Axial flow constant speed power output device for river channel and hydroelectric generator set

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of river with axial flow constant speed power output device and hydroelectric generator unit, belong to the technical field of hydroelectricity generation.A kind of river with axial flow constant speed power output device, including mutually connected constant speed adjusting assembly and axial flow drive assembly.Axial flow drive assembly first output shaft is connected with constant speed adjusting assembly.Constant speed adjusting assembly includes the second output shaft end portion is worn to the speed regulating box body outside and is connected with third connecting flange.A kind of hydroelectric generator unit, including generator, and the power input end of generator is connected with third connecting flange.The application can adapt to river flow variation and realize constant speed power output, and at the same time solve the problem of impurity blockage and mechanical loss, finally guarantee the stable and efficient operation of generator unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hydropower technology, specifically relating to an axial-flow constant speed power output device and a hydropower generator set for use in rivers. Background Technology

[0002] With the global trend towards a cleaner and lower-carbon energy structure, hydropower resources, as an important component of renewable energy, have attracted much attention for their development and utilization. Currently, hydropower development mainly falls into two categories: traditional drop-type hydropower stations relying on topographical differences, and flow-type hydropower devices utilizing the kinetic energy of natural river channels. Both methods have significant technical limitations in practical applications, making it difficult to meet the needs of efficient and flexible hydropower development in gentle river channels and areas with small to medium flow rates. Furthermore, existing river flow-type power output and generation equipment still have many performance shortcomings, hindering the large-scale utilization of river hydropower resources.

[0003] The existing technology of drop-type hydropower stations has limitations. Traditional drop-type hydropower stations are currently the mainstream form of large-scale hydropower generation. Their core principle is to build a dam to intercept water flow, creating a water level difference, and using the potential energy of the water flow generated by the drop to drive a turbine, which in turn drives a generator to produce electricity. However, this method has the following insurmountable drawbacks: Dam construction requires huge investments, involves complex engineering projects such as geological surveys and resettlement of displaced residents, and the construction period is usually several to more than ten years, resulting in a huge drain on regional economic and social resources. The construction of dams alters the hydrological conditions of natural river channels, blocks the migration routes of aquatic organisms such as fish, and disrupts the ecological balance of the basin; it may also lead to problems such as upstream siltation and downstream river drying, affecting the stability of the regional ecosystem. Due to strict topographical limitations, they can only be built in areas with large river drops. They are completely unsuitable for flat plains and tributaries with smaller drops, leaving a large amount of dispersed river hydropower resources idle. Dam operation relies on a stable water flow and needs to take into account multiple needs such as flood control and irrigation. Hydropower generation is often in a "passive adjustment" state and cannot flexibly adapt to power demand, thus limiting resource utilization efficiency.

[0004] To develop the hydropower resources of gentle river channels, existing technologies have developed river power output devices based on the axial flow principle. However, these devices cannot adapt to changes in water flow, resulting in large fluctuations in output speed. Current axial flow power output devices lack dynamic speed regulation mechanisms and can only output power by directly driving the shaft through the impeller. Since river flow velocity is significantly affected by seasons (such as flood season and dry season) and weather (such as rainfall and drought), changes in flow velocity directly cause synchronous fluctuations in output speed, making it impossible to provide a constant power input for downstream equipment (such as generators). Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an axial flow constant speed power output device and a hydroelectric generator set for river channels. The present invention can adapt to changes in river flow to achieve constant speed power output, while solving the problems of impurity blockage and mechanical loss, and ultimately ensuring the stable and efficient operation of the generator set.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve the problems existing in the prior art is:

[0007] A constant speed axial flow power output device for river channels includes a constant speed regulating assembly and an axial flow drive assembly that are interconnected.

[0008] The axial flow drive assembly includes an axial flow cylinder placed inside the river channel. An impeller is rotatably mounted in the middle of the axial flow cylinder. The impeller is connected to a gearbox via a first rotating shaft. After the gearbox achieves a rotational change, it is connected to a constant speed regulating assembly via a first output shaft.

[0009] The constant speed regulating assembly includes a speed regulating housing. Inside the speed regulating housing, there is a drive wheel and a frustum wheel that rotate. A synchronous belt is fitted between the drive wheel and the frustum wheel. The drive wheel is coaxially fixed with an input shaft that is connected to a first output shaft. The frustum wheel has a spline hole arranged axially at its center. A spline shaft is inserted into the spline hole. The spline shaft is coaxially fixed with a second output shaft. The end of the second output shaft extends to the outside of the speed regulating housing and is connected to a third connecting flange.

[0010] The speed control box is equipped with an adjustment device connected to the frustum wheel, which controls the frustum wheel to move axially along the spline shaft.

[0011] The timing belt is internally connected to a tensioning pulley, and there are limiting devices on both sides of the timing belt to prevent the timing belt from moving axially along the spline shaft with the frustum wheel.

[0012] Preferably, the gearbox includes a gearbox body, and a first worm gear and a first turbine gear are rotatably connected to each other inside the gearbox body. The first worm gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to a first rotating shaft, and the first turbine gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to a first output shaft.

[0013] The first rotating shaft and the first output shaft are arranged perpendicular to each other.

[0014] Preferably, the axial flow tube water inlet end cover is equipped with a filter cover, which is conical in shape and has filter holes on its surface.

[0015] Preferably, the frustum wheel has a retaining ring protruding from its large end, small end, or both large and small ends.

[0016] The adjustment device includes a servo motor, a screw, and a connecting frame.

[0017] The servo motor is fixed inside the speed control box by a bracket, and the screw is connected to the output end of the servo motor.

[0018] The connecting frame is fixed with several nut sleeves and annular grooves.

[0019] The nut is fitted onto the screw rod, and the two are connected by threads.

[0020] The annular groove is fitted onto the retaining ring, and the two are rotatably connected.

[0021] Preferably, two connecting frames are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the frustum wheel around the axis of the frustum wheel. The annular groove on the retaining ring is fixedly connected to the two connecting frames. The nut sleeves on the two connecting frames are threaded with a screw rod, and the screw rod is rotatably connected to the speed control box.

[0022] The output end of the servo motor is coaxially connected to a second rotating shaft, and two second worm gears are fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft. The second worm gears are meshed with a second turbine, and the second turbine is coaxially and fixedly connected to the screw.

[0023] Preferably, the inner end face of the synchronous belt is an abutting inclined surface with the same slope as the circumferential surface of the frustum wheel, and the two end faces of the synchronous belt are provided with grooves that are recessed inward.

[0024] The limiting device is connected to the timing belt via a slot.

[0025] Preferably, 2 to 5 limiting devices are arranged on the outside of the frustum wheel.

[0026] The limiting device includes a U-shaped frame with its opening facing the synchronous belt. Two rotating rollers are rotatably connected to the opening of the U-shaped frame, and the rotating tube is inserted into the slot.

[0027] A slide rod is fixed at one end of the U-shaped frame away from the timing belt, and the axis of the slide rod is arranged radially along the frustum wheel.

[0028] The speed control box is equipped with a sleeve inside, and the end of the slide rod away from the U-shaped frame is inserted into the sleeve.

[0029] Preferably, the inner side of the synchronous belt is provided with two tensioning pulleys arranged at intervals. The tensioning pulleys are rotatably connected to an adapter frame. A guide rod is provided on each side of the tensioning pulley. The adapter frame has a through hole at its end. The guide rod passes through the through hole. A spring base is fixed in the middle of the guide rod. A spring is provided between the spring base and the adapter frame. The spring is sleeved on the guide rod. A limiting ring is provided at the end of the guide rod. The two guide rods are fixedly connected by a fixing plate. The fixing plate is fixedly connected to the speed control box.

[0030] A hydroelectric generator set, based on the aforementioned axial-flow constant-speed power output device for river channels, includes a generator, the power input end of which is connected to a third connecting flange.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] (1) The dynamic speed adjustment system is used in conjunction with the linkage structure consisting of the drive wheel, the timing belt, and the frustum wheel, and the adjustment device with the servo motor, the speed sensor, the control module, and other components. By using the different outer diameters of the frustum wheel, the control module drives the servo motor to adjust the contact position between the frustum wheel and the timing belt according to the speed of the second output shaft detected by the speed sensor, thereby changing the speed ratio between the input shaft and the output shaft.

[0033] Regardless of changes in water flow velocity, the second output shaft speed remains constant or fluctuates within an allowable range, ensuring that the rotor of the subsequent generator set always rotates at a uniform speed and avoiding unstable power output caused by water flow fluctuations.

[0034] (2) A conical filter cover is installed at the water inlet of the axial flow tube. The filter holes on the surface can block debris and prevent it from entering the interior and damaging the impeller. The conical structure uses water flow to achieve self-cleaning. The trapped debris will be washed away by the water flow along the conical surface. There is no need for regular manual cleaning, which reduces the frequency of downtime maintenance, ensures continuous operation of the device, and effectively improves the impeller life.

[0035] (3) The inner side of the timing belt is provided with an abutting inclined surface that matches the circumferential surface of the round wheel. The roller of the limiting device is inserted into the timing belt slot, which not only ensures the limiting but also reduces the friction when the timing belt rotates. The tensioning wheel assembly automatically adjusts the tension through the spring to ensure stable contact between the timing belt and the round wheel and avoid slippage or excessive wear.

[0036] (4) Each component of the device adopts a standardized and modular design, which facilitates installation, disassembly and docking with the generator set.

[0037] All power transmission paths are connected using flanges or couplings, such as the first connecting flange of the first output shaft and the second connecting flange of the input shaft. During installation, they only need to be fixed with bolts, making the operation simple and adaptable to generator sets of different specifications.

[0038] (5) The generator rotor rotates at a constant speed, ensuring that the stator windings cut the magnetic field lines at a constant speed. This results in a more stable output voltage amplitude and frequency, preventing damage to power storage devices (such as batteries) caused by voltage and frequency fluctuations. Stable voltage and frequency meet grid connection standards, reducing grid connection difficulties caused by substandard power parameters and improving power utilization efficiency. Based on constant-speed power output, the power output quality of the generator set is directly improved, meeting the technical requirements for storage and grid connection. Attached Figure Description

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] Figure 1This is a structural diagram of an axial-flow constant-speed power output device for river channels, as described in this application.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a top view of an axial-flow constant-speed power output device for river channels according to this application.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a first cross-sectional view of the axial flow drive assembly in an axial flow constant speed power output device for river channels according to this application.

[0043] Figure 4 This is a second sectional view of the axial flow drive assembly in an axial flow constant speed power output device for river channels according to this application.

[0044] Figure 5 This is a first cross-sectional view of the constant speed regulating assembly in an axial-flow constant speed power output device for river channels according to this application.

[0045] Figure 6 This is a second sectional view of the constant speed regulating assembly in an axial-flow constant speed power output device for river channels according to this application.

[0046] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the regulating device in the constant speed regulating assembly of this application.

[0047] Figure 8 for Figure 7 sectional view,

[0048] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0049] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the linkage structure in the constant speed regulating assembly of this application.

[0050] Figure 11 for Figure 10 A partial sectional view,

[0051] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged view of a section at point B in the middle.

[0052] Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of the tensioner assembly in the constant speed regulating assembly of this application.

[0053] In the diagram: 1-Axial flow cylinder, 101-Base frame, 102-Support frame, 2-First rotating shaft, 3-Impeller, 4-First worm gear, 5-First turbine, 6-First output shaft, 601-First connecting flange, 7-Gearbox, 8-Filter cover, 9-Speed ​​control box, 10-Input shaft, 1001-Second connecting flange, 11-Drive wheel, 12-Folded wheel, 1201-Snap ring, 1202-Spline hole, 13-Tensioner, 14-Synchronous belt, 1401- 1402-Slot, 15-Second Output Shaft, 1501-Third Connecting Flange, 16-Spline Shaft, 17-Servo Motor, 18-Second Rotary Shaft, 19-Second Worm Gear, 20-Second Turbine Gear, 21-Screw, 22-Nut Sleeve, 23-Connecting Frame, 24-Annular Groove, 25-Adapter Frame, 26-Guide Rod, 2601-Limiting Ring, 27-Fixing Plate, 28-Spring, 29-Sleeve, 30-Slide Rod, 31-U-Shaped Frame, 32-Roller. Detailed Implementation

[0054] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which embodiments of this application belong. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the embodiments of this application.

[0055] Furthermore, the specification and claims of this invention use terms indicating direction, such as "front," "rear," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "side," "top," and "bottom," to describe various exemplary structural parts and elements of the invention. However, these terms are used herein merely for illustrative purposes and are determined based on the exemplary orientations shown in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, these terms indicating direction are for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as limitations. For example, "upper" and "lower" are not necessarily limited to directions opposite to or consistent with the direction of gravity.

[0056] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, provides a more detailed account of an axial-flow constant-speed power output device and a hydroelectric generator set for use in river channels according to the present invention.

[0057] Depend on Figures 1 to 13 As shown, an axial-flow constant speed power output device for river channels includes a constant speed regulating assembly and an axial-flow drive assembly that are interconnected.

[0058] The axial flow drive assembly includes an axial flow cylinder 1 placed inside the river channel, with the bottom of the axial flow cylinder 1 fixed by a base frame 101. An impeller 3 is rotatably mounted in the middle of the axial flow cylinder 1. The impeller 3 is connected to a gearbox via a first rotating shaft 2. After the gearbox achieves a change in rotation direction, it is connected to a constant speed regulating assembly via a first output shaft 6.

[0059] In this embodiment, the first rotating shaft 2 is rotatably connected to the axial flow cylinder 1 via several support frames 102, and the support frames 102 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the axial flow cylinder 1. Several sets of impellers 3 are sleeved on the first rotating shaft 2 and connected by locating pins or locating keys.

[0060] The gearbox includes a gearbox body 7, inside which a first worm gear 4 and a first turbine gear 5 are rotatably connected and meshed with each other. The first worm gear 4 is coaxially and fixedly connected to a first rotating shaft 2, and the first turbine gear 5 is coaxially and fixedly connected to a first output shaft 6.

[0061] The first rotating shaft 2 and the first output shaft 6 are arranged perpendicular to each other, and the end of the first output shaft 6 that passes through to the outside of the axial flow cylinder 1 is fixed with a first connecting flange 601.

[0062] Water flows through the axial flow tube 1, driving the impeller 3 to rotate and generate power. The rotating impeller 3 transmits power through the first shaft 2 and the gearbox to the first output shaft 6.

[0063] To prevent debris, such as tree branches, from entering the axial flow cylinder 1 and affecting the lifespan and performance of the impeller 3, a filter cover 8 is provided at the water inlet end of the axial flow cylinder 1 in this embodiment. The filter cover 8 is conical with filter holes on its surface. The filter cover 8 is fixedly connected to the flange at the front end of the axial flow cylinder 1 by bolts. Debris is blocked by the filter cover 8. Because the filter cover 8 is conical, the debris trapped by the filter cover 8 is guided by the filter cover 8 and washed away by the water flow, achieving self-cleaning of the outer surface of the filter cover 8 and ensuring the filtration effect.

[0064] The constant speed regulating assembly includes a speed regulating housing 9. Inside the speed regulating housing 9, a drive wheel 11 and a frustum wheel 12 are rotatably mounted. A synchronous belt 14 is fitted between the drive wheel 11 and the frustum wheel 12. The drive wheel 11 is coaxially fixed with an input shaft 10 connected to the first output shaft 6. The end of the input shaft 10 is provided with a second connecting flange 1001. The first connecting flange 601 and the second connecting flange 1001 are connected by bolts or a coupling.

[0065] The center of the round wheel 12 is provided with a spline hole 1202 arranged coaxially along the axis. A spline shaft 16 is inserted into the spline hole 1202. The spline shaft 16 is coaxially fixedly connected to a second output shaft 15. The end of the second output shaft 15 passes through to the outside of the speed control box 9 and is connected to a third connecting flange 1501.

[0066] The speed control box 9 is equipped with an adjustment device connected to the frustum wheel 12. The adjustment device controls the frustum wheel 12 to move axially along the spline shaft 16.

[0067] The timing belt 14 is internally connected to a tensioning pulley 13, and the timing belt 14 is provided with limiting devices on both sides. The limiting devices prevent the timing belt 14 from moving axially along the spline shaft 16 with the frustum wheel 12.

[0068] The first output shaft 6 transmits power to the input shaft 10, causing the input shaft 10 to rotate. This, in turn, drives the frustum wheel 12 to rotate via the drive wheel 11 and the timing belt 14. Since the outer diameters of the different sections on the frustum wheel 12 are different, the speed ratio between the second output shaft 15 and the first output shaft 6 can be changed by adjusting the contact position between the frustum wheel 12 and the timing belt 14 through the adjustment device.

[0069] Because the water flow inside the river is affected by seasonal weather and other factors, the flow velocity is variable. By changing the speed ratio between the second output shaft 15 and the first output shaft 6, the speed of the second output shaft 15 can be kept constant or varied within an allowable range.

[0070] The frustum wheel 12 has a retaining ring 1201 protruding from its large end, small end, or both ends. The adjustment device includes a servo motor 17, a screw 21, and a connecting frame 23. The servo motor 17 is fixed inside the speed control box 9 by a bracket, and the screw 21 is connected to the output end of the servo motor 17.

[0071] The connecting frame 23 is fixed with a number of nut sleeves 22 and annular grooves 24. The nut sleeves 22 are fitted onto the screw 21 and the two are threaded together. The annular grooves 24 are fitted onto the retaining ring 1201 and the two are rotatably connected.

[0072] In order to ensure that the force is evenly distributed when pushing the truncated wheel 12 and to complete the movement better, in this embodiment, two connecting frames 23 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the truncated wheel 12 around the axis of the truncated wheel 12. The annular groove 24 sleeved on the retaining ring 1201 is fixedly connected to the two connecting frames 23. The nut sleeves 22 on the two connecting frames 23 are respectively threaded with a screw 21, and the screw 21 is rotatably connected to the speed regulating box 9.

[0073] To ensure that the two screws 21 can rotate synchronously, the output end of the servo motor 17 is coaxially connected to a second rotating shaft 18. Two second worm gears 19 are fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft 18. The second worm gears 19 are meshed with a second turbine 20. The second turbine 20 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the screws 21.

[0074] Inside the speed control housing 9, there is a power supply assembly, a control module, and a speed sensor. The speed sensor detects the speed of the second output shaft 15 and transmits the detection signal to the control module. The control module controls the servo motor 17 to work according to the speed and adjusts the position of the truncated wheel 12.

[0075] In order to maintain the friction between the timing belt 14 and the frustum wheel 12 after the timing belt 14 is displaced, the inner end face of the timing belt 14 is an abutting inclined surface 1401 with the same slope as the circumferential surface of the frustum wheel 12, and the two end faces of the timing belt 14 are provided with grooves 1402 that are recessed inward.

[0076] Two to five limiting devices are arranged on the outside of the frustum wheel 12, and the limiting devices are connected to the timing belt 14 through the slot 1402.

[0077] The limiting device includes a U-shaped frame 31 with its opening facing the synchronous belt 14. Two rotating rollers 32 are rotatably connected to the opening of the U-shaped frame 31. The rotating tube 32 is inserted into the slot 1402.

[0078] A slide rod 30 is fixed at one end of the U-shaped frame 31 away from the synchronous belt 14, and the axis of the slide rod 30 is arranged radially along the frustum wheel 12.

[0079] The speed control box 9 is fixedly provided with a sleeve 29, and the end of the slide rod 30 facing away from the U-shaped frame 31 is inserted into the sleeve 29.

[0080] The roller 32 abuts against the synchronous belt 14, which can reduce the frictional force generated by the limiting device when the synchronous belt 14 rotates.

[0081] The sleeve 29 allows the slide bar 30 to move only along its axial direction and not along the axial direction of the frustum wheel 12. The clamping of the U-shaped frame 31 and the rotating roller 32 ensures that the inner diameter of the area where the synchronous belt 14 abuts the frustum wheel 12 can only expand or shrink during the movement of the frustum wheel 12.

[0082] The inner side of the synchronous belt 14 is provided with a tensioning wheel assembly consisting of two spaced tensioning wheels 13. The tensioning wheels 13 are rotatably connected to an adapter frame 25. A guide rod 26 is provided on each side of the tensioning wheel 13. The adapter frame 25 has a through hole at its end, through which the guide rod 26 passes. A spring base is fixed in the middle of the guide rod 26. A spring 28 is provided between the spring base and the adapter frame 25. The spring 28 is sleeved on the guide rod 26. A limiting ring 2601 is provided at the end of the guide rod 26. The two guide rods 26 are fixedly connected by a fixing plate 27. The fixing plate 27 is fixedly connected to the speed control box 9.

[0083] A hydroelectric generator set, based on the above-mentioned axial flow constant speed power output device for river channels, includes a generator, the power input end of which is connected to a third connecting flange 1501.

[0084] Water flows through the axial drive assembly to generate power. The power is then passed through the constant speed regulating assembly to achieve a constant speed output of the second output shaft 15. Thus, regardless of changes in the water flow speed, the generator rotor can rotate at a uniform speed.

[0085] The rotational stability of the generator rotor directly determines the core performance of the power generation system. Compared with variable speed rotation, uniform rotor rotation can ensure power generation quality, extend equipment life, and reduce energy consumption.

[0086] Stable rotor speed allows the stator windings to cut magnetic field lines at a constant speed, resulting in a more stable output voltage amplitude, which facilitates power storage and grid connection.

[0087] Variable speed rotation places an additional burden on the mechanical system, while uniform speed operation can significantly reduce losses.

[0088] During speed changes, the rotor and related components such as bearings, couplings, and gears will be subjected to frequent speed change impacts, generating dynamic loads and severe vibrations, which accelerates the wear of parts.

[0089] When operating at a constant speed, the mechanical system experiences uniform force and small vibration amplitude, which can avoid problems such as bearing overheating and abnormal gear meshing, reduce maintenance frequency and downtime, and extend the overall life of the machine.

[0090] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A constant-speed axial-flow power output device for river channels, characterized in that: This includes an interconnected constant speed regulating assembly and an axial flow drive assembly; The axial flow drive assembly includes an axial flow cylinder (1) placed inside the river channel. An impeller (3) is rotatably provided in the middle of the axial flow cylinder (1). The impeller (3) is connected to the gearbox through a first rotating shaft (2). After the gearbox achieves rotational reversal, it is connected to the constant speed regulating assembly through a first output shaft (6). The gearbox includes a gearbox body (7), and a first worm (4) and a first turbine (5) are rotatably connected to each other inside the gearbox body (7). The first worm (4) is coaxially fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft (2), and the first turbine (5) is coaxially fixedly connected to the first output shaft (6). The first rotating shaft (2) and the first output shaft (6) are arranged perpendicular to each other; The constant speed regulating assembly includes a speed regulating housing (9), inside which a drive wheel (11) and a frustum wheel (12) are rotatably mounted. A synchronous belt (14) is fitted between the drive wheel (11) and the frustum wheel (12). The drive wheel (11) is coaxially fixedly mounted with an input shaft (10) connected to the first output shaft (6). The frustum wheel (12) has a spline hole (1202) arranged axially at its center. A spline shaft (16) is inserted into the spline hole (1202). A second output shaft (15) is coaxially fixedly connected to the spline shaft (16). The end of the second output shaft (15) extends to the outside of the speed regulating housing (9) and is connected to a third connecting flange (1501). The speed control box (9) is equipped with an adjustment device connected to the truncated disc wheel (12). The adjustment device controls the truncated disc wheel (12) to move along the axial direction of the spline shaft (16). The inner end face of the synchronous belt (14) is an abutting inclined surface (1401) with the same slope as the circumferential surface of the truncated wheel (12), so as to maintain the friction between the synchronous belt (14) and the truncated wheel (12) after the truncated wheel (12) is displaced; The timing belt (14) is internally connected to a tensioning pulley (13), and the timing belt (14) is provided with limiting devices on both sides. The limiting devices prevent the timing belt (14) from moving axially along the spline shaft (16) with the frustum wheel (12). The frustum wheel (12) has a retaining ring (1201) protruding on its large end, small end, or both large and small ends. The adjustment device includes a servo motor (17), a screw (21), and a connecting frame (23); The servo motor (17) is fixed inside the speed control box (9) by a bracket, and the screw (21) is connected to the output end of the servo motor (17); The connecting frame (23) is fixed with a number of nut sleeves (22) and an annular groove (24); The nut sleeve (22) is fitted onto the screw (21), and the two are connected by threads; The annular groove (24) is fitted onto the retaining ring (1201), and the two are rotatably connected; Two connecting frames (23) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the truncated cone wheel (12) around the axis of the truncated cone wheel (12). The ring groove (24) sleeved on the retaining ring (1201) is fixedly connected to the two connecting frames (23). The nut sleeve (22) on the two connecting frames (23) is threaded with a screw (21). The screw (21) is rotatably connected to the speed control box (9). The output end of the servo motor (17) is coaxially connected to a second rotating shaft (18), and two second worm gears (19) are fixedly connected on the second rotating shaft (18). The second worm gears (19) are meshed with a second turbine (20), and the second turbine (20) is coaxially fixedly connected to the screw (21). Inside the speed control box (9) are a power supply assembly, a control module and a speed sensor. The speed sensor detects the speed of the second output shaft (15) and transmits the detection signal to the control module. The control module controls the servo motor (17) to work according to the speed and adjusts the position of the truncated wheel (12).

2. The axial-flow constant-speed power output device for river channels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial flow tube (1) has a filter cover (8) at the water inlet end. The filter cover (8) is conical and has filter holes on its surface.

3. The axial-flow constant-speed power output device for river channels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The timing belt (14) has grooves (1402) recessed on both sides, and the limiting device is connected to the timing belt (14) through the grooves (1402).

4. The axial-flow constant-speed power output device for river channels according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two to five limiting devices are arranged on the outside of the frustum wheel (12); The limiting device includes a U-shaped frame (31) with its opening facing the synchronous belt (14). Two rotating rollers (32) are rotatably connected to the opening of the U-shaped frame (31). The rotating rollers (32) are inserted into the slot (1402). A slide rod (30) is fixed at one end of the U-shaped frame (31) away from the synchronous belt (14), and the axis of the slide rod (30) is arranged radially along the truncated wheel (12); The speed control box (9) is fixedly provided with a sleeve (29), and the end of the slide rod (30) facing away from the U-shaped frame (31) is inserted into the sleeve (29).

5. The axial-flow constant-speed power output device for river channels according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two tensioning rollers (13) are arranged at intervals on the inner side of the synchronous belt (14). The tensioning rollers (13) are rotatably connected to the adapter frame (25). A guide rod (26) is provided on each side of the tensioning rollers (13). The adapter frame (25) has a through hole at its end. The guide rod (26) passes through the through hole. A spring base is fixed in the middle of the guide rod (26). A spring (28) is provided between the spring base and the adapter frame (25). The spring (28) is sleeved on the guide rod (26). A limiting ring (2601) is provided at the end of the guide rod (26). The two guide rods (26) are fixedly connected by a fixing plate (27). The fixing plate (27) is fixedly connected to the speed control box (9).

6. A hydroelectric generator set, based on the axial-flow constant-speed power output device for river channels as described in claim 1, comprising a generator, characterized in that: The power input end of the generator is connected to the third connecting flange (1501).

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