A high-efficiency sand removal device and method for geothermal well

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of sand removing device, disclose a kind of geothermal well high-efficiency sand removing device and method, including sand remover shell and cyclone path adjusting assembly;Sand remover shell has upper shell, the lower shell being arranged at the bottom of upper shell, the water inlet pipe being arranged at the outer wall of upper shell, the sand outlet pipe being arranged at the bottom of lower shell and the first water outlet pipe being arranged at the top of upper shell, the inside of upper shell is provided with curved surface structure, for the water flow entering into guide into spiral flow;Cyclone path adjusting assembly includes the conical membrane being arranged at the bottom of upper shell for connecting upper shell and sand outlet pipe, the reinforcing rib being arranged on the outer edge of conical membrane edge, the high elasticity piece being inserted in the inside of reinforcing rib and the arc-shaped membrane being arranged on the inner edge of conical membrane edge.This device can ensure that geothermal water under different flow rates can form stable spiral flow by dynamically adjusting the cyclone path, maximizing the centrifugal separation effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of desanding devices, and more particularly to a high-efficiency desanding device and method for geothermal wells. Background Technology

[0002] As the global energy structure shifts towards cleaner and lower-carbon energy sources, geothermal energy, as a abundant, stable, and sustainable renewable energy source, is increasingly widely used in heating, power generation, and industrial heating. Geothermal wells, as the core facilities for geothermal energy development and utilization, typically produce geothermal water containing solid impurities such as sand and rock fragments. These impurities mainly originate from rock fragments left over from the drilling process, weathered rock particles from the formation, and erosion and stripping materials from the long-term flow of geothermal water on the wellbore and the formation.

[0003] In the process of geothermal water transportation and utilization, the hazards of sand impurities are extremely significant. On the one hand, the high-speed flow of sand-containing geothermal water can cause severe wear and tear on equipment such as submersible pumps, pipes, and valves, shortening equipment lifespan and increasing maintenance and replacement costs. On the other hand, if sand particles enter the heat exchange unit with the water flow, they will deposit on the inner wall of the heat exchange tubes, forming scale, which greatly reduces heat exchange efficiency and may even cause blockage of the heat exchange tubes, forcing the system to shut down for cleaning, seriously affecting the continuity and economy of geothermal energy utilization. Therefore, efficient sand removal treatment before geothermal water enters the core equipment of the heating station has become an indispensable and crucial link in the geothermal development system.

[0004] However, existing hydrocyclone desanders have some technical defects in practical applications, making it difficult to meet the needs of complex geothermal well conditions. For example, existing hydrocyclone desanders mostly use a fixed-shape conical surface to guide the spiral flow of water. Their structural parameters (such as the angle and height of the conical surface) cannot be dynamically adjusted according to changes in geothermal water flow and pressure. When the water pressure increases due to well condition fluctuations (such as changes in formation water level or pump frequency adjustment), the fixed conical surface is prone to causing water flow turbulence and uneven distribution of centrifugal force, causing some sand particles to escape with the water flow. When the pressure decreases, the sand separation is incomplete due to insufficient centrifugal force, resulting in a significant decrease in desander efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems of fixed swirl path and poor adaptability to working conditions in existing technologies, a high-efficiency sand removal device and method for geothermal wells is proposed.

[0006] One aspect of this application provides a high-efficiency sand removal device for geothermal wells, the purpose of which is to ensure that a stable spiral flow can be formed for geothermal water under different flow rates (corresponding to different pressures) by dynamically adjusting the swirling path, thereby maximizing the centrifugal separation effect.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a high-efficiency desanding device for geothermal wells, comprising a desander shell and a vortex path adjustment component; the desander shell has an upper shell, a lower shell disposed at the bottom of the upper shell, a water inlet pipe disposed on the outer wall of the upper shell, a sand outlet pipe disposed at the bottom of the lower shell, and a first water outlet pipe disposed at the top of the upper shell; the interior of the upper shell is provided with a curved structure for guiding the incoming water flow into a spiral flow; the vortex path adjustment component includes a conical membrane disposed on the bottom surface of the upper shell for connecting the upper shell and the sand outlet pipe, a reinforcing rib disposed on the outer edge of the conical membrane, a highly elastic element inserted inside the reinforcing rib, and an arc-shaped membrane disposed on the inner edge of the conical membrane; the cross-section of the conical membrane is polygonal and has a conical structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom; in the initial state, the conical membrane is in a contracted state and has a certain twisting angle; the vortex path adjustment component achieves dynamic adjustment of the height and shape of the conical membrane through sensitive response to changes in water pressure, thereby improving the desanding efficiency of the desander shell.

[0008] Furthermore, the swirl path adjustment assembly also includes a top plate disposed on the bottom surface of the upper shell and a bottom plate hinged to the bottom end of the high elasticity member, with the bottom surface of the top plate hinged to the top end of the high elasticity member.

[0009] Furthermore, the swirl path adjustment assembly also includes a movable cylinder disposed on the bottom surface of the conical film and a fixed cylinder disposed on the bottom of the inner wall of the lower shell, and the movable cylinder and the fixed cylinder are slidably sealed together.

[0010] Furthermore, the swirl path adjustment assembly also includes a lifting plate sleeved on the outer wall of the base plate, a groove formed on the bottom surface of the lifting plate, and a compression spring disposed inside the groove. One end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the groove, and the other end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the lower shell. The swirl path adjustment assembly also includes a limiting plate disposed on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder and a limiting frame disposed on the bottom surface of the lifting plate. The limiting frame and the limiting plate are slidably connected.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer wall of the movable cylinder is provided with a guide block, and the inner wall of the fixed cylinder is provided with a buffer groove for the guide block to slide.

[0012] Furthermore, the buffer groove includes a top straight groove, a first slot, a second slot, and a bottom straight groove that are interconnected.

[0013] Furthermore, the tilt angle from the top straight groove to the first slot is smaller than the tilt angle from the first slot to the bottom straight groove.

[0014] Furthermore, a secondary sand collecting cylinder is provided at the top of the upper shell, and a secondary sand removal cylinder is provided at the top of the secondary sand collecting cylinder, which is interconnected with the interior of the secondary sand collecting cylinder. A second water outlet pipe is provided at the top of the first water outlet pipe, and the top of the first water outlet pipe is connected to the secondary sand removal cylinder through a first connecting pipe. The top of the secondary sand removal cylinder is connected to the interior of the second water outlet pipe through a second connecting pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a method for efficient sand removal in geothermal wells, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Start the external geothermal well water pump to introduce geothermal water flow into the desander housing through the inlet pipe. The curved structure inside the upper shell guides the water flow to form a spiral flow. Step 2: The water flow applies spiral downward pressure to the conical film. The height and shape of the conical film are dynamically adjusted to optimize the swirling path and improve desander efficiency. Step 3: Under the guidance of the conical and arc-shaped films, the water flow further separates sand particles. The finally separated sand is discharged through the sand outlet pipe. Step 4: The pre-treated water flow enters the secondary desander cylinder through the first outlet pipe for secondary desander treatment. The structure of the secondary desander cylinder further captures residual sand particles. Step 5: Clean water is output through the second outlet pipe, achieving a highly efficient desander process. The sand separated in the second stage falls into the secondary sand collection cylinder.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0018] 1. The use of a polygonal conical membrane initially in a contracted and twisted state effectively enhances sensitivity to changes in water pressure. Combined with reinforcing ribs on the outer edges and highly elastic components, the conical membrane dynamically expands under water pressure, its height varying with pressure to ensure a stable spiral flow for geothermal water at different flow rates (corresponding to different pressures), maximizing centrifugal separation efficiency. At low flow rates, the conical membrane remains contracted, reducing channel volume and minimizing energy loss, increasing the device's sensitivity to minute pressure changes, ensuring stable spiral flow, avoiding unnecessary fluid resistance, reducing turbulence and sand escape probability, thus maintaining high-efficiency centrifugal separation under low-pressure environments and improving overall device stability and adaptability. At high flow rates, the conical membrane increases in height and expands, providing more channel space to accommodate more water flow and maintain a uniform velocity distribution. This also extends the spiral flow time, providing sufficient time and force for sand separation, optimizing spiral flow stability, reducing turbulence and particle escape risks, and maximizing separation efficiency under high-pressure conditions.

[0019] 2. The buffer groove can buffer the movement speed of the moving cylinder, avoiding the impact caused by the rapid sliding of the moving cylinder when the water pressure changes suddenly. At the same time, the first and second slots of the buffer groove and the differentiated tilt angle design can keep the guide block in the corresponding slot within a specific pressure range (such as the stable pressure range of the geothermal well during normal operation), so that the conical diaphragm maintains a specific height and shape, avoiding frequent adjustment of the conical diaphragm due to small fluctuations in water flow pressure (such as ±0.1MPa), and reducing the ineffective movement and fatigue wear of components such as high elasticity parts and compression springs. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the vortex path adjustment component of the present invention when the water flow pressure is at its maximum.

[0022] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the guide block in this invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a top view of the conical thin film in this invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the lifting plate in this invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the fixed cylinder in this invention;

[0027] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged diagram of point B in the middle.

[0028] In the picture:

[0029] 1. Sand separator housing; 2. Lower shell; 3. Inlet pipe; 4. Upper shell; 5. Sand outlet pipe; 6. Swirl path adjustment assembly; 7. First outlet pipe; 8. Secondary sand separator cylinder; 9. First connecting pipe; 10. Secondary sand collection cylinder; 11. Second outlet pipe; 12. Second connecting pipe; 13. Conical diaphragm; 14. Reinforcing rib; 15. High elasticity component; 16. Arc-shaped diaphragm; 17. Top plate; 18. Bottom plate; 19. Movable cylinder; 20. Fixed cylinder; 21. Lifting plate; 22. Groove; 23. Compression spring; 24. Limiting frame; 25. Limiting plate; 26. Buffer groove; 27. Guide block; 28. Top straight groove; 29. ​​First slot; 30. Second slot; 31. Bottom straight groove. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Example 1, referring to Figures 1-8The first embodiment of the present invention provides: a high-efficiency sand removal device for geothermal wells, including a sand remover housing 1 and a swirling path adjustment component 6; the sand remover housing 1 has an upper shell 4, a lower shell 2 threadedly installed at the bottom of the upper shell 4, a water inlet pipe 3 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the upper shell 4, a sand outlet pipe 5 threadedly installed at the bottom of the lower shell 2 and a first water outlet pipe 7 threadedly installed at the top of the upper shell 4, and the interior of the upper shell 4 is provided with a curved surface structure for guiding the incoming water flow into a spiral flow.

[0032] Specifically, the upper shell 4 and the lower shell 2 are connected by threads. This connection structure not only facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the device and the maintenance and replacement of internal parts, but also ensures the overall sealing of the desander shell 1, preventing leakage of high-temperature geothermal water. The upper shell 4 has a specially designed curved structure inside. The curvature of this curved structure matches the water flow velocity, guiding the incoming geothermal water into a stable spiral flow. The centrifugal force generated by the spiral flow can separate sand particles from water. The bottom of the sand outlet pipe 5 is connected to a sand collection dish. The sand outlet pipe 5 uses gravity to allow the separated sand particles to settle naturally and be discharged, preventing sand particles from accumulating inside the desander shell 1. The first water outlet pipe 7 is used to discharge the geothermal water after the initial sand removal, preparing it for subsequent secondary sand removal or entry into the heat exchange unit.

[0033] An external geothermal well water pump continuously supplies water to the desander housing 1, causing the desander housing 1 to maintain a certain pressure. The first outlet pipe 7 of the device is located at the top of the desander housing 1. The water flow that has separated most of the sand particles inside will naturally flow to the first outlet pipe 7 with lower pressure under the pressure of the external geothermal well water pump, thus forming a spiral flow. At the same time, the water flow moves upward and the separated sand particles fall downward into the sand outlet pipe 5.

[0034] The vortex path adjustment assembly 6 includes a conical diaphragm 13 fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the upper shell 4 for connecting the upper shell 4 and the sand outlet pipe 5, a reinforcing rib 14 fixedly installed on the outer edge of the conical diaphragm 13, a highly elastic element 15 inserted inside the reinforcing rib 14, and an arc-shaped diaphragm 16 fixedly installed on the inner edge of the conical diaphragm 13. The conical diaphragm 13 has a polygonal cross-section and a conical structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. In the initial state, the conical diaphragm 13 is in a contracted state and has a certain twisting angle. The vortex path adjustment assembly 6 achieves dynamic adjustment of the height and shape of the conical diaphragm 13 by sensitively responding to changes in water pressure, thereby improving the sand removal efficiency of the sand separator shell 1.

[0035] Specifically, the conical membrane 13 has a polygonal cross-section with a tapered structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. As the number of sides of the polygon increases, the cross-section of the conical membrane 13 can approach a circle, reducing its impact on the water flow path. The conical membrane 13 is initially in a contracted state with a certain twisting angle. This initial shape makes the conical membrane 13 more sensitive to changes in water pressure, facilitating subsequent dynamic adjustments based on pressure. Since long-term scouring by high-temperature geothermal water can easily lead to deformation or damage to the conical membrane 13, reinforcing ribs 14 are fixedly installed on the outer edges of the conical membrane 13 to enhance its structural strength and extend its service life. Highly elastic components 15 are inserted inside the reinforcing ribs 14, providing elastic support for the conical membrane 13 and, through their own expansion, contraction, and twisting, allowing for adjustments in height and shape. The arc-shaped membrane 16 is fixed to the inner edge of the conical membrane 13. Its arc-shaped surface can optimize the flow path of water inside the conical membrane 13, reduce water flow turbulence, further enhance the centrifugal force, and improve the sand-water separation effect.

[0036] It should be noted that in the local geothermal well high-efficiency intelligent sand removal device, in order to adapt to geothermal water with a temperature of around 65℃, containing sand particles and possibly trace amounts of corrosive minerals, the conical membrane 13 and the arc-shaped membrane 16 are preferably made of silicone rubber, which has a temperature resistance range of -60℃ to 250℃ and a more sensitive deformation response. If the geothermal water is not highly corrosive, it can be used with an inner lining of 1-2 layers of polyester fiber cloth to improve tear resistance. The reinforcing rib 14 is preferably made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, a non-metallic composite material, which has a significant lightweight effect, and its rigidity can be adjusted by adjusting the glass fiber content to meet the requirements. The high-elasticity component 15 is preferably made of spring steel elastic material, which has a high elastic limit, a temperature resistance of up to 250℃, is fully adapted to geothermal water conditions, and has excellent fatigue resistance, making it suitable for making elastic rods with high rigidity.

[0037] The vortex path adjustment component 6, through the synergistic effect of the conical diaphragm 13, reinforcing ribs 14, and highly elastic element 15, can sensitively respond to changes in water pressure and dynamically adjust the height and shape of the conical diaphragm 13. Compared with the shortcomings of traditional fixed conical surfaces that cannot adapt to water flow, this dynamic adjustment can optimize the vortex path, so that geothermal water under different pressures (corresponding to different flow rates) can maintain a high-efficiency centrifugal separation effect, and significantly improve the sand removal efficiency of the sand separator shell 1.

[0038] The height of the conical film 13 changes dynamically according to the water pressure. At low pressure, the flow channel is more compact, reducing the formation of low-velocity zones. The stable and low-turbulence flow field makes it easier for sand particles to be captured and deposited by centrifugal force, rather than being carried away by turbulence. At high pressure, the flow channel expands, providing a smoother fluid transition. The height variation ensures a more uniform velocity distribution at different flow rates, effectively extending the separation time of swirling sand particles and making the trajectory of sand particles more predictable, thereby reducing the probability of escape.

[0039] Reference Figures 1-6 The swirl path adjustment assembly 6 also includes a top plate 17 fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the upper shell 4 and a bottom plate 18 hinged to the bottom end of the high elasticity member 15. The bottom surface of the top plate 17 is hinged to the top end of the high elasticity member 15.

[0040] Specifically, the top plate 17 itself will not be displaced by the water pressure or the force of the high elasticity member 15. The high elasticity member 15 can rotate around the hinge point at a certain angle, providing space for the subsequent deformation of the conical film 13. When the high elasticity member 15 extends, contracts or rotates, the bottom plate 18 will move synchronously, thereby causing the bottom of the conical film 13 to achieve coordinated deformation.

[0041] Reference Figure 6 The swirl path adjustment assembly 6 also includes a movable cylinder 19 fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the conical film 13 and a fixed cylinder 20 fixedly installed on the bottom of the inner wall of the lower shell 2, and the movable cylinder 19 and the fixed cylinder 20 are slidably sealed.

[0042] Specifically, the movable cylinder 19 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the conical membrane 13, with its axis coinciding with the axis of the conical membrane 13. It can slide up and down synchronously with the expansion and contraction of the conical membrane 13, and rotate synchronously with the rotation of the bottom of the conical membrane 13. This prevents the bottom of the conical membrane 13 from shifting due to water flow impact, thereby preventing excessive twisting or damage to the conical membrane 13. Furthermore, this structure can guide the separated sand particles smoothly into the sand outlet pipe 5, reducing the probability of sand particles accumulating at the bottom of the conical membrane 13.

[0043] Reference Figures 2-3 ,as well as Figure 6 The swirl path adjustment assembly 6 also includes a lifting plate 21 sleeved on the outer wall of the base plate 18, a groove 22 opened on the bottom surface of the lifting plate 21, and a compression spring 23 disposed inside the groove 22. One end of the compression spring 23 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the groove 22, and the other end of the compression spring 23 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the lower shell 2. The swirl path adjustment assembly 6 also includes a limiting plate 25 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 20 and a limiting frame 24 fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the lifting plate 21. The limiting frame 24 and the limiting plate 25 are slidably connected.

[0044] Specifically, the compression spring 23 provides a reset force for the lifting plate 21 and the base plate 18. When the water pressure decreases, the compression spring 23 can push the lifting plate 21 to move upward, thereby driving the base plate 18 and the high elasticity element 15 to reset, so that the conical film 13 contracts to its initial state.

[0045] The movement trajectory of the lifting plate 21 can be restricted by the setting between the limiting frame 24 and the limiting plate 25, allowing the lifting plate 21 to rise and fall only in the vertical direction, thus preventing the lifting plate 21 from shifting horizontally or rotating due to the impact of water flow.

[0046] Reference Figures 7-8 The outer wall of the movable cylinder 19 is fixedly connected to a guide block 27, and the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 20 is provided with a buffer groove 26 for the guide block 27 to slide.

[0047] Specifically, the buffer groove 26 can buffer the movement speed of the movable cylinder 19, avoiding the impact caused by the rapid sliding of the movable cylinder 19 when the water pressure changes suddenly.

[0048] For example, when the geothermal well water pump suddenly starts, the guide block 27 will slide slowly along the buffer groove 26, driving the movable cylinder 19 to rise and fall smoothly, thereby reducing the impact stress on the conical diaphragm 13 and the high elasticity element 15, further improving the stability of the device operation, and adapting to the working conditions of frequent changes in geothermal water pressure in the geothermal well.

[0049] Reference Figure 8 The buffer groove 26 includes a top straight groove 28, a first slot 29, a second slot 30, and a bottom straight groove 31 that are interconnected.

[0050] Specifically, on the one hand, the top straight groove 28 and the bottom straight groove 31 ensure smooth sliding of the guide block 27 under extreme high and low pressure conditions, ensuring that the conical diaphragm 13 can be adjusted to the appropriate maximum / minimum height; on the other hand, the limiting effect of the first slot 29 and the second slot 30 allows the guide block 27 to stay in the corresponding slot within a specific pressure range (such as the stable pressure range of a geothermal well during normal operation), so that the conical diaphragm 13 maintains a specific height and shape, avoiding frequent adjustments of the conical diaphragm 13 due to small fluctuations in water pressure (such as ±0.1MPa), reducing ineffective movement and fatigue wear of components such as the high elasticity component 15 and the compression spring 23; at the same time, the structure of the first slot 29 and the second slot 30 essentially sets a pressure trigger threshold. Only when the water pressure change exceeds the threshold (such as an increase in pressure of more than 0.2MPa) will the guide block 27 disengage from the slot and continue to slide, ensuring that the base plate 18 will not rotate violently or disorderly when the water pressure changes suddenly, thus completely solving the vibration and fatigue problems of traditional devices from the structural design.

[0051] Reference Figure 8 The tilt angle of the top straight groove 28 to the first slot 29 stage is smaller than the tilt angle of the first slot 29 to the bottom straight groove 31 stage.

[0052] Specifically, during low-pressure change phases (such as small pressure fluctuations during normal operation of a geothermal well), the gentle inclination angle from the top straight groove 28 to the first slot 29 allows the guide block 27 to slide more slowly and the conical film 13 to adjust more smoothly, avoiding rapid deformation caused by small pressure fluctuations, reducing component impact, and ensuring the stability of the vortex path, so as to ensure that the sand removal efficiency does not fluctuate due to small pressure changes.

[0053] During periods of high pressure change (such as when the flow rate of a geothermal well increases and the pressure rises significantly), the steep inclination angle from the first slot 29 to the bottom straight slot 31 allows the guide block 27 to slide more smoothly. The conical diaphragm 13 can quickly adjust to a state suitable for high water flow pressure, responding promptly to the sand removal needs under high flow conditions and preventing sand particles from escaping due to untimely adjustments. This phased angle design allows the device to adapt to both the stability requirements under low-pressure conditions and the response speed under high-pressure conditions, further enhancing the device's adaptability to complex geothermal well conditions.

[0054] Example 2, refer to Figures 1-2 This is the second embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: a secondary sand collecting cylinder 10 is provided on the top of the upper shell 4, a secondary sand removing cylinder 8 which is connected to the interior of the secondary sand collecting cylinder 10 is fixedly installed on the top of the secondary sand collecting cylinder 10, a second water outlet pipe 11 is provided at the top of the first water outlet pipe 7, the top of the first water outlet pipe 7 is connected to the secondary sand removing cylinder 8 through a first connecting pipe 9, and the top of the secondary sand removing cylinder 8 is connected to the interior of the second water outlet pipe 11 through a second connecting pipe 12.

[0055] Specifically, traditional single-stage sand removal devices often suffer from the problem of residual fine sand particles. These residual sand particles, once they enter the heat exchange unit, can easily lead to blockage or wear of the heat exchange tubes, shortening the lifespan of the heat exchange unit. In contrast, the secondary sand removal cylinder 8 in this device has the same shape as the sand remover shell 1, and both operate on the principle of centrifugal sand removal. Through the secondary swirling or filtration of the secondary sand removal cylinder 8, fine sand particles can be captured. Simultaneously, the secondary sand collecting cylinder 10 separately collects the sand particles removed during the secondary sand removal, preventing secondary sand particles from flowing back into the upper shell 4, ensuring the stability of the initial sand removal system. Furthermore, the secondary sand collecting cylinder 10 can be detachably connected to the upper shell 4 via threads, allowing for regular cleaning of sand particles and convenient maintenance. The piping design of the first connecting pipe 9 and the second connecting pipe 12 ensures smooth water flow, preventing water stagnation and sand accumulation, further improving the stability of the system operation.

[0056] The remaining structure is the same as that in Example 1.

[0057] Working principle: After the external geothermal well water pump is started, the geothermal water is sent into the desander housing 1. The curved structure of the upper shell 4 inside the desander housing 1 guides the incoming geothermal water into a spiral flow state. With the help of the centrifugal force generated by the spiral motion, the denser sand particles in the water are initially deflected to the outside of the housing.

[0058] The spiral flow of geothermal water exerts downward pressure on the conical membrane 13. Initially contracted and twisted, the conical membrane 13 gradually expands downward under pressure, and its height increases with the increase of water pressure. The reinforcing ribs 14 on the edges of the conical membrane 13 and the highly elastic internal components 15 provide support for the membrane. At the same time, the arc-shaped membrane 16 on the inner side of the conical membrane 13 optimizes the water flow trajectory, reduces turbulence, and further enhances the centrifugal force's separation effect on sand particles.

[0059] The separated sand particles fall to the bottom of the desander housing 1 under gravity and are discharged through the sand outlet pipe 5. The geothermal water after preliminary sand removal enters the secondary desanding cylinder 8 through the first outlet pipe 7. The secondary desanding cylinder 8 further captures the fine sand particles remaining in the water. These fine sand particles fall into the secondary sand collection cylinder 10 below for storage. Finally, the clean water that meets the standards is transported to the subsequent heat exchange unit through the second outlet pipe 11. When the water pressure decreases, the compression spring 23 in the device pushes the relevant parts to reset, allowing the conical diaphragm 13 to return to its initial contracted and twisted state, preparing for the next sand removal.

[0060] Example 3, referring to Figures 1-8 The third embodiment of the present invention provides: a method for efficient sand removal from geothermal wells, employing a high-efficiency sand removal device for geothermal wells, comprising the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: Start the external geothermal well water pump to introduce geothermal water at about 65°C into the desander housing 1 through the inlet pipe 3. The curved structure inside the upper shell 4 immediately comes into play, guiding the straight-flowing water into a stable spiral flow state. The sand particles and water are initially separated by centrifugal force, laying the foundation for subsequent deep desandering.

[0062] Step 2: The spiral flow of water applies a downward spiral pressure to the conical membrane 13. This pressure drives the highly elastic element 15 to expand and contract. Through the expansion and contraction of the highly elastic element 15 and the deformation of the compression spring 23, the height of the conical membrane 13 will increase with the increase of water pressure, and its shape will be adaptively adjusted with the spiral pressure. This optimizes the centrifugal force distribution of the swirling path and can significantly improve the sand-water separation efficiency compared with the traditional fixed path.

[0063] Step 3: Under the guidance of the conical membrane 13, the spiral trajectory of the water flow is more stable, while the arc-shaped membrane 16 further optimizes the flow path of the water flow inside the conical membrane 13, reduces water flow turbulence, and makes it easier for sand particles to move to the outside of the conical membrane 13 and settle under the action of centrifugal force. Finally, the separated sand particles will slide down along the outside of the conical membrane 13 to the bottom of the lower shell 2, and then be discharged outside the device through the sand outlet pipe 5, realizing the effective collection of sand particles.

[0064] Step 4: The water flow after the initial sand removal may still contain fine sand particles. It is discharged through the first outlet pipe 7 and enters the secondary sand removal cylinder 8 through the first connecting pipe 9. The swirling structure inside the secondary sand removal cylinder 8 will perform secondary separation of the water flow and further capture the remaining fine sand particles.

[0065] Step 5: The clean water after secondary sand removal is introduced into the second outlet pipe 11 through the second connecting pipe 12, and finally output to the subsequent heat exchange unit through the second outlet pipe 11. The fine sand particles after secondary separation fall into the secondary sand collection cylinder 10 under the action of gravity.

[0066] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency sand removal device for geothermal wells, characterized in that, The sand remover shell (1) has an upper shell (4), a lower shell (2) arranged at the bottom of the upper shell (4), a water inlet pipe (3) arranged on the outer wall of the upper shell (4), a sand outlet pipe (5) arranged at the bottom of the lower shell (2), and a first water outlet pipe (7) arranged at the top of the upper shell (4), and the inside of the upper shell (4) is provided with a curved surface structure for guiding the entering water flow into spiral flow. The spiral flow path adjusting assembly (6) further comprises a top plate (17) arranged at the bottom surface of the upper shell (4) and a bottom plate (18) hinged to the bottom end of the high-elasticity member (15), and the bottom surface of the top plate (17) is hinged to the top end of the high-elasticity member (15). The spiral flow path adjusting assembly (6) further comprises a movable cylinder (19) arranged at the bottom surface of the conical film (13) and a fixed cylinder (20) arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the lower shell (2), and the movable cylinder (19) and the fixed cylinder (20) are in sliding sealing.

2. The high-efficiency sand removal device for geothermal wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral flow path adjusting assembly (6) further comprises a lifting plate (21) sleeved on the outer wall of the bottom plate (18), a groove (22) opened at the bottom surface of the lifting plate (21), and a compression spring (23) arranged in the groove (22), wherein one end of the compression spring (23) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the groove (22), and the other end of the compression spring (23) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the inner wall of the lower shell (2).

3. The high-efficiency sand removal device for geothermal wells according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spiral flow path adjusting assembly (6) further comprises a limiting plate (25) arranged on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder (20) and a limiting frame (24) arranged at the bottom surface of the lifting plate (21), and the limiting frame (24) and the limiting plate (25) are in sliding connection.

4. The high-efficiency sand removal device for geothermal wells according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the movable cylinder (19) is provided with a guide block (27), and the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (20) is provided with a buffer groove (26) for sliding of the guide block (27). The buffer groove (26) comprises a top straight groove (28), a first clamping groove (29), a second clamping groove (30), and a bottom straight groove (31) which are in communication with each other.

5. The high-efficiency sand removal device for geothermal wells according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the top straight groove (28) to the first clamping groove (29) stage is smaller than the inclination angle of the first clamping groove (29) to the bottom straight groove (31) stage.

6. The high-efficiency sand removal device for geothermal wells according to claim 5, characterized in that: ​ 7. The high efficiency sand control device for geothermal wells of claim 6, wherein: ​ 8. The high efficiency sand control device for geothermal wells of claim 1, wherein: The top of the upper shell (4) is provided with a secondary sand collecting cylinder (10), the top of the secondary sand collecting cylinder (10) is provided with a secondary sand removing cylinder (8) which is in communication with the inside of the secondary sand collecting cylinder (10), the top end of the first water outlet pipe (7) is provided with a second water outlet pipe (11), the top of the first water outlet pipe (7) is in communication with the inside of the secondary sand removing cylinder (8) through a first connecting pipe (9), and the top of the secondary sand removing cylinder (8) is in communication with the inside of the second water outlet pipe (11) through a second connecting pipe (12).

9. A method for efficiently removing sand from a geothermal well, using the geothermal well sand efficiently removing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step one: start the external geothermal well pump, introduce the geothermal water into the sand remover shell (1) through the water inlet pipe (3), and guide the water flow to form a spiral flow by the curved surface structure in the upper shell (4); Step two: the water flow exerts a spiral downward pressure on the conical membrane (13), dynamically adjusts the height and shape of the conical membrane (13), and optimizes the cyclone path to improve the sand removing efficiency; Step three: the water flow is further separated under the guidance of the conical membrane (13) and the arc-shaped membrane (16), and the finally separated sand is discharged through the sand outlet pipe (5); Step four: the water flow after the preliminary treatment is introduced into the secondary sand removing cylinder (8) through the first water outlet pipe (7) for secondary sand removing treatment, and the structure of the secondary sand removing cylinder (8) is used to further capture the residual sand particles; Step five: clean water is output through the second water outlet pipe (11), an efficient sand removing process is realized, and the sand after the secondary separation falls into the inside of the secondary sand collecting cylinder (10).

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