Multi-layer composite ecological mold bag sand cofferdam and intelligent layered construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of river channel cofferdams, in particular to a multi-layer composite ecological mold bag sand cofferdam and an intelligent layered construction method thereof, and the multi-layer composite ecological mold bag sand cofferdam comprises a cofferdam foundation, a plurality of composite mold bag sand units, an ecological restoration module and an anchoring system; the composite mold bag sand unit is laid on the cofferdam foundation, and the ecological restoration module is arranged on the outer surface of the composite mold bag sand unit and communicates with the composite mold bag sand unit through a water guide pipe. The composite mold bag sand unit comprises a film bag, and the film bag is sequentially provided with a first structural layer, a second structural layer, a third structural layer and a fourth structural layer from outside to inside. The ecological mold bag sand cofferdam and the ecological restoration module are combined, an internal drainage-external irrigation integrated system is formed, and the functions of water and soil conservation and landscape restoration are considered. And the film bag comprises a four-layer composite structure, and through the synergistic effect of the impermeable layer, the reinforced layer, the water guide layer and the ecological layer, the impermeability and the overall stability of the cofferdam are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of river cofferdams, specifically to a multi-layer composite ecological geotextile sand cofferdam and its intelligent layered construction method. Background Technology

[0002] When constructing hydraulic structures in rivers, the river water is often intercepted or partially intercepted to create dry conditions for construction. The structure that intercepts the river is called a "cofferdam". The materials that make up a cofferdam usually include clay, sand, boulders, concrete, steel, etc. However, when sand is used as the material for a cofferdam, it is usually filled with woven bags or geotextile bags and then piled up due to its low viscosity and easy looseness. Currently, the newer material is geotextile tube bags.

[0003] Geotextile bags are composed of geotextile mesh bonded to both sides with permeable geotextile fabric. The geotextile mesh is a new type of filter material made from polymers such as polypropylene or polyethylene. During on-site construction, this material is easily punctured by stones or other sharp materials mixed in with the sand, leading to sand leakage and ultimately causing the cofferdam to collapse. Furthermore, this material is not recyclable, difficult to recycle, and not easily degradable; if discarded into waterways after construction, it causes environmental pollution. The filling process of geotextile bags is often controlled manually based on experience, resulting in low precision and difficulty in guaranteeing quality.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a multi-layered composite ecological geotextile sand cofferdam and its intelligent layered construction method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To avoid the aforementioned problems in existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-layer composite ecological geotextile sand cofferdam and its intelligent layered construction method.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-layer composite ecological geotextile sand cofferdam, comprising a cofferdam foundation, several composite geotextile sand units, an ecological restoration module, and an anchoring system;

[0007] The composite geotextile sand unit is laid on the foundation of the cofferdam, and the ecological restoration module is set on the outer surface of the composite geotextile sand unit;

[0008] The anchoring system includes a cable-stayed support frame and anchor bolts; the anchor bolts are located at the bottom of the composite geotextile sand unit, and the composite geotextile sand unit is connected to the cofferdam foundation through the anchor bolts; the cable-stayed support frame is located on the outside of the cofferdam foundation and is connected to the composite geotextile sand unit through prestressed steel strands.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that the anchoring nail is a barbed anchoring nail, the head of the anchoring nail is provided with a rotating vane and a hydraulic cylinder, the rotating vane is connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the rotating vane unfolds into a barbed shape as the hydraulic cylinder extends.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that the composite geotextile sand unit includes a membrane bag, the membrane bag comprising, from the outside to the inside, a first structural layer, a second structural layer, a third structural layer and a fourth structural layer; the first structural layer is a high-strength polyester fiber impermeable geotextile, the second structural layer is a three-dimensional reinforced mesh, the third structural layer is a water-permeable non-woven fabric, and the fourth structural layer is a biodegradable hemp fiber woven bag; the interior of the fourth structural layer is used to fill sand.

[0011] The invention is further configured such that: the first structural layer is coated with a nano-silica modified polyurethane coating; the second structural layer is composed of polyester filaments and basalt fibers interwoven into a honeycomb mesh with a mesh aperture of 10cm*10cm, which is used to improve shear resistance; and the third structural layer contains longitudinally arranged water-conducting fiber bundles.

[0012] The synergistic effect of the four-layer composite molded bag structure in this invention improves the impermeability by 50% and the overall stability by 40% compared with traditional molded bags.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that the edge of the membrane bag is provided with a magnetic buckle, and the membrane bags of adjacent composite membrane bag sand units are connected by the magnetic buckle, with a rubber sealing strip embedded in the magnetic buckle.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the ecological restoration module includes an ecological planting trough, which is disposed on the outer surface of the membrane bag, and a water-conducting pipe is pre-embedded at the top of the membrane bag. One end of the water-conducting pipe is connected to the water-conducting fiber bundle, and the other end is connected to the ecological planting trough, forming an integrated internal drainage-external irrigation system.

[0015] A method for intelligent layered construction of multi-layered composite ecological geotextile sand cofferdams includes the following steps:

[0016] S1: The composite molded sand unit is positioned and deployed by an unmanned vessel, and the planar splicing is completed by magnetic locking.

[0017] S2: Use a high-pressure jet grouting machine to fill the membrane bag in layers;

[0018] S3: The filling density is monitored by an optical fiber sensor installed inside the membrane bag, and the sand injection pressure of the high-pressure jet grouting sand injection machine is dynamically adjusted based on the filling density;

[0019] S4: Spray a mixture of plant seeds and adhesive into the planting trough, and introduce river water through a water pipe for drip irrigation;

[0020] S5: The anchor bolt is screwed into the riverbed by a hydraulic device, and the rotating blades at the head of the anchor bolt are deployed;

[0021] S6: After construction is completed, cut the steel strands and retrieve the H-beam supports;

[0022] S7: The molded bag unit is separated by a water jet cutting machine, and the inner hemp fiber bag degrades naturally.

[0023] The present invention is further configured such that, in step S2, the layered filling specifically involves filling the bottom layer with coarse sand, and after the filling is completed, laying a permeable geotextile on top of the bottom layer and then filling the middle layer.

[0024] The middle layer is filled with a sand-soil mixture to 70% of the height of the geotextile bag; after laying a permeable geotextile on top of the middle layer, the top layer is filled with lightweight expanded clay to reduce the overall weight.

[0025] The present invention is further configured such that the bottom layer is filled with coarse sand with a particle size range of 2-5 mm; the middle layer is filled with a sand-soil mixture in a ratio of sand:clay = 7:3; and the top layer is filled with lightweight ceramsite with a particle size of 10-20 mm.

[0026] The present invention is further configured such that step S3 specifically comprises:

[0027] Fiber optic sensors are installed inside the membrane bag corresponding to the bottom, middle, and top layers during sand flushing, and the target filling density and initial injection pressure for each layer are preset; the target filling density of the bottom layer is >1.8 g / cm³. 3 The target fill density of the middle layer is ≥1.65 g / cm³. 3 The target fill density of the top layer is ≥0.8 g / cm³. 3 .

[0028] During filling, density data is uploaded to the control system every 10 seconds. The preset filling density is compared with the actual filling density. If the monitoring value deviates from the target density by more than 5% for 3 consecutive times, pressure adjustment is triggered.

[0029] In summary, the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] 1. This invention combines ecological geotextile sand cofferdam with ecological restoration modules to form an integrated internal drainage-external irrigation system, which takes into account both soil and water conservation and landscape restoration functions.

[0031] 2. The membrane bag in this invention comprises a four-layer composite structure. Through the synergistic effect of the first structural layer as an impermeable layer, the second structural layer as a reinforcing layer, the third structural layer as a water-conducting layer, and the fourth structural layer as an ecological layer, the impermeability and overall stability are improved.

[0032] 3. This invention uses fiber optic sensors and high-pressure jet grouting technology for layered filling, reducing filling density errors and improving construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-layered composite ecological geotextile sand cofferdam.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the membrane bag.

[0036] The meanings of the reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0037] 100. Cofferdam foundation; 200. Composite geotextile sand unit; 201. First structural layer; 202. Second structural layer; 203. Third structural layer; 204. Fourth structural layer; 300. Ecological planting trough; 301. Water pipe and anchoring system; 400. Cable tie frame; 401. Prestressed steel strand. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other similar embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Furthermore, the directional terms mentioned in the following embodiments, such as "up," "down," "left," and "right," are only for reference to the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for illustrative purposes and not for limiting the invention.

[0040] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0041] Example 1:

[0042] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a multi-layer composite ecological geotextile sand cofferdam, including a cofferdam foundation 100, a plurality of composite geotextile sand units 200, an ecological restoration module and an anchoring system;

[0043] The composite geotextile sand unit 200 is laid on the cofferdam foundation 100, and the ecological restoration module is set on the outer surface of the composite geotextile sand unit 200;

[0044] The anchoring system includes a cable-stayed support frame 400 and anchor bolts; the anchor bolts are located at the bottom of the composite geotextile sand unit 200, and the composite geotextile sand unit 200 is connected to the cofferdam foundation 100 through the anchor bolts; the cable-stayed support frame 400 is located on the outside of the cofferdam foundation 100 and is connected to the composite geotextile sand unit 200 through prestressed steel strands 401.

[0045] The anchor is a barbed anchor, and the head of the anchor is provided with a rotating vane and a hydraulic cylinder. The rotating vane is connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the rotating vane unfolds into a barbed shape as the hydraulic cylinder extends.

[0046] The composite geotextile sand unit 200 includes a membrane bag, which consists of a first structural layer 201, a second structural layer 202, a third structural layer 203, and a fourth structural layer 204 from the outside to the inside. The first structural layer 201 is a high-strength polyester fiber impermeable geotextile, the second structural layer 202 is a three-dimensional reinforced mesh, the third structural layer 203 is a water-permeable non-woven fabric, and the fourth structural layer 204 is a biodegradable hemp fiber woven bag. The interior of the fourth structural layer 204 is used to fill sand.

[0047] The first structural layer 201 is coated with a nano-silica modified polyurethane coating; the second structural layer 202 is a honeycomb mesh woven from polyester filaments and basalt fibers, with a mesh aperture of 10cm*10cm, which is used to improve shear resistance; the third structural layer 203 has longitudinally arranged water-conducting fiber bundles inside.

[0048] The synergistic effect of the four-layer composite molded bag structure in this invention improves the impermeability by 50% and the overall stability by 40% compared with traditional molded bags.

[0049] The edge of the membrane bag is provided with a magnetic buckle, and the membrane bags of adjacent composite membrane bag sand units 200 are connected by a magnetic buckle, with a rubber sealing strip embedded in the magnetic buckle.

[0050] The ecological restoration module includes an ecological planting trough 300, which is set on the outer surface of the membrane bag. A water-guiding pipe 301 is pre-embedded at the top of the membrane bag. One end of the water-guiding pipe 301 is connected to the water-guiding fiber bundle, and the other end is connected to the ecological planting trough 300, forming an integrated internal drainage-external irrigation system.

[0051] The ecological planting trough is preferably 15cm deep and filled with a plant substrate, such as coconut coir + slow-release fertilizer + water-retaining agent. Flood-tolerant plants are planted in the ecological planting trough, with reeds and sweet flag being preferred.

[0052] Example 2:

[0053] This invention also relates to an intelligent layered construction method for multi-layer composite ecological geotextile sand cofferdams, comprising the following steps:

[0054] S1: The composite molded sand unit is positioned and deployed by an unmanned vessel, and the planar splicing is completed by magnetic locking.

[0055] S2: Use a high-pressure jet grouting machine to fill the membrane bag in layers;

[0056] The layered filling process involves filling the bottom layer with coarse sand, and after the filling is completed, laying a permeable geotextile on top of the bottom layer before filling the middle layer.

[0057] The middle layer is filled with a sand-soil mixture to 70% of the height of the geotextile bag; after laying a permeable geotextile on top of the middle layer, the top layer is filled.

[0058] The top layer is filled with lightweight ceramic granules to reduce the overall weight.

[0059] In this embodiment, the bottom layer is filled with coarse sand with a particle size range of 2-5mm; the middle layer is filled with a sand-soil mixture with a ratio of sand:clay = 7:3; and the top layer is filled with lightweight ceramsite with a particle size of 10-20mm.

[0060] S3: The filling density is monitored by an optical fiber sensor installed inside the membrane bag, and the sand injection pressure of the high-pressure jet grouting sand injection machine is dynamically adjusted based on the filling density;

[0061] Fiber optic sensors are installed inside the membrane bag corresponding to the bottom, middle, and top layers during sand flushing, and the target filling density and initial injection pressure for each layer are preset; the target filling density of the bottom layer is >1.8 g / cm³. 3 The target fill density of the middle layer is ≥1.65 g / cm³. 3 The target fill density of the top layer is ≥0.8 g / cm³. 3 .

[0062] During filling, density data is uploaded to the control system every 10 seconds. The preset filling density is compared with the actual filling density. If the monitoring value deviates from the target density by more than 5% for 3 consecutive times, pressure adjustment is triggered.

[0063] Specifically, if the measured density remains below the target value, the control system will gradually increase the injection pressure of the high-pressure jet grouting machine in increments of 5%, while simultaneously monitoring subsequent changes in filling density. Monitoring will continue for at least 30 seconds after each pressure increase. If the density value remains low, the pressure will continue to be increased until the measured density reaches the target range.

[0064] If the measured density continues to be higher than the target value, the control system will appropriately reduce the sand injection pressure to avoid the stress of the mold bag exceeding the limit or deformation due to overfilling. The adjustment range is also 5%, and the feedback will be monitored in real time.

[0065] After each pressure adjustment, the control system automatically records information such as adjustment time, pressure value, and filling density, forming a construction log to provide data support for subsequent optimization of construction parameters.

[0066] If the density still fails to reach the preset range after multiple pressure adjustments, the control system will issue a warning signal, prompting the operator to check the equipment status or material supply.

[0067] S4: Spray a mixture of plant seeds and adhesive into the planting trough, and introduce river water through a water pipe for drip irrigation;

[0068] S5: The anchor bolt is screwed into the riverbed by a hydraulic device, and the rotating blades at the head of the anchor bolt are deployed;

[0069] S6: After construction is completed, cut the steel strands and retrieve the H-beam supports;

[0070] S7: The molded bag unit is separated by a water jet cutting machine, and the inner hemp fiber bag degrades naturally.

[0071] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-layer composite ecological geotextile sand dike, characterized in that, It includes the cofferdam foundation, several composite geotextile sand units, ecological restoration modules, and anchoring system; The composite geotextile sand unit is laid on the foundation of the cofferdam, and the ecological restoration module is set on the outer surface of the composite geotextile sand unit; The anchoring system includes a cable-stayed support frame and anchor bolts; the anchor bolts are located at the bottom of the composite geotextile sand unit, and the composite geotextile sand unit is connected to the cofferdam foundation through the anchor bolts; the cable-stayed support frame is located on the outside of the cofferdam foundation and is connected to the composite geotextile sand unit through prestressed steel strands.

2. The multi-layer composite ecological geotextile sand dike according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor is a barbed anchor, and the head of the anchor is provided with a rotating vane and a hydraulic cylinder. The rotating vane is connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the rotating vane unfolds into a barbed shape as the hydraulic cylinder extends.

3. The multi-layer composite ecological geotextile sand dike according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite geotextile sand unit includes a membrane bag, which consists of a first structural layer, a second structural layer, a third structural layer, and a fourth structural layer from the outside to the inside. The first structural layer is a high-strength polyester fiber impermeable geotextile, the second structural layer is a three-dimensional reinforced mesh, the third structural layer is a water-permeable non-woven fabric, and the fourth structural layer is a biodegradable hemp fiber woven bag. The interior of the fourth structural layer is used to fill sand.

4. The multi-layer composite ecological geotextile sand dike according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first structural layer is coated with a nano-silica modified polyurethane coating; the second structural layer is a honeycomb mesh woven from polyester filaments and basalt fibers, with a mesh aperture of 10cm*10cm, which is used to improve shear resistance; the third structural layer has longitudinally arranged water-conducting fiber bundles inside.

5. The multi-layer composite ecological geotextile sand dike according to claim 4, characterized in that, The edge of the membrane bag is provided with a magnetic buckle, and the membrane bags of adjacent composite membrane bag sand units are connected by magnetic buckles, with a rubber sealing strip embedded in the magnetic buckle.

6. The multi-layer composite ecological geotextile sand dike according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ecological restoration module includes an ecological planting trough, which is set on the outer surface of the membrane bag. A water-guiding pipe is pre-embedded at the top of the membrane bag, with one end of the water-guiding pipe connected to the water-guiding fiber bundle and the other end connected to the ecological planting trough.

7. A method for intelligent layered construction of multi-layer composite ecological geotextile sand cofferdams, used to implement the construction of the multi-layer composite ecological geotextile sand cofferdams as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The composite molded sand unit is positioned and deployed by an unmanned vessel, and the planar splicing is completed by magnetic locking. S2: Use a high-pressure jet grouting machine to fill the membrane bag in layers; S3: The filling density is monitored by an optical fiber sensor installed inside the membrane bag, and the sand injection pressure of the high-pressure jet grouting sand injection machine is dynamically adjusted based on the filling density; S4: Spray a mixture of plant seeds and adhesive into the planting trough, and introduce river water through a water pipe for drip irrigation; S5: The anchor bolt is screwed into the riverbed by a hydraulic device, and the rotating blades at the head of the anchor bolt are deployed; S6: After construction is completed, cut the steel strands and retrieve the H-beam supports; S7: The molded bag unit is separated by a water jet cutting machine, and the inner hemp fiber bag degrades naturally.

8. The intelligent layered construction method for multi-layer composite ecological geotextile sand cofferdams according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S2, the layered filling specifically involves filling the bottom layer with coarse sand, and after the filling is completed, laying a permeable geotextile on top of the bottom layer and then filling the middle layer. The middle layer is filled with a sand-soil mixture to 70% of the height of the geotextile bag; after laying a permeable geotextile on top of the middle layer, the top layer is filled with lightweight expanded clay to reduce the overall weight.

9. The intelligent layered construction method for multi-layer composite ecological geotextile sand cofferdams according to claim 8, characterized in that, The bottom layer is filled with coarse sand with a particle size range of 2-5mm; the middle layer is filled with a sand-soil mixture with a ratio of sand:clay = 7:3; and the top layer is filled with lightweight ceramsite with a particle size of 10-20mm.

10. The intelligent layered construction method for multi-layer composite ecological geotextile sand cofferdam according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step S3 is as follows: Fiber optic sensors are installed inside the membrane bag corresponding to the bottom, middle, and top layers during sand flushing, and the target filling density and initial injection pressure for each layer are preset; the target filling density of the bottom layer is >1.8 g / cm³. 3 The target fill density of the middle layer is ≥1.65 g / cm³. 3 The target fill density of the top layer is ≥0.8 g / cm³. 3 ; During filling, density data is uploaded to the control system every 10 seconds. The preset filling density is compared with the actual filling density. If the monitoring value deviates from the target density by more than 5% for 3 consecutive times, pressure adjustment is triggered.

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