Integrated efficient cantilever type steam turbine

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated efficient cantilever type steam turbine which comprises a complete machine installation table, a turning gear, a gear box and a steam turbine body, and the turning gear, the gear box and the steam turbine body are connected in series and arranged and integrated on the complete machine installation table. The high-speed shaft system and the low-speed shaft system are arranged in the gearbox body and are in transmission connection, the two ends of the high-speed shaft system are in transmission connection with a turning gear and a steam turbine body respectively, and the two ends of the low-speed shaft system are in transmission connection with the high-speed shaft system and a generator respectively. Through reasonable structural arrangement, the turning gear, the gear box and the steam turbine main body are connected in series, and the whole system is integrated on the whole machine mounting table, so that the whole unit is integrated, the structure is simple, the space is compact, and the occupied space of the steam turbine is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of steam turbine technology, and more specifically to an integrated high-efficiency cantilever steam turbine. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most traditional steam turbines used in power generation and transmission are horizontally arranged along their rotation axis, with each turbine having an independent rotor and an independent gearbox for speed change. The overall unit footprint increases with the number of impeller stages, and the span of the unit cannot be reduced due to structural limitations, especially in small-power units where size is unacceptable and installation is complex. This is particularly true in space-constrained installations, where traditional units place high demands on installation conditions. Furthermore, the non-integrated structure of the traditional turbine and gearbox leads to transmission losses between components, affecting the overall transmission efficiency of the unit. Additionally, most traditional steam turbines have a double-sided output shaft structure, resulting in significant air leakage, which is detrimental to energy conservation and emission reduction, affects stable operation, and greatly increases long-term operating losses and maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated, simple, compact, low-loss, high-efficiency cantilever steam turbine that addresses the shortcomings of traditional steam turbine units.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes an integrated high-efficiency cantilever steam turbine, comprising a main unit mounting platform and a turning gear, a gearbox, and a main turbine body arranged in series and integrated on the main unit mounting platform. The gearbox is fixedly mounted on the main unit mounting platform and includes a gearbox housing and a high-speed shaft system and a low-speed shaft system disposed within the gearbox housing and connected in transmission. The two ends of the high-speed shaft system are respectively connected in transmission to the turning gear and the main turbine body, and the low-speed shaft system is respectively connected in transmission to the high-speed shaft system and the generator.

[0005] Furthermore, the turning device includes: A disc wheel reducer, wherein the output end of the disc wheel reducer is provided with a disc wheel output pawl that meshes with a high-speed shaft system; A turntable drive motor whose output end is connected to the input end of the turntable wheel reducer, and a controller is provided on the turntable drive motor; The connecting seat is fixedly assembled to the turning gear and the gearbox housing at both ends by flanges. It is used to connect the turning gear and the gearbox. The turning gear output claw passes through it. The top of the connecting seat is provided with a lever corresponding to the turning gear output claw, which is used to realize the engagement and disengagement between the turning gear output claw and the high-speed shaft system.

[0006] Furthermore, the high-speed shaft system is rotatably assembled in the gearbox housing via high-speed shaft bearing one and high-speed shaft bearing two, respectively, and a speed measuring gear and a high-speed transmission gear are sequentially provided on it. The input end of the high-speed shaft system is connected to the turning device and the high-speed shaft system by meshing with the turning input chuck and the turning output chuck. The low-speed shaft system is rotatably assembled in the gearbox housing via low-speed shaft bearing one and low-speed shaft bearing two, and is provided with low-speed transmission gears that mesh with high-speed transmission gears.

[0007] Furthermore, the rotary input chuck is mounted on the input end of the high-speed shaft system by interference fit, and its rotation is constrained in the circumferential direction by a double key.

[0008] Furthermore, the gearbox housing is provided with a gearbox oil inlet and a gearbox oil return port to ensure lubrication of each bearing and gear.

[0009] Furthermore, the main body of the steam turbine includes: The lower cylinder is supported at its bottom by a cylinder support seat that is fixedly mounted on the machine mounting platform. The upper cylinder, together with the lower cylinder, forms the sealed chamber of the steam turbine; A rotor is rotatably mounted between the lower cylinder and the upper cylinder, and the rotor is rotaryly sealed with the lower cylinder and the upper cylinder through a steam seal assembly; The nozzles, respectively installed on the lower and upper cylinders, inject high-pressure steam at the outlet to perform work on the rotor; A baffle plate installed in the sealed chamber of the steam turbine to prevent interstage steam leakage; An exhaust valve is installed at the tail end of the turbine sealing chamber; The main steam valve is connected to the upper cylinder. The bottom of the main steam valve is supported by an elastic support fixed on the machine mounting platform. A main steam valve hydraulic actuator is provided on one side of the main steam valve. A regulating valve, located at the top of the upper cylinder, is used to control the steam flow of the steam turbine. The regulating valve is adjusted by a regulating valve hydraulic motor that is driven to it.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotor includes: The main shaft is the same shaft system as the high-speed shaft system, and the two are coaxially and fixedly connected. The main shaft is provided with a steam seal groove corresponding to the steam seal assembly. The two-stage impeller is coaxially fixed at the end of the main shaft, including the regulating stage impeller blades corresponding to the nozzle and the pressure stage impeller blades corresponding to the partition.

[0011] Furthermore, the turbine is equipped with a unit monitoring signal module. Temperature and vibration sensors electrically connected to the unit monitoring signal module are installed on the cylinder of the turbine body, each bearing of the gearbox, and the gearbox housing to monitor the vibration and temperature performance of the unit in real time during operation. The gearbox is also equipped with a speed sensor that is electrically connected to the unit's monitoring signal module, which, together with the speed measuring gear on the high-speed shaft, monitors the unit's rotational speed in real time.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: This invention, through a reasonable structural arrangement, connects the turning gear, gearbox and turbine body in series, and integrates the whole system on the whole machine mounting platform, making the whole unit integrated, simple in structure and compact in space, thus reducing the space occupied by the turbine. The turbine main shaft and the gearbox high-speed drive shaft are integrated into one unit. The integrated rotor drive shaft structure has good mechanical properties. The layout has been redesigned to take into account the stress characteristics of the four sliding bearings in the gearbox, which simplifies the complexity of the turbine and improves the operating accuracy and stability of the unit. Through the gearbox design, it outputs high torque, drives the load, and achieves power generation or drive, resulting in high work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view, Figure 3 for Figure 1 The right view, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turning gear 1. Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the main body 3 of the steam turbine. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor 302. The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Turning gear; 2. Gearbox; 3. Steam turbine body; 4. Assembly platform; 5. Air inlet; 6. Exhaust outlet; 10. Turning gear reducer; 11. Turning gear drive motor; 12. Turning gear controller; 13. Lever; 14. Connecting seat; 15. Turning gear output pawl; 20. High-speed shaft system; 21. High-speed shaft bearing 1; 22. Low-speed shaft system; 23. Low-speed shaft bearing 1; 24. Gearbox housing; 25. Low-speed transmission gear; 26. High-speed shaft bearing 2; 27. Low-speed shaft bearing 2; 28. Gearbox oil inlet; 29. ​​Gearbox oil return port; 301. Lower cylinder; 302. Rotor; 30 3. Steam seal assembly; 304. Upper cylinder; 305. Nozzle; 306. Baffle; 307. Exhaust valve; 308. Flexible support; 309. Main steam valve; 310. Adjusting valve; 311. Adjusting valve hydraulic actuator; 312. Unit monitoring signal module; 313. Cylinder support; 314. Main steam valve hydraulic actuator; 3021. Main shaft; 3011. Drain port one; 3012. Drain port two; 201. Turning gear input claw; 202. Speed ​​measuring gear; 203. High-speed transmission gear; 204. Steam seal groove; 205. Adjusting stage impeller blade; 206. Pressure stage impeller blade; 2051. Impeller. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description in this part is only exemplary and explanatory, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention in any way.

[0016] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0017] It should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0018] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0020] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 This invention provides an integrated high-efficiency cantilever steam turbine, including a mounting platform 4 and a turning gear 1, a gearbox 2, and a turbine body 3, all connected in series and integrated on the mounting platform 4. The turbine body 3 is bolted to the gearbox 2 housing via upper and lower cylinder flanges. The gearbox 2 is fixedly mounted on the mounting platform 4 and includes a gearbox housing 24 and a high-speed shaft system 20 and a low-speed shaft system 22 disposed within the gearbox housing 24. The high-speed shaft system 20 and the low-speed shaft system 22 are connected by a transmission connection. The two ends of the high-speed shaft system 20 are respectively connected to the turning gear 1 and the turbine body 3, and the low-speed shaft system 22 is respectively connected to the high-speed shaft system 20 and the generator. Specifically... like Figure 2 and Figure 4 The turning device 1 includes a turning wheel reducer 10, a turning drive motor 11 and a connecting seat 14. The output end of the turning wheel reducer 10 is provided with a turning output claw 15 that meshes with the high-speed shaft system 20. The output end of the turning gear drive motor 11 is connected to the input end of the turning gear reducer 10, and the turning gear drive motor 11 is equipped with a turning gear controller 12. The external of the turning gear device 1 is connected to the gearbox housing 24 by bolts through the housing flange of the connecting seat 14. The two ends of the connecting seat 14 are fixedly assembled to the turning gear device 1 and the gearbox housing 24 by flanges respectively. The turning gear output claw 15 passes through it. The top of the connecting seat 14 is provided with a lever 13 corresponding to the turning gear output claw 15, which is used to realize the engagement and disengagement between the turning gear output claw 15 and the high-speed shaft system 20. like Figure 2 and Figure 6The high-speed shaft system 20 is rotatably assembled in the gearbox housing 24 through high-speed shaft bearing 1 21 and high-speed shaft bearing 26 respectively. The speed measuring gear 202 and high-speed transmission gear 203 are arranged on it in sequence. The input end of the high-speed shaft system 20 is connected to the high-speed shaft system 20 by the meshing of the turning gear input pawl 201 and the turning gear output pawl 15. The turning gear input pawl 201 is installed on the input end of the high-speed shaft system 20 by interference fit, and its rotation is constrained in the circumferential direction by double key. When the unit starts, the turning gear device 1 can provide drive, and the speed of the high-speed shaft system 20 is gradually increased by the low speed of the turning gear device 1, thereby ensuring the smooth start of the whole machine. After the whole machine starts, the operating lever 13 disengages the turning gear input pawl 201 from the turning gear output pawl 15. like Figure 2 and Figure 6 The low-speed shaft system 22 is rotatably assembled in the gearbox housing 24 through low-speed shaft bearing 1 23 and low-speed shaft bearing 27 respectively, and a low-speed transmission gear 25 is provided on it to mesh with the high-speed transmission gear 203.

[0021] like Figure 1 The gearbox housing 24 is equipped with a gearbox oil inlet 28 and a gearbox oil return port 29 to ensure the lubrication of each bearing and gear. In order to ensure the rotational performance of the rotor and the life of the bearings, the bearings and transmission gears of the gearbox 2 are lubricated by forced lubrication. Under pressure, the lubricating oil from the external independent lubrication oil tank enters from the gearbox oil inlet 28 and flows in three paths. One path lubricates the gears, the remaining two paths lubricate the bearings, and finally the oil flows back to the oil tank from the gearbox oil return port 29. At the same time, the external independent lubrication oil tank system is cooled in real time by an external water circulation forced cooling system.

[0022] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The turbine body 3 includes a lower cylinder 301, an upper cylinder 304, a rotor 302, two nozzles 305, a diaphragm 306, an exhaust valve 307, a main steam valve 309, and a regulating valve 310, wherein: The bottom of the lower cylinder 301 is supported by a cylinder support seat 313 that is fixedly mounted on the machine mounting platform 4. The upper cylinder 304 and the lower cylinder 301 together form the turbine sealing chamber; The rotor 302 is rotatably mounted between the lower cylinder 301 and the upper cylinder 304. Rotational sealing between the rotor 302 and the lower cylinder 301 and upper cylinder 304 is achieved through steam seal assemblies 303. The rotor 302 includes a main shaft 3021 and two-stage impellers 2051 coaxially fixed at the end of the main shaft 3021. The main shaft 3021 and the high-speed shaft system 20 are on the same shaft system and are coaxially fixedly connected. The main shaft 3021 is provided with steam seal grooves 204 corresponding to the steam seal assembly 303. The two-stage impellers 2051 are coaxially fixed at the end of the main shaft 3021, including regulating stage impeller blades 205 corresponding to the nozzle 305 and pressure stage impeller blades 206 corresponding to the partition 306. The correspondence is as follows: The nozzle 305 changes the flow direction of the high-temperature steam entering the cylinder, ensuring that the steam flows at the designed angle and direction when passing through the stationary blades, so that it can accurately do work on the regulating stage impeller blades 205, complete the conversion of thermal energy into kinetic energy, drive the rotor 302 to rotate and do work, and achieve the first stage of work. After passing through the regulating stage impeller blades 205, the high-temperature steam passes through the diaphragm 306 to prevent interstage steam leakage and maintain the turbine's operational stability. The high-temperature steam passing through the diaphragm 306 again drives the pressure stage impeller blades 206 to rotate and do work, thus achieving two-stage work. Two nozzles 305 are respectively installed on the lower cylinder 301 and the upper cylinder 304. The outlet of the nozzle 305 sprays high-pressure steam to do work on the rotor 302. Baffle 306 is installed in the turbine sealing chamber to prevent interstage steam leakage; The exhaust valve 307 is located at the tail of the turbine sealing chamber, and the outlet of the exhaust valve 307 is the exhaust port 6; The main steam valve 309 is connected to the upper cylinder 304. The bottom of the main steam valve 309 is supported by an elastic support 308 fixed on the machine mounting platform 4. The main steam valve 309 is provided with an air inlet 5. The main steam valve 309 is provided with a main steam valve hydraulic motor 314 on one side. The regulating valve 310 is located on top of the upper cylinder 304 and is used to control the steam flow of the steam turbine. The regulating valve 310 is adjusted by the regulating valve hydrator 311 which is connected to it.

[0023] The bottom of the turbine body 3 is provided with drain outlet 1 3011 and drain outlet 2 3012 respectively.

[0024] like Figure 3 The turbine is equipped with a unit monitoring signal module 312. Temperature and vibration sensors electrically connected to the unit monitoring signal module 312 are installed on the cylinder of the turbine body 3, each bearing of the gearbox 2, and the gearbox housing 24 to monitor the vibration and temperature performance of the unit in real time during operation. The gearbox 2 is also equipped with a speed sensor that is electrically connected to the unit monitoring signal module 312, which, together with the speed measuring gear 202 on the high-speed shaft system 20, monitors the unit's rotational speed in real time.

[0025] Working principle: When the unit starts up, the drive is provided by the turning gear device 1. The speed of the high-speed shaft system 20 is gradually increased by the low-speed turning gear device 1, thereby ensuring the smooth start of the whole machine. After the whole machine starts up, the operating lever 13 disengages the turning gear input claw 201 from the turning gear output claw 15. High-temperature steam enters the cylinder through the inlet 5 of the main steam valve 309. The flow direction of the high-temperature steam is changed by the nozzle 305, so that the steam flows at the designed angle and direction when passing through the stationary vanes, so that it can precisely do work on the regulating stage impeller blades 205, completing the conversion of thermal energy into kinetic energy, and driving the rotor 302 to rotate and do work. After passing through the regulating stage impeller blades 205, the high-temperature steam drives the pressure stage impeller blades 206 to rotate and do work again through the baffle 306 installed on the cylinder. The rotor 302 rotates at high speed after doing work with the high-temperature steam, driving the high-speed shaft system 20 of the coaxial system to rotate. Through the meshing between the high-speed transmission gear 203 and the low-speed transmission gear 25 of the low-speed shaft system 22, the low-speed shaft system 22 of the gearbox rotates, outputting a large torque to drive the load to work, realizing power generation or driving.

[0026] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated high-efficiency cantilever steam turbine, characterized in that, The system includes a complete machine mounting platform (4) and a turning gear (1), a gearbox (2) and a turbine body (3) arranged in series and integrated on the complete machine mounting platform (4). The gearbox (2) is fixedly mounted on the complete machine mounting platform (4) and includes a gearbox housing (24) and a high-speed shaft system (20) and a low-speed shaft system (22) disposed in the gearbox housing (24) and connected in transmission. The two ends of the high-speed shaft system (20) are connected in transmission to the turning gear (1) and the turbine body (3) respectively. The low-speed shaft system (22) is connected in transmission to the high-speed shaft system (20) and the generator respectively.

2. The integrated high-efficiency cantilever steam turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turning gear (1) includes: The disc wheel reducer (10) is provided with a disc wheel output pawl (15) that meshes with the high-speed shaft system at its output end. A wheel drive motor (11) whose output end is connected to the input end of the wheel reducer (10) is provided with a wheel controller (12). A connecting seat (14) is fixedly assembled at both ends with flanges to the turning gear device (1) and the gearbox housing (24), respectively. It is used to connect the turning gear device (1) and the gearbox (2). The turning gear output claw (15) passes through it. The top of the connecting seat (14) is provided with a lever (13) corresponding to the turning gear output claw (15), which is used to realize the engagement and disengagement between the turning gear output claw (15) and the high-speed shaft system (20).

3. The integrated high-efficiency cantilever steam turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The high-speed shaft system (20) is rotatably assembled in the gearbox housing (24) through high-speed shaft bearing one (21) and high-speed shaft bearing two (26), respectively. A speed measuring gear (202) and a high-speed transmission gear (203) are arranged on it in sequence. The input end of the high-speed shaft system (20) is connected to the high-speed shaft system (20) by meshing the turning input chuck (201) and the turning output chuck (15). The low-speed shaft system (22) is rotatably assembled in the gearbox housing (24) via low-speed shaft bearing one (23) and low-speed shaft bearing two (27), and is provided with a low-speed transmission gear (25) that meshes with the high-speed transmission gear (203).

4. An integrated high-efficiency cantilever steam turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The input chuck (201) is installed on the input end of the high-speed shaft system (20) by interference fit, and its rotation is constrained in the circumferential direction by double keys.

5. An integrated high-efficiency cantilever steam turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gearbox housing (24) is provided with a gearbox oil inlet (28) and a gearbox oil return port (29) to ensure lubrication of each bearing and each gear.

6. An integrated high-efficiency cantilever steam turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The main body of the steam turbine (3) includes: The lower cylinder (301) is supported at its bottom by a cylinder support seat (313) fixedly mounted on the machine mounting platform (4); The upper cylinder (304) together with the lower cylinder (301) constitutes the turbine sealing chamber. Rotary rotor (302) is rotatably mounted between the lower cylinder (301) and the upper cylinder (304), and the rotor (302) achieves rotational sealing with the lower cylinder (301) and the upper cylinder (304) through a steam seal assembly (303); Nozzles (305) are respectively installed on the lower cylinder (301) and the upper cylinder (304) to spray high-pressure steam at the outlet to do work on the rotor (302). A baffle (306) is installed in the sealed chamber of the steam turbine to prevent interstage steam leakage. The exhaust valve (307) is located at the tail end of the turbine sealing chamber. The main steam valve (309) is connected to the upper cylinder (304). The bottom of the main steam valve (309) is supported by an elastic support (308) fixed on the machine mounting platform (4). A main steam valve hydraulic motor 314 is provided on one side of the main steam valve (309). A regulating valve (310) is located on top of the upper cylinder (304) and is used to control the steam flow of the steam turbine. The regulating valve (310) is adjusted by a regulating valve hydrator (311) that is connected to it.

7. An integrated high-efficiency cantilever steam turbine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rotor (302) includes: Main shaft (3021), the main shaft (3021) and the high-speed shaft system (20) are the same shaft system, and the two are coaxially fixedly connected. The main shaft (3021) is provided with a steam seal groove (204) corresponding to the steam seal assembly (303). The two-stage impeller (2051) is coaxially fixed at the end of the main shaft (3021), including the regulating stage impeller blade (205) corresponding to the nozzle (305) and the pressure stage impeller blade (206) corresponding to the partition plate (306).

8. An integrated high-efficiency cantilever steam turbine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The turbine is equipped with a unit monitoring signal module (312). Temperature and vibration sensors that are electrically connected to the unit monitoring signal module (312) are installed on the cylinder of the turbine body (3), each bearing of the gearbox (2) and the gearbox housing (24) to monitor the vibration and temperature performance of the unit in real time during operation. The gearbox (2) is also equipped with a speed sensor that is electrically connected to the unit monitoring signal module (312), which, together with the speed measuring gear (202) on the high-speed shaft system (20), monitors the unit's rotation speed in real time.

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