A slope excavation device and its construction method

Abstract

This application relates to the technical field of slope protection, and more particularly to a slope excavation device and its construction method. It includes a drill rod for connection to an anchor drilling rig and a drill bit mounted on the drill rod. The drill rod and drill bit drill holes in the slope. It also includes an anchor rod inserted into the drill rod. The drill bit is equipped with a fixing component, and the drill bit is detachably connected to the drill rod via the fixing component. After the drill rod is separated from the anchor drilling rig in the slope, the anchor rod is inserted into the drill rod, and the drill rod and drill bit separate. The anchor rod is equipped with a reinforcing component for strengthening the anchor rod. The reinforcing component includes a movable ring mounted on the anchor rod, a first reinforcing rod rotatably connected to the movable ring, and a second reinforcing rod rotatably connected to the anchor rod. The first reinforcing rod is equipped with a hinge component. This application has the advantages of facilitating anchor rod installation and improving anchor rod strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of slope protection, and in particular to a slope excavation device and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of geotechnical engineering or engineering geology (geological engineering), the term "slope" generally refers to the general term for slope forms such as natural slopes, riverbanks, landslide deposits, and artificial slopes (formed by transportation roads, open-pit mining, construction sites, and foundation engineering, etc.). In the slope protection of highways, railways, and water conservancy projects, high slope protection equipment is widely used to enhance slope stability and prevent natural disasters such as landslides and debris flows.

[0003] Currently, common high slope excavation equipment on the market includes excavators, slope drilling machines, protective anchor bolts, and protective frames cast on the slope. The excavator trims the slope, then scaffolding is erected. Holes are drilled in the slope using a drilling machine, and anchor bolts are installed in the anchor bolt holes. Finally, mortar is poured into the anchor bolt holes. After the anchor bolts solidify, a steel cage is built on the anchor bolts, support formwork is installed, and concrete is poured to form a protective anchor bolt frame beam. Greenery is planted within the frame. This method improves the stability of the slope to a certain extent.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent document CN223202358U discloses a high slope protection anchor frame beam assembly, including a central seat. A first protective beam is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the central seat, a second protective beam is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the central seat, and a third and fourth protective beams are fixedly connected to opposite side surfaces of the central seat, respectively. A threaded hole is formed through the side surface of the central seat, and a protective anchor rod is screwed into the threaded hole. A connecting block is fixedly connected to the side surface of the fourth protective beam. A connecting groove is formed on the side surface of the third protective beam, and the connecting block can be engaged with the inner wall of the connecting groove. Several reinforcing cones are fixedly connected to the side surfaces of the first, second, third, and fourth protective beams. A first limiting groove is formed through the upper surface of the connecting block. The protective component units are prefabricated with concrete. When construction is required, several protective components are transported to the high slope. The first protective component unit is then placed on the slope, with the reinforcing cone inserted into the soil of the slope. Subsequently, the first protective component unit is stably fixed to the slope by screwing the protective anchor into the inner wall of the threaded hole and inserting the protective anchor into the soil of the slope.

[0005] In the aforementioned related technologies, when installing protective anchor bolts, it is necessary to drill holes at designated locations on the slope using an anchor bolt drilling machine. After drilling is completed, the drill bit and drill rod are removed from the slope, and then the anchor bolt is inserted into the drill hole. Grout is injected into the anchor bolt hole using a grouting machine. After grouting is completed, the grout is allowed to solidify, and finally the protective unit is installed on the prefabricated anchor bolt to complete the slope protection. However, during the installation of the anchor bolt, the drill rod and drill bit need to be removed from the slope before the anchor bolt can be installed in the drill hole on the slope. During the process of pulling out the drill rod, the drill hole may collapse due to loss of support, and the anchor bolt may not be fully inserted into the slope. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a slope excavation device and its construction method, aiming to solve the problems in related technologies such as reducing the collapse of boreholes on slopes and the inability of anchor bolts to be fully inserted into the slope.

[0007] First aspect:

[0008] The slope excavation equipment provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A slope excavation device includes a drill rod for connection to an anchor drilling rig and a drill bit mounted on the drill rod. The drill rod and drill bit drill holes in the slope. The device also includes an anchor rod inserted into the drill rod. The drill bit is equipped with a fixing component, and the drill bit is detachably connected to the drill rod via the fixing component. After the drill rod is separated from the anchor drilling rig in the slope, the anchor rod is inserted into the drill rod, and the drill rod and drill bit separate. The anchor rod is equipped with a reinforcement component for reinforcing the anchor rod. The reinforcement component includes a movable ring mounted on the anchor rod, a first reinforcement rod rotatably connected to the movable ring, and a second reinforcement rod rotatably connected to the anchor rod. The first reinforcement rod is equipped with a hinge component, which connects the first reinforcement rod and the second reinforcement rod. The movable ring slides and rotates on the anchor rod. When the movable ring moves the end of the first reinforcement rod away from the hinge component toward the second reinforcement rod, the angle between the first and second reinforcement rods decreases, and the connection point between the first and second reinforcement rods inserts into the inner wall of the borehole.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, after the excavator in the slope excavation equipment levels the slope, the drill bit is installed on the drill rod. The anchor drilling rig drives the drill rod and drill bit to work, inserting them into the slope to create a borehole. After the borehole is completed, the end of the drill rod away from the drill bit separates from the anchor drilling rig. Then, the anchor rod and the reinforcement components installed on the anchor rod are inserted into the drill rod, separating it from the drill bit. After the drill rod is removed from the borehole, it is moved by a moving ring, causing the first reinforcement rod to connect with the second... The angle between the two reinforcing rods decreases, and the connection between the first and second reinforcing rods is inserted into the inner wall of the borehole. This increases the connection strength between the anchor and the slope. Finally, grout is injected into the borehole through the anchor. During the grouting process, the grout flows from the bottom of the borehole to the outside and eventually fills the entire borehole. The setting of the first and second reinforcing rods can improve the connection strength of the anchor. At the same time, the drill rod is removed only after the anchor and the reinforcing components are inserted into the borehole, which makes it easier to insert the anchor into the slope.

[0011] Optionally, the hinge assembly includes a hinge ball rotatably connected to the first reinforcing rod and a hinge sleeve fitted on the hinge ball, one end of the second reinforcing rod being rotatably connected to the hinge sleeve, and the hinge ball being rotatably connected to the hinge sleeve.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, since the moving ring can rotate on the anchor rod, the mortar entering the borehole can be stirred during the rotation of the moving ring, which helps to expel the gas in the mortar and makes the mortar stronger after solidification.

[0013] Optionally, the anchor bolt surface is provided with a movable groove, the movable groove is provided along the axial direction of the anchor bolt, the anchor bolt is provided with an annular limiting groove, the annular limiting groove is provided around the circumference of the anchor bolt, one end of the movable groove is connected to the annular limiting groove, and a movable block is fixedly installed on the movable ring, the movable block is slidably connected in the movable groove.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, when it is necessary to adjust the angle between the first reinforcing rod and the second reinforcing rod, the moving ring slides on the anchor rod, thereby adjusting the position of the first reinforcing rod. The moving ring drives one end of the first reinforcing rod to rotate, and then the first reinforcing rod will be tilted. At this time, the moving block slides in the annular limiting groove. The moving block and the moving groove are misaligned to limit the position of the moving block. Then the included angle between the first reinforcing rod and the second reinforcing rod will not change. When the moving block rotates in the annular limiting groove, it is convenient to drive the first reinforcing rod to swing and stir the mortar in the borehole.

[0015] Optionally, the drill bit is provided with a cleaning plate, which includes an installation part and a cleaning part. The diameter of the installation part is smaller than the diameter of the cleaning part, and the diameter of the cleaning part is the same as the diameter of the drill rod. The outer diameter of the installation part is the same as the inner diameter of the drill rod. The end of the drill rod is sleeved on the installation part. The fixing component is used to fix the installation part on the drill rod. A moving rod is sleeved on the anchor rod. A connecting component is provided on the installation part. When the anchor rod is fully inserted into the drill rod, the moving rod is connected to the cleaning plate through the connecting component. The moving rod is provided with a clearance groove for making way for the reinforcement component.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, after the drill rod is removed from the borehole, as the grout enters the borehole, the cleaning plate is moved towards the borehole opening by a moving rod. During the grouting process, the moving rod drives the cleaning plate to move back and forth, vibrating the grout in the borehole, which helps to expel gas from the grout. At the same time, as the cleaning plate moves closer to the borehole opening, it cleans up the soil that has fallen into the borehole, thus reducing the amount of soil residue in the borehole. In addition, the cleaning plate supports the end of the anchor rod away from the drill bit, which can reduce the tilting of the anchor rod in the borehole and improve the stability of the anchor rod.

[0017] Optionally, the connecting assembly includes a connecting rod slidably connected to the mounting part and a connecting spring disposed on the connecting rod. The end of the connecting spring away from the connecting rod is fixed to the mounting part. The connecting spring pushes the connecting rod to move in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the drill rod. The moving rod is provided with a connecting groove. When the connecting rod is in the connecting groove, the cleaning plate is fixed on the moving rod.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, during the movement of the moving rod and the anchor rod, the connecting rod will correspond to the connecting groove on the moving rod, and then the connecting spring will push the connecting rod to insert into the connecting groove. At this time, the cleaning plate is fixed on the moving rod, and finally the moving rod can drive the cleaning plate to move back and forth in the borehole.

[0019] Optionally, the fixing assembly includes a fixing rod slidably connected to the drill bit, an mounting rod slidably connected to the drill bit, a fixing groove formed on the drill rod, and a fixing spring for pushing the fixing rod into the fixing groove. One end of the fixing spring is fixed inside the drill bit, and the other end is fixed to the mounting rod. The fixing rod and the mounting rod are arranged vertically, and the mounting rod is slidably connected inside the drill bit. The drill bit is provided with a pushing assembly for pushing the fixing rod out of the fixing groove.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when installing the drill bit, a fixing spring is used to fix one fixing rod to the cleaning plate, and then another fixing rod fixes the drill rod to the cleaning plate, thereby achieving the connection between the drill bit and the drill rod. After the pushing component drives the fixing rod to disengage from the fixing groove, the drill rod separates from the cleaning plate, and the cleaning plate separates from the drill bit, making it easy to remove the drill rod and the cleaning plate from the borehole.

[0021] Optionally, the pushing assembly includes a pushing rod slidably connected in the drill bit cavity and a pushing inclined surface disposed on the pushing rod. The mounting rod has a pushing groove, the pushing rod is disposed along the axial direction of the drill bit, and the pushing rod passes through the pushing groove, with the pushing inclined surface abutting against the inner wall of the pushing groove.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, when the fixed rod needs to be disengaged from the fixed groove, the push rod moves, and the push inclined plane will push the fixed rod to move away from the fixed groove. The fixed spring is compressed, and finally the cleaning plate, drill bit and drill rod are separated.

[0023] Optionally, the drill bit has a sliding connection to an installation ring, the push rod is fixedly connected to the installation ring, a support spring is fixedly installed on the installation ring, and the end of the support spring away from the installation ring is fixed to the inner wall of the drill bit.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the anchor bolt will come into contact with the mounting ring during the movement of the anchor bolt. Then, as the mounting ring moves, the mounting ring drives the push rod to move, and the support spring is compressed, which makes it easier to drive the push rod to move.

[0025] Optionally, the connecting rod is provided with an abutment surface, the abutment surface is inclined, and the end face of the moving rod is provided with an arc-shaped surface. When the anchor rod and the moving rod move simultaneously, the arc-shaped surface on the moving rod will abut against the abutment surface.

[0026] The second aspect:

[0027] A slope construction method includes the following steps: S1: The fixing component fixes the cleaning plate to the drill bit and the drill rod to the cleaning plate. The anchor drilling machine drives the drill rod and the drill bit to work, and the drill rod is inserted into the slope.

[0028] S2: The drill rod is separated from the anchor drilling machine, the anchor rod and reinforcement components are inserted into the drill rod, and then the components are pushed to make the fixing rod disengage from the fixing groove, and the drill rod is taken out from the borehole;

[0029] S3: The reinforcement component reinforces the anchor bolt, and grout is injected into the bottom of the borehole through the anchor bolt;

[0030] S4: The cleaning plate moves back and forth, vibrating the slurry inside the borehole;

[0031] S5: After the cleaning plate is moved to the borehole opening, the moving ring drives the first reinforcing rod to rotate, stirring the slurry in the borehole.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solution, excavators and anchor drilling rigs are needed in the slope support process. The anchor drilling rig drives the drill rod and drill bit to drill holes in the slope. After drilling is completed, the anchor drilling rig is separated from the drill rod, and the anchor rod is inserted into the drill hole. The anchor rod pushes the installation ring to move, and the installation ring drives the push rod to move. The push rod causes the fixed rod to disengage from the fixed groove. At the same time, the connecting rod moves into the connecting groove under the action of the connecting spring. Then, the drill rod is removed from the drill hole. After the drill rod is removed, the grouting pipe is connected to the anchor rod, and the grout in the grouting pipe flows through the hollow core. The anchor rod enters the bottom of the borehole, while the cleaning plate moves outward. The cleaning plate reciprocates to vibrate the grout. When the cleaning plate moves to the borehole opening, it abuts against the inner wall of the borehole, thus supporting the anchor rod inside the borehole. Then, by moving and rotating the moving ring, the grout inside the borehole is stirred, further expelling air from the grout. The moving rod moves and rotates to adjust the positions of the first and second reinforcing rods, so that the connection between the first and second reinforcing rods is inserted into the inner wall of the borehole, further improving the strength of the anchor rod within the slope.

[0033] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0034] 1. The installation of the first and second reinforcing rods can improve the connection strength of the anchor rod. At the same time, the drill rod is removed only after the anchor rod and the reinforcing component are inserted into the borehole, which makes it easier to insert the anchor rod into the slope. The movable ring can rotate on the anchor rod. During the rotation of the movable ring, the mortar entering the borehole can be stirred, which helps to expel the gas in the mortar and make the mortar stronger after solidification.

[0035] 2. During the grouting process, the moving rod drives the cleaning plate to move back and forth, vibrating the grout in the borehole, which helps to expel gas from the grout. At the same time, as the cleaning plate moves closer to the borehole opening, it cleans up the soil that has fallen into the borehole, thus reducing the amount of soil residue in the borehole. In addition, the cleaning plate supports the end of the anchor rod away from the drill bit, which can reduce the tilting of the anchor rod in the borehole and improve the stability of the anchor rod. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the drill rod structure in the slope according to an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the drill pipe according to an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing component structure inside the drill bit according to an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 4 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the drill bit, cleaning plate, and drill pipe according to an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pushing component structure according to an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the cleaning plate according to an embodiment of this application.

[0042] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the reinforcement component structure according to an embodiment of this application.

[0044] Reference numerals: 1. Drill rod; 11. Drill bit; 12. Anchor rod; 13. Moving rod; 14. Mounting ring; 15. Support spring; 16. Adjusting rod; 17. Abutment surface; 18. Arc-shaped surface; 2. Fixing assembly; 21. Fixing rod; 22. Mounting rod; 23. Fixing groove; 24. Fixing spring; 3. Pushing assembly; 31. Pushing rod; 32. Pushing inclined surface; 33. Pushing groove; 4. Cleaning plate; 41. Mounting part; 42. Cleaning part; 5. Connecting assembly; 51. Connecting rod; 52. Connecting spring; 53. Connecting groove; 6. Reinforcing assembly; 61. Moving ring; 62. First reinforcing rod; 63. Second reinforcing rod; 7. Hinge assembly; 71. Hinge ball; 72. Hinge sleeve; 8. Moving groove; 81. Annular limiting groove; 82. Moving block. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The following combination Figures 1-8 This application will be described in further detail.

[0046] First aspect:

[0047] This application discloses a slope excavation device. (Refer to...) Figures 1 to 3A slope excavation device includes a drill rod 1 for connection with an anchor drilling rig, a drill bit 11 mounted on the drill rod 1, and an anchor rod 12 inserted into the drill rod 1. A fixing component 2 is provided on the drill bit 11 to fix the drill bit 11 to the drill rod 1. A pushing component 3 is provided on the drill bit 11 to drive the fixing component 2 away from the drill rod 1, facilitating the removal of the drill rod 1 from the slope. The anchor drilling rig drives the anchor rod 12 and the drill bit 11 to drill the slope. After drilling, the end of drill rod 1 is separated from the anchor drilling machine, and then anchor rod 12 is inserted into drill rod 1. When anchor rod 12 is completely moved into drill rod 1, anchor rod 12 causes pushing component 3 to drive fixing component 2 to move, so that drill bit 11 and drill rod 1 are separated. Drill rod 1 is then directly removed from the borehole of the slope. Since anchor rod 12 is set inside drill rod 1, the position of anchor rod 12 remains unchanged during the process of pulling out drill rod 1. This can reduce the occurrence of situations where anchor rod 12 cannot be inserted into the borehole.

[0048] In this embodiment, the anchor rod 12 is a hollow structure with openings at both ends. After the drill rod 1 is removed from the borehole on the slope, the grouting pipe is connected to the opening on the outside of the anchor rod 12, and grout is injected into the hollow anchor rod 12. The grout inside the anchor rod 12 enters the borehole through the opening at the lower end, flows outward from the bottom of the borehole, and finally completely fills the borehole. In this embodiment, the drill bit 11 has a cavity to facilitate the installation of the fixing component 2 and the pushing component 3.

[0049] Reference Figures 3 to 7 A cleaning plate 4 is provided on the drill bit 11. The cleaning plate 4 includes a mounting part 41 and a cleaning part 42. The diameter of the mounting part 41 is smaller than the diameter of the cleaning part 42, and the diameter of the cleaning part 42 is the same as the diameter of the drill rod 1. The outer diameter of the mounting part 41 is the same as the inner diameter of the drill rod 1. The drill rod 1 can then be fitted onto the mounting part 41. At the same time, the cleaning plate 4 is provided with a cavity. The cavity reduces the weight of the cleaning plate 4, making it easier for the cleaning plate 4 to move within the borehole. Since the diameter of the cleaning part 42 is larger than the diameter of the mounting part 41, the cleaning plate 4 will form a stepped structure. The end of the drill rod 1 will abut against the stepped surface, thereby facilitating the clamping of the cleaning plate 4 and allowing the cleaning plate 4 to better abut against the drill bit 11.

[0050] Reference Figures 3 to 7 Multiple positioning protrusions are fixedly installed on the end face of the cleaning section 42. The multiple positioning protrusions are evenly spaced along the circumference of the cleaning section 42. At the same time, a positioning groove is provided on the drill bit 11. When the positioning protrusion is in the positioning groove, the fixing rod 21 corresponds to the fixing groove 23, which facilitates the fixing spring 24 to push the fixing rod 21 to move into the fixing groove 23.

[0051] Reference Figures 3 to 7The cleaning plate 4 is also fixed to the drill bit 11 by the fixing component 2. After the drill rod 1 is completely removed from the borehole, the cleaning plate 4 moves outward as the grout flows outward from the bottom of the borehole. During the movement, it can push the soil and gravel falling in front, so that the gravel and soil move towards the opening of the borehole. During the grouting process, it can reduce the mixing of soil and grout in the borehole and thus increase the strength of the grout in the borehole.

[0052] Reference Figures 3 to 7 A movable rod 13 is fitted onto the anchor rod 12, and a connecting component 5 is provided on the mounting part 41. When the anchor rod 12 is fully inserted into the drill rod 1, the movable rod 13 is connected to the cleaning plate 4 through the connecting component 5. As the cleaning plate 4 moves outward, the movable rod 13 also moves outward. During the grouting process, the movable rod 13 can also be pushed to move back and forth. As the movable rod 13 moves back and forth, it drives the cleaning plate 4 to move back and forth, which helps to expel gas in the grout, thereby reducing air bubbles in the grout and improving the strength of the grout after solidification.

[0053] Reference Figures 3 to 7 An installation groove is provided on the installation part 41, and the connecting component 5 is disposed in the installation groove. The connecting component 5 includes a connecting rod 51 slidably connected to the installation part 41 and a connecting spring 52 disposed on the connecting rod 51. The end of the connecting spring 52 away from the connecting rod 51 is fixed to the installation part 41. The connecting spring 52 pushes the connecting rod 51 to move in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the drill rod 1. At the same time, a connecting groove 53 is provided on the moving rod 13. When the connecting rod 51 is in the connecting groove 53, the cleaning plate 4 is fixed on the moving rod 13, and then the cleaning plate 4 can be moved by the moving rod 13.

[0054] To facilitate the movement of the connecting rod 51 into the connecting groove 53, an abutment surface 17 is provided on the connecting rod 51. The abutment surface 17 is inclined, and an arc-shaped surface 18 is provided on the end face of the moving rod 13. When the anchor rod 12 and the moving rod 13 move simultaneously, the arc-shaped surface 18 on the moving rod 13 abuts against the abutment surface 17, and then pushes the connecting rod 51 to move in the opposite direction. During the reverse movement, the connecting spring 52 is compressed. After the arc-shaped surface 18 separates from the abutment surface 17, the connecting spring 52 pushes the connecting rod 51 to abut against the surface of the moving rod 13. When the connecting rod 51 corresponds to the connecting groove 53, the connecting spring 52 pushes the connecting rod 51 to insert it into the connecting groove 53. Finally, the moving rod 13 is fixed on the mounting part 41. When the moving rod 13 moves, it can drive the cleaning plate 4 to rotate.

[0055] Reference Figures 3 to 7The fixing assembly 2 includes a fixing rod 21 slidably connected to the drill bit 11, an mounting rod 22 slidably connected to the drill bit 11, a fixing groove 23 formed on the drill rod 1, and a fixing spring 24 for pushing the fixing rod 21 into the fixing groove 23. One end of the fixing spring 24 is fixed inside the drill bit 11, and the other end is fixed to the mounting rod 22. The fixing rod 21 and the mounting rod 22 are arranged perpendicularly, and the mounting rod 22 is slidably connected inside the drill bit 11. In this embodiment, since the position of the cleaning plate 4 also needs to be fixed, two fixing rods 21 are provided on the mounting rod 22. A fixing groove 23 is also provided on the cleaning plate 4. The fixing spring 24 pushes the two fixing rods 21 to move into the fixing groove 23. At this time, the cleaning plate 4 can be fixed on the drill bit 11 and the drill rod 1 can be fixed on the cleaning plate 4. During the operation of the drill rod 1, the drill bit 11 and the cleaning plate 4 can work simultaneously. When the two fixing rods 21 are disengaged from the fixing groove 23, the cleaning plate 4 is connected to the moving rod 13 through the connecting component 5. At this time, the cleaning plate 4 is no longer connected to the drill bit 11, and the drill rod 1 is no longer connected to the cleaning plate 4. The drill rod 1 can be directly taken out from the borehole on the slope.

[0056] Reference Figures 3 to 7 The pushing assembly 3 includes a pushing rod 31 slidably connected in the cavity of the drill bit 11 and a pushing inclined surface 32 disposed on the pushing rod 31. A pushing groove 33 is provided on the mounting rod 22. The pushing rod 31 is arranged along the axial direction of the drill bit 11 and passes through the pushing groove 33. The pushing inclined surface 32 abuts against the inner wall of the pushing groove 33. Under the action of the pushing inclined surface 32, the cross section of the pushing rod 31 gradually increases towards the direction of the borehole opening. Then, when it is necessary to remove the drill rod 1, the pushing rod 31 is moved towards the end of the drill bit 11. The pushing rod 31 pushes the fixing rod 21 to move towards the axis of the drill rod 1. Finally, both fixing rods 21 are disengaged from the fixing groove 23, the drill bit 11 is separated from the cleaning plate 4, and the cleaning plate 4 is separated from the drill rod 1. At this time, the drill rod 1 can be directly removed from the slope.

[0057] To improve the connection strength between the drill bit 11, the cleaning plate 4, and the drill rod 1, four fixing components 2 are provided on the drill bit 11. The four fixing components 2 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the drill bit 11. At the same time, multiple fixing slots 23 are also provided, and multiple fixing slots 23 correspond one-to-one with multiple fixing rods 21. Four push rods 31 are also provided, and the four push rods 31 correspond one-to-one with the four fixing components 2.

[0058] To facilitate the simultaneous movement of multiple push rods 31, an installation ring 14 is slidably connected inside the drill bit 11. All push rods 31 are fixedly connected to the installation ring 14. A support spring 15 is fixedly installed on the installation ring 14, with one end of the support spring 15 away from the installation ring 14 fixed to the inner wall of the drill bit 11. The support spring 15 supports and limits the position of the installation ring 14. To prevent the installation ring 14 from blocking the end of the anchor rod 12, multiple discharge ports are provided at the end of the anchor rod 12, spaced apart circumferentially along the anchor rod 12.

[0059] When the anchor rod 12 is inserted into the drill rod 1, the moving anchor rod 12 will push the mounting ring 14 to move towards the end of the drill bit 11. During the movement, the support spring 15 is compressed, and the mounting ring 14 drives multiple push rods 31 to move simultaneously. The push inclined surface 32 on the push rod 31 pushes multiple fixed rods 21 to move simultaneously. Then, the multiple fixed rods 21 simultaneously disengage from the fixing groove 23, and the drill rod 1 can be directly removed from the borehole, which is convenient for subsequent grouting into the borehole.

[0060] Reference Figures 2 to 4 as well as Figure 8 An anchor bolt 12 is equipped with a reinforcement component 6, which is used to reinforce the anchor bolt 12 and make it more stable in the slope. The reinforcement component 6 includes a movable ring 61 on the anchor bolt 12, a first reinforcement rod 62 rotatably connected to the movable ring 61, and a second reinforcement rod 63 rotatably connected to the anchor bolt 12. The first reinforcement rod 62 is equipped with a hinge component 7, which connects the first reinforcement rod 62 and the second reinforcement rod 63. By adjusting the angle between the first reinforcement rod 62 and the second reinforcement rod 63, the connection between the first reinforcement rod 62 and the second reinforcement rod 63 can be inserted into the inner wall of the borehole, thereby improving the strength of the anchor bolt 12 in the slope.

[0061] In this embodiment, multiple sets of reinforcement components 6 are provided on the anchor rod 12. Each set of reinforcement components 6 includes three reinforcement components 6. The three reinforcement components 6 in each set are spaced apart along the circumference of the anchor rod 12, and the multiple sets of reinforcement components 6 are spaced apart along the length of the anchor rod 12. By setting multiple sets of reinforcement components 6, the anchor rod 12 can be more firmly fixed in the slope.

[0062] Reference Figures 2 to 4 as well as Figure 8A movable groove 8 is provided on the surface of the anchor rod 12, and the movable groove 8 is arranged along the axial direction of the anchor rod 12. At the same time, an annular limiting groove 81 is opened on the anchor rod 12, and the annular limiting groove 81 is arranged around the circumference of the anchor rod 12. One end of the movable groove 8 is connected to the annular limiting groove 81. Since multiple sets of reinforcing components 6 are provided, each set of reinforcing components 6 corresponds to one movable groove 8 and one annular limiting groove 81. A movable block 82 is fixedly installed on the movable ring 61, and the movable block 82 is slidably connected in the movable groove 8. The length of the annular limiting groove 81 is the same as the length of the movable block 82. When the movable ring 61 drives the movable block 82 to move in the movable groove 8 towards the second reinforcing rod 63, The angle between the first reinforcing rod 62 and the second reinforcing rod 63 decreases, and then the connection between the first reinforcing rod 62 and the second reinforcing rod 63 is inserted into the inner wall of the borehole. When the moving block 82 moves from the moving groove 8 to the annular limiting groove 81, the moving ring 61 is rotated. The moving ring 61 drives the moving block 82 to rotate in the annular limiting groove 81. At this time, the moving block 82 and the moving groove 8 are misaligned, and the moving ring 61 cannot slide on the anchor rod 12. Since the moving ring 61 rotates on the anchor rod 12, it will drive the first reinforcing rod 62 to rotate around the hinge assembly 7. The first reinforcing rod 62 and the second reinforcing rod 63 are misaligned. After the grouting solidifies, the anchor rod 12 can be more stable on the slope.

[0063] Reference Figures 2 to 4 as well as Figure 8 An adjusting rod 16 is provided on the moving ring 61. The adjusting rod 16 is used to connect multiple moving rings 61, and can drive multiple moving rings 61 to move or rotate simultaneously, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the position of the moving rings 61. By adjusting the position of the moving rings 61, it is convenient to adjust the position of the first reinforcing rod 62.

[0064] Reference Figures 2 to 4 as well as Figure 8 A clearance groove is provided on the moving rod 13. The clearance groove is set along the length direction of the anchor rod 12. There are three clearance grooves. The three clearance grooves are set along the circumference of the anchor rod 12. The three clearance grooves correspond to the three reinforcing components 6 of each group. When the first reinforcing rod 62 and the second reinforcing rod 63 are on the same plane and the moving rod 13 drives the cleaning plate 4 to move, the reinforcing component 6 will be in the clearance groove, so that the moving rod 13 can slide on the anchor rod 12.

[0065] Reference Figures 2 to 4 as well as Figure 8The hinge assembly 7 includes a hinge ball 71 rotatably connected to the first reinforcing rod 62 and a hinge sleeve 72 sleeved on the hinge ball 71. One end of the second reinforcing rod 63 is rotatably connected to the hinge sleeve 72, and the hinge ball 71 is rotatably connected to the hinge sleeve 72. During the process of the moving ring 61 driving the moving block 82 to rotate in the annular limiting groove 81, the hinge ball 71 rotates on the hinge sleeve 72, which facilitates that the first reinforcing rod 62 and the second reinforcing rod 63 are not on the same plane.

[0066] The implementation principle of a slope excavation device according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: After the excavator cleans the slope, the cleaning plate 4 is fixed to the drill bit 11 by the fixing component 2, and the drill rod 1 is fixed to the cleaning plate 4. Then, the anchor drilling machine drives the drill rod 1 and the drill bit 11 to work, so that the drill rod 1 and the drill bit 11 are inserted into the slope. After the drill bit 11 and the drill rod 1 are fully inserted into the slope, the drill rod 1 is separated from the anchor drilling machine. Then, the anchor rod 12 and multiple sets of reinforcement components 6 on the anchor rod 12 are inserted into the drill rod 1. During the movement of the anchor rod 12, the end of the anchor rod 12 will abut against the mounting ring 14. The mounting ring 14 drives multiple push rods 31 to move simultaneously. The push inclined surface 32 on the push rod 31 pushes multiple fixed rods 21 to move in the direction of the anchor rod 12 axis. Finally, the multiple fixed rods 21 are pushed to simultaneously disengage from the fixing groove 23. At this time, the drill bit 11 is separated from the cleaning plate 4, and the cleaning plate 4 is separated from the drill rod 1, thereby removing the drill rod 1 from the borehole.

[0067] During the simultaneous movement of anchor rod 12 and moving rod 13, the arc-shaped surface 18 on moving rod 13 will also abut against the abutment surface 17, which will then push connecting rod 51 to move in the opposite direction. Finally, under the action of connecting spring 52, connecting rod 51 is pushed into connecting groove 53. Cleaning plate 4 is fixed on moving rod 13. After drill rod 1 is taken out of the borehole, moving rod 13 drives cleaning plate 4 to move in the opposite direction, and at the same time connects grouting pipe to end of anchor rod 12. Grout is introduced into anchor rod 12 through grouting pipe. Grout in anchor rod 12 will enter the bottom of borehole from the outlet at the other end, and finally move from the bottom of borehole to the opening of borehole until grout fills the entire borehole. During grouting, moving rod 13 drives cleaning plate 4 to move back and forth, knocking and vibrating grout in borehole, which can reduce gas in grout.

[0068] When the cleaning plate 4 moves to the front of the uppermost reinforcement component 6, since the grout in the borehole has not yet solidified, the adjusting rod 16 drives the moving ring 61 to move upward. The moving ring 61 drives the moving block 82 and the first reinforcement rod 62 to move simultaneously. At this time, the angle between the first reinforcement rod 62 and the second reinforcement rod 63 becomes smaller. The hinge component 7 is inserted into the inner wall of the borehole. The moving block 82 moves into the annular limiting groove 81. At this time, the adjusting rod 16 rotates, and the adjusting rod 16 drives multiple moving rings 61 to rotate simultaneously. The moving block 82 rotates in the annular limiting groove 81. The first reinforcement rod 62 swings in the borehole to stir the grout in the borehole and accelerate the discharge of gas in the grout. After the poured grout solidifies, a steel cage is built at the position where the anchor rod 12 extends out of the slope, the support formwork is installed, and concrete is poured to form a protective anchor rod frame beam. Green plants are planted in the frame.

[0069] The second aspect:

[0070] A slope construction method includes the following steps:

[0071] S1: The fixing component 2 fixes the cleaning plate 4 to the drill bit 11 and also fixes the drill rod 1 to the cleaning plate 4. The anchor drilling machine drives the drill rod 1 and the drill bit 11 to work, and the drill rod 1 is inserted into the slope.

[0072] S2: The drill rod 1 is separated from the anchor drilling machine, the anchor rod 12 and the reinforcement component 6 are inserted into the drill rod 1, and then the component 3 is pushed to make the fixing rod 21 disengage from the fixing groove 23, and the drill rod 1 is taken out from the borehole;

[0073] S3: The reinforcement component 6 reinforces the anchor bolt 12 and injects grout into the bottom of the borehole through the anchor bolt 12;

[0074] S4: The cleaning plate 4 moves back and forth to vibrate the slurry in the borehole;

[0075] S5: After the cleaning plate 4 is moved to the borehole opening, the moving ring 61 drives the first reinforcing rod 62 to rotate, stirring the slurry in the borehole.

[0076] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A slope excavation apparatus comprising a drill rod for connection to a rock bolt drill and a drill bit provided on the drill rod, the drill rod and drill bit being arranged to create a borehole in a slope, characterised in that: The anchor rod is inserted into the drill rod after the drill rod in the slope is separated from the anchor rod drilling machine, and the drill rod and the drill bit are separated; the anchor rod is provided with a reinforcing assembly for reinforcing the anchor rod, the reinforcing assembly comprises a moving ring provided on the anchor rod, a first reinforcing rod rotatably connected to the moving ring, and a second reinforcing rod rotatably connected to the anchor rod, a hinge assembly is provided on the first reinforcing rod, the first reinforcing rod and the second reinforcing rod are connected through the hinge assembly, the moving ring slides and rotates on the anchor rod, when the moving ring drives the end of the first reinforcing rod away from the hinge assembly to move towards the second reinforcing rod, the angle between the first reinforcing rod and the second reinforcing rod becomes smaller, and the connecting part of the first reinforcing rod and the second reinforcing rod is inserted into the drill hole; The drill bit is provided with a cleaning plate, the cleaning plate comprises a mounting part and a cleaning part, the diameter of the mounting part is smaller than the diameter of the cleaning part, the diameter of the cleaning part is the same as the diameter of the drill rod, the outer diameter of the mounting part is the same as the inner diameter of the drill rod, the end of the drill rod is sleeved on the mounting part, the fixing assembly is used for fixing the mounting part on the drill rod, the anchor rod is sleeved with a moving rod, the mounting part is provided with a connecting assembly, when the anchor rod is completely inserted into the drill rod, the moving rod is connected with the cleaning plate through the connecting assembly, the moving rod is provided with a clearance groove for giving space for the reinforcing assembly; The connecting assembly comprises a connecting rod slidingly connected to the mounting part and a connecting spring provided on the connecting rod, one end of the connecting spring away from the connecting rod is fixed on the mounting part, the connecting spring pushes the connecting rod to move in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the drill rod, the moving rod is provided with a connecting groove, when the connecting rod is in the connecting groove, the cleaning plate is fixed on the moving rod.

2. A device for excavating a slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hinge assembly comprises a hinge ball rotatably connected to the first reinforcing rod and a hinge sleeve sleeved on the hinge ball, one end of the second reinforcing rod is rotatably connected to the hinge sleeve, and the hinge ball is rotatably connected to the hinge sleeve.

3. A device for excavating a slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor rod is provided with a moving groove in the surface, the moving groove is arranged in the axial direction of the anchor rod, the anchor rod is provided with an annular limiting groove, the annular limiting groove is arranged in one turn in the circumferential direction of the anchor rod, one end of the moving groove is communicated with the annular limiting groove, and the moving ring is fixedly installed with a moving block slidingly connected in the moving groove.

4. A device for excavating a slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly comprises a fixing rod slidingly connected to the drill bit, an installation rod slidingly connected to the drill bit, a fixing groove opened in the drill rod, and a fixing spring for pushing the fixing rod to move into the fixing groove, one end of the fixing spring is fixed inside the drill bit, the other end is fixed on the installation rod, the fixing rod and the installation rod are vertically arranged, and the installation rod is slidingly connected in the drill bit, and the drill bit is provided with a pushing assembly for pushing the fixing rod to separate from the fixing groove.

5. A device for excavating a slope according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pushing assembly comprises a pushing rod slidingly connected in the cavity of the drill bit and a pushing inclined surface provided on the pushing rod, the installation rod is provided with a pushing groove, the pushing rod is arranged in the axial direction of the drill bit and passes through the pushing groove, and the pushing inclined surface abuts against the inner wall of the pushing groove.

6. A device for excavating a slope according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drill bit is slidably connected with a mounting ring, the push rod is fixedly connected on the mounting ring, the mounting ring is fixedly provided with a supporting spring, and the end of the supporting spring away from the mounting ring is fixed on the inner wall of the drill bit.

7. A device for excavating a slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod is provided with an abutting surface, the abutting surface is obliquely arranged, the end surface of the moving rod is provided with an arc surface, and when the anchor rod and the moving rod move simultaneously, the arc surface on the moving rod abuts against the abutting surface.

8. A method of slope construction, characterized by: The slope excavation device of claim 7 comprises the following steps: S1: fixing the cleaning plate on the drill bit by the fixing assembly, and fixing the drill rod on the cleaning plate, driving the drill rod and the drill bit by the anchor rod drill machine, and inserting the drill rod into the slope; S2: separating the drill rod from the anchor rod drill machine, inserting the anchor rod and the reinforcing assembly into the drill rod, and then making the fixed rod separate from the fixed groove by the pushing assembly to take out the drill rod from the drill hole; S3: reinforcing the anchor rod by the reinforcing assembly, and grouting to the bottom of the drill hole through the anchor rod; S4: reciprocally moving the cleaning plate to vibrate the slurry in the drill hole; S5: after the cleaning plate moves to the opening of the drill hole, rotating the first reinforcing rod by the moving ring to stir the slurry in the drill hole.

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