Intelligent electric quantity transmitter monitoring system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent electric quantity transmitter monitoring system which comprises an electric quantity transmitter and a monitoring server. The electric quantity transmitter comprises a signal acquisition module used for acquiring voltage and current; the metering module is used for calculating power grid parameters according to the voltage and the current acquired by the signal acquisition module; the control module is used for receiving power grid parameters; the communication module is used for sending the power grid parameters received by the control module to a monitoring server; wherein the communication module comprises an Ethernet control module and an RS485 communication module. The Ethernet and RS485 dual communication modules are integrated, flexible selection of communication modes and automatic conversion of data packaging formats are supported, and meanwhile, by combining real-time threshold judgment and a relay output module control mechanism, the problems that a traditional system is single in communication mode and lacks intelligent protection are solved; the method has the advantages of improving the communication flexibility, enhancing the monitoring real-time performance and realizing automatic protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power monitoring and data transmission technology, and in particular to an intelligent power transmitter monitoring system and method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of power monitoring, power transmitters are core devices used to convert high-voltage, high-current, and other high-voltage electrical parameters into standard signals (such as 4-20mA, 0-5V) or digital quantities for use by backend systems. With the advancement of concepts such as Industry 4.0 and smart grids, traditional RS485 communication has significant shortcomings in the following scenarios: 1. Distributed monitoring networks: In scenarios such as smart parks with hundreds of monitoring points, RS485 requires the deployment of multiple levels of repeaters to extend the communication range, leading to difficulties in troubleshooting. 2. Insufficient compatibility with mixed communication environments: Industrial sites have both short-range devices suitable for RS485 and long-distance centralized monitoring needs requiring Ethernet support; the single communication interface of traditional transmitters cannot accommodate both. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides an intelligent power transmitter monitoring system and method to solve at least one technical problem of the prior art.

[0004] The present invention provides an intelligent power transmitter monitoring system, which includes: a power transmitter and a monitoring server;

[0005] The power transmitter includes:

[0006] The signal acquisition module is used to acquire voltage and current.

[0007] The metering module is electrically connected to the signal acquisition module and is used to calculate power grid parameters based on the voltage and current acquired by the signal acquisition module.

[0008] The control module, electrically connected to the metering module, is used to receive the power grid parameters;

[0009] A communication module, connected to the control module, is used to send the power grid parameters received by the control module to the monitoring server; wherein, the communication module includes an Ethernet control module and an RS485 communication module;

[0010] The monitoring server is connected to the control module;

[0011] The monitoring platform is connected to the monitoring server.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the power transmitter further includes:

[0013] A relay output module is connected to the control module. The control module controls the relay output module to turn on and off based on preset parameter thresholds and real-time values. The real-time values ​​include real-time current, real-time voltage, and real-time grid parameters. The preset parameter thresholds include voltage thresholds, current thresholds, and grid parameter thresholds.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the signal acquisition module includes:

[0015] The current transformer submodule is used to collect current and obtain the current.

[0016] The current sampling and filtering submodule is used to sample the current and filter the sampled current.

[0017] The voltage divider submodule is used to acquire voltage and obtain the voltage.

[0018] The voltage sampling and filtering submodule is used to sample the voltage and filter the sampled voltage.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the power transmitter further includes:

[0020] The first isolation module is connected between the control module and the Ethernet control module;

[0021] The second isolation module is connected between the control module and the RS485 communication module.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, the power transmitter further includes:

[0023] The storage module, electrically connected to the control module, is used to store at least one of the sampling current, the sampling voltage, and the power grid parameters.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, the power transmitter further includes:

[0025] An alarm module, electrically connected to the control module, is used to issue an alarm message when the real-time value exceeds a preset parameter threshold.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring server determines the communication method between the monitoring server and the control module based on the data identifier; when the communication method between the monitoring server and the control module is Ethernet, the data transmitted by the control module is directly parsed into Modbus TCP frames; if the communication method between the monitoring server and the control module is RS485, the data transmitted by the control module is converted from Modbus RTU frames to Modbus TCP frames through an RS485 to Ethernet gateway as needed.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, the power transmitter further includes:

[0028] The communication health monitoring module is used to monitor the LINK status of the Ethernet controller and the communication quality of the RS485 bus; when a communication abnormality is detected, an alarm message is generated.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, the power transmitter further includes:

[0030] The relay safety protection module is used to detect whether the cumulative number of actions of the relay output module exceeds a preset number and whether the contact temperature of the relay output module exceeds a preset temperature before the relay output module operates. If the cumulative number of actions of the relay exceeds the preset number or the contact temperature exceeds the preset temperature, the relay output module is reset to a safe state through the control module.

[0031] The present invention provides an intelligent power transmitter monitoring system comprising:

[0032] Current and voltage signals are acquired by using a current transformer and a resistor voltage divider circuit to obtain the sampled current and sampled voltage.

[0033] The control module calculates the grid parameters based on the sampled current and the sampled voltage;

[0034] The control module selects Ethernet or RS485 as the communication method through local configuration or remote command, and enables the corresponding communication module according to the configuration. If the communication method is Ethernet, the data is encapsulated into Modbus TCP frames and the power grid parameters are sent to the monitoring server through the Ethernet controller. If the communication method is RS485, the data is encapsulated into Modbus RTU frames and the power grid parameters are sent to the monitoring server through the RS485 communication module.

[0035] The control module determines whether the power grid parameters are abnormal based on preset parameter thresholds and real-time values. When the power grid parameters are abnormal, it triggers the relay output module to close / open the external dry contact device.

[0036] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention proposes an intelligent power transmitter monitoring system, which includes a power transmitter and a monitoring server. The power transmitter includes: a signal acquisition module for acquiring voltage and current; a metering module electrically connected to the signal acquisition module for calculating grid parameters based on the voltage and current acquired by the signal acquisition module; a control module electrically connected to the metering module for receiving the grid parameters; and a communication module connected to the control module for sending the grid parameters received by the control module to the monitoring server. The communication module includes an Ethernet control module and an RS485 communication module. This invention, by integrating Ethernet and RS485 dual communication modules, supports flexible selection of communication methods and automatic conversion of data encapsulation formats. Simultaneously, by combining real-time threshold judgment and relay output module control mechanisms, it solves the problems of traditional systems having a single communication method and lacking intelligent protection, and has the advantages of improved communication flexibility, enhanced monitoring real-time performance, and automatic protection. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0038] In the attached diagram:

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of an intelligent power transmitter monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a network transmission and application framework diagram of a monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the processing at the transmitter end according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the monitoring server and monitoring platform processing according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0044] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. The drawings only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0045] In the following description, numerous details are explored to provide a more thorough explanation of embodiments of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other embodiments, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form rather than in detail to avoid obscuring embodiments of the invention.

[0046] To address the problems of existing technologies, the inventors observed the dual needs of short-range device-level communication and long-range system-level monitoring in industrial settings. Traditional transmitters use a single communication interface, forcing the system architecture to compromise between transmission distance and device compatibility. By analyzing the communication protocol conversion mechanism, they discovered that Modbus TCP and Modbus RTU protocols are compatible with data frames, enabling data interoperability at the application layer. Based on this, they proposed integrating a dual-mode communication module into the transmitter body, giving the device the ability to autonomously select the transmission mode, thereby constructing a flattened network architecture.

[0047] Therefore, this application proposes an intelligent power transmitter monitoring system, including a power transmitter and a monitoring server. The power transmitter includes a signal acquisition module to sample voltage and current, a metering module to calculate power grid parameters, a control module to receive parameter data, and a communication module including an Ethernet control module and an RS485 communication module to transmit data to the monitoring server.

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of an intelligent power transmitter monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 The intelligent power transmitter monitoring system includes:

[0049] Power transmitters and monitoring servers;

[0050] The power transmitter includes:

[0051] The signal acquisition module is used to acquire voltage and current.

[0052] The metering module is electrically connected to the signal acquisition module and is used to calculate power grid parameters based on the voltage and current acquired by the signal acquisition module.

[0053] The control module, electrically connected to the metering module, is used to receive power grid parameters;

[0054] The communication module, connected to the control module, is used to send the power grid parameters received by the control module to the monitoring server; the communication module includes an Ethernet control module and an RS485 communication module.

[0055] The monitoring server is connected to the control module;

[0056] The monitoring platform connects to the monitoring server.

[0057] The signal acquisition module is a device that acquires high-voltage signals through physical isolation. It can use a current transformer (3) in conjunction with a resistor divider circuit (4) to sample current and voltage. The current transformer circuit uses a high-precision current transformer; the primary winding is connected to the circuit under test, and the secondary winding outputs a mA-level signal, which is then connected to the current sampling and filtering circuit. The resistor divider circuit is connected between the three-phase voltage phase lines and ground, using high-precision resistors, and is connected to the voltage sampling and filtering circuit.

[0058] The metering module 7 is a computational unit that converts sampled signals into standard power grid parameters and outputs power pulse signals 8. It can be implemented using a digital signal processor, and its function is to generate standardized data that can be transmitted. The metering module has a built-in ADC, which synchronously acquires three-phase voltage / current signals, calculates power grid parameters such as active power, reactive power, and frequency, and transmits the data to the control module via an SPI interface or an I2C interface.

[0059] Control module 9 is the central processing unit that coordinates data processing and transmission paths. It can be implemented using a microcontroller, and one of its functions is to dynamically select the communication method. The control module is used to collect power data in real time and integrates data parsing, equipment parameter configuration, and load control functions. The microcontroller has built-in communication mode selection logic, configuring the communication path based on the following methods: manually selecting Ethernet or RS485 as the communication method through a local configuration interface; remotely configuring via a monitoring platform by sending communication mode selection commands to the microcontroller; and storing the currently effective communication mode configuration, which is automatically loaded after a system restart.

[0060] The communication module supports multiple communication interface combinations for various transmission protocols. It can be implemented using an Ethernet controller and an RS485 transceiver, providing a flexible data transmission channel. The Ethernet controller connects to the microcontroller via an SPI interface and an external RJ45 interface. The RS485 communication module connects to the microcontroller via a digital isolator and an RS485 transceiver, supporting baud rates of 2400-115200bps, with a default of 9600bps.

[0061] The monitoring server, connected to the network transmission unit, is used to receive, process, and store power data;

[0062] The monitoring platform connects to the monitoring server and is used for data visualization, parameter configuration, and alarm management.

[0063] Specifically, the current transformer collects the line current signal, which is then filtered and input into the metering module. A resistor divider circuit acquires the voltage signal, which is then filtered twice and sent to the metering module for parameter calculation. The control module receives the calculated grid parameters and selects either Ethernet or RS485 transmission mode according to a preset configuration. When Ethernet communication is selected, the data is encapsulated as Modbus TCP frames for direct transmission; when RS485 communication is selected, the data is encapsulated as Modbus RTU frames, and then converted to Modbus TCP frames for transmission as needed. This dual-mode transmission mechanism allows the transmitter to connect to both existing RS485 device networks and Ethernet monitoring systems, enabling the construction of a hybrid monitoring network without the need for additional relay equipment.

[0064] This invention directly supports long-distance transmission by integrating an Ethernet communication module, eliminating the need for relays. Through a dual-mode interface design, the RS485 device network is seamlessly compatible with Ethernet monitoring systems, allowing the device to simultaneously access two network environments, significantly improving the scalability and environmental adaptability of the monitoring system.

[0065] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a network transmission and application framework diagram of a monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The power transmitters 1-n are connected to the monitoring server via an RS485-to-Ethernet gateway or an Ethernet switch, and the monitoring server is connected to the monitoring platform.

[0066] In one embodiment, the power transmitter further includes two surge protection circuits, one surge protection circuit 1 connected between current transformers and the other surge protection circuit 2 connected before the resistor divider circuit.

[0067] In one embodiment, the power transmitter and the monitoring server exchange data via a network transmission unit, which includes an Ethernet switch and an RS485-to-Ethernet gateway. The Ethernet switch is connected to the Ethernet port of the power transmitter and to the monitoring server; the RS485-to-Ethernet gateway is connected to the RS485 port of the power transmitter and the Ethernet switch.

[0068] In one embodiment, the power transmitter further includes:

[0069] The relay output module 10 is connected to the control module. The control module controls the relay output module to turn on and off based on preset parameter thresholds and real-time values. The real-time values ​​include real-time current, real-time voltage, and real-time grid parameters. The preset parameter thresholds include voltage threshold, current threshold, and grid parameter threshold.

[0070] A relay output module is an electrical switching device that controls the on / off state of a circuit through electromagnetic effects. It can be implemented using an electromagnetic relay with contact protection function, and is used to quickly disconnect or connect an external load circuit under the drive of a control signal. The relay output module connects to external dry contact devices (such as circuit breakers and alarms). The contact status is fed back to the microcontroller's GPIO port through an optocoupler. A freewheeling diode is connected in parallel across the coil to suppress back electromotive force interference.

[0071] The preset parameter thresholds refer to the safety limits of voltage, current and power grid parameters that are pre-stored in non-volatile memory. They can be dynamically adjusted through the host computer configuration interface to set protection trigger conditions under different operating conditions.

[0072] Real-time values ​​refer to the instantaneous measurements of current and voltage continuously acquired by the signal acquisition module, as well as the power grid parameters calculated by the metering module. These values ​​can be acquired by an analog-to-digital converter at a fixed sampling frequency and are used to reflect the dynamic changes in the power grid's operating status.

[0073] Specifically, the control module continuously receives real-time current, real-time voltage, and grid parameter data from the metering module, and compares these real-time values ​​with preset voltage thresholds, current thresholds, and grid parameter thresholds. When any real-time value exceeds the corresponding threshold, the control module immediately outputs a drive signal to the relay output module, causing a change in the contact state of the relay output module, thereby cutting off the fault circuit or triggering an external protection device. For example, in the event of an overvoltage condition, after detecting that the real-time voltage exceeds the voltage threshold, the control module can cut off the relay output module within milliseconds, preventing damage to downstream equipment due to voltage surges.

[0074] This invention covers current, voltage, and composite power grid parameters through multi-dimensional monitoring of real-time values, enabling accurate identification of complex fault types such as overload, harmonic exceedance, and abnormal power factor. Layered preset threshold settings allow for independent configuration of trigger conditions for different protection scenarios. For example, in current protection, dual thresholds for short-time and long-time overcurrent can be set to avoid malfunctions while ensuring the safety of critical equipment.

[0075] In one embodiment, the power transmitter further includes an analog output module 14, through which the microcontroller outputs an analog signal via a DAC module, an operational amplifier, or a V / I conversion circuit.

[0076] In one embodiment, the signal acquisition module includes:

[0077] The current transformer submodule is used to collect current and obtain the current.

[0078] The current sampling and filtering submodule 5 is used to sample the current and filter the sampled current.

[0079] The voltage divider submodule is used to acquire voltage and obtain the voltage.

[0080] Voltage sampling and filtering submodule 6 is used to sample the voltage and filter the sampled voltage.

[0081] The current sampling and filtering submodule uses high-precision resistor sampling to convert the secondary current signal into a voltage signal. After passing through a low-pass filter to remove high-frequency noise, the signal is input to the current channel of the metering module. The voltage sampling and filtering submodule uses high-precision resistor sampling, and after passing through a low-pass filter to remove high-frequency noise, the signal is input to the voltage channel of the metering module.

[0082] Specifically, the current signal is electromagnetically isolated and sampled by the current transformer submodule, and then high-frequency interference components are filtered out by the current sampling and filtering submodule to form a stable AC current signal. The voltage signal is attenuated by the resistor voltage divider submodule, and then high-frequency noise is filtered out by the voltage sampling and filtering submodule. The current and voltage signal processing paths are physically isolated to avoid coupling interference between strong current loops and weak voltage signals.

[0083] In one embodiment, the power transmitter further includes:

[0084] The first isolation module 15 is connected between the control module and the Ethernet control module 17;

[0085] The second isolation module 16 is connected between the control module and the RS485 communication module 18.

[0086] The first isolation module is an isolation device used to block electrical interference between Ethernet communication and the control module. It can be implemented using a magnetic coupler or a capacitor isolator. Signal transmission and power isolation are achieved through an isolation transformer, eliminating the interference of high-frequency electromagnetic interference generated by the Ethernet controller on the control module.

[0087] The second isolation module is an isolation device used to suppress the potential difference between the RS485 bus and the control module. It can be implemented using an optocoupler isolator or a digital isolation chip to suppress the impact of common-mode noise generated by the RS485 bus during long-distance transmission on the control module.

[0088] Specifically, in Ethernet communication links, magnetic isolators transmit differential signals through electromagnetic induction while simultaneously blocking common-mode interference generated by the Ethernet controller from propagating to the control module. In RS485 communication links, optocouplers eliminate the impact of bus ground potential differences on the control module's logic circuits through photoelectric conversion between LEDs and phototransistors. These two isolation modules address the interference characteristics of different communication interfaces, forming a dual isolation barrier: for high-frequency Ethernet interference, the high-frequency response characteristics of the magnetic isolator achieve rapid isolation; for surges and ground potential shifts in long-distance RS485 transmission, the withstand voltage characteristics of the optocoupler achieve stable isolation. This differentiated isolation design prevents interference signals from both interfaces from coupling through a common ground path when the control module simultaneously accesses Ethernet and RS485 communication.

[0089] This invention effectively solves the problem of electrical interference coupling caused by the mixed application of Ethernet and RS485 communication modules. It enables the control module to maintain stable signal processing capability while simultaneously handling high-speed Ethernet communication and long-distance RS485 communication, avoiding increased sampling errors or logic malfunctions caused by communication interference, and ensuring the reliability of the system in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0090] In one embodiment of the present invention, the power transmitter further includes:

[0091] The storage module 12 is electrically connected to the control module and is used to store at least one of the sampled current, sampled voltage, and power grid parameters.

[0092] The storage module is a hardware unit used to temporarily or persistently store power monitoring data, and can be implemented using EEPROM or FRAM. This module implements data writing and reading operations through the control module, and maintains local data integrity in the event of communication link failure.

[0093] Specifically, the control module writes the raw current and voltage signals acquired by the signal acquisition module and the power grid parameters generated by the metering module into the storage module in real time. When network delays, packet loss, or hardware failures occur in Ethernet or RS485 communication, the storage module continues to record data and establish a timestamp index. After communication is restored, historical data that has not been uploaded to the storage module can be retrieved in batches and re-uploaded to the monitoring server.

[0094] In one embodiment, the power transmitter further includes:

[0095] Alarm module 13 is electrically connected to the control module and is used to issue an alarm message when the real-time value exceeds the preset parameter threshold.

[0096] An alarm module is a device that triggers warning signals based on abnormal signals. It can be implemented using a combination of a buzzer and LED indicator lights. By receiving abnormal status signals from the control module, it activates the audible and visual alarm function, providing a clear warning when power grid parameters are abnormal, indicating the status of the power grid parameters or equipment. The alarm module can use three-color LED indicators (red / yellow / green) to represent abnormal power grid parameters, communication failures, and normal equipment operation, respectively. Preset parameter thresholds refer to pre-defined safe range values ​​for voltage, current, or power grid parameters. These can be set through software configuration or hardware circuitry. For example, the voltage threshold can be set to 380V ± 10%, and the current threshold to 6A. Real-time comparison of these thresholds with real-time values ​​ensures accurate identification of abnormal states.

[0097] Specifically, the control module continuously receives real-time current, voltage, and grid parameter data from the metering module and compares this data with preset voltage and current thresholds in real time. When the real-time value exceeds the corresponding threshold, the control module sends a trigger signal to the alarm module, which immediately activates an audible and visual alarm upon receiving the signal. For example, when a current exceeding 6A is detected, a buzzer sounds continuously, while a red LED indicator flashes at a high frequency, forming a dual warning mechanism.

[0098] This invention can immediately generate alarm prompts when power grid parameters are abnormal, enabling operators to quickly locate the abnormal point and take protective measures, effectively reducing the risk of equipment downtime caused by overload or failure, while also reducing the cost of manual monitoring.

[0099] In one embodiment, the monitoring server determines the communication method between the monitoring server and the control module based on the data identifier; when the communication method between the monitoring server and the control module is Ethernet, the data transmitted by the control module is directly parsed into Modbus TCP frames; if the communication method between the monitoring server and the control module is RS485, the data transmitted by the control module is converted from Modbus RTU to Modbus TCP frames through an RS485 to Ethernet gateway.

[0100] The data identifier refers to the protocol identifier field embedded in the communication message, which can be implemented using the feature code in the message header, and is used to indicate the current communication link type. The RS485 to Ethernet gateway refers to a physical layer device with protocol conversion capabilities, specifically implemented using an embedded gateway module integrating the Modbus protocol stack, used to convert serial communication signals into Ethernet data packets. A Modbus TCP frame refers to an industrial communication message encapsulated based on the TCP / IP protocol, specifically implemented using a frame structure that separates function codes and data, suitable for high-speed network transmission. A Modbus RTU frame refers to a binary message based on RS485 serial communication, specifically implemented using a compact frame format with CRC checksum, suitable for low-speed, long-distance transmission.

[0101] Specifically, in a hybrid communication environment, the monitoring service center determines the current communication method by parsing the data identifier field. When Ethernet communication is detected, the data frame is directly parsed according to the Modbus TCP protocol, retaining the original data's timestamp and device address information. When RS485 communication is detected, the serial signal is converted into Ethernet data packets through the gateway device, and the device address in the Modbus RTU frame is mapped to the TCP / IP address space.

[0102] This invention achieves automatic adaptation between Ethernet and RS485 communication protocols, solving the problem of data parsing errors in multi-protocol environments. By dynamically selecting communication methods and frame format conversions, it ensures that data from different physical layer devices can be accurately parsed and integrated into a unified monitoring platform, improving the reliability of data transmission in heterogeneous network environments.

[0103] In one embodiment, the power transmitter further includes:

[0104] The communication health monitoring module is used to monitor the LINK status of the Ethernet controller and the communication quality of the RS485 bus; when a communication abnormality is detected, an alarm message is generated.

[0105] A communication health monitoring module refers to a hardware or software unit capable of simultaneously monitoring the physical layer status of both Ethernet and RS485 communication links. It can be implemented using a microprocessor integrating signal detection circuitry and logic algorithms to identify the connection status and signal integrity of the communication link. The LINK status of the Ethernet controller indicates the Ethernet physical layer connection status. This can be achieved by reading the status bits of the Ethernet controller's registers or detecting indicator lights on the physical layer chip, used to determine if the network cable connection is normal and if the port is active. RS485 bus communication quality monitoring involves detecting bus signal levels, impedance matching, and bit error rate. This can be achieved using a differential signal amplitude measurement circuit combined with a CRC error counter, used to identify communication anomalies caused by bus short circuits, open circuits, or signal attenuation.

[0106] Specifically, the communication health monitoring module periodically polls the Ethernet controller's LINK status register. When the LINK status is read as disconnected three times consecutively, it determines that the Ethernet physical connection is abnormal. Simultaneously, the module performs differential voltage sampling on the RS485 bus. If the bus voltage is consistently below a preset threshold, or the CRC check error rate exceeds a set threshold, it determines that the RS485 communication quality is abnormal. When any communication link malfunctions, the module immediately triggers an alarm signal generation circuit, outputting an alarm through a combination of flashing LEDs and closed relay output module contacts. The fault type is encoded and stored in non-volatile memory. Maintenance personnel can obtain the specific fault type through a local display interface or a remote monitoring platform, thus quickly locating the faulty module.

[0107] In one embodiment, the power transmitter further includes a status feedback circuit 11, which monitors the status of the relay contacts in real time and feeds it back to the microcontroller.

[0108] In one embodiment, the power transmitter further includes:

[0109] The relay safety protection module is used to detect whether the cumulative number of operations of the relay output module exceeds a preset number and whether the contact temperature of the relay output module exceeds a preset temperature before the relay output module operates. If the cumulative number of operations of the relay exceeds the preset number or the contact temperature exceeds the preset temperature, the relay output module is reset to a safe state through the control module.

[0110] Specifically, when the relay output module receives an action command from the control module, the relay output module's safety protection module first reads the accumulated number of actions from the memory and compares it with a preset number. If the accumulated number exceeds a threshold, it immediately sends a prohibition signal to the control module. Simultaneously, the temperature sensor collects contact temperature data in real time; if the temperature exceeds a preset threshold, it also triggers a prohibition signal. When any detection condition is triggered, the control module performs a relay output module reset operation, switching it to the off state or cutting off the power supply circuit, thereby preventing the relay output module from continuing to operate under abnormal conditions.

[0111] This invention employs a dual detection mechanism to proactively identify mechanical wear and temperature anomalies before the relay output module performs its actions. This effectively prevents contact adhesion or operational failure caused by mechanical fatigue in the relay output module, while also avoiding equipment damage or fire risks caused by excessively high contact temperatures. Furthermore, it blocks abnormal states through a forced reset operation, thereby improving the timeliness and comprehensiveness of protection measures.

[0112] Regarding the aforementioned intelligent power transmitter monitoring system, one embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent power transmitter monitoring method comprising:

[0113] Current and voltage signals are acquired by using a current transformer and a resistor voltage divider circuit to obtain the sampled current and sampled voltage.

[0114] The control module calculates the grid parameters based on the sampled current and sampled voltage;

[0115] The control module selects Ethernet or RS485 as the communication method through local configuration or remote command, and enables the corresponding communication module according to the configuration. If the communication method is Ethernet, the data is encapsulated into Modbus TCP frames and the power grid parameters are sent to the monitoring server through the Ethernet controller. If the communication method is RS485, the data is encapsulated into Modbus RTU frames and the power grid parameters are sent to the monitoring server through the RS485 communication module.

[0116] The control module determines whether the power grid parameters are abnormal based on preset parameter thresholds and real-time values. When the power grid parameters are abnormal, it triggers the relay output module to close / open the external dry contact device.

[0117] It should be noted that the intelligent power transmitter monitoring method and the intelligent power transmitter monitoring system provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept. The specific operation methods of each module and unit have been described in detail in the method embodiments and will not be repeated here. In practical applications, the intelligent power transmitter monitoring method provided in the above embodiments can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. This is not a limitation here.

[0118] It should be noted that when configuring and enabling the corresponding communication module, the system defaults to Ethernet communication upon initial startup, awaiting user configuration. When switching communication modes, the system receives the communication mode switching command (local or remote), saves the new configuration to storage, disconnects the power to the current communication module, initializes and enables the newly selected communication module. A mutual exclusion mechanism is also employed, allowing only one communication mode to operate at a time to prevent data conflicts.

[0119] During the process of the microcontroller determining abnormal power grid parameters based on preset thresholds, the collected power grid parameters are compared with the preset thresholds in real time. For threshold comparison, multi-level threshold configuration (such as warning threshold, emergency threshold) is supported; for the action strategy configuration of the relay, delayed action is supported. At the same time, the time, cause and result of each relay action are recorded, and the relay status is synchronized to the monitoring platform through the current communication method.

[0120] This invention employs both RS485 and Ethernet communication methods. During the debugging phase, both Ethernet and RS485 communication are enabled simultaneously; the data deviation rates of the two transmissions are compared to ensure consistency. A verification report is generated and stored on the monitoring server.

[0121] The safety protection mechanism for the relay output module includes: checking whether the action count counter exceeds the preset lifespan value (e.g., 100,000 times) before each relay action; detecting the contact temperature and automatically disconnecting the relay power supply when it exceeds 75°C; in emergency situations (e.g., system crash), forcibly resetting the relay to a safe state via a hardware watchdog; and remote dry contact control function: the monitoring platform sends relay control commands to the monitoring server; the server forwards the commands to the power transmitter via the current communication method; and the microcontroller executes the commands and returns the action results.

[0122] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the transmitter-side processing according to an embodiment of the present invention; the transmitter-side processing includes:

[0123] Initialization: Read the storage unit configuration, including communication method (Ethernet / RS485), slave address, alarm threshold, etc.

[0124] Initialize the corresponding communication module; in Ethernet mode, encapsulate the data into Modbus TCP frames and send them to the monitoring server; in RS485 mode, encapsulate the data into Modbus RTU frames and send them to the RS485 bus.

[0125] Data acquisition: Read metering chip data every 100ms, including voltage, current, active power, and reactive power.

[0126] Temperature compensation: Corrects voltage division error by using a temperature sensor;

[0127] Analog output: Converts electrical parameters such as voltage, current, active power, and reactive power into 4-20mA or 0-5V analog output;

[0128] Relay control: When the voltage and current of any phase reach the set threshold, the microcontroller outputs a high level to the relay drive circuit. After 50ms, the contact feedback status is detected. If no action is taken, a secondary drive is triggered (interval 200ms).

[0129] Indicator light control: When the equipment is running normally, the indicator light is green; when the power grid parameters are abnormal, the indicator light is red; and when there is a communication failure, the indicator light is yellow.

[0130] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the monitoring server and monitoring platform processing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0131] For monitoring servers, including:

[0132] Data receiving thread: listens on the Modbus TCP port and the RS485 to gateway port.

[0133] Parse the data frame: extract the device address and register value, add a timestamp (precision in milliseconds) and store it in the database.

[0134] Protocol conversion module: RTU to TCP, converting RTU frames (byte streams) into TCP frames. TCP to RTU, extracting the data fields of TCP frames and encapsulating them into RTU frames.

[0135] For monitoring platforms:

[0136] Real-time data refresh: The front end subscribes to device data and receives incremental updates every 500ms;

[0137] Data display: Voltage / current display retains 2 decimal places, power display retains 3 decimal places, and the value turns red and flashes when it exceeds the threshold.

[0138] Remote configuration process: The user enters new parameters on the platform (such as RS485 baud rate 115200bps) and clicks "Save";

[0139] The backend generates Modbus write commands and selects either TCP or RTU channel to send them based on the device's current communication method.

[0140] After receiving the command, the transmitter updates the storage unit and restarts the communication module, returning a confirmation response.

[0141] Through the above implementation methods, the present invention achieves flexible adaptation of dual communication interfaces, precise control of intelligent relays, and efficient management of the monitoring platform, meeting the requirements of industrial-grade power monitoring for reliability, flexibility, and intelligence.

[0142] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart power transmitter monitoring system, characterized in that, The intelligent power transmitter monitoring system includes: a power transmitter, a monitoring server, and a monitoring platform; The power transmitter includes: The signal acquisition module is used to acquire voltage and current. The metering module is electrically connected to the signal acquisition module and is used to calculate power grid parameters based on the voltage and current acquired by the signal acquisition module. The control module, electrically connected to the metering module, is used to receive the power grid parameters; A communication module, connected to the control module, is used to send the power grid parameters received by the control module to the monitoring server; wherein, the communication module includes an Ethernet control module and an RS485 communication module. The monitoring server is connected to the control module; The monitoring platform is connected to the monitoring server.

2. The intelligent power transmitter monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power transmitter also includes: A relay output module is connected to the control module. The control module controls the relay output module to turn on and off based on preset parameter thresholds and real-time values. The real-time values ​​include real-time current, real-time voltage, and real-time grid parameters. The preset parameter thresholds include voltage thresholds, current thresholds, and grid parameter thresholds.

3. The intelligent power transmitter monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal acquisition module includes: The current transformer submodule is used to collect current and obtain the current. The current sampling and filtering submodule is used to sample the current and filter the sampled current. The voltage divider submodule is used to acquire voltage and obtain the voltage. The voltage sampling and filtering submodule is used to sample the voltage and filter the sampled voltage.

4. The intelligent power transmitter monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power transmitter also includes: The first isolation module is connected between the control module and the Ethernet control module; The second isolation module is connected between the control module and the RS485 communication module.

5. The intelligent power transmitter monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power transmitter also includes: The storage module, electrically connected to the control module, is used to store at least one of the sampling current, the sampling voltage, and the power grid parameters.

6. The intelligent power transmitter monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power transmitter also includes: An alarm module, electrically connected to the control module, is used to issue an alarm message when the real-time value exceeds a preset parameter threshold.

7. The intelligent power transmitter monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring server determines the communication method between the monitoring server and the control module based on the data identifier. When the communication method between the monitoring server and the control module is Ethernet, the data transmitted by the control module is directly parsed into Modbus TCP frames. If the communication method between the monitoring server and the control module is RS485, the data transmitted by the control module is converted from Modbus RTU frames to Modbus TCP frames through an RS485 to Ethernet gateway as needed.

8. The intelligent power transmitter monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power transmitter also includes: The communication health monitoring module is used to monitor the LINK status of the Ethernet controller and the communication quality of the RS485 bus; when a communication abnormality is detected, an alarm message is generated.

9. The intelligent power transmitter monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The power transmitter also includes: The relay safety protection module is used to detect whether the cumulative number of actions of the relay output module exceeds a preset number and whether the contact temperature of the relay output module exceeds a preset temperature before the relay output module operates. If the cumulative number of actions of the relay exceeds the preset number or the contact temperature exceeds the preset temperature, the relay output module is reset to a safe state through the control module.

10. A monitoring method using the intelligent power transmitter monitoring system according to any one of claims 2-9, characterized in that, The intelligent power transmitter monitoring method includes: Current and voltage signals are acquired by using a current transformer and a resistor voltage divider circuit to obtain the sampled current and sampled voltage. The control module calculates the grid parameters based on the sampled current and the sampled voltage; The control module selects Ethernet or RS485 as the communication method through local configuration or remote command, and enables the corresponding communication module according to the configuration. If the communication method is Ethernet, the data is encapsulated into Modbus TCP frames and the power grid parameters are sent to the monitoring server through the Ethernet controller. If the communication method is RS485, the data is encapsulated into Modbus RTU frames and the power grid parameters are sent to the monitoring server through the RS485 communication module. The control module determines whether the power grid parameters are abnormal based on preset parameter thresholds and real-time values. When the power grid parameters are abnormal, it triggers the relay output module to close / open the external dry contact device.

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