A three-stage filtration system assembly and method of use on a ventilation system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of flue gas treatment, and particularly discloses a three-stage filtering system assembly device and a use method thereof on a ventilation system. The three-stage filtering device is arranged in the ventilation pipeline to filter and treat the flue gas entering the pipeline. The first two stages of filtering are physical filtering of particulate matters in the flue gas, and the third stage of filtering is filtering of gaseous pollutants in the flue gas by using activated carbon. When the filtering device at each stage is blocked, a cleaning driving assembly is automatically triggered to drive corresponding cleaning assemblies and blocking assemblies to clean the blocked position, and the impurities cleaned are collected in the collecting assembly, so that the poor flue gas treatment effect caused by the blockage of the filtering device and the delay in cleaning is avoided, the manual cleaning process is saved, and the treatment efficiency of the three-stage filtering system for the flue gas is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flue gas treatment technology, specifically to a three-stage filtration system assembly and its application in a ventilation system. Background Technology

[0002] During the production process, flue gas is generated in the production workshop. The flue gas generally contains particulate matter and harmful gases. If the flue gas cannot be discharged from the production workshop in a timely manner, it will have a serious impact on the environment inside the production workshop and will endanger the health of production personnel. Therefore, it must be collected and treated through ventilation ducts before being discharged to the outside.

[0003] Patent document CN219023662U discloses a fume treatment device for a laser cutting machine, including an exhaust fan, a filter assembly, and a fume absorption box. The air inlet of the filter assembly is connected to the waste trough of the machine, and the air outlet of the filter assembly is connected to the air inlet of the exhaust fan through a first pipe. The air outlet of the exhaust fan is connected to the fume absorption box through a second pipe. The filter assembly includes ventilation holes and at least two filter plates. The ventilation holes penetrate the machine and are connected to the first pipe and the waste trough. The filter plates are slidably inserted into the machine, and the bottom end of each filter plate extends to the bottom of the inner wall of the ventilation hole. During fume treatment, the exhaust fan operates to draw the fume out of the waste trough. Iron filings and other impurities in the fume are filtered out before entering the pipe or the exhaust fan, and can directly intercept iron filings and other impurities in the waste trough of the machine. After a period of use, the front filter plates can be pulled out for cleaning.

[0004] The following problems exist in this solution: After the filter plates have been used for a certain period of time, the clogged filter plates need to be manually pulled out of the pipe and cleaned. In addition, the front filter screen will frequently become clogged because it is the first to come into contact with the flue gas. Operators will frequently pull out the front filter plates for cleaning. If cleaning is not timely, it will reduce the efficiency of flue gas treatment, and frequent manual cleaning will increase the workload of workers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a three-stage filtration system assembly and its application method in a ventilation system, aiming to solve the problem in related technologies where filtration equipment becomes clogged after a certain period of use, requiring manual removal for cleaning, and the failure to clean the filtration equipment in a timely manner will affect the equipment's efficiency in treating flue gas.

[0006] The present invention provides a three-stage filtration system assembly, comprising a horizontally extending pipe, characterized in that a cleaning component, a sealing component, a cleaning drive component, and filter elements one, two, and three arranged sequentially are disposed within the pipe.

[0007] Filter element one and filter element two are used to filter particulate matter in the flue gas, while filter element three uses activated carbon to treat gaseous pollutants in the flue gas. The cleaning drive assembly, in conjunction with the cleaning assembly and the sealing assembly, cleans any blockages in filter element one, filter element two, and filter element three.

[0008] When filter element one, filter element two, or filter element three becomes clogged, filter element one, filter element two, or the sealing assembly automatically moves within the pipeline to connect with the cleaning drive assembly, thereby driving filter element one, filter element two, or the sealing assembly to reciprocate. Through the connection between filter element one or filter element two and the cleaning assembly, the cleaning assembly cleans filter element one or filter element two; through the connection between the sealing assembly and filter element three, the clogged area of ​​filter element three is cleared.

[0009] Preferably, filter element one and filter element two are slidably disposed within the pipeline. Both filter element one and filter element two include a connecting frame and a filter screen, with the pore size of the filter screen in filter element one being larger than that in filter element two. Filter element three includes a barrier mesh one, a barrier mesh two, and a housing. The housing is fixedly disposed within the pipeline, and the barrier mesh one and barrier mesh two are disposed in a cavity opened within the housing. Activated carbon is placed between the barrier mesh one and barrier mesh two.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting frame and the filter screen are inclined inside the pipe, that is, the upper part of the connecting frame is inclined in the direction of pipe extension. The connecting frame is provided with a sliding connecting block that slides along its inclined direction. The cleaning component slides up and down inside the pipe. The sliding connecting block is connected to the cleaning component so that when the connecting frame moves, it drives the cleaning component to move up and down to clean the filter screen. The sealing component is slidably mounted on the housing. A discharge port is opened at the bottom front end of the housing. The sealing component is adapted to the housing and the inner wall of the pipe. When the sealing component moves above the housing, it opens and closes the discharge port.

[0011] Preferably, the cleaning drive assembly includes a second drive rod and a motor that drives the second drive rod to rotate. The second drive rod has three sets of bidirectional spiral grooves and annular grooves, which are respectively set to correspond to the first filter element, the second filter element, and the sealing assembly. The bidirectional spiral groove is a continuous groove formed by two spirally distributed grooves with different rotation directions. The front end of each set of bidirectional spiral grooves is connected to the annular groove. The first filter element, the second filter element, and the sealing assembly all include protrusions that are adapted to the bidirectional spiral grooves. When the protrusions in the first filter element, the second filter element, and the sealing assembly move into the bidirectional spiral grooves, the second drive rod drives the first filter element, the second filter element, or the sealing assembly to perform one reciprocating movement.

[0012] Preferably, the cleaning component includes a sliding block and a connecting rod that move up and down within the pipe. The connecting rod is fixedly mounted on the sliding block, and the cleaning component is fixedly mounted on the connecting rod. The sliding connecting block is connected to the connecting rod.

[0013] Preferably, an elastic element 1 is provided between filter element 1 and the pipe, an elastic element 2 is provided between filter element 2 and the pipe, and an elastic element 3 is provided between the activated carbon cleaning component and filter element 3. The elastic elements 1, 2, and 3 respectively cause filter element 1, filter element 2, and sealing component to move towards the annular groove.

[0014] Preferably, the first barrier net is disposed at the front end of the shell, the second barrier net is slidably disposed in the third filter element, the third filter element is fixedly disposed with a limiting block, the activated carbon is disposed between the first barrier net and the second barrier net, and an elastic element five is disposed between the second barrier net and the limiting block so that the second barrier net pushes the activated carbon toward the first barrier net.

[0015] Preferably, a limiting component is provided inside the housing. The limiting component includes a limiting plate 2 that moves up and down inside the housing, a trigger rod that is fixedly connected to the activated carbon cleaning component, and an elastic component 6. The elastic component 6 is disposed between the limiting plate 2 and the housing. An inclined surface that cooperates with the trigger rod is provided in front of the limiting plate 2 so that when the sealing component moves relative to the housing, it drives the trigger rod to move synchronously. The trigger rod presses against the inclined surface of the limiting plate 2, causing the limiting plate 2 to move downward and abut against the barrier net 2 to limit the position of the barrier net 2 in the housing.

[0016] Preferably, the housing is provided with a feeding assembly, which includes a gear, a transmission rod, and a sealing block. The transmission rod is rotatably disposed inside the filter element three, with one end extending outside the pipe. The gear is fixedly disposed on the side of the transmission rod inside the housing. A limit rod is fixedly disposed on the barrier net two, and a rack is disposed on the limit rod to mesh with the gear. An inlet adapted to the sealing block is opened on the filter element three. By rotating the transmission rod, the meshing of the gear and the rack controls the barrier net two to move away from the barrier net one, and then the sealing block is removed, and new activated carbon is added through the inlet.

[0017] A method for using a three-stage filtration system assembly in a ventilation system, wherein the three-stage filtration system assembly is used. Beneficial effects

[0018] 1. When the filter screen of filter element one or filter element two becomes clogged, causing the pressure inside the pipeline to rise, the filter element will overcome the tension of the elastic element under the action of air pressure and generate displacement, so that the protrusion on its connecting frame is embedded in the corresponding bidirectional spiral groove of drive rod two. Drive rod two rotates continuously, and through the cooperation of spiral groove and protrusion, it drives the filter element to move back and forth. During the movement of the filter element, through the cooperation of its inclined sliding groove and sliding connecting block, it pushes the cleaning component connected to it to scrape the filter screen up and down, thereby removing the accumulated dust. This realizes the automatic identification and cleaning of the blockage of the first two physical filter screens, avoiding the increase in system pressure and the decrease in filtration efficiency caused by the accumulation of particulate matter. At the same time, it replaces manual disassembly and cleaning, improving the degree of automation and maintenance efficiency.

[0019] 2. When the activated carbon layer of filter element three becomes clogged, the pressure inside the pipeline increases, pushing the sealing assembly to overcome the elastic force of elastic element three and move backward. This causes the protrusion on its transmission tube to enter the corresponding bidirectional spiral groove of drive rod two. Drive rod two rotates, causing the sealing assembly to reciprocate. First, the discharge port at the bottom of the housing is opened, allowing the clogged activated carbon to be discharged under gravity. Then, the discharge port is closed. At the same time, the limiting element is triggered during the movement of the sealing assembly, restricting the movement of the blocking net two and preventing it from squeezing the activated carbon and affecting the discharge. This ensures the unobstructed flow of the activated carbon layer, maintains the continuous treatment capacity for gaseous pollutants, and solves the problem of needing to stop and replace the activated carbon after it becomes saturated or clogged on the surface.

[0020] 3. During the cleaning process, the particles scraped off from the filter screens of filter element one and filter element two fall into the impurity collection box through the impurity discharge port one at the bottom of the pipe, while the waste activated carbon discharged from filter element three enters the activated carbon collection box through the impurity discharge port two. The collection box is sealed to the pipe to prevent the pollutants from being re-entrained, thereby achieving centralized collection and separation of pollutants, avoiding secondary pollution or system performance degradation caused by internal dust accumulation, and also reducing the frequency and time cost of downtime cleaning.

[0021] 4. This invention allows flue gas to pass through filter element one, filter element two, and filter element three in sequence. Filter element one and filter element two use filter screens with different pore sizes to physically intercept particulate matter in stages, while the third stage uses activated carbon to adsorb gaseous pollutants. This achieves progressively refined filtration, ensuring that all kinds of pollutants are effectively captured, thereby achieving comprehensive purification of flue gas and solving the problems of low efficiency and narrow coverage of traditional single filtration methods. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of this invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the inside of the pipe in this invention;

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure at point B;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning drive component in this invention;

[0027] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure at point C;

[0028] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second drive rod in this invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing three partial cross-sections of the filter element in this invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding component in this invention.

[0031] Reference numerals: 1. Pipe; 111. Impeller; 112. Drive rod one; 12. Connecting block one; 13. Elastic element one; 14. Connecting block two; 15. Elastic element two; 16. Smoke extraction pipe; 17. Sliding groove one; 181. Waste discharge port one; 182. Waste discharge port two; 21. Filter element one; 211. Sliding groove two; 22. Filter element two; 221. Sliding groove three; 23. Connecting frame; 24. Filter screen; 3. Cleaning drive assembly; 31. Drive rod two; 311. Bidirectional spiral groove; 312. Annular groove; 32. Motor; 4. Filter element three; 411. Barrier net one; 412. Barrier net II; 413, Shell; 43, Discharge Port; 44, Limiting Block; 45, Limiting Plate I; 46, Receiving Tank; 47, Inlet; 48, Limiting Rod; 481, Rack; 49, Elastic Component V; 5, Cleaning Component; 51, Sliding Block; 52, Connecting Rod; 521, Cleaning Component; 53, Sliding Connecting Block; 6, Sealing Component; 61, Transmission Pipe; 62, Elastic Component III; 7, Collection Component; 71, Impurity Collection Box; 72, Activated Carbon Collection Box; 81, Limiting Plate II; 82, Elastic Component VI; 83, Trigger Rod; 91, Sealing Block; 92, Gear Component; 93, Transmission Rod; 94, Handwheel. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0033] Reference Figures 1 to 9 This invention discloses a three-stage filtration system assembly, comprising a horizontally extending pipe 1 and an exhaust assembly for drawing flue gas into the pipe 1. The pipe 1 is equipped with a first filter element 21, a second filter element 22, a third filter element 4, a cleaning assembly 5, a sealing assembly 6, a cleaning drive assembly 3, and a collection assembly 7. The first filter element 21 and the second filter element 22 are used for graded filtration of particulate matter in the flue gas. The third filter element 4 uses activated carbon to filter gaseous pollutants in the flue gas. The cleaning drive assembly 3, in conjunction with the cleaning assembly 5, is used to clean the first filter element 21 and the second filter element 22. The cleaning drive assembly 3, in conjunction with the sealing assembly 6, is used to clean any clogged activated carbon. The collection assembly 7 is used to collect the dust and activated carbon cleaned from the first filter element 21, the second filter element 22, and the third filter element 4.

[0034] During operation, external flue gas is drawn into the pipe 1 through the exhaust assembly. The flue gas flows along the pipe 1 and passes through filter element 1 21, filter element 22, and filter element 3 4 in sequence for three-stage treatment. When filter element 1 21 or filter element 22 becomes blocked, the flue gas has difficulty passing through filter element 1 21 or filter element 22 smoothly, resulting in an increase in pressure in front of filter element 1 21 or filter element 22 in the pipe 1. That is, the force on filter element 1 21 or filter element 22 increases, causing filter element 1 21 or filter element 22 to move automatically along the pipe 1, connecting filter element 1 21 or filter element 22 to the cleaning drive assembly 3. The cleaning drive assembly 3 drives filter element 1 21 or filter element 22 to move in the pipe 1. In turn, through the connection between filter element 1 21 or filter element 22 and the cleaning drive assembly 3, the cleaning assembly 5 moves relative to filter element 1 21 or filter element 22 to clean filter element 1 21 or filter element 22.

[0035] Similarly, when filter element 3 4 becomes clogged, the flue gas has difficulty passing through filter element 3 4 smoothly, resulting in an increase in pressure in front of filter element 3 4 in pipe 1. This increases the force on the sealing assembly 6, causing the sealing assembly 6 to move automatically relative to filter element 3 4. This connects the sealing assembly 6 with the cleaning drive assembly 3, which in turn drives the sealing assembly 6 to move, allowing the sealing assembly 6 to work with the structure of filter element 3 4 to discharge the activated carbon clogged in filter element 3 4.

[0036] The collection component 7 is used to collect impurities cleaned from filter element 1 21 and filter element 2 22, as well as clogged activated carbon discharged from filter element 3 4.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 Filter element 1 21, filter element 22 and filter element 3 4 are arranged sequentially along the extension direction of pipe 1. Filter element 1 21 and filter element 22 both include a connecting frame 23 and a filter screen 24. The filter screen 24 is fixedly connected to the center of the connecting frame 23. In this embodiment, the pore size of the filter screen 24 in filter element 1 21 is larger than that of the filter screen 24 in filter element 22.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 7The filter element 4 includes a first barrier mesh 411, a second barrier mesh 412, and a housing 413. The housing 413 is adapted to the inner wall of the pipe 1 and is fixedly installed inside the pipe 1. A cavity for accommodating activated carbon is opened inside the housing 413. The first barrier mesh 411 and the second barrier mesh 412 are installed inside the cavity of the housing 413, and the first barrier mesh 411 is installed at the front end of the housing 413, that is, the first barrier mesh 411 is installed at the end of the housing 413 near the second filter element 22. The first barrier mesh 411 and the second barrier mesh 412 are used to limit the position of the activated carbon, that is, the activated carbon is placed between the first barrier mesh 411 and the second barrier mesh 412.

[0039] Reference Figures 2 to 7 The filter element 21 is slidably disposed inside the pipe 1, that is, the connecting frame 23 in the filter element 21 is adapted to the inner wall of the pipe 1. A connecting block 12 is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the pipe 1. Along the extension direction of the pipe 1, the connecting block 12 is located in front of the filter element 21. An elastic element 13 is disposed between the connecting block 12 and the connecting frame 23 in the filter element 21. The two ends of the elastic element 13 are fixedly connected to the connecting block 12 and the connecting frame 23 of the filter element 21, respectively. In this embodiment, the elastic element 13 is set as a tension spring.

[0040] Reference Figures 2 to 7 The filter element 22 is slidably disposed inside the pipe 1, that is, the connecting frame 23 in the filter element 22 is adapted to the inner wall of the pipe 1. The connecting block 24 is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the pipe 1. Along the extension direction of the pipe 1, the connecting block 24 is located in front of the filter element 22. An elastic element 25 is disposed between the connecting block 24 and the connecting frame 23 in the filter element 22. The two ends of the elastic element 25 are fixedly connected to the connecting block 24 and the connecting frame 23 of the filter element 22, respectively. In this embodiment, the elastic element 25 is set as a tension spring.

[0041] Elastic element 13 and elastic element 25 provide force to filter element 121 and filter element 22 respectively, moving them away from filter element 34. When the filter screen 24 on filter element 121 or filter element 22 becomes clogged, the pressure in front of filter element 1 or filter element 2 in the pipe 1 increases, thereby increasing the force on filter element 121 or filter element 22. When the force on filter element 121 can overcome the elastic force of elastic element 13, or the force on filter element 22 can overcome the elastic force of elastic element 25, filter element 121 or filter element 22 will move in the pipe 1 along the extension direction of the pipe 1. The movement of filter element 121 or filter element 22 is used to determine whether the filter screen 24 in filter element 121 or filter element 22 is clogged, and at the same time, filter element 121 or filter element 22 is connected to the cleaning drive assembly 3.

[0042] Reference Figures 2 to 7The cleaning assembly 5 includes a sliding block 51, a connecting rod 52, and a cleaning component 521. A sliding groove 17 extending vertically is formed on the side wall inside the pipe 1. The sliding block 51 slides within the sliding groove 17. The connecting rod 52 is fixedly mounted on the sliding block 51, and the cleaning component 521 is fixedly mounted on the connecting rod 52. The cleaning component 521 faces the filter screen 24 in either filter element 1 21 or filter element 22, and the cleaning component 521 contacts the filter screen 24 of both filter element 1 21 and filter element 22. That is, the sliding block 51 can drive the connecting rod 52 and the cleaning component 521 to move vertically within the pipe 1. In this embodiment, two sets of cleaning assemblies 5 are provided, corresponding to filter element 1 21 and filter element 22 respectively. Both filter element 1 (21) and filter element 22 (22) have their connecting frames (23) inclined within the pipe 1, and the inclination directions of the connecting frames (23) are the same, i.e., the upper part of the connecting frame (23) is inclined towards the extension direction of the pipe 1. The inclination direction of the filter screen (24) is the same as that of the connecting frame (23). A sliding groove 211 is provided on the connecting frame (23) of filter element 1 (21), and a sliding groove 221 is provided on the connecting frame (23) of filter element 22 (222). Both sliding grooves (211) and (221) extend along the inclination direction of the connecting frame (23). Sliding connecting blocks (53) adapted to each sliding groove (211) and sliding groove (221) in both filter element 1 (21) and filter element 22 (222) are slidably disposed within them. Each sliding connecting block (53) has a through hole adapted to a connecting rod (52), and the connecting rod (52) passes through the through hole in the sliding connecting block (53).

[0043] When the filter screen 24 of filter element 1 21 or filter element 22 is clogged, as filter element 1 21 or filter element 22 moves along pipe 1, under the constraint of sliding groove 211 and sliding groove 3 221, that is, sliding block 51 drives connecting rod 52 to move up and down along sliding groove 1 17, and sliding connecting block 53 drives connecting rod 52 to slide along sliding groove 211 and sliding groove 3 221, so that when filter element 1 21 or filter element 22 moves, the corresponding cleaning component 5 moves up and down to clean the filter screen 24 in filter element 1 21 and filter element 22.

[0044] Reference Figures 2 to 7 The housing 413 of filter element 3 is divided into a cylindrical section and a rectangular section. The end closer to filter element 22 is the cylindrical section, and the rectangular section of housing 413 is adapted to pipe 1. The cross-sectional area of ​​the cylindrical section of housing 413 is smaller than that of the rectangular section.

[0045] A discharge port 43 is provided at the bottom of the side of the housing 413 near the barrier net 411; the sealing component 6 is sleeved on the cylindrical section of the housing 413, and the sealing component 6 is adapted to both the housing 413 and the pipe 1, that is, the sealing component 6 forms a seal between the cylindrical section of the housing 413 and the pipe 1. An elastic element 62 is provided between the sealing component 6 and the rectangular section of the housing 413. Several through holes are provided at the front end of the housing 413 corresponding to the position of the sealing component 6, so that the sealing component 6 can move relative to the cylindrical section of the housing 413. In this embodiment, the elastic element 62 is set as a compression spring.

[0046] Under normal operating conditions, the blocking component 6 is positioned at the end of the housing 413 near the barrier mesh 411 under the action of the elastic element 62. At this time, the blocking component 6 is located at the discharge port 43 of the housing 413, blocking the discharge port 43 so that the activated carbon inside the housing 413 cannot be discharged through the discharge port 43. After the activated carbon has been used for a certain period of time, the front end of the activated carbon that first comes into contact with the flue gas becomes saturated and fails, resulting in a reduction in the flow channel of the flue gas. At the same time, particles that are not intercepted by the filter elements 21 and 22 will accumulate on the surface of the activated carbon. The layer causes activated carbon blockage, affecting the flow of flue gas. At this time, the pressure inside pipe 1 increases, and the force on the sealing component 6 increases. When the force on the sealing component 6 can overcome the elastic force of the elastic element 62, the sealing component 6 will move towards the rectangular section of the shell 413, that is, the sealing component 6 moves out of the position of the discharge port 43. Under the action of gravity, the activated carbon in the shell 413 within the range of the discharge port 43 is discharged from the shell 413 through the discharge port 43, discharging the blocked activated carbon, ensuring that the flue gas passes smoothly through the activated carbon, and improving the treatment efficiency of the flue gas.

[0047] Reference Figures 5 to 7 The cleaning drive assembly 3 includes a second drive rod 31 and a motor 32 that drives the second drive rod 31 to rotate. The motor 32 is fixedly installed inside the pipe 1. The second drive rod 31 is rotatably installed inside the pipe 1 along the extension direction of the pipe 1. The output end of the motor 32 is connected to the second drive rod 31 through a transmission belt. The second drive rod 31 has multiple sets of bidirectional spiral grooves 311 and annular grooves 312. The bidirectional spiral grooves 311 are divided into forward spiral grooves and reverse spiral grooves. The bidirectional spiral grooves 311 are spirally distributed grooves on the second drive rod 31, and the forward spiral grooves and reverse spiral grooves rotate in opposite directions. The forward spiral grooves and reverse spiral grooves are connected at the end away from the annular groove 312. The front end of the bidirectional spiral groove 311 is connected to the annular groove 312, and the groove depth of the bidirectional spiral groove 311 is the same as the groove depth of the annular groove 312.

[0048] Reference Figures 5 to 7A through hole adapted to drive rod 31 is provided on the connecting frame 23, and drive rod 31 passes through the through hole of the connecting frame 23. There are protrusions on the inner wall of the connecting frame 23 adapted to the bidirectional spiral groove 311. That is, when the protrusions on the connecting frame 23 move into the bidirectional spiral groove 311, the protrusions on the connecting frame 23 slide in the bidirectional spiral groove 311. Filter element 1 21 and filter element 22 correspond to a set of bidirectional spiral grooves 311 and annular grooves 312, respectively. That is, when the protrusions on the connecting frame 23 in filter element 1 21 and filter element 22 slide in the bidirectional spiral groove 311, a spiral sliding fit is achieved between the connecting frame 23 in filter element 1 21 and filter element 22 and drive rod 31. Then, the rotation of drive rod 31 drives filter element 1 21 and filter element 22 to reciprocate in the pipe 1.

[0049] When the protrusion on the connecting frame 23 engages within the forward spiral groove of the bidirectional spiral groove 311, the drive rod 21 rotates relative to the connecting frame 23, causing the connecting frame 23 to move towards the filter element 34. When the protrusion on the connecting frame 23 moves to the limit position of the bidirectional spiral groove 311, since the forward spiral groove and the reverse spiral groove are connected, the protrusion on the connecting frame 23 will switch from the forward spiral groove to the reverse spiral groove. At this time, the protrusion of the connecting frame 23 engages with the reverse spiral groove of the bidirectional spiral groove 311, and the drive rod 21 rotates relative to the connecting frame 23, causing the connecting frame 23 to move away from the filter element 34 until the protrusion of the connecting frame 23 disengages from the bidirectional spiral groove 311 and enters the annular groove 312. At this time, the drive rod 21 rotates relative to the connecting frame 23, and the connecting frame 23 no longer moves.

[0050] When filter element 1 21 and filter element 22 are not blocked, under the action of elastic element 1 13 and elastic element 2 15, the protrusions of the connecting frame 23 in filter element 1 21 and filter element 22 are all in the corresponding annular groove 312 and far away from the bidirectional spiral groove 311. When the drive rod 2 31 rotates, filter element 1 21 and filter element 22 will not move along the pipe 1.

[0051] As the filter screen 24 in filter element 1 21 or filter element 22 gradually becomes clogged, the force on filter element 1 21 or filter element 22 increases accordingly. Filter element 1 21 or filter element 22 gradually moves towards filter element 3 4. At this time, the protrusion in the corresponding connecting frame 23 moves towards the bidirectional spiral groove 311. Since the drive rod 2 31 is always rotating, the protrusion on the connecting frame 23 can only smoothly enter the bidirectional spiral groove 311 when the protrusion on the connecting frame 23 is at the opening of the forward spiral groove in the bidirectional spiral groove 311. Conversely, when the protrusion on the connecting frame 23 is at the opening of the reverse spiral groove, the connecting frame 23 moves away from filter element 3 4 when the protrusion on the connecting frame 23 engages with the reverse spiral groove, so the protrusion on the connecting frame 23 will not enter the reverse spiral groove. With the cooperation of the protrusion on the connecting frame and the bidirectional spiral groove 311, the clogged filter element 1 21 or filter element 22 moves towards the filter element 3 4, thereby driving the cleaning component 5 to clean the filter screen 24 in filter element 1 21 or filter element 22. When the protrusion on the connecting frame 23 moves from the forward spiral groove of the bidirectional spiral groove 311 to the reverse spiral groove, the drive rod 2 31 will drive filter element 1 21 or filter element 22 to move away from filter element 3 4 until the protrusion on the connecting frame moves out of the bidirectional spiral groove 311. At this time, the filter screen 24 of filter element 1 21 or filter element 2 is clean. Under the action of elastic element 1 13 or elastic element 2 15, the protrusion in filter element 1 21 or filter element 22 moves away from the bidirectional spiral groove 311, so that the above action can be repeated when clogging occurs again.

[0052] Reference Figures 2 to 6 A transmission tube 61 is fixedly installed on the sealing assembly 6. The transmission tube 61 is located on the side close to the filter element 22 and is coaxially arranged with the drive rod 31. A set of bidirectional spiral grooves 311 and annular grooves 312 are correspondingly provided on the transmission tube 61. The transmission tube 61 is also provided with protrusions that are adapted to the bidirectional spiral grooves 311. Similarly, when the filter element 4 is not blocked, under the action of the elastic element 62, the protrusions of the transmission tube 61 are located in the corresponding annular grooves 312. When the filter element 4 is blocked, the sealing assembly 6 drives the internal protrusions to move into the corresponding bidirectional spiral grooves 311. Under the action of the drive rod 31, the sealing assembly 6 moves back and forth along the filter element 4 once, first opening the discharge port 43 to discharge the activated carbon blocked at the discharge port 43, and then closing the discharge port 43.

[0053] Reference Figure 2The collection component 7 includes an impurity collection box 71 and an activated carbon collection box 72. The impurity collection box 71 is located below the pipe 1, corresponding to the positions of filter element 21 and filter element 22. A discharge port 181 is provided below the pipe 1 at the position corresponding to the impurity collection box 71, allowing the inside of the pipe 1 to communicate with the impurity collection box 71 through the discharge port 181. Impurities cleaned off the filter screen 24 by the cleaning component 5 will fall into the impurity collection box 71 through the discharge port 181 for collection. The activated carbon collection box 72 is located below the pipe 1 at the position corresponding to the discharge port 43. A discharge port 282 is also provided below the pipe 1 at the position corresponding to the discharge port 43, penetrating the inner wall of the pipe 1, allowing the inside of the pipe 1 to communicate with the inside of the activated carbon collection box 72 through the discharge port 282. Activated carbon discharged from the shell 413 falls into the activated carbon collection box 72 through the discharge port 282 for collection, preventing the cleaned impurities from escaping into the pipe 1 and causing secondary pollution to the filter screen 24.

[0054] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The second barrier net 412 is slidably disposed inside the housing 413. A limit block 44 is disposed inside the rectangular section of the housing 413. A limit rod 48 is fixedly connected to one end of the second barrier net 412 near the limit block 44. A through hole adapted to the limit rod 48 is provided on the limit block 44. The limit rod 48 is slidably disposed in the through hole of the limit block 44. An elastic element 49 is disposed between the second barrier net 412 and the limit block 44. In this embodiment, the elastic element 49 is a compression spring. The side of the second barrier net 412 near the first barrier net 411 is set as an inclined surface so as to give the activated carbon an upward force when the second barrier net 412 pushes the activated carbon.

[0055] Reference Figures 2 to 4 The second barrier net 412 includes a first limiting plate 45, which is fixedly disposed on the side of the second barrier net 412 near the limiting block 44. A receiving groove 46 is provided in the rectangular section of the housing 413. A limiting member is slidably disposed in the receiving groove 46. The limiting member slides up and down in the receiving groove 46. When the limiting member moves downward and abuts against the first limiting plate 45, it restricts the sliding of the limiting plate in the housing 413, and further restricts the sliding of the second barrier net 412 in the housing 413.

[0056] Reference Figures 2 to 4The limiting components include a second limiting plate 81, a sixth elastic element 82, and a trigger rod 83. The second limiting plate 81 slides up and down within the receiving groove 46. The sixth elastic element 82 is disposed between the second limiting plate 81 and the third filter element 4. In this embodiment, the sixth elastic element 82 is a tension spring. The trigger rod 83 is fixedly disposed on the activated carbon cleaning element 521. Several limiting teeth are provided on both the second limiting plate 81 and the first limiting plate 45 so that when the second limiting plate 81 and the first limiting plate 45 abut, the second limiting plate 81 can more accurately restrict the movement of the first limiting plate 45. A clearance groove is provided on the rectangular section of filter element 3 4. The clearance groove is connected to the receiving groove 46 and extends into the cylindrical section of filter element 3 4. The trigger rod 83 is slidably disposed in the clearance groove. The side of the limiting plate 2 81 near the trigger rod 83 is set as an inclined surface so that when the sealing assembly 6 moves the trigger rod 83, the trigger rod 83 abuts against the inclined surface of the limiting plate 2 81, so as to drive the limiting plate 2 81 to move downward and abut against the limiting plate 1 45. This prevents the blocked activated carbon from being discharged from the discharge port 43. The blocking net 2 412 continuously squeezes the activated carbon under the action of the elastic element 5 49, making it difficult for the activated carbon to be discharged.

[0057] Reference Figure 4 The trigger rod 83 and the sealing component 6 can be flexibly set, that is, an elastic component is set between the trigger rod 83 and the activated carbon cleaning component 521 to prevent the limiting plate 2 81 from being unable to move towards the limiting plate 45 when the limiting teeth on the limiting plate 1 45 and the limiting plate 2 81 abut, which would cause the trigger rod 83 and the sealing component 6 to jam and prevent the activated carbon in the filter element 3 4 from being cleaned normally.

[0058] Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 A feeding assembly is provided on filter element 3 4. The feeding assembly includes a sealing block 91, a gear 92, a transmission rod 93, and a handwheel 94. A feed inlet 47 is provided above the filter element 3 4, and the feed inlet 47 is connected to the cavity inside the housing 413. A through hole adapted to the feed inlet 47 is provided on the pipe 1 at the position corresponding to the feed inlet 47. The sealing block 91 is adapted to the feed inlet 47 and is slidably installed at the feed inlet 47. A rack 481 is fixedly provided on the limiting rod 48. The gear 92 is rotatably provided inside the filter element 3 4 and meshes with the rack 481. The transmission rod 93 is fixedly provided on the gear 92. A clearance hole is provided through the housing 413, and the transmission rod 93 is rotatably provided in the clearance hole of the housing 413. A through hole adapted to the clearance hole of the housing 413 is also provided on the pipe 1. That is, the transmission rod 93 passes through the housing 413 and the pipe 1 and extends to the outside of the pipe 1. The handwheel 94 is fixedly provided on the side of the transmission rod 93 outside the pipe 1.

[0059] After the activated carbon in the shell 413 has been consumed for a certain period of time, the sealing block 91 is removed from the feed inlet 47. Then, by manually turning the handwheel 94, the handwheel 94 drives the gear component 92 to rotate through the transmission rod 93. Then, through the meshing of the gear component 92 and the rack 481, the drive rod 31 and the barrier net 412 are driven away from the barrier net 411, and new activated carbon is added into the shell 413 from the feed inlet 47. Then, the sealing block 91 is fixed back at the feed inlet 47.

[0060] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A smoke extraction pipe 16 is provided on the pipe 1, and the smoke extraction pipe 16 is connected to the cavity inside the pipe 1. The exhaust assembly includes an impeller 111 and a drive rod 112. The drive rod 112 is rotatably disposed inside the pipe 1, and one end of the drive rod 112 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 32. The impeller 111 is fixedly disposed at the end of the drive rod 112 away from the motor 32. The motor 32 drives the impeller 111 to rotate through the drive rod 112, drawing the smoke generated outside the pipe 1 into the inside of the pipe 1 from the smoke extraction port, and causing the smoke to move along the pipe 1.

[0061] A method for using a three-stage filtration system assembly in a ventilation system, wherein the aforementioned three-stage filtration system assembly is used.

[0062] The implementation principle of this invention is as follows: Smoke generated outside pipe 1 is drawn into pipe 1 through the exhaust assembly, and then undergoes three stages of filtration: filter element 1 (21), filter element 2 (22), and filter element 3 (4). After a certain period of operation, if the filter screen 24 in filter element 1 (21) or filter element 2 (22) becomes clogged, filter element 1 (21) or filter element 2 (22) automatically moves within pipe 1, connecting it to the cleaning drive assembly 3. This allows filter element 1 (21) or filter element 2 (22) to move within pipe 1 under the drive of the drive rod 2 (31). The reciprocating movement triggers the cleaning component 5 to clean the filter screen 24, while collecting the cleaned impurities in the impurity collection box 71. When the activated carbon in the filter element 4, which is the first to come into contact with the flue gas, becomes ineffective or clogged, the sealing component 6 automatically moves in the pipeline to connect with the cleaning drive component 3. The drive rod 31 drives the sealing component 6 to reciprocate on the housing 413, first opening the discharge port 43 below the housing 413 to discharge the ineffective or clogged activated carbon from the discharge port 43, and then closing the discharge port 43.

[0063] It automatically identifies and clears blockages without requiring the machine to be stopped and the pipe 1 to be disassembled for cleaning, thus improving work efficiency. At the same time, the three-stage filtration can effectively treat flue gas.

[0064] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-stage filtration system assembly, comprising horizontally extending pipes, characterized in that, The pipeline is equipped with a cleaning component, a sealing component, a cleaning drive component, and filter elements one, two, and three arranged in sequence. Filter element one and filter element two are used to filter particulate matter in flue gas, and filter element three uses activated carbon to treat gaseous pollutants in flue gas. The cleaning drive component, together with the cleaning component and the sealing component, cleans the blockages in filter element one, filter element two and filter element three. When filter element one, filter element two, or filter element three becomes clogged, filter element one, filter element two, or the sealing assembly automatically moves within the pipeline to connect with the cleaning drive assembly, thereby driving filter element one, filter element two, or the sealing assembly to reciprocate. Through the connection between filter element one or filter element two and the cleaning assembly, the cleaning assembly cleans filter element one or filter element two; and through the connection between the sealing assembly and filter element three, the clogged area of ​​filter element three is cleared. Filter element one and filter element two are slidably installed inside the pipe. Both filter element one and filter element two include a connecting frame and a filter screen. The connecting frame and filter screen are inclined inside the pipe, that is, the connecting frame is inclined in the direction of pipe extension. The connecting frame is provided with a sliding connecting block that slides along its inclined direction. The cleaning component slides up and down inside the pipe. The sliding connecting block is connected to the cleaning component so that the cleaning component moves up and down to clean the filter screen when the connecting frame moves. The sealing component is slidably installed on the housing. A discharge port is opened at the bottom front end of the housing. The sealing component is adapted to the housing and the inner wall of the pipe. When the sealing component moves above the housing, it opens and closes the discharge port. The cleaning drive assembly includes a second drive rod and a motor that drives the second drive rod to rotate. The second drive rod has three sets of bidirectional spiral grooves and annular grooves, which are respectively set to correspond to the first filter element, the second filter element, and the sealing assembly. The bidirectional spiral groove is a continuous groove formed by two spirally distributed grooves with different rotation directions. The front end of each set of bidirectional spiral grooves is connected to the annular groove. The first filter element, the second filter element, and the sealing assembly all include protrusions that are adapted to the bidirectional spiral grooves. When the protrusions in the first filter element, the second filter element, and the sealing assembly move into the bidirectional spiral grooves, the second drive rod drives the first filter element, the second filter element, or the sealing assembly to perform one reciprocating movement. Elastic element 1 is installed between filter element 1 and the pipe, elastic element 2 is installed between filter element 2 and the pipe, and elastic element 3 is installed between activated carbon cleaning component and filter element 3. Elastic element 1, elastic element 2 and elastic element 3 respectively cause filter element 1, filter element 2 and sealing component to move in the direction of annular groove.

2. The three-stage filtration system assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter screen aperture in filter element one is larger than that in filter element two. Filter element three includes barrier screen one, barrier screen two and a housing. The housing is fixedly installed inside the pipe. Barrier screen one and barrier screen two are installed in the cavity opened in the housing. Activated carbon is placed between barrier screen one and barrier screen two.

3. The three-stage filtration system assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning component includes a sliding block and a connecting rod that move up and down inside the pipe. The connecting rod is fixedly mounted on the sliding block, and the cleaning component is fixedly mounted on the connecting rod. The sliding connecting block is connected to the connecting rod.

4. The three-stage filtration system assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first barrier net is set at the front end of the shell, a second barrier net is slidably set in the third filter element, a limiting block is fixedly set inside the third filter element, activated carbon is set between the first barrier net and the second barrier net, and an elastic element five is set between the second barrier net and the limiting block so that the second barrier net pushes the activated carbon toward the first barrier net.

5. A three-stage filtration system assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, A limiting component is provided inside the housing. The limiting component includes a limiting plate 2 that moves up and down inside the housing, a trigger rod that is fixedly connected to the activated carbon cleaning component, and an elastic component 6. The elastic component 6 is located between the limiting plate 2 and the housing. An inclined surface that cooperates with the trigger rod is provided in front of the limiting plate 2 so that when the sealing component moves relative to the housing, it drives the trigger rod to move synchronously. The trigger rod presses against the inclined surface of the limiting plate 2, causing the limiting plate 2 to move downward and abut against the barrier net 2 to limit the position of the barrier net 2 in the housing.

6. The three-stage filtration system assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, The housing is equipped with a feeding assembly, which includes a gear, a transmission rod, and a sealing block. The transmission rod is rotatably mounted inside the filter element three, with one end extending outside the pipe. The gear is fixedly mounted on the side of the transmission rod inside the housing. A limit rod is fixedly mounted on the barrier net two, and a rack is mounted on the limit rod to mesh with the gear. The filter element three has an inlet adapted to the sealing block. By rotating the transmission rod, the meshing of the gear and the rack controls the barrier net two to move away from the barrier net one, and then the sealing block is removed, and new activated carbon is added through the inlet.

7. A method of using a three-stage filtration system assembly in a ventilation system, characterized in that, The three-stage filtration system assembly as described in any one of claims 1-6 was used.

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