushes the mixture falling from the shovel plate 19 back to the ground. Because the straw and soil mixture is kept level under the restriction of the baffle box 16, the mixture can be kept more uniform when falling, thus improving the soil improvement effect. The top of the sliding frame 17 is threadedly connected to a through threaded rod 18, which is rotatably connected to the top of the housing 1. When the threaded rod 18 is rotated, the baffle box 16 can also be moved by the sliding frame 17, thereby adjusting the distance between the baffle box 16 and the push bar 15, which is convenient for use under different crushing depths and improves the flexibility of use.

[0039] The present invention also proposes an intelligent straw returning machine, including an adjustable spreading component and a crushing shaft 12. The crushing shaft 12 rotatably passes between the two sides of the housing 1. Multiple crushing blades 13 are fixedly connected to the circumference of the crushing shaft 12. A fixing frame 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the housing 1. A drive box 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing frame 2. A drive shaft 4 and an output shaft 5 are rotatably connected to the two sides of the drive box 3. The drive shaft 4 and the output shaft 5 are set at right angles. A bevel gear 11 is fixedly connected to one end of both the drive shaft 4 and the output shaft 5. The two bevel gears 11 mesh. Belt pulleys 6 are fixed to the circumference of the output shaft 5 and the circumference of the crushing shaft 12. The two belt pulleys 6 are connected by belt drive. When the drive shaft 4 rotates, the output shaft 5 is driven to rotate through the bevel gears 11, and then the crushing shaft 12 is driven to rotate through the belt pulleys 6 and the belt. The crushing shaft 12 drives the crushing blades 13 to crush the straw.

[0040] In this invention, both sides of the housing 1 are provided with driving components for moving the pusher plate 14. The driving components include a driving disk 22, which is fixed to one end of the crushing shaft 12. An eccentrically set mounting shaft 23 is fixedly connected to one side of the driving disk 22. A connecting rod 21 is rotatably connected between the mounting shaft 23 and the first slider 20 on the same side. When the crushing shaft 12 rotates, it drives the driving disk 22 and the mounting shaft 23 to rotate. The eccentric setting of the mounting shaft 23 drives the connecting rod 21 to reciprocate. The connecting rod 21 drives the first slider 20 to reciprocate, which in turn drives the pusher plate 14 and the pusher bar 15 to move. The pusher bar 15 pushes the mixture falling from the shovel plate 19 back to the ground.

[0041] In particular, a traction frame 7 is fixedly connected between one side of the fixed frame 2 and the top of the drive box 3. The traction frame 7 on the fixed frame 2 is connected to the intelligent tractor, and the drive shaft 4 is connected to the main shaft on the intelligent tractor through a universal coupling, thereby providing driving force to the device.

[0042] It should be noted that both sides of the housing 1 have inclined second slides, and each second slide has a sliding block 24 connected to it. A crossbar 25 is fixedly connected between the two second slides 24. Multiple inclined insertion rods 26 are fixedly connected to one side of the crossbar 25 (the insertion rods 26 can be modularly designed, providing various replaceable plugs such as triangles, crosses, and crescents). A tension spring 28 is fixedly connected between the second slide and the top of the second slide. Both sides of the housing 1 have fixed shafts 30, and pressure rods 31 are rotatably connected to the circumference of the fixed shafts 30. A stop rod 29 is rotatably connected to one side of each second slide. The stop rod 29 and pressure rod 31 on the same side work together with the first slide 20. During the movement of the first slide 20, one end of the pressure rod 31 is pushed, causing it to rotate. The other end of the pressure rod 31 presses down on the second slide 24 through the stop rod 29, thereby driving the crossbar 25 and the insertion rods 26 to move downward and insert into the ground, thereby increasing soil permeability and accelerating the aerobic decomposition of straw.

[0043] In this invention, the bottom of each insertion rod 26 is provided with a triangular insertion port 27 for inserting part of the straw into the ground. The insertion port 27 at the bottom of the insertion rod 26 can also insert part of the straw into the ground, reducing straw exposure and improving decomposition efficiency.

[0044] In particular, a roller 9 is rotatably mounted on one end of the housing 1, and the roller 9 can keep the ground flat.

[0045] It should be noted that multiple rubber curtains 8 are fixedly connected to the end of the housing 1 away from the roller 9, which reduces the splashing of mud.

[0046] This invention also proposes a method for using an intelligent trowel, comprising the following steps:

[0047] S1: The device is connected to the intelligent tractor via the traction frame 7 on the fixed frame 2, and the drive shaft 4 is connected to the main shaft on the intelligent tractor via the universal coupling, thereby providing driving force to the device. When the drive shaft 4 rotates, the output shaft 5 is driven to rotate via the bevel gear 11, and then the crushing shaft 12 is driven to rotate via the pulley 6 and the belt. The crushing shaft 12 drives the crushing blade 13 to crush the straw.

[0048] S2: While the crushing shaft 12 rotates, it drives the drive disc 22 and the mounting shaft 23 to rotate. The mounting shaft 23 is eccentrically set, which in turn drives the connecting rod 21 to move back and forth. The connecting rod 21 drives the first slider 20 to move back and forth, which in turn drives the pusher plate 14 and the pusher bar 15 to move. The pusher bar 15 pushes the mixture falling from the shovel plate 19 back to the ground. Since the straw and soil mixture is kept level and falls under the restriction of the baffle box 16, the mixture can be kept more uniform when falling, thus improving the soil improvement effect.

[0049] S3: During the movement of the first slider 20, one end of the pressure rod 31 is pushed, causing it to rotate. The other end of the pressure rod 31 presses down the second slider 24 through the stop rod 29, thereby driving the crossbar 25 and the insertion rod 26 to move downward and insert into the ground. This increases soil permeability, accelerates the aerobic decomposition of straw, and avoids the production of harmful substances in an anaerobic environment. At the same time, the insertion port 27 at the bottom of the insertion rod 26 can also insert part of the straw into the ground, reducing straw exposure and improving decomposition efficiency.

[0050] S4: When rotating the threaded rod 18, the sliding frame 17 can also drive the baffle box 16 to move, thereby adjusting the distance between the baffle box 16 and the push bar 15, which is convenient for use under different crushing depths and improves the flexibility of use.

[0051] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An adjustable spreading component, characterized in that, include: A shovel plate (19) and two first slide rails (10) are fixed inside the housing (1). The shovel plate (19) is inclined. The first slide rails (10) are respectively opened on both sides of the housing (1). A first slider (20) is slidably connected in the first slide rails (10). A horizontally arranged pusher plate (14) is fixedly connected between the first sliders (20). A number of triangular push strips (15) are fixedly connected to the surface of the pusher plate (14) for pushing the straw and soil mixture. It also includes an n-shaped sliding frame (17), which is slidably connected to the top of the housing (1). A triangular baffle box (16) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding frame (17). The baffle box (16) is located above the push bar (15) to control the uniformity of the straw and soil mixture. A threaded rod (18) is threadedly connected to the top of the sliding frame (17), and the threaded rod (18) is rotatably connected to the top of the housing (1).

2. An intelligent shoveling machine, comprising the adjustable spreading component as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a crushing shaft (12), which rotates through the two sides of the housing (1). Multiple crushing blades (13) are fixedly connected to the circumference of the crushing shaft (12). A fixed frame (2) is fixedly connected to the top of the housing (1). A drive box (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed frame (2). A drive shaft (4) and an output shaft (5) are rotatably connected to both sides of the drive box (3). The drive shaft (4) and the output shaft (5) are set at right angles. A bevel gear (11) is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft (4) and the output shaft (5). The two bevel gears (11) mesh. A pulley (6) is fixed to the circumference of the output shaft (5) and the circumference of the crushing shaft (12). The two pulleys (6) are connected by belt drive.

3. The intelligent troweling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both sides of the housing (1) are provided with driving components for moving the pusher plate (14). The driving components include a driving disk (22), which is fixed to one end of the crushing shaft (12). An eccentric mounting shaft (23) is fixedly connected to one side of the driving disk (22). A connecting rod (21) is rotatably connected between the mounting shaft (23) and the first slider (20) on the same side.

4. The intelligent troweling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, A traction frame (7) is fixedly connected between one side of the fixed frame (2) and the top of the drive box (3).

5. The intelligent troweling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The housing (1) has two inclined second slides on both sides, and a second slider (24) is slidably connected in each second slide. A crossbar (25) is fixedly connected between the two second sliders (24). A plurality of inclined insert rods (26) are fixedly connected to one side of the crossbar (25). A tension spring (28) is fixedly connected between the second slider (24) and the top of the second slide.

6. The intelligent troweling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both sides of the housing (1) are fixedly connected to a fixed shaft (30), and a pressure rod (31) is rotatably connected to the circumference of the fixed shaft (30). A stop rod (29) is rotatably connected to one side of the second slider (24). The stop rod (29) and pressure rod (31) on the same side are used in conjunction with the first slider (20).

7. The intelligent troweling machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom of each insertion rod (26) is provided with a triangular insertion port (27) for inserting part of the straw into the ground.

8. The intelligent troweling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, A roller (9) is rotatably mounted on one end of the housing (1).

9. The intelligent troweling machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, Multiple rubber curtains (8) are fixedly connected to one end of the housing (1) away from the roller (9).

10. The method of using the intelligent troweling machine according to any one of claims 2-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The device is connected to the intelligent tractor via the traction frame (7) on the fixed frame (2), and the drive shaft (4) is connected to the main shaft on the intelligent tractor via the universal coupling, thereby providing driving force to the device. When the drive shaft (4) rotates, the output shaft (5) is driven to rotate via the bevel gear (11), and then the crushing shaft (12) is driven to rotate via the pulley (6) and belt. The crushing shaft (12) drives the crushing blade (13) to crush the straw. S2: While the crushing shaft (12) rotates, it drives the drive disc (22) and the mounting shaft (23) to rotate. The mounting shaft (23) is eccentrically set, which in turn drives the connecting rod (21) to move back and forth. The connecting rod (21) drives the first slider (20) to move back and forth, which in turn drives the pusher plate (14) and the pusher (15) to move. The pusher (15) pushes the mixture that has fallen from the shovel plate (19) back to the ground. Since the straw and soil mixture is kept level and falls under the restriction of the baffle box (16), the mixture can be kept more uniform when falling, thus improving the soil improvement effect. S3: During the movement of the first slider (20), one end of the pressure rod (31) is pushed, causing it to rotate. The other end of the pressure rod (31) presses down the second slider (24) through the stop rod (29), thereby driving the crossbar (25) and the insertion rod (26) to move downward and insert into the ground. This increases soil permeability, accelerates the aerobic decomposition of straw, and avoids the generation of harmful substances in an anaerobic environment. At the same time, the insertion port (27) at the bottom of the insertion rod (26) can also insert some straw into the ground, reduce straw exposure, and improve decomposition efficiency. S4: When rotating the threaded rod (18), the baffle box (16) can also be moved by the sliding frame (17), thereby adjusting the distance between the baffle box (16) and the push bar (15), which is convenient for use under different crushing depth conditions and improves the flexibility of use.

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