A liquid treatment and methods of synthesizing and using the same

Abstract

The application discloses a liquid treatment agent and a synthesis method and a use method thereof. The liquid treatment agent has the following components: silicate, hydrochloric acid, organic amine, stabilizer, silane coupling agent, polyaluminum chloride and hydroxamic acid, and the liquid treatment agent is obtained by mixing the components. The mass ratio of the silicate, the hydrochloric acid and the organic amine is 1.5-5:2.8-6:1; the mass ratio of the stabilizer and the silane coupling agent is 1:1.5-2.5, and the addition amount of the stabilizer is 2%-7% of the total mass of the silicate and the hydrochloric acid; the mass ratio of the polyaluminum chloride and the hydroxamic acid is 1:0.5-1.5, and the addition amount of the polyaluminum chloride is 2%-5% of the total mass of the silicate and the hydrochloric acid. The application can improve the strength and durability of a roadbed, improve the heavy metal solidification rate of the roadbed, reduce the risk of heavy metal leaching, modify the hydrophobicity of the roadbed material to improve the anti-permeability, and the roadbed material treated by the liquid treatment agent has high compressive strength and improved roadbed bearing capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of roadbed material treatment technology, and in particular to a liquid treatment agent, as well as a method for synthesizing the liquid treatment agent and a method for using the liquid treatment agent. Background Technology

[0002] In subgrade applications, liquid treatment agents primarily improve the physical and mechanical properties of materials, making them more suitable for use as subgrade materials. These agents contain substances that can chemically react with components in the subgrade material to promote curing, thereby increasing its strength and water stability. By modifying subgrade materials with liquid treatment agents, the material is transformed from "hydrophilic" to "hydrophobic," resulting in a material with higher compressive strength and better water stability. This better meets the quality standards for subgrade construction, ensuring the load-bearing capacity and stability of the subgrade and satisfying the requirements of subgrade engineering.

[0003] Currently common liquid treatment agents are mainly composed of gel materials, which are used to bond roadbed materials (such as red mud). However, liquid treatment agents with gel materials as the main component are not effective in solidifying heavy metal ions in roadbed materials, posing a risk of heavy metal leaching. Furthermore, they cannot ensure uniform dispersion of the reaction system, reducing the consistency of the overall performance of the roadbed structure and affecting its strength and durability. As a result, the roadbed made from materials treated with liquid treatment agents has poor overall performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a liquid treatment agent and its synthesis and application methods.

[0005] A liquid treatment agent comprising the following components: silicate, hydrochloric acid, organic amine, stabilizer, silane coupling agent, polyaluminum chloride and hydroxamic acid, mixed to obtain the liquid treatment agent.

[0006] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the mass ratio of silicate, hydrochloric acid, and organic amine is 1.5–5:2.8–6:1. This invention introduces hydrochloric acid to neutralize the alkalinity of the roadbed material. On the one hand, reducing alkalinity reduces the reaction between roadbed materials (such as Na₂O and K₂O in cement) and active components in the roadbed aggregate, thereby avoiding roadbed expansion and cracking caused by the reaction, and achieving the goal of improving roadbed strength and durability. On the other hand, by reducing alkalinity, it promotes the formation of stable, insoluble, and low-migration hydroxide or carbonate precipitates of heavy metal ions in the material, thereby increasing the heavy metal solidification rate of the roadbed and reducing the risk of heavy metal leaching. This invention introduces organic amine to enhance CO₂ absorption, thereby neutralizing the alkalinity of the roadbed material. Furthermore, the amino groups in the organic amine molecules contain lone pairs of electrons, which can form coordinate bonds with metal ions, promoting the stable fixation of heavy metals in the roadbed and further reducing the risk of heavy metal leaching.

[0007] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the silicate includes polysilicic acid, etc. This invention introduces silicates, which, on the one hand, undergo a polymerization reaction with the roadbed material to form a stable product; on the other hand, the silicate components penetrate into the interior of the material to form a dense gel layer, blocking water vapor penetration and enhancing structural continuity, thereby improving the material's adhesion and wind erosion resistance, and reducing the risk of roadbed settlement and collapse.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the mass ratio of the stabilizer to the silane coupling agent is 1:1.5 to 2.5, and the amount of stabilizer added is equivalent to 2% to 7% of the total mass of silicate and hydrochloric acid. This invention introduces a silane coupling agent to treat the surface of roadbed materials to enhance the hydrophobicity of the roadbed and improve its anti-settlement and deformation performance. On one hand, the silane coupling agent molecule contains a siloxane group at one end, which is an inorganic-loving end. It can undergo a condensation reaction with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of roadbed materials such as red mud, stone, and asphalt to form a strong Si-OM covalent bond, thus forming a hydrophobic group. This hydrophobic group is anchored on the material surface, thereby significantly improving the stability of the hydrophobic layer and preventing water penetration. On the other hand, the silane coupling agent molecule contains a long-chain alkyl or fluorocarbon group at the other end, which is a hydrophobic end. The oriented arrangement of these groups can reduce the surface energy of the material, causing water droplets to roll in beads on the roadbed rather than wetting it. This effectively prevents rainwater from penetrating into the roadbed and improves its durability.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the stabilizer includes xanthan gum and / or polysorbate. This invention introduces a stabilizer, which on the one hand prevents the settling of solid particles in the subgrade material and improves the uniformity of the subgrade slurry; on the other hand, the stabilizer forms a three-dimensional network structure in the subgrade material, effectively improving the cohesiveness and water retention of the subgrade material, reducing bleeding, and thus improving the workability and mechanical properties of the subgrade.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the mass ratio of polyaluminum chloride to hydroxamic acid is 1:0.5 to 1.5, and the amount of polyaluminum chloride added is equivalent to 2% to 5% of the total mass of silicate and hydrochloric acid. This invention adds polyaluminum chloride to solidify roadbed materials (such as red mud), thereby improving the roadbed bearing capacity. The purpose of adding hydroxamic acid is to utilize the functional groups of hydroxamic acid to chelate iron ions on the surface of mineral particles in the roadbed material, accelerating their sedimentation, causing fine soil particles to aggregate into larger structures, thereby enhancing the compressive strength of the roadbed.

[0011] A method for synthesizing a liquid treatment agent, comprising the following steps:

[0012] (1) Add aluminum salt to water, dissolve it and mix it with silicate, and adjust the pH of the solution to 6-8. After centrifugation, washing and drying of the obtained polymer solution, polyaluminum silicate is obtained.

[0013] (2) After dissolving hydrochloric acid, organic amine and polyaluminum silicate from step (1) in water, the mixture is treated under ultrasonic conditions to obtain a mixed suspension.

[0014] (3) Add stabilizer and silane coupling agent to the mixed suspension in step (2) and stir and mix at room temperature for 20 to 40 minutes;

[0015] (4) Add polyaluminum chloride and hydroxamic acid to the mixture in step (3) and stir and mix at room temperature for 20-40 minutes to obtain a liquid treatment agent.

[0016] As a further improvement to the above scheme, in step (1), the mass ratio of the silicate to the aluminum salt is 1:1 to 1.5. This invention introduces the reaction of aluminum salt and polysilicic acid to generate aluminum polysilicate, thereby promoting the dissolution of silicate in water.

[0017] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the dissolved product is mixed with silicate in a reaction vessel, and the reaction is carried out at a temperature of 60–80°C for 6–10 hours. In this invention, the polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 60–80°C, resulting in the fastest reaction rate.

[0018] As a further improvement to the above scheme, a 10% sodium hydroxide solution is used to adjust the pH to 6-8. In this invention, the reactivity is highest at a pH of 6-8, at which point the electrostatic attraction between aluminum ions and silicate ions in the reaction system is enhanced, promoting the polymerization reaction.

[0019] As a further improvement to the above scheme, in step (2), the amount of water used is equivalent to 1.5 to 3 times the total mass of hydrochloric acid and polysilicic acid.

[0020] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the power of the ultrasound is 100-200W; the mixing time is 30-40 minutes. The purpose of ultrasonic mixing in this invention is to promote component dissolution and improve homogenization.

[0021] A method for using a liquid treatment agent includes the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Add the liquid treatment agent to the subgrade material and mechanically stir until the mixture is uniform. The amount of liquid treatment agent added should be 8% to 15% of the subgrade material.

[0023] Step 2: The materials mixed in Step 1 are piled up for 24 hours to allow them to steep.

[0024] Step 3: The material obtained in Step 2 is injected into the roadbed mold, vibrated and compacted until the compaction degree is ≥95%, and after hardening and curing, it is demolded to obtain the roadbed.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] The liquid treatment agent of this invention introduces hydrochloric acid and organic amines to synergistically neutralize the alkalinity of roadbed materials, thereby improving the strength and durability of the roadbed, increasing the heavy metal solidification rate, reducing the risk of heavy metal leaching, and enabling hydrophobic modification of the roadbed materials to enhance their impermeability. Roadbed materials treated with the liquid treatment agent of this invention result in roadbeds with higher compressive strength and improved bearing capacity.

[0027] The synthesis method of this invention introduces the reaction of aluminum salt and polysilicic acid to generate aluminum polysilicate, thereby promoting the dissolution of silicates in water. In addition, aluminum salt can react with the hydration products of roadbed materials (such as cement hydration products) to generate water-insoluble colloidal substances (such as aluminum hydroxide), which enhances the compactness and hydrophobicity of the roadbed, effectively preventing water penetration. Furthermore, the colloidal substances fill the capillary pores and form expansive complex salt crystals, further enhancing the stability of the roadbed structure and reducing the risk of deformation caused by temperature changes or loads. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. It should be understood that the following description is merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0029] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] This embodiment provides a liquid treatment agent comprising the following components: polysilicic acid, aluminum salt, hydrochloric acid, organic amine, xanthan gum, silane coupling agent, polyaluminum chloride, and hydroxamic acid.

[0032] The mass ratio of polysilicic acid, hydrochloric acid and organic amine is 1.5:2.8:1.

[0033] In this embodiment, the liquid treatment agent incorporates polysilicic acid. On one hand, it polymerizes with the subgrade material to form a stable product. On the other hand, the polysilicic acid penetrates the material to form a dense gel layer, blocking water vapor penetration and enhancing structural continuity. This improves the material's adhesion and wind erosion resistance, reducing the risk of subgrade settlement and collapse. Hydrochloric acid is introduced to neutralize the alkalinity of the subgrade material. Firstly, reducing alkalinity decreases the reaction between subgrade materials (such as Na₂O and K₂O in cement) and active components in the subgrade aggregate, thus preventing subgrade expansion and cracking caused by the reaction, thereby improving subgrade strength and durability. Secondly, by reducing alkalinity, it promotes the formation of stable, insoluble, and low-migration hydroxide or carbonate precipitates of heavy metal ions in the material, thereby increasing the heavy metal solidification rate of the subgrade and reducing the risk of heavy metal leaching. Organic amines are introduced to enhance CO2 absorption, thereby neutralizing the alkalinity of the roadbed material. In addition, the amino groups in the organic amine molecules contain lone pairs of electrons, which can form coordinate bonds with metal ions, promoting the stable fixation of heavy metals in the roadbed and further reducing the risk of heavy metal leaching.

[0034] The mass ratio of xanthan gum to silane coupling agent is 1:1.5, and the amount of xanthan gum added is equivalent to 2% of the total mass of polysilicic acid and hydrochloric acid. In this embodiment, the liquid treatment agent introduces xanthan gum to prevent the settling of solid particles in the subgrade material, improving the uniformity of the subgrade slurry. Furthermore, xanthan gum forms a three-dimensional network structure in the subgrade material, effectively improving its cohesiveness and water retention, reducing bleeding, and thus improving the workability and mechanical properties of the subgrade. The introduction of silane coupling agent for surface treatment of the subgrade material enhances its hydrophobicity and improves its anti-settlement and deformation performance. On one hand, the siloxane group at one end of the silane coupling agent molecule, being an inorganic-loving end, can undergo a condensation reaction with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of subgrade materials such as red mud, stone, and asphalt to form a strong Si-OM covalent bond, thus forming a hydrophobic group. This hydrophobic group is anchored on the material surface, significantly improving the stability of the hydrophobic layer and preventing water penetration. On the other hand, the other end of the silane coupling agent molecule contains long-chain alkyl or fluorocarbon groups, which are hydrophobic. After these groups are oriented, they can reduce the surface energy of the material, causing water droplets to roll in beads on the roadbed instead of wetting it. This can effectively prevent rainwater from penetrating into the roadbed and improve the roadbed's durability.

[0035] The mass ratio of polyaluminum chloride to hydroxamic acid is 1:0.5, and the amount of polyaluminum chloride added is equivalent to 2% of the total mass of polysilicic acid and hydrochloric acid. In this embodiment, the liquid treatment agent uses polyaluminum chloride to solidify subgrade materials (such as red mud), thereby improving the subgrade bearing capacity. The purpose of adding hydroxamic acid is to utilize its functional groups to chelate iron ions on the surface of mineral particles in the subgrade material, accelerating their sedimentation and causing fine soil particles to aggregate into larger structures, thus enhancing the compressive strength of the subgrade.

[0036] The liquid treatment agent of this embodiment is synthesized by the following steps:

[0037] (1) 15g of aluminum salt was added to water, dissolved, and then mixed with 15g of polysilicic acid. The pH of the solution was adjusted to 6. The resulting polymerization solution was centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain aluminum polysilicate. After dissolution, it was mixed with polysilicic acid in a reactor. A 10% sodium hydroxide solution was used to adjust the pH. The reaction temperature was 60℃, and the reaction time was 6h. In this embodiment, aluminum salt and polysilicic acid were introduced to react and generate aluminum polysilicate, thereby promoting the dissolution of polysilicic acid in water. In addition, aluminum salt can react with the hydration products of roadbed materials (such as cement hydration products) to generate water-insoluble colloidal substances (such as aluminum hydroxide), which enhances the compactness and hydrophobicity of the roadbed, effectively preventing water penetration. Furthermore, the colloidal substances fill the capillary pores and form expansive complex salt crystals, further enhancing the stability of the roadbed structure and reducing the risk of deformation caused by temperature changes or loads.

[0038] (2) Dissolve 28g hydrochloric acid, 10g organic amine and polyaluminum silicate from step (1) in 80ml of water, and then mix them under ultrasonic conditions to obtain a mixed suspension. The ultrasonic power is 100W and the mixing time is 30min. The purpose of ultrasonic mixing is to promote the dissolution of components and improve the homogenization effect.

[0039] (3) Add 0.86g xanthan gum and 1.29g silane coupling agent to the mixed suspension in step (2), and stir and mix at room temperature for 20 minutes. The silane coupling agent promotes the dispersion of components in the solution, avoids sedimentation, and thus improves the homogenization effect.

[0040] (4) Add 0.86g of polyaluminum chloride and 0.43g of hydroxamic acid to the mixture in step (3), stir and mix at room temperature for 20 minutes to obtain liquid treatment agent No. 1.

[0041] The liquid treatment agent in this embodiment is used as follows:

[0042] Step 1: Add the liquid treatment agent to the subgrade material and mechanically stir until the mixture is uniform. The amount of liquid treatment agent added should be 8% of the subgrade material.

[0043] Step 2: The materials mixed in Step 1 are piled up for 24 hours to allow for curing. The purpose of curing is to promote the full reaction between the liquid treatment agent and the roadbed material.

[0044] Step 3: The material obtained in Step 2 is injected into the roadbed mold, vibrated and compacted until the compaction degree is ≥95%, and after hardening and curing, it is demolded to obtain the roadbed.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] This embodiment provides a liquid treatment agent comprising the following components: polysilicic acid, aluminum salt, hydrochloric acid, organic amine, xanthan gum, silane coupling agent, polyaluminum chloride, and hydroxamic acid. The mass ratio of polysilicic acid, hydrochloric acid, and organic amine is 3:5:1; the mass ratio of xanthan gum to silane coupling agent is 1:2; and the amount of xanthan gum added is equivalent to 5% of the total mass of polysilicic acid and hydrochloric acid. The mass ratio of polyaluminum chloride to hydroxamic acid is 1:1.2; and the amount of polyaluminum chloride added is equivalent to 2% of the total mass of polysilicic acid and hydrochloric acid.

[0047] The liquid treatment agent of this embodiment is synthesized by the following steps:

[0048] (1) Add 39g of aluminum salt to water, dissolve it and mix it with 30g of polysilicic acid, and adjust the pH of the solution to 7. After centrifugation, washing and drying of the obtained polymerization solution, polyaluminum silicate is obtained. After dissolving it, it is mixed with polysilicic acid in a reaction vessel. A 10% sodium hydroxide solution is used to adjust the pH. The reaction temperature is 70℃ and the reaction time is 8h.

[0049] (2) Dissolve 50g hydrochloric acid, 10g organic amine and polyaluminum silicate from step (1) in 160ml of water, and then mix them under ultrasonic conditions to obtain a mixed suspension. The ultrasonic power is 150W and the mixing time is 35min.

[0050] (3) Add 4g xanthan gum and 8g silane coupling agent to the mixed suspension in step (2) and stir for 30 minutes at room temperature.

[0051] (4) Add 1.6g of polyaluminum chloride and 3.2g of hydroxamic acid to the mixture in step (3), stir and mix at room temperature for 30 minutes to obtain liquid treatment agent No. 2.

[0052] The liquid treatment agent in this embodiment is used as follows:

[0053] Step 1: Add the liquid treatment agent to the subgrade material and mechanically stir until the mixture is uniform. The amount of liquid treatment agent added should be 14% of the subgrade material.

[0054] Step 2: The materials mixed in Step 1 are piled up for 24 hours to allow them to steep.

[0055] Step 3: The material obtained in Step 2 is injected into the roadbed mold, vibrated and compacted until the compaction degree is ≥95%, and after hardening and curing, it is demolded to obtain the roadbed.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] This embodiment provides a liquid treatment agent comprising the following components: polysilicic acid, aluminum salt, hydrochloric acid, organic amine, polysorbate, silane coupling agent, polyaluminum chloride, and hydroxamic acid. The mass ratio of polysilicic acid, hydrochloric acid, and organic amine is 5:6:1. The mass ratio of polysorbate to silane coupling agent is 1:2.5, and the amount of polysorbate added is equivalent to 7% of the total mass of polysilicic acid and hydrochloric acid. The mass ratio of polyaluminum chloride to hydroxamic acid is 1:1.5, and the amount of polyaluminum chloride added is equivalent to 3% of the total mass of polysilicic acid and hydrochloric acid.

[0058] In this embodiment, the liquid treatment agent introduces polysorbate, which on the one hand prevents the sedimentation of solid particles in the subgrade material and improves the uniformity of the subgrade slurry; on the other hand, polysorbate forms a three-dimensional network structure in the subgrade material, which effectively improves the cohesiveness and water retention of the subgrade material, reduces bleeding, and thus improves the workability and mechanical properties of the subgrade.

[0059] The liquid treatment agent of this embodiment is synthesized by the following steps:

[0060] (1) Add 75g of aluminum salt to water, dissolve it and mix it with 50g of polysilicic acid, and adjust the pH of the solution to 8. After centrifugation, washing and drying of the obtained polymer solution, polyaluminum silicate is obtained. After dissolving it, it is mixed with polysilicic acid in a reaction vessel. A 10% sodium hydroxide solution is used to adjust the pH. The reaction temperature is 80℃ and the reaction time is 10h.

[0061] (2) Dissolve 60g hydrochloric acid, 10g organic amine and polyaluminum silicate from step (1) in 330ml of water, and then mix them under ultrasonic conditions to obtain a mixed suspension. The ultrasonic power is 200W and the mixing time is 40min.

[0062] (3) Add 7.7g of polysorbate and 19.25g of silane coupling agent to the mixed suspension in step (2), and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0063] (4) Add 3.3g of polyaluminum chloride and 4.95g of hydroxamic acid to the mixture in step (3), stir and mix at room temperature for 40 minutes to obtain liquid treatment agent No. 3.

[0064] The liquid treatment agent in this embodiment is used as follows:

[0065] Step 1: Add the liquid treatment agent to the subgrade material and mechanically stir until the mixture is uniform. The amount of liquid treatment agent added should be 15% of the subgrade material.

[0066] Step 2: The materials mixed in Step 1 are piled up for 24 hours to allow them to steep.

[0067] Step 3: The material obtained in Step 2 is injected into the roadbed mold, vibrated and compacted until the compaction degree is ≥95%, and after hardening and curing, it is demolded to obtain the roadbed.

[0068] Example 4

[0069] This embodiment provides a liquid treatment agent comprising the following components: polysilicic acid, aluminum salt, hydrochloric acid, organic amine, polysorbate, silane coupling agent, polyaluminum chloride, and hydroxamic acid. The mass ratio of polysilicic acid, hydrochloric acid, and organic amine is 4:6:1; the mass ratio of polysorbate to silane coupling agent is 1:2.2; and the amount of polysorbate added is equivalent to 4% of the total mass of polysilicic acid and hydrochloric acid. The mass ratio of polyaluminum chloride to hydroxamic acid is 1:1.3; and the amount of polyaluminum chloride added is equivalent to 5% of the total mass of polysilicic acid and hydrochloric acid.

[0070] The liquid treatment agent of this embodiment is synthesized by the following steps:

[0071] (1) Add 48g of aluminum salt to water, dissolve it, and then mix it with 40g of polysilicic acid. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0072] (2) Dissolve 60g hydrochloric acid, 10g organic amine and polyaluminum silicate from step (1) in 200ml of water, and the rest is the same as in Example 2.

[0073] (3) Add 4g of polysorbate and 8.8g of silane coupling agent to the mixed suspension in step (2) and stir and mix at room temperature for 40min.

[0074] (4) Add 5g of polyaluminum chloride and 6.5g of hydroxamic acid to the mixture in step (3), and the rest is the same as in Example 3, to obtain liquid treatment agent #4.

[0075] The liquid treatment agent in this embodiment is used in the same way as in Example 3.

[0076] Comparative Example 1

[0077] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that no organic amine is added in step (2), and step (4) ultimately yields liquid treatment agent #5. The rest is the same as in Example 2.

[0078] Comparative Example 2

[0079] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that no silane coupling agent is added in step (3), and step (4) ultimately yields liquid treatment agent #6. The rest is the same as in Example 2.

[0080] Comparative Example 3

[0081] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that step (4) is omitted, and step (3) yields liquid treatment agent #7. Everything else is the same as in Example 2.

[0082] Comparative Example 4

[0083] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that step (1) is omitted, and polysilicic acid is directly added to step (2). Step (4) ultimately yields liquid treatment agent #8. The rest is the same as in Example 2.

[0084] The roadbed materials (labeled 1# to 8#) treated with the liquid treatment agents obtained in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-4 of this invention were evaluated for water resistance by testing the heavy metal leaching rate of the leachate according to GB 5085.3, conducting a seven-day compressive strength test according to GB / T 50107-2010, and testing the permeability coefficient according to T / UCST 005-2019. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0085] Table 1. Performance Comparison of Liquid Treatment Agents 1# to 8# Obtained in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-4 of the Present Invention

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] Analysis of Table 1 shows that, compared with Comparative Examples 1-4, the heavy metal leaching rate of Comparative Example 1 is higher than that of Example 2, indicating that the heavy metal curing effect of the material in Comparative Example 1 is slightly worse than that in Example 2. This reflects the positive synergistic effect of the introduction of organic amines in improving the heavy metal curing rate of the roadbed and reducing the risk of heavy metal leaching. The permeability coefficient of Comparative Example 2 is significantly higher than that of Example 2, indicating that the water resistance and reverse osmosis effect of the material in Comparative Example 2 are worse than those in Example 2. This proves that the introduction of silane coupling agent can significantly improve the anti-permeability performance of the material. The 7-day compressive strength of Comparative Example 3 is significantly lower than that of Example 2, indicating that the compressive strength of the material in Comparative Example 3 is worse than that in Example 2. This proves that the introduction of polyaluminum chloride and hydroxamic acid can significantly improve the compressive strength of the roadbed material. Comparative Example 4 was inferior to Example 2 in terms of heavy metal curing rate, permeability coefficient, and 7-day compressive strength. The reason for this difference is that the polysilicic acid in the treatment agent of Comparative Example 4 participated less in the reaction system than in Example 2, resulting in the polysilicic acid component not being able to fully penetrate and form a stable product with the material. This ultimately affected the overall performance of the roadbed material. This proves that the addition of aluminum salt promotes the dissolution and dispersion of polysilicic acid to better participate in the reaction, and has a positive synergistic effect on improving the overall performance of the roadbed material.

[0089] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. Any simple modifications, alterations, and substitutions made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid treatment agent, characterized in that, The liquid treatment agent comprises the following components: polysilicic acid, aluminum salt, hydrochloric acid, organic amine, stabilizer, silane coupling agent, polyaluminum chloride, and hydroxamic acid, mixed to obtain the liquid treatment agent; the synthesis method of the liquid treatment agent specifically includes the following steps: (1) Add aluminum salt to water, dissolve it and mix it with polysilicic acid, and adjust the pH of the solution to 6-8. After centrifugation, washing and drying of the obtained polymer solution, polyaluminum silicate is obtained. (2) After dissolving hydrochloric acid, organic amine and polyaluminum silicate from step (1) in water, the mixture is treated under ultrasonic conditions to obtain a mixed suspension; (3) Add stabilizer and silane coupling agent to the mixed suspension in step (2) and stir and mix at room temperature for 20-40 min; (4) Add polyaluminum chloride and hydroxamic acid to the mixture in step (3) and stir and mix at room temperature for 20-40 minutes to obtain liquid treatment agent.

2. The liquid treatment agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the polysilicic acid, hydrochloric acid, and organic amine is 1.5~5:2.8~6:

1.

3. The liquid treatment agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the stabilizer to the silane coupling agent is 1:1.5~2.5, and the amount of stabilizer added is equivalent to 2%~7% of the total mass of polysilicic acid and hydrochloric acid.

4. The liquid treatment agent according to claim 3, characterized in that, The stabilizers include xanthan gum and / or polysorbate.

5. The liquid treatment agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of polyaluminum chloride to hydroxamic acid is 1:0.5~1.5, and the amount of polyaluminum chloride added is equivalent to 2%~5% of the total mass of polysilicic acid and hydrochloric acid.

6. The method for synthesizing the liquid treatment agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the mass ratio of polysilicic acid to aluminum salt is 1:1~1.

5. After dissolution, the polysilicic acid and aluminum salt are mixed in a reaction vessel. The reaction temperature is 60~80℃ and the reaction time is 6~10h.

7. The method for synthesizing the liquid treatment agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, Use a 10% sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH to 6-8.

8. The method for synthesizing the liquid treatment agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the amount of water used is equivalent to 1.5 to 3 times the total mass of hydrochloric acid and polysilicic acid; the power of the ultrasound is 100 to 200W; and the mixing time is 30 to 40 minutes.

9. A method of using the liquid treatment agent as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Add the liquid treatment agent to the subgrade material and mechanically stir until uniform. The amount of liquid treatment agent added should be 8% to 15% of the subgrade material. Step 2: The materials mixed in Step 1 are piled up for 24 hours to allow them to steep. Step 3: The material obtained in Step 2 is injected into the roadbed mold, vibrated and compacted until the compaction degree is ≥95%, and after hardening and curing, it is demolded to obtain the roadbed.

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