Construction method for laying waterproof layer and heat insulation layer on roof

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method for laying a waterproof layer and a heat insulation layer on a roof. Firstly, the slope surface direction and gradient of the drainage slope on the roof are determined; then a first surface layer, a second surface layer, a third surface layer and a fourth surface layer are sequentially laid on the roof, the first surface layer is made of a first composite fiber coiled material or waterproof coating, the second surface layer is made of a waterproof film coiled material, the third surface layer is made of a second composite fiber coiled material, and the fourth surface layer is made of a reflective film coiled material; a first composite fiber coiled material and a waterproof film coiled material are laid in a transverse and vertical crossing mode, the laying direction is consistent with or perpendicular to the slope surface direction of the drainage slope, and the waterproof film coiled material and the reflective film coiled material are arranged in a lap joint mode; and finally, a plurality of balancing weights are arranged at the lap joint of the reflective film coiled material. The four surface layers laid through the construction method are all of independent structures, the first surface layer can also separate the waterproof membrane coiled material from the roof, so that damage caused by friction of the four surface layers is avoided to the maximum extent, and the waterproof and heat insulation effects of the roof can be guaranteed through the construction method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, and in particular to a construction method for laying a waterproof layer and a heat insulation layer on a roof. Background Technology

[0002] As the building envelope, the roof loses more energy due to temperature transfer than the exterior walls or the ground. The risk of roof leaks is also higher than that of exterior walls or the ground. Therefore, existing buildings often need to lay waterproof and heat insulation layers on the roof to improve its heat insulation and waterproof performance.

[0003] Currently, the existing construction method for laying waterproof and heat insulation layers is shown in Chinese invention patent number CN202111192055.3 (authorization announcement number CN113931386B). This green building design and construction process first levels the roof to form a leveling layer, then lays a heat insulation pipe system on the leveling layer, then pours cement mortar on the heat insulation pipe system, smooths the surface of the cement mortar to form a filling layer, then lays waterproof membrane on the filling layer to form a waterproof layer, then pours cement mortar on the waterproof layer to form a surface layer, and finally lays a heat insulation film on the surface layer to form a heat insulation layer, thereby giving the roof both waterproof and heat insulation functions.

[0004] To ensure the waterproofing effect of the roof, the industry often requires at least three waterproof layers. Currently, the construction method for laying three waterproof and heat insulation layers on the roof is as follows: First, a leveling layer is formed by pouring concrete. Then, two layers of waterproof coating are applied to the leveling layer to form two waterproof layers. Next, a waterproof membrane is laid on the waterproof membrane to form the third waterproof layer. Then, a heat insulation film is laid on the waterproof membrane to form the heat insulation layer. Finally, a concrete protective layer of at least 5cm is poured on the heat insulation layer, thus sealing the three waterproof and heat insulation layers on the roof surface, making the waterproof and heat insulation layers and the roof surface a whole.

[0005] However, the above construction methods have certain drawbacks. For example, the concrete on the roof will settle to varying degrees, causing cracks in the waterproof coating and potential damage to the waterproof membrane and insulation film, leading to roof leaks and reduced insulation performance. Furthermore, due to seasonal temperature variations, the thermal expansion coefficients of the concrete, waterproof coating, waterproof membrane, and insulation film on the roof differ, causing these materials to expand and contract with temperature changes. This friction between adjacent layers can damage the waterproof and insulation layers, affecting their waterproofing and insulation effectiveness. Additionally, the existing waterproof and insulation layers are encased by a concrete protective layer. Repairing damaged areas requires removing this top layer, making repairs difficult. Therefore, further improvements to the construction methods for laying waterproof and insulation layers on roofs are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a construction method that can protect and facilitate the repair of waterproof and heat insulation layers in light of the above-mentioned existing technology. This construction method is applied to the laying of waterproof and heat insulation layers on roofs.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a construction method for laying a waterproof layer and a heat insulation layer on a roof, characterized by including the following steps:

[0008] S1. Determine the slope direction and gradient of the drainage slope on the roof, and clean up debris and gravel on the roof.

[0009] S2. Lay a first surface layer for buffering on the roof. The first surface layer is made of first composite fiber roll or waterproof coating. During construction, the unrolling direction of the first composite fiber roll is consistent with or perpendicular to the slope direction of the drainage slope. Multiple first composite fiber rolls are arranged close together on the roof until they cover the entire roof to form the first surface layer. Alternatively, the waterproof coating is applied to the entire roof until the waterproof coating dries to form the first surface layer.

[0010] S3. Lay a second waterproof layer on the first surface layer. The second surface layer is made of waterproof membrane roll. During construction, the unwinding direction of the waterproof membrane roll is consistent with or perpendicular to the slope direction of the drainage slope. The unwinding direction of the waterproof membrane roll is perpendicular to the unwinding direction of the first composite fiber roll. Adjacent waterproof membrane rolls are arranged by overlapping to form the second surface layer.

[0011] S4. Lay a third layer on the second layer for buffering and heat insulation. The third layer uses a second composite fiber roll. During construction, the unrolling direction of the second composite fiber roll is consistent with or perpendicular to the slope direction of the drainage slope. Multiple second composite fiber rolls are arranged close together on the roof until they cover the entire roof to form the third layer.

[0012] S5. Lay a fourth layer on the third layer for waterproofing and reflection. The fourth layer is made of reflective film rolls. The unrolling direction of the reflective film rolls is the same as or perpendicular to the slope direction of the drainage slope. Adjacent reflective film rolls are arranged by overlapping to form the fourth layer.

[0013] S6. Multiple counterweights are provided at the overlap of the reflective film roll of the fourth layer, and the multiple counterweights are spaced apart.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S2, a waterproof coating is applied to the underside of the first composite fiber roll. This waterproof coating is applied to the entire roof surface until it dries, after which the first composite fiber roll is laid. This waterproof coating configuration ensures that even with the first composite fiber roll laid, the roof still has three waterproof layers: the waterproof coating, the second layer, and the fourth layer, thus guaranteeing the roof's waterproofing effect.

[0015] Furthermore, when the unwinding direction of the waterproof membrane roll in S3 and the reflective membrane roll in S5 is perpendicular to the slope direction of the drainage slope, the waterproof membrane roll located on the higher side overlaps with the adjacent waterproof membrane roll located on the lower side, and the reflective membrane roll located on the higher side overlaps with the adjacent reflective membrane roll located on the lower side. This overlapping method can prevent water from flowing into the overlap between two adjacent waterproof membrane rolls and two adjacent reflective membrane rolls, further ensuring the waterproof effect of the second and fourth layers.

[0016] Furthermore, the overlap width between the waterproof membrane roll in S3 and the reflective membrane roll in S5 is at least 15cm. The overlap is first bonded and fixed with seam adhesive, and then sealed by roller pressing. The wider the overlap, the better the connection between adjacent rolls. If the overlap width is insufficient, adjacent rolls are prone to detachment. The seam adhesive used for the overlap is often butyl rubber. This overlapping method ensures the structural stability of the second and fourth layers formed by the waterproof membrane roll and the reflective membrane roll, resulting in better performance.

[0017] Furthermore, in S1, a ridge watershed line is provided on the roof. When the ridge watershed line is located on one side of the roof, it forms a drainage slope on the roof. When the ridge watershed line is located in the middle of the roof, it forms two drainage slopes on the roof, located on both sides of the ridge watershed line. In the absence of a drainage slope on the roof, at least one drainage slope with a gradient of 2% is constructed. Existing roof drainage slopes have various configurations; the roof can have a drainage slope sloping to one side or two symmetrical drainage slopes, and the construction method of this application is applicable to both.

[0018] Furthermore, when the ridge drainage line is located in the middle of the roof, and the unwinding direction of the first and second composite fiber rolls in S2 and S4 is consistent with the slope direction of the drainage slope, the starting edge of the unwinding of the first and second composite fiber rolls is the bottom of one drainage slope, and the ending edge of the unwinding is the bottom of the other drainage slope. That is, the composite fiber rolls are laid from the bottom of one slope and across the ridge to the bottom of the other slope. This laying method can maximize the flatness and sealing of the composite fiber rolls, thereby improving the laying effect of the second and fourth surface layers.

[0019] Furthermore, in S1, a drainage ditch and a parapet wall are provided at the bottom of the drainage slope. The second and fourth facing layers in S3 and S5 can both cover the drainage ditch and the parapet wall. A cover plate is provided on the parapet wall, pressing down on the second and fourth facing layers located at the top of the parapet wall. Some existing roofs have drainage ditches and parapet walls. The laying method of this application allows the waterproof membrane roll and reflective membrane roll to cover the drainage ditch and parapet wall. The cover plate is used to fix the waterproof membrane roll and reflective membrane roll to the top of the parapet wall, thereby improving the waterproof performance of the drainage ditch.

[0020] Furthermore, the first and second composite fiber rolls in S2 and S4 are 10mm thick and white in color. The composite fiber rolls contain composite fibers such as glass fiber, polyester, and nylon, possessing excellent mechanical properties, wear resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, aging resistance, and good elongation. Since the composite fiber rolls are white, and waterproof membrane rolls are often semi-transparent, the white composite fiber rolls facilitate the detection of leaks and damage to the waterproof membrane rolls.

[0021] Furthermore, in S5, the reflective film roll is made of galvanized aluminum-magnesium steel, with a thickness of 0.3mm. The upper surface of the reflective film roll is sprayed with white varnish. The white varnish can reflect sunlight, effectively reducing the temperature of the building. The fourth layer formed by the reflective film roll can protect the underlying first, second, and third layers from ultraviolet radiation and sun weathering, extending their service life. This reflective film roll also has waterproof properties.

[0022] Furthermore, the counterweight in S6 is made of a water tank constructed from corrosion-resistant carbon steel pipe, with cement poured inside. Photovoltaic brackets can be installed on the counterweight. The counterweight prevents the reflective film roll from being blown away by strong winds. When the first, second, third, and fourth layers are damaged, the counterweight can be removed to repair the corresponding damaged areas. Additionally, the counterweight can serve as a base for the photovoltaic bracket, allowing the photovoltaic panels to be installed on the roof with the aid of the bracket and the counterweight.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] (1) This construction method separates the roof from the second layer of waterproof membrane roll through the first layer. The first layer can prevent the sand and gravel on the roof from cutting the waterproof membrane roll. When the first layer uses waterproof coating, the waterproof coating is a flexible material. When the waterproof coating reaches a certain thickness, the waterproof coating can also have a buffering effect, thereby ensuring the buffering effect of the first layer.

[0025] (2) This construction method uses a third layer to separate the second layer of waterproof membrane roll and the fourth layer of reflective membrane roll. The third layer can prevent the waterproof membrane roll from directly contacting the external environment, thereby protecting the waterproof effect of the waterproof membrane roll. In addition, the second composite fiber roll of the third layer also has a certain heat insulation effect, thereby ensuring that the roof has heat insulation function.

[0026] (3) This construction method arranges waterproof membrane rolls and reflective membrane rolls by overlapping, which makes the waterproof membrane rolls more waterproof and the reflective membrane rolls also waterproof. When the first surface layer is coated with waterproof coating, this construction method can form three waterproof layers on the roof, namely the first surface layer, the second surface layer and the fourth surface layer, so that the roof laid by this construction method meets the industry requirements.

[0027] (4) The construction method uses a cross-laying method to lay the first composite fiber roll of the first surface layer and the waterproof membrane roll of the second surface layer. Existing construction methods often use the same laying direction to lay the roll. If the roll overlap is not handled properly or is damaged, the overlap below it will also be damaged due to its poor strength. Therefore, the construction method of this application can avoid overlapping of the roll overlap, making the waterproof effect of the roof more stable and less prone to damage.

[0028] (5) The first, second, third and fourth surface layers laid by this construction method are all independent structures, that is, the four surface layers do not form an integral structure with the roof. Therefore, when thermal expansion and contraction occur, the friction between adjacent surface layers is small, thereby avoiding damage caused by friction between adjacent surface layers due to different thermal expansion coefficients, and thus improving the service life of the waterproof and heat insulation layers on the roof. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the S1 roof in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A sectional view;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first surface layer S2 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the S3 waterproof membrane roll in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second surface layer S3 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third surface layer S4 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth surface layer S5 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the S6 counterweight block in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the counterweight block in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the first surface layer S2 in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] like Figures 1-9 As shown, this is Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0041] The construction method in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0042] S1. Using a level and slope gauge on-site, and in conjunction with the architectural design and construction drawings, clearly identify the locations of the roof ridge water divider line 6, drainage ditch 7, and parapet wall 8 on the roof surface. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the ridge water divider 6 is located in the middle of the roof. The ridge water divider 6 forms two drainage slopes on the roof. The two drainage slopes are located on both sides of the ridge water divider 6. The drainage ditch 7 is located at the bottom of the drainage slope. The slope direction and slope of the drainage slope on the roof are clearly defined, and debris and gravel on the roof are cleaned.

[0043] S2. Lay a first surface layer 1 for buffering on the roof. The first surface layer 1 is made of an elastic first composite fiber roll 11. During construction, the unwinding direction of the first composite fiber roll 11 is consistent with the slope direction of the drainage slope. Multiple first composite fiber rolls 11 are arranged adjacent to each other on the roof until the entire roof is covered to form the first surface layer. The starting edge of the unwinding of the first composite fiber roll 11 is the bottom of the drainage slope on one side, and the ending edge of the unwinding is the bottom of the drainage slope on the other side. The thickness of the first composite fiber roll 11 is 10mm, and the color is white. Figure 3 As shown.

[0044] S3. Lay a second waterproof layer 2 on the first surface layer 1. The second surface layer 2 is made of waterproof membrane roll 21. During construction, the unwinding direction of the waterproof membrane roll 21 is perpendicular to the unwinding direction of the first composite fiber roll 11, that is, the unwinding direction of the waterproof membrane roll 21 is perpendicular to the slope direction of the drainage slope. Adjacent waterproof membrane rolls 21 are arranged in an overlapping manner to form the second surface layer 2, that is, the waterproof membrane roll 21 on the higher side overlaps the adjacent waterproof membrane roll 21 on the lower side. The width of the overlapping position of the waterproof membrane rolls 21 is at least 15cm. The overlap of the waterproof membrane rolls 21 is first bonded and fixed with joint adhesive, and then sealed by roller pressing. The joint adhesive is butyl rubber. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown.

[0045] S4. Lay a third layer 3 on the second layer 2 for buffering and heat insulation. The third layer 3 uses an elastic second composite fiber roll 31. During construction, the unwinding direction of the second composite fiber roll 31 is consistent with the unwinding direction of the first composite fiber roll 11, that is, the unwinding direction of the second composite fiber roll 31 is consistent with the slope direction of the drainage slope. Multiple second composite fiber rolls 31 are arranged adjacent to each other on the roof until the entire roof is covered to form the third layer 3. The starting edge of the unwinding of the second composite fiber roll 31 is the bottom of the drainage slope on one side, and the ending edge of the unwinding is the bottom of the drainage slope on the other side. The thickness of the second composite fiber roll 31 is 10mm, and the color is white. Figure 6 As shown.

[0046] S5. Lay a fourth layer 4 for waterproofing and reflection on the third layer 3. The fourth layer 4 uses reflective film roll 41. During construction, the unwinding direction of the reflective film roll 41 is consistent with the unwinding direction of the waterproof film roll 21, that is, the unwinding direction of the reflective film roll 41 is perpendicular to the slope direction of the drainage slope. Adjacent reflective film rolls 41 are arranged in an overlapping manner to form the fourth layer 4, that is, the reflective film roll 41 located on the higher side overlaps the adjacent reflective film roll 41 located on the lower side. The width of the overlapping part of the reflective film rolls 41 is at least 15cm, and the overlap of the reflective film rolls 41 is first glued and fixed with joint adhesive, and then sealed by roller pressing. The joint adhesive is butyl rubber. The reflective film roll 41 is a galvanized aluminum-magnesium steel roll with a thickness of 0.3mm. The upper surface of the reflective film roll 41 is sprayed with white varnish. Figure 7 As shown.

[0047] S6. Multiple counterweights 5 are provided at the overlap of the reflective film roll 41 of the fourth layer 4. The multiple counterweights 5 are spaced apart. The counterweights 5 are made of water tanks made of corrosion-resistant carbon steel pipes, and the water tanks are filled with cement. Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown; and both the waterproof layer 2 and the heat insulation layer 4 can cover the drainage ditch 7 and the parapet wall 8. A cover plate 9 is installed on the parapet wall 8, and the cover plate 9 presses down on the waterproof layer 2 and the heat insulation layer 4 located at the top of the parapet wall 8.

[0048] In addition, a photovoltaic bracket can be installed on the counterweight 5 in this embodiment, and the photovoltaic panel can be installed on the roof with the help of the photovoltaic bracket and the counterweight 5. Furthermore, the counterweight 5 can also be a strip structure.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] like Figure 10 As shown, it is basically the same as in Example 1, except that: in S2 of this example, the first surface layer 1 is made of waterproof coating. The waterproof coating is applied to all the roof surfaces and the waterproof coating is at least 1.5 mm thick, so that the first surface layer 1 formed by the waterproof coating has a buffering and waterproofing effect until the waterproof coating dries to form the first surface layer 1.

[0051] The roof laid in Example 2 has three waterproof layers, namely the first layer, the second layer and the fourth layer.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] The embodiment is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that in this embodiment, waterproof coating is applied under the first composite fiber roll 11 in S2, that is, the waterproof coating is applied to the entire roof until the waterproof coating dries, and then the first composite fiber roll 11 is laid.

Claims

1. A construction method for laying a waterproof layer and a heat insulation layer on a roof, characterized in that; Includes the following steps: S1. Determine the slope direction and gradient of the drainage slope on the roof, and clean up debris and gravel on the roof. S2. Lay a first surface layer (1) for buffering on the roof. The first surface layer (1) is made of a first composite fiber roll (11) or a waterproof coating. During construction, the unrolling direction of the first composite fiber roll (11) is consistent with or perpendicular to the slope direction of the drainage slope. Multiple first composite fiber rolls (11) are arranged close together on the roof until they cover the entire roof to form the first surface layer (1). Alternatively, the waterproof coating is applied to the entire roof until it dries to form the first surface layer (1). S3. Lay a second waterproof layer (2) on the first surface layer (1). The second surface layer (2) is made of waterproof membrane roll (21). During construction, the unwinding direction of the waterproof membrane roll (21) is consistent with or perpendicular to the slope direction of the drainage slope. The unwinding direction of the waterproof membrane roll (21) is perpendicular to the unwinding direction of the first composite fiber roll (11). Adjacent waterproof membrane rolls (21) are arranged in an overlapping manner to form the second surface layer (2). S4. Lay a third layer (3) for buffering and heat insulation on the second layer (2). The third layer (3) uses a second composite fiber roll (31). During construction, the unrolling direction of the second composite fiber roll (31) is consistent with or perpendicular to the slope direction of the drainage slope. Multiple second composite fiber rolls (31) are arranged close together on the roof until they cover the entire roof to form the third layer (3). S5. Lay a fourth layer (4) for waterproofing and reflection on the third layer (3). The fourth layer (4) uses reflective film rolls (41). The unrolling direction of the reflective film rolls (41) is consistent with or perpendicular to the slope direction of the drainage slope. Adjacent reflective film rolls (41) are arranged in an overlapping manner to form the fourth layer (4). S6. Multiple counterweights (5) are provided at the overlap of the reflective film roll (41) of the fourth surface layer (4), and the multiple counterweights (5) are spaced apart.

2. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that; Waterproof coating is applied to the underside of the first composite fiber roll (11) in S2. The waterproof coating is applied to the entire roof surface until it dries, and then the first composite fiber roll (11) is laid.

3. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that; When the unwinding direction of the waterproof membrane roll (21) in S3 and the reflective membrane roll (41) in S5 is perpendicular to the slope direction of the drainage slope, the waterproof membrane roll (21) located on the high side overlaps on the adjacent waterproof membrane roll (21) located on the low side, and the reflective membrane roll (41) located on the high side overlaps on the adjacent reflective membrane roll (41) located on the low side.

4. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that; The overlap of the waterproof membrane roll (21) in S3 and the overlap of the reflective membrane roll (41) in S5 shall be at least 15cm wide. The overlap shall be first bonded and fixed with joint adhesive and then sealed by roller pressing.

5. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that; In S1, a ridge water distribution line (6) is provided on the roof. When the ridge water distribution line (6) is located on one side of the roof, the ridge water distribution line (6) forms a drainage slope on the roof. When the ridge water distribution line (6) is located in the middle of the roof, the ridge water distribution line (6) forms two drainage slopes on the roof. The two drainage slopes are located on both sides of the ridge water distribution line (6). In the case that there is no drainage slope on the roof, at least one drainage slope with a slope of 2% is constructed.

6. The construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that; When the ridge water distribution line (6) is located in the middle of the roof, and the unwinding direction of the first composite fiber roll (11) and the second composite fiber roll (31) in S2 and S4 is consistent with the slope direction of the drainage slope, the starting edge of the unwinding of the first composite fiber roll (11) and the second composite fiber roll (31) is the bottom of the drainage slope on one side, and the ending edge of the unwinding is the bottom of the drainage slope on the other side.

7. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that; The bottom of the drainage slope in S1 is provided with a drainage ditch (7) and a parapet wall (8). The second surface layer (2) and the fourth surface layer (4) in S3 and S5 can cover the drainage ditch (7) and the parapet wall (8). The parapet wall (8) is provided with a cover plate (9). The cover plate (9) presses down on the second surface layer (2) and the fourth surface layer (4) located at the top of the parapet wall (8).

8. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that; The first composite fiber roll (11) and the second composite fiber roll (31) in S2 and S4 have a thickness of 10 mm and are white in color.

9. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that; The reflective film roll (41) in S5 is a galvanized aluminum-magnesium steel roll with a thickness of 0.3 mm and a white varnish sprayed on the upper surface of the reflective film roll (41).

10. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight (5) in S6 is a water tank made of corrosion-resistant carbon steel pipe, and cement is poured into the water tank. A photovoltaic bracket can be installed on the counterweight (5).

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