Cold compress patch for perineum wound of puerpera and intelligent nursing system

Abstract

The invention discloses a cold compress patch for a perineum wound of a puerpera and an intelligent nursing system, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments. Wherein the cold compress patch is of an attached trousers type structure, and an elastic tightening structure is arranged on the edge of the cold compress patch, so that the cold compress patch can be attached to the body of a puerpera, and displacement is prevented; the cold compress patch comprises a main body part and an elastic fixing structure connected with the main body part, the main body part is used for covering a perineum wound area of a puerpera, and the elastic fixing structure is used for fixing the main body part on the puerpera; the main body part comprises a breathable waterproof layer, a cold compress layer and a non-woven fabric layer from outside to inside; wherein medicine components are added into the cold compress layer; a temperature sensor is arranged in the non-woven fabric layer and used for monitoring the temperature of the contact position of the cold compress patch and the skin of the puerpera in real time and transmitting temperature data to the intelligent temperature control device. The intelligent temperature control device is integrated on the breathable waterproof layer, is thermally coupled with the cold compress layer and is used for automatically adjusting the temperature of the cold compress layer based on the temperature data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a cold compress and intelligent care system for postpartum perineal wounds. Background Technology

[0002] Among the numerous childbirth cases each year, most women who deliver vaginally experience perineal tears or episiotomies. Therefore, perineal wound care is necessary for women who deliver vaginally. The first 24 to 48 hours postpartum are the peak period for pain and the highest risk of infection.

[0003] Among related technologies, mainstream cold compress products are divided into three categories: rectangular hydrogel patches, which rely on medical tape for fixation; elastic bandage-wrapped ice packs, which require manual bandaging by nurses; and external semiconductor cooling solutions, where the sensor is placed on the cold source side and PID intermittent cooling is used.

[0004] However, rectangular hydrogel patches cannot conform to the saddle-shaped curve of the perineum, and are prone to displacement when the mother turns over, requiring repeated application with medical tape; elastic bandage-wrapped ice packs have unquantifiable bandage pressure, which can affect blood circulation if too tight, or slip off if too loose, and condensation can seep into the surface of the ice pack, causing the outer dressing to become damp and posing a risk of bacterial growth; external semiconductor cooling solutions place the temperature sensor on the cold source side, with a hydrogel insulation layer between it and the skin, resulting in delayed thermal feedback and overshooting of the actual skin temperature, thus increasing the risk of frostbite for the mother. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a cold compress and intelligent care system for postpartum perineal wounds to solve the problems of existing cold compress products, such as easy displacement, unquantifiable bandage pressure, or delayed thermal feedback.

[0006] On one hand, this application provides a cold compress for postpartum perineal wounds. The cold compress has a fitted, trouser-like structure, and its edges are provided with an elastic tightening structure to ensure it conforms to the postpartum woman's body and prevents displacement during use. The cold compress includes a main body and an elastic fixing structure connected to the main body. The main body covers the postpartum woman's perineal wound area, and the elastic fixing structure secures the main body to the woman's body. The main body includes a breathable and waterproof layer, a cold compress layer, and a non-woven fabric layer, from the outside to the inside. The cold compress layer contains medicinal ingredients with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and wound-healing properties. A temperature sensor is provided in the non-woven fabric layer to monitor the temperature at the point of contact between the cold compress and the woman's skin in real time and transmit the temperature data to an intelligent temperature control device. The intelligent temperature control device is integrated into the breathable and waterproof layer and is thermally coupled to the cold compress layer to automatically adjust the temperature of the cold compress layer based on the temperature data.

[0007] In one possible embodiment, the elastic tightening structure is a high-elasticity elastic band that can automatically adjust the tightening force according to the mother's body shape to ensure that the cold compress adheres closely to the skin; the high-elasticity elastic band is equipped with a temperature compensation element inside, which can automatically adjust the elastic modulus of the high-elasticity elastic band according to changes in ambient temperature.

[0008] In one possible embodiment, the intelligent temperature control device includes a miniature cooling unit, a control circuit, and a power module; the miniature cooling unit is thermally coupled to the cooling layer and can absorb heat from the cooling layer when energized, so as to keep the temperature of the cooling layer within a preset range; the control circuit automatically adjusts the working power of the miniature cooling unit according to the temperature sensor data and through a control algorithm, so as to keep the temperature of the cooling layer within the preset range; the power module is used to provide working voltage for the miniature cooling unit and the control circuit.

[0009] In one possible embodiment, the intelligent temperature control device further includes a data storage module and a wireless communication module; the data storage module is used to store historical usage data of the cold compress, including temperature, time, and pressure information; the wireless communication module is used to periodically transmit the historical usage data to an external device so that the target object can perform remote monitoring and data analysis.

[0010] In one possible embodiment, a pressure sensor is provided in the cold compress layer; the pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure between the cold compress and the postpartum woman's skin in real time and transmit the pressure data to the intelligent temperature control device; the intelligent temperature control device adjusts the tightness of the elastic fixing structure to a preset range according to the pressure data.

[0011] In one possible embodiment, the leg opening edge of the cold compress is provided with an anti-roll-up structure; the anti-roll-up structure is a double-layer folded structure or an embedded elastic structure to prevent the leg opening edge from rolling up during use; the edge of the anti-roll-up structure is wrapped with soft medical-grade silicone material to reduce friction and irritation to the postpartum woman's skin and improve the comfort of use.

[0012] In one possible embodiment, the cold compress layer is provided with a biodegradable three-dimensional porous fiber skeleton; after absorbing the exudate from the wound, the three-dimensional porous fiber skeleton can expand and form a slow-release gel network to support the three-dimensional structure of the cold compress layer; wherein, the three-dimensional porous fiber skeleton is made of polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer (PLGA) and gelatin composite, the degradation cycle is 4-6 weeks, and the degradation products can be absorbed by the human body and excreted with metabolism.

[0013] On one hand, this application provides an intelligent care system for postpartum perineal wounds, including any of the aforementioned cold compresses and a mobile terminal application that works in conjunction with the cold compresses. The mobile terminal application is used to: receive temperature data, cold compress time, and pressure data transmitted by the cold compresses, and display in real time the temperature change curve and pressure change curve of the postpartum perineal wound area; predict and analyze the postpartum wound recovery based on the temperature change curve and pressure change curve, and obtain the prediction and analysis results; and generate corresponding cold compress suggestions based on the prediction and analysis results; wherein, the cold compress suggestions include cold compress time, replacement frequency, and pressure adjustment.

[0014] In one possible embodiment, the mobile terminal application is integrated with the hospital information system to associate postpartum cold compress care data with medical record information to manage the postpartum woman's comprehensive health data throughout the perinatal period; and the mobile terminal application is interconnected with smart medical devices, including electronic medical record systems and laboratory testing equipment, to seamlessly connect and share with the postpartum woman's comprehensive health data, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of medical care.

[0015] In one possible embodiment, the mobile terminal application has a built-in blockchain client; the blockchain client is used to write the timestamp, temperature change curve, pressure change curve, cold compress batch number, and postpartum anonymized identity of each cold compress care event into the consortium blockchain; the nodes of the consortium blockchain include hospitals, health commissions, insurance institutions, and cold compress manufacturers. When an abnormal temperature or pressure threshold is detected, the on-chain smart contract is triggered to push tiered warning information to the mother, the responsible nurse, and the regulatory node, and simultaneously lock the subsequent use of the corresponding batch of cold compresses.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This application provides a cold compress and intelligent care system for postpartum perineal wounds. The system features a "fitting, pant-like structure" that conforms to the perineal curve. An elastically tightening edge structure forms a continuous wrap, preventing the cold compress from shifting due to the mother's turning or walking, ensuring the cold compress layer always covers the wound. Furthermore, a temperature sensor is embedded in the non-woven fabric layer, adhering closely to the skin, providing real-time temperature data at the perineal wound without delay. An intelligent temperature control device integrated into the breathable and waterproof layer is thermally coupled to the cold compress layer, automatically adjusting the temperature based on the feedback signal to prevent overcooling or overheating failure. Additionally, the breathable and waterproof layer, the cold compress layer, and the non-woven fabric layer are stacked from the outside in, balancing breathability, leak prevention, and sustained drug release, achieving constant temperature analgesia with a single application, reducing the frequency of changes and improving comfort. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cold compress for postpartum perineal wounds in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of a cold compress in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cold compress layer in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent nursing system for postpartum perineal wounds in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than that shown here.

[0020] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0021] The design concept of the embodiments of this application is briefly introduced below: For postpartum women, the 24-48 hours after delivery are the peak period for pain and the high-risk period for infection. Among related technologies, mainstream cold compress products fall into three categories: rectangular hydrogel patches, which rely on medical tape for fixation; elastic bandage-wrapped ice packs, which require manual application by nurses; and external semiconductor cooling solutions, where the sensor is placed on the cold source side and uses PID intermittent cooling.

[0022] However, rectangular hydrogel patches cannot conform to the saddle-shaped curve of the perineum, and are prone to displacement when the mother turns over, requiring repeated application with medical tape; elastic bandage-wrapped ice packs have unquantifiable bandage pressure, which can affect blood circulation if too tight, or slip off if too loose, and condensation can seep into the surface of the ice pack, causing the outer dressing to become damp and posing a risk of bacterial growth; external semiconductor cooling solutions place the temperature sensor on the cold source side, with a hydrogel insulation layer between it and the skin, resulting in delayed thermal feedback and overshooting of the actual skin temperature, thus increasing the risk of frostbite for the mother.

[0023] In view of this, this application provides a cold compress for postpartum perineal wounds. The cold compress has a fitted, trouser-like structure, and its edges are provided with an elastic tightening structure to ensure it conforms to the postpartum woman's body and prevents displacement during use. The cold compress includes a main body and an elastic fixing structure connected to the main body. The main body covers the postpartum woman's perineal wound area, and the elastic fixing structure secures the main body to the woman's body. The main body includes a breathable and waterproof layer, a cold compress layer, and a non-woven fabric layer, from the outside to the inside. The cold compress layer contains medicinal ingredients with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and wound-healing properties. A temperature sensor is provided in the non-woven fabric layer to monitor the temperature at the point of contact between the cold compress and the woman's skin in real time and transmit the temperature data to an intelligent temperature control device. The intelligent temperature control device is integrated into the breathable and waterproof layer and is thermally coupled to the cold compress layer to automatically adjust the temperature of the cold compress layer based on the temperature data. Thus, the "fitting pant-like structure" corresponds to the perineal curve, and the elastic edge tightening structure forms a complete wrap around the wound, preventing the cooling compress from shifting due to the mother turning over or walking, ensuring that the cooling layer always covers the wound. Furthermore, a temperature sensor is embedded in the non-woven fabric layer, adhering closely to the skin, providing real-time temperature data at the perineal wound without delay. An intelligent temperature control device integrated into the breathable and waterproof layer is thermally coupled with the cooling compress layer, automatically adjusting the temperature based on the feedback signal to prevent overcooling or overheating failure. In addition, the breathable and waterproof layer, the cooling compress layer, and the non-woven fabric layer are stacked from the outside in, balancing breathability, leak prevention, and sustained drug release, achieving constant temperature analgesia with a single application, reducing the frequency of changes and improving comfort.

[0024] The preferred embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this application. Furthermore, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0025] like Figure 1 The image shown is a schematic diagram of a cold compress for postpartum perineal wounds provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1The cold compress has a fitted pant-like structure, and the edge of the cold compress is provided with an elastic tightening structure 101 so that the cold compress can fit the mother's body and prevent it from shifting during use. The cold compress includes a main body 102 and an elastic fixing structure 103 connected to the main body. The main body is used to cover the perineal wound area of ​​the mother, and the elastic fixing structure is used to fix the main body to the mother's body.

[0026] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 The image shown is a schematic diagram of the main body of a cold compress provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 In the middle, the main body 102 includes a breathable and waterproof layer 201, a cold compress layer 202 and a non-woven fabric layer 203 from the outside to the inside; wherein, the cold compress layer 202 contains drug components with anti-inflammatory, analgesic and wound-healing effects.

[0027] Optionally, a soluble microneedle array extending along its thickness direction is added to the cold compress layer 202. This microneedle array is made of a soluble polymer, such as a blend of hyaluronic acid and PLGA, with drug components embedded inside. The microneedle tip density is 25-35 per square centimeter, and the length is 0.3-0.5 mm. When the temperature of the cold compress layer 202 is adjusted to a preset range, such as [14, 16] degrees Celsius, the microneedle array completely dissolves under body temperature and slight pressure, achieving rapid transdermal drug release. At the same time, the microchannels formed in situ after the microneedles dissolve further promote the continuous penetration of the remaining drug in the cold compress layer. Thus, without increasing the number of applications, the onset time of anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects is shortened, and the duration of drug efficacy is prolonged, significantly improving the drug utilization rate and clinical efficacy of the cold compress layer 202.

[0028] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, a temperature sensor 301 is provided in the non-woven fabric layer 203. The temperature sensor 301 is used to monitor the temperature of the cold compress in contact with the mother's skin in real time and transmit the temperature data to the intelligent temperature control device 302. The intelligent temperature control device 302 is integrated into the breathable and waterproof layer 201 and is thermally coupled to the cold compress layer 202. It is used to automatically adjust the temperature of the cold compress layer based on the temperature data.

[0029] Optionally, the nonwoven fabric layer 203 adopts a dual-layer partitioned structure—the inner layer facing the skin is a superhydrophilic nanofiber mesh, and the outer layer facing the cooling layer 202 is a hydrophobic microporous membrane; the temperature sensor 301 is embedded in a "sensing-heat storage microcapsule" between the two layers. This microcapsule is made of a thermocouple chip encapsulated in a highly thermally conductive phase change material (melting point 30 ℃). When the postpartum woman's skin temperature is higher than the threshold (generally 36.5 degrees Celsius), the phase change material instantly absorbs heat and liquefies, rapidly conducting heat to the thermocouple chip, enabling the sensor to complete temperature sampling within 0.2 s; when the temperature is lower than the threshold, the material solidifies and releases heat, delaying the loss of cold energy. The "sensing-heat storage microcapsule" also serves as a wireless radio frequency antenna, transmitting temperature data without batteries or wires to the intelligent temperature control device 302 integrated on the breathable and waterproof layer 201 via Near Field Communication (NFC), thus realizing the integration of "sensing-heat storage-communication" and completely solving the problems of constraint, delay and energy consumption caused by traditional wired temperature transmission.

[0030] In one possible embodiment, the elastic tightening structure 101 is a high-elasticity elastic band that can automatically adjust the tightening force according to the mother's body shape to ensure that the cold compress adheres closely to the skin; the high-elasticity elastic band is equipped with a temperature compensation element inside, which can automatically adjust the elastic modulus of the high-elasticity elastic band according to changes in ambient temperature.

[0031] Optionally, the temperature compensation element is a "shape memory alloy-graphene composite microfilament," which uses a 0.1 mm diameter nickel-titanium alloy wire as the core and a single layer of graphene coated on the outside through chemical vapor deposition. When the ambient temperature rises to the target temperature (e.g., 32 degrees Celsius), the austenitic phase transformation temperature of the composite microfilament is prematurely triggered by the thermal vibration of the graphene lattice, causing the alloy wire to shorten and thus instantly reducing the apparent elastic modulus of the high-elasticity elastic band. Conversely, when the temperature drops, the microfilament reverts to the martensitic phase, and the elastic modulus recovers. This "thermo-mechanical" self-regulating mechanism can complete the response in a short time without an external power source, enabling the cold compress to adapt to different seasons and air-conditioned ward environments, avoiding excessive pressure or slippage, and significantly improving the comfort and safety of postpartum women wearing it for extended periods.

[0032] In one possible embodiment, the intelligent temperature control device 302 includes a micro-cooling unit, a control circuit, and a power module; the micro-cooling unit is thermally coupled to the cooling layer and can absorb heat from the cooling layer when energized to keep the temperature of the cooling layer; the control circuit automatically adjusts the operating power of the micro-cooling unit according to temperature sensor data and through a control algorithm to keep the temperature of the cooling layer within a preset range; the power module is used to provide operating voltage for the micro-cooling unit and the control circuit.

[0033] Optionally, the micro-cooling unit adopts a two-stage coupling structure of "flexible thin-film thermopile-phase change heat storage": the first stage is a flexible thermopile of bismuth telluride / antimony telluride printed on a polyimide substrate, with a thickness ≤0.3 mm, which can bend with the cooling layer without breaking; the second stage is a microcapsule phase change layer (paraffin-expanded graphite composite with a melting point of 18 ℃) closely attached to the cold end of the thermopile, used to temporarily store the latent heat after heat absorption. During operation, the thermopile first cools down rapidly, and the phase change layer begins to absorb latent heat through solid-liquid phase change when it reaches 18 ℃, thereby extending the constant temperature platform of the cooling layer by 2-3 times (about 6-8 hours) without continuous power supply. When the mother rests or the power is cut off at night, the phase change layer releases heat in the reverse direction, and the weak current of the thermopile maintains a low-power heat preservation mode to avoid a sudden temperature rise, which is both energy-saving and extends the operating time, realizing practical constant temperature control of "cooling when powered and slow release when powered off".

[0034] In one possible embodiment, the intelligent temperature control device 302 further includes a data storage module and a wireless communication module; the data storage module is used to store historical usage data of the cold compress, including temperature, time, and pressure information; the wireless communication module is used to periodically transmit the historical usage data to an external device so that the target object can perform remote monitoring and data analysis.

[0035] Optionally, the wireless communication module integrates a "low-power Bluetooth + ultra-wideband (UWB) dual-protocol" chip and employs an "energy harvesting-backhaul integrated antenna," meaning the antenna pattern simultaneously serves as a 2.4 GHz Bluetooth radiator and a UWB ultra-wideband positioning tag, with a flexible piezoelectric film embedded in the RF front end. During the mother's daily activities, the film converts micro-vibrations (such as walking or turning over) into electrical energy, providing intermittent power to the dual-protocol chip, enabling "self-powered and self-positioning" data backhaul. This allows for continuous operation for several days without battery replacement. The UWB signal enables real-time positioning errors at the nurse station, automatically recording the actual wearing time and location shift of the cold compress. In case of abnormal displacement or detachment, the chip immediately broadcasts an alarm via Bluetooth, reducing manual inspections and improving nursing efficiency.

[0036] In one possible embodiment, the cold compress layer 202 is provided with a pressure sensor; the pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure between the cold compress and the postpartum woman's skin in real time and transmit the pressure data to the intelligent temperature control device; the intelligent temperature control device adjusts the tightness of the elastic fixing structure to a preset range according to the pressure data.

[0037] Optionally, the pressure sensor employs a "fiber Bragg grating-hydrogel composite microstrip" structure: a 0.05mm diameter fiber Bragg grating is embedded within a 0.2mm thick conductive hydrogel strip, arranged in an S-shape along the inner surface of the cooling patch. When the cooling patch is compressed, the change in hydrogel resistance and the shift in fiber wavelength are detected synchronously. The intelligent temperature control device, through a built-in machine learning model, quickly compares the pressure waveform with a database of postpartum positions and automatically sends pulse currents to the miniature shape memory alloy wires in the elastic fixation structure, allowing the tightening force to be steplessly adjusted between 0.3 N and 1.2 N. This solution requires no battery and can be powered by the reflected light intensity of the grating, achieving "self-sensing and self-adjusting pressure," avoiding ischemia due to excessive tightness or displacement due to excessive looseness, significantly improving wearing comfort and safety.

[0038] In one possible embodiment, the leg opening edge of the cold compress is provided with an anti-roll-up structure; the anti-roll-up structure is a double-layer folded structure or an embedded elastic structure to prevent the leg opening edge from rolling up during use; the edge of the anti-roll-up structure is wrapped with soft medical-grade silicone material to reduce friction and irritation to the postpartum woman's skin and improve the comfort of use.

[0039] Optionally, the anti-rolling structure incorporates a detachable "micro-magnetically controlled deformation wire"—made of medical-grade nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire (0.1 mm in diameter) wrapped in flexible silicone, with iron oxide nanoparticles encapsulated within the wire. When the mother needs to get out of bed, it is activated via her mobile phone's NFC or the low-frequency magnetic field at the nurse's station. The nickel-titanium wire recovers from its soft state (low-temperature phase) to an "Ω"-shaped elastic piece, immediately stretching the edge of the leg opening outward to form a rigid support ring, preventing the fabric from wrinkling and rolling up. When lying still, the magnetic field is turned off, and the wire returns to its soft state, rebounding synchronously with the silicone to maintain a soft and conforming fit. This design achieves "one-click anti-rolling" without compromising comfort, and the magnetically controlled wire can be repeatedly bent, making it suitable for repeated clinical use.

[0040] In one possible embodiment, the cold compress layer 202 is provided with a biodegradable three-dimensional porous fiber skeleton; after absorbing the exudate from the wound, the three-dimensional porous fiber skeleton can expand and form a sustained-release gel network to support the three-dimensional structure of the cold compress layer; wherein, the three-dimensional porous fiber skeleton is made of polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer PLGA and gelatin composite, the degradation cycle is 4-6 weeks, and the degradation products can be absorbed by the human body and excreted with metabolism.

[0041] Optionally, a thermosensitive phosphorescent quantum dot-chitosan oligosaccharide film with a thickness of approximately 50 nm can be grown in situ on the pore walls of the three-dimensional porous fiber framework. When the temperature of the cold compress layer is ≥34 ℃, the quantum dot fluorescence is enhanced, and the internal temperature distribution of the cold compress layer can be displayed in real time via a mobile terminal through non-invasive optical readings; when the temperature drops to ≤20 ℃, the fluorescence quenches, reminding the user to replace the cold compress. The film itself can degrade synchronously with the framework without additional toxicity; the chitosan oligosaccharide imparts antibacterial activity to the wound, reducing the risk of infection. This "self-indicating-self-antibacterial" function achieves the dual effects of temperature visualization and wound protection, improving clinical safety and nursing efficiency.

[0042] On the other hand, embodiments of this application also provide an intelligent care system for postpartum perineal wounds, including any of the above-mentioned cold compresses and a mobile terminal application that works in conjunction with the cold compresses.

[0043] like Figure 4 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of an intelligent nursing system for postpartum perineal wounds provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 In this system, a mobile application is installed on mobile terminal 401, which connects to the cold compress via a wireless network. The mobile application is used to: receive temperature data, cold compress time, and pressure data transmitted from the cold compress, and display in real-time temperature and pressure change curves of the postpartum perineal wound area; predict and analyze the wound recovery based on the temperature and pressure change curves, obtaining predictive analysis results; and generate corresponding cold compress suggestions based on the predictive analysis results, including cold compress time, replacement frequency, and pressure adjustment.

[0044] Specifically, extract the "temperature rise slope k" from the temperature change curve. T Fluctuation amplitude ΔT, duration of constant temperature maintenance t T "and extract the peak pressure P from the pressure change curve" max Pressure decay half-life t 1 / 2 The pressure-time integral AUC; within a preset time (e.g., within 30 minutes) after the first use, the mobile terminal automatically collects the mother's resting temperature T0 and pressure P0, and combines this with the incision length L and tear grade G from the electronic medical record to generate an individual baseline vector V0 = [T0, P0, L, G]; a sliding window double threshold method is used, with a 2-hour window, when k T Exceeding the dynamic threshold T thr = T0 + 0.8 °C and t 1 / 2 A reduction of more than 20% in temperature is designated as the "active inflammatory phase"; a decrease of ΔT < 0.3 °C and a 30% decrease in AUC is designated as the "recovery phase." The threshold T... thr With P thrThe system adjusts the settings in real time according to V0 to avoid a one-size-fits-all approach; it inputs the features within the window into a lightweight Transformer model and outputs the recovery probability P after 6 hours; when P ≥ 0.75, the system suggests "gradually reducing the intensity of cold compresses by 20%"; when P < 0.4, it triggers the intervention strategy of "extending cold compresses by 2 hours + reducing pressure by 15%" and pushes it to the nurse station simultaneously.

[0045] In one possible embodiment, the mobile application is integrated with the hospital information system to associate postpartum cold compress care data with medical record information in order to manage the postpartum woman's comprehensive health data throughout the perinatal period.

[0046] Optionally, the mobile application establishes a connection through the HIS (Hospital Information System) and generates a unique "perinatal cold compress ID" when the mother's medical record is created, binding it to the mother's medical record number and laboratory barcode. Then, when the mother uses the cold compress, the system automatically writes the mother's cold compress care data into the medical record, including: uploading temperature, pressure, and wearing time data for the cold compress at predetermined intervals; the system automatically writes the above data into the "Postpartum Care Record" node of the electronic medical record, eliminating the need for nurses to re-enter the data. Next, when the HIS receives an abnormal C-reactive protein (CRP) or white blood cell count command, the system immediately retrieves the cold compress temperature curve from the electronic medical record. If the temperature > 36.5 ℃ and the pressure > 25 mmHg, it automatically generates a medical order to extend the cold compress time and reduce the pressure of the cold compress binding, and pushes it to the nurse's personal digital assistant (PDA). Furthermore, the cold compress batch number, temperature-pressure-laboratory test data are stored in an encrypted JSON package in the hospital's research database for archiving. The archived data is encrypted twice, using a CA certificate and a mobile security token, and then returned to the mobile application through a compliant channel for postpartum women to view. This enables comprehensive management of the mother's health data throughout the perinatal period, achieving real-time, accurate, and traceable perinatal care, significantly reducing postpartum infection rates and improving care efficiency.

[0047] In one possible embodiment, the mobile terminal application is interconnected with smart medical devices, including electronic medical record systems and testing equipment, to seamlessly connect and share comprehensive health data of the mother, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of medical care.

[0048] Specifically, through a mobile application, cold compresses, the Electronic Medical Record (EMR) system, the Laboratory Information System (LIS), and the Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) are linked to the "Perinatal Cold Compress ID" to establish a communication link. When the cold compress is in operation, it uploads real-time temperature and pressure data. The LIS converts CRP and white blood cell counts, the PACS converts perineal ultrasound results, and the EMR converts incision grade data into unified JSON fields. Based on the converted field data, if the temperature and CRP data are abnormal, the "Infection Warning" template in the EMR is immediately invoked to generate a "Prolonged Cold Compress + Decompression" order, which is then written back to the nurse's PDA execution form. Furthermore, the PDA execution form, encrypted with the hospital's CA certificate, is automatically synchronized to the mother's mobile application.

[0049] In one possible embodiment, the mobile terminal application has a built-in blockchain client; the blockchain client is used to write the timestamp, temperature change curve, pressure change curve, cold compress batch number, and postpartum anonymized identity of each cold compress care event into the consortium blockchain; the nodes of the consortium blockchain include hospitals, health commissions, insurance institutions, and cold compress manufacturers; when an abnormal temperature or pressure threshold is detected, the on-chain smart contract is triggered to push tiered warning information to the postpartum woman, the responsible nurse, and the regulatory node, and simultaneously lock the subsequent use of the corresponding batch of cold compresses.

[0050] Specifically, the cold compresses send temperature, pressure, batch number, and anonymous ID to the mobile terminal at fixed intervals. The mobile terminal calls the hospital's consortium blockchain gateway, and after consensus among all nodes, the data is written into the block. The on-chain contract scans new blocks in real time, and once it detects that the temperature or pressure exceeds the preset range, it triggers a tiered warning script, pushing corresponding level messages to the postpartum woman, nurses' station, and health commission nodes. After the warning is triggered, the contract automatically calls the manufacturer's inventory interface to set the status of that batch of cold compresses to "suspended from shipment," and broadcasts it to the hospital pharmacy and regulatory nodes, achieving immediate full-chain shutdown and forming a closed loop of data-warning-lockdown.

[0051] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A cold compress for postpartum perineal wounds, characterized in that, The cold compress has a fitted pant-like structure, and the edges of the cold compress have an elastic tightening structure, so that the cold compress can fit the mother's body and prevent it from shifting during use. The cold compress includes a main body and an elastic fixing structure connected to the main body. The main body is used to cover the perineal wound area of ​​the postpartum woman, and the elastic fixing structure is used to fix the main body to the postpartum woman. The main body includes a breathable and waterproof layer, a cold compress layer, and a non-woven fabric layer, from the outside to the inside. The cold compress layer contains medicinal ingredients with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and wound-healing properties. A temperature sensor is embedded in the non-woven fabric layer to monitor the temperature of the cold compress at the point of contact with the mother's skin in real time and transmit the temperature data to an intelligent temperature control device. This intelligent temperature control device is integrated into the breathable and waterproof layer and is thermally coupled to the cold compress layer, enabling automatic temperature adjustment of the cold compress layer based on the temperature data.

2. The cold compress as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic tightening structure is a high-elasticity elastic band that can automatically adjust the tightening force according to the mother's body shape, ensuring that the cold compress adheres closely to the skin. The high-elasticity rubber band is equipped with a temperature compensation element inside, which can automatically adjust the elastic modulus of the high-elasticity rubber band according to changes in ambient temperature.

3. The cold compress as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent temperature control device includes a miniature refrigeration unit, a control circuit, and a power module; The micro-cooling unit is thermally coupled to the cooling layer and can absorb the heat of the cooling layer when energized, so as to reduce the temperature of the cooling layer. The control circuit automatically adjusts the working power of the micro-cooling unit according to the temperature sensor data and through a control algorithm, so that the temperature of the cooling layer is within a preset range; The power module is used to provide operating voltage for the micro-refrigeration unit and the control circuit.

4. The cold compress as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent temperature control device also includes a data storage module and a wireless communication module; The data storage module is used to store the historical usage data of the cold compress, which includes temperature, time, and pressure information. The wireless communication module is used to periodically transmit the historical usage data to an external device so that the target object can be remotely monitored and analyzed.

5. The cold compress as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling layer is equipped with a pressure sensor; The pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure between the cold compress and the postpartum woman's skin in real time and transmit the pressure data to the intelligent temperature control device. The intelligent temperature control device adjusts the tightness of the elastic fixing structure to a preset range based on the pressure data.

6. The cold compress as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The leg opening edge of the cold compress is provided with an anti-rolling structure; The anti-rolling structure is a double-layer folding structure or an embedded elastic structure to prevent the edge of the leg opening from rolling up during use. The edges of the anti-rolling structure are wrapped with soft medical-grade silicone material to reduce friction and irritation to the postpartum woman's skin and improve comfort.

7. The cold compress as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling layer contains a biodegradable three-dimensional porous fiber skeleton. The three-dimensional porous fiber skeleton can expand and form a slow-release gel network after absorbing the exudate from the wound, which is used to support the three-dimensional structure of the cold compress layer. The three-dimensional porous fiber skeleton is made of polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer (PLGA) and gelatin. The degradation cycle is 4-6 weeks, and the degradation products can be absorbed by the human body and excreted with metabolism.

8. An intelligent care system for postpartum perineal wounds, characterized in that, Includes the cold compress according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and a mobile terminal application for use with the cold compress, the mobile terminal application being used for: It receives temperature data, cold compress time, and pressure data transmitted by the cold compress patch, and displays the temperature change curve and pressure change curve of the perineal wound area of ​​the postpartum woman in real time; Based on the temperature change curve and the pressure change curve, the postpartum wound recovery is predicted and analyzed, and the prediction and analysis results are obtained. Based on the predictive analysis results, corresponding cold compress recommendations are generated; wherein, the cold compress recommendations include cold compress time, replacement frequency, and pressure adjustment.

9. The intelligent nursing system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The mobile application is integrated with the hospital information system to link postpartum cold compress care data with medical record information, thereby managing the postpartum woman's comprehensive health data throughout the perinatal period; and The mobile terminal application and the smart medical devices, including electronic medical record systems and testing equipment, are interconnected to seamlessly connect and share comprehensive health data of the mother, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of medical care.

10. The intelligent nursing system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The mobile terminal application has a built-in blockchain client; The blockchain client is used to write the timestamp, temperature change curve, pressure change curve, cold compress batch number, and postpartum anonymized identity of each cold compress care event into the consortium blockchain; the nodes of the consortium blockchain include hospitals, health commissions, insurance institutions, and cold compress manufacturers. When an abnormal temperature or pressure threshold is detected, the on-chain smart contract is triggered to push tiered warning information to the mother, the responsible nurse, and the regulatory node, and simultaneously lock the subsequent use of the corresponding batch of cold compresses.

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