Solar flat plate collector and solar water heater

Abstract

The invention provides a solar flat plate collector and a solar water heater, and relates to the technical field of solar equipment, the solar flat plate collector comprises a heat conducting plate, a heat conducting condensation pipe and a heat conducting condensation head, the heat conducting plate comprises a metal plate body and a capillary channel arranged in the metal plate body, and the two ends of the capillary channel are sealed; a heat-conducting phase-change medium is arranged in the capillary channel, the heat-conducting condensation pipe is attached and fixed to the end of the heat-conducting plate along the edge of the heat-conducting plate, and the heat-conducting phase-change medium is arranged in the heat-conducting condensation pipe; the heat conduction condensation head is communicated with the heat conduction condensation pipe, the heat conduction condensation head is used for being arranged in equipment to be heated, and a heat conduction phase change medium is arranged in the heat conduction condensation pipe head; the heat conduction efficiency can be improved, the problem that the anti-freezing solution needs to be continuously supplemented is solved, and the excellent effects of scaling prevention and maintenance-free are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solar energy equipment technology, and in particular to a solar flat plate collector and a solar water heater. Background Technology

[0002] A solar water heater is a device that uses solar energy to heat water and supply hot water. It uses a solar collector to gather solar radiation energy, converting it into heat energy, which is then used to heat the water. Solar water heaters are commonly used in homes, commercial spaces, and industrial settings to provide users with hot water for bathing, washing, heating, and other purposes.

[0003] A solar water heater typically consists of a flat-plate solar collector, a hot water storage tank, a piping circulation system, and a control system. The solar collector is the core component of a solar water heater and is divided into flat-plate and evacuated tube types. The solar collector absorbs solar radiation and converts it into heat energy, which is then transferred to the hot water storage tank through the piping circulation system to supply hot water. The control system monitors and controls the operation of the collector and circulation system to ensure the system operates safely and efficiently.

[0004] A conventional flat-plate solar collector consists of a glass panel, an absorber, manifolds, a frame, an insulation layer, and a frame. The manifolds contain antifreeze or water, and the absorber has a coating on its upper surface that absorbs solar heat. The absorber heats the antifreeze or water in the manifolds, and the heat is transferred to the water tank or main pipe above via convection, completing the heat collection and transfer process.

[0005] In existing technologies, vacuum tube solar water heaters that use water as a heat transfer medium typically have antifreeze or water pre-filled in the manifold. When there is solar radiation, the flat plate collector absorbs solar heat through the heat absorption coating layer on the surface of the absorber, causing the cold antifreeze or water in the manifold to continuously heat up. The heat is then transferred to the user end through the natural micro-circulation principle of hot water rising and cold water sinking, or through forced circulation by a water pump, and enters the hot water storage tank at the top of the water heater or the main pipe.

[0006] Existing flat-plate solar collectors have the following disadvantages:

[0007] 1. In northern winters, the water flowing inside flat-plate solar collectors is prone to freezing, which can cause the manifold pipes to burst and become damaged.

[0008] Second, the antifreeze circulating inside flat plate solar collectors in northern winters has a short shelf life. Expired antifreeze will reduce heat conduction efficiency and easily damage the flat plate. Therefore, it is necessary to frequently replace the antifreeze to ensure heat conduction efficiency. However, frequent replenishment of antifreeze is cumbersome and increases equipment investment and maintenance and operation costs.

[0009] Third, the heat exchange efficiency between the flat plate solar collector and the water in the water tank is relatively low. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide a solar flat plate collector and a solar water heater to solve the problems existing in the prior art, improve the heat conduction efficiency, overcome the problem of needing to continuously replenish antifreeze, and also have the excellent effects of preventing scaling and maintenance-free operation.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0012] A solar flat-plate collector includes a heat-conducting plate, a heat-conducting condenser tube, and a heat-conducting condenser head. The heat-conducting plate includes a metal plate body and a capillary tube disposed inside the metal plate body. Both ends of the capillary tube are sealed, and a heat-conducting phase change medium is disposed inside the capillary tube. The heat-conducting condenser tube is attached and fixed to the end of the heat-conducting plate along the edge of the heat-conducting plate, and a heat-conducting phase change medium is disposed inside the heat-conducting condenser tube. The heat-conducting condenser head is connected to the heat-conducting condenser tube and is used to be installed in the equipment to be heated. A heat-conducting phase change medium is disposed inside the heat-conducting condenser tube head.

[0013] In one embodiment, the heat-conducting condenser tube is a square tube, and one side of the square tube is in contact with the surface of the heat-conducting plate.

[0014] In one embodiment, the axial direction of the heat-conducting condenser head is perpendicular to the axial direction of the heat-conducting condenser tube, and the axial direction of the heat-conducting condenser head is parallel to the surface of the heat-conducting plate.

[0015] As one embodiment, it also includes a frame, the heat-conducting plate is disposed within the frame, and one of the side plates of the frame is provided with a through hole for the heat-conducting condenser head to extend out.

[0016] As one embodiment, the bottom and sides of the heat-conducting plate are provided with heat insulation layers.

[0017] As one embodiment, a heat absorber is covered above the heat-conducting plate.

[0018] As one embodiment, a glass panel is provided above the heat absorber.

[0019] In one embodiment, the metal plate is an aluminum plate; the thermally conductive condenser tube and the thermally conductive condenser head are both made of copper.

[0020] In one embodiment, the heat-conducting phase change medium in the capillary tube, the heat-conducting condenser tube, and the heat-conducting condenser head is a propylene glycol-based heat-conducting liquid.

[0021] The present invention also provides a solar water heater, including a water tank and a solar flat plate collector as described above, wherein a heat-conducting condenser head in the solar flat plate collector extends into the water tank for conducting heat to the water in the water tank.

[0022] The present invention has the following technical advantages over the prior art:

[0023] This invention utilizes a heat-conducting phase change medium within capillary tubes, heat-conducting condenser tubes, and a heat-conducting condenser head to transfer heat to the higher heat-conducting condenser head. The small diameter of the capillary tubes allows for dense distribution within the metal plate, increasing heat transfer capacity. Furthermore, the heat-conducting phase change medium within the capillary tubes absorbs heat, rises rapidly, and then quickly flows back after condensation, accelerating overall heat conduction efficiency. Secondly, the inclusion of a heat-conducting phase change medium in the heat-conducting condenser tubes and condenser head also improves heat conduction efficiency. Simultaneously, the fully enclosed structure of the heat-conducting plate prevents leakage or evaporation of the heat-conducting phase change medium, overcoming the problem of continuous antifreeze replenishment. Moreover, the structure of the heat-conducting plate solves the problem of antifreeze protection for flat-plate solar panels in northern winters, offering excellent anti-scaling and maintenance-free performance. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a solar flat plate collector in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the heat-conducting plate, the heat-conducting condenser tube, and the condenser head in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat-conducting plate in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of a solar flat plate collector according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0030] 1. Heat-conducting plate; 10. Metal plate; 11. Capillary tube; 2. Heat-conducting condenser tube; 3. Heat-conducting condenser head; 4. Frame; 5. Thermal insulation layer; 6. Heat absorber; 7. Glass panel. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The purpose of this invention is to provide a solar flat plate collector and a solar water heater to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It can improve the heat conduction efficiency, overcome the problem of the need for continuous replenishment of antifreeze, and also has the excellent effects of preventing scaling and maintenance-free operation.

[0033] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Example 1:

[0035] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this embodiment provides a solar flat plate collector, including a heat-conducting plate 1, a heat-conducting condenser tube 2, and a heat-conducting condenser head 3. The heat-conducting plate 1 includes a metal plate body 10 and capillary tubes 11 disposed inside the metal plate body 10. Specifically, the metal plate body 10 is a square plate, and the capillary tubes 11 are parallel to the length direction of the square plate and are spaced apart inside the square plate. The two ends of the capillary tubes 11 are sealed, the inside of the capillary tubes 11 is a vacuum environment, and is filled with a heat-conducting phase change medium. The heat-conducting condenser tube 2 is attached and fixed to the end of the heat-conducting plate 1 along the edge of the heat-conducting plate 1, and is filled with a heat-conducting phase change medium. The heat-conducting condenser head 3 is connected to the heat-conducting condenser tube 2 and is used to be installed in the device to be heated (the device to be heated can be a water tank). The heat-conducting condenser head 3 is also filled with a heat-conducting phase change medium.

[0036] In use, the heat-conducting plate 1 is tilted, with an angle of 30° to 45°, adjusted according to local geographical location to ensure optimal solar radiation and absorption of solar heat. With the heat-conducting plate 1 tilted, the end containing the heat-conducting condenser plate and the heat-conducting condenser head 3 is located at the top of the heat-conducting plate 1. When the heat-conducting plate 1 absorbs solar heat and its temperature rises, the heat-conducting phase change medium in the capillary tube 11 changes from a liquid to a vapor state. The vapor moves upward along the capillary tube 11, transferring heat to the heat-conducting condenser tube 2 via thermal conduction through the metal plate 10. The vapor in the capillary tube 11 is pre-cooled, condensed, and refluxes. The heat-conducting phase change medium in the heat-conducting condenser tube 2 absorbs heat and undergoes a phase change, changing from a liquid to a vapor state. The vapor condenses at the location of the heat-conducting condenser head 3, heating the equipment to be heated.

[0037] Therefore, this embodiment utilizes the heat transfer phase change medium in the capillary tube 11, the heat-conducting condenser tube 2, and the heat-conducting condenser head 3 to transfer heat to the higher heat-conducting condenser head 3. Furthermore, the small diameter of the capillary tube 11 allows for dense distribution within the metal plate 10, increasing heat transfer capacity. The heat-conducting phase change medium in the capillary tube 11 absorbs heat and rises rapidly, then condenses and flows back quickly, accelerating overall heat transfer efficiency. Secondly, the inclusion of the heat-conducting phase change medium in the heat-conducting condenser tube 2 and the heat-conducting condenser head 3 also improves heat transfer efficiency. Simultaneously, the heat-conducting plate 1 has a fully enclosed structure, preventing leakage or evaporation of the heat-conducting phase change medium, thus overcoming the problem of continuous antifreeze replenishment. Moreover, the structure of the heat-conducting plate 1 solves the problem of antifreeze protection for flat-plate solar panels in northern winters, offering excellent anti-scaling and maintenance-free performance.

[0038] In this embodiment, the heat-conducting condenser tube 2 is a square tube, and one side of the square tube is attached to the surface of the heat-conducting plate 1 to increase the heat transfer efficiency between the heat-conducting condenser tube 2 and the heat-conducting plate 1. In this embodiment, the square tube is flat, and the length of the square tube is equal to the width of the heat-conducting plate 1.

[0039] In this embodiment, the axial direction of the heat-conducting condenser head 3 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the heat-conducting condenser tube 2, and the axial direction of the heat-conducting condenser head 3 is parallel to the surface of the heat-conducting plate 1.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment also includes a frame 4, a heat-conducting plate 1 is disposed inside the frame 4, and a through hole is provided on one of the side plates of the frame 4 for the heat-conducting condensing head 3 to extend out, the heat-conducting condensing head 3 extending into the device to be heated through the through hole.

[0041] In this embodiment, the frame 4 includes a base plate and side plates disposed at the edge of the base plate. Multiple side plates form a ring. Thermal insulation layers 5 are provided between the base plate and the heat-conducting plate 1, and between the side plates and the heat-conducting plate 1, to prevent heat from the heat-conducting plate 1 from dissipating into the outer ring and affecting heat conduction efficiency. The thermal insulation layer 5 can be made of insulation cotton. Alternatively, the frame 4 may not have a base plate, and the insulation cotton can be used directly as the base plate.

[0042] In this embodiment, a heat absorber 6 covers the top of the heat-conducting plate 1. As a specific example, the heat absorber 6 is a heat-absorbing coating applied to the upper surface of the metal plate 10; specifically, the heat-absorbing coating is a black chrome coating or a blue titanium coating. As another specific example, the heat absorber 6 is a heat-absorbing film adhered to or directly deposited on the upper surface of the metal plate 10. The heat absorber 6 has a low reflectivity to sunlight, thereby improving the absorption efficiency of solar radiation energy.

[0043] In this embodiment, a glass panel 7 is provided above the heat absorber 6. The glass panel is mainly used to protect the heat conduction plate 1 while also allowing light to pass through.

[0044] In this embodiment, the metal plate 10 is an aluminum plate; the heat-conducting condenser tube 2 and the heat-conducting condenser head 3 are both made of copper.

[0045] In this embodiment, the heat-conducting phase change medium in the capillary tube 11, the heat-conducting condenser tube 2, and the heat-conducting condenser head 3 is propylene glycol-based heat-conducting liquid.

[0046] Example 2:

[0047] This embodiment provides a solar water heater, including a water tank and the solar flat plate collector as in Embodiment 1. The heat-conducting condenser head 3 in the solar flat plate collector extends into the water tank for conducting heat to the water in the tank.

[0048] Any adaptive changes made according to actual needs are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0049] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A solar flat-plate collector, characterized in that, include: A heat-conducting plate, comprising a metal plate body and capillary channels disposed inside the metal plate body, wherein both ends of the capillary channels are sealed and a heat-conducting phase change medium is disposed inside the capillary channels; A thermally conductive condenser tube is attached and fixed to the end of the thermally conductive plate along the edge of the thermally conductive plate, and a thermally conductive phase change medium is disposed in the thermally conductive condenser tube. And a thermally conductive condensing head, which is connected to the thermally conductive condensing tube, is used to be installed in the equipment to be heated, and a thermally conductive phase change medium is provided inside the head of the thermally conductive condensing tube.

2. The solar flat-plate collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-conducting condenser tube is a square tube, and one side of the square tube is in contact with the surface of the heat-conducting plate.

3. The solar flat-plate collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial direction of the heat-conducting condenser head is perpendicular to the axial direction of the heat-conducting condenser tube, and the axial direction of the heat-conducting condenser head is parallel to the surface of the heat-conducting plate.

4. The solar flat-plate collector according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It also includes a frame, the heat-conducting plate is disposed within the frame, and one of the side plates of the frame is provided with a through hole for the heat-conducting condenser head to extend out.

5. The solar flat-plate collector according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom and sides of the heat-conducting plate are provided with heat insulation layers.

6. The solar flat-plate collector according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heat-conducting plate is covered with a heat absorber.

7. The solar flat-plate collector according to claim 6, characterized in that, A glass panel is provided above the heat absorber.

8. The solar flat-plate collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal plate is made of aluminum; the heat-conducting condenser tube and the heat-conducting condenser head are both made of copper.

9. The solar flat-plate collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-conducting phase change medium in the capillary tube, the heat-conducting condenser tube, and the heat-conducting condenser head is a propylene glycol-based heat-conducting liquid.

10. A solar water heater, characterized in that, include: Water tank; The solar flat plate collector according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the heat-conducting condenser head of the solar flat plate collector extends into the water tank for conducting heat to the water in the water tank.

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