A folding straw pulverizing and field returning machine

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of equipment for folding straw smashing and returning to field, and particularly relates to a folding straw smashing and returning to field machine, which comprises a portal frame, and a folding frame rotatably connected to each side of the portal frame; a pair of folding frames are connected with a smashing and returning to field device, and the portal frame is provided with a driving device for driving the pair of smashing and returning to field devices; the smashing and returning to field device comprises a frame fixedly connected with the folding frame, a shaft pipe rotatably connected to the frame, and smashing knives uniformly distributed on the shaft pipe; a driving shaft is rotatably connected to the shaft pipe, and a plurality of cleaning devices are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the shaft pipe and connected to the driving shaft; each of the plurality of cleaning devices comprises a plurality of cleaning blocks uniformly distributed along the circumference, and the plurality of cleaning blocks can slide along the radial direction of the shaft pipe while rotating; the present application effectively solves the problem that the existing folding straw smashing and returning to field machine is not easy to clean.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of straw returning equipment, specifically relating to a folding straw crushing and returning machine. Background Technology

[0002] Straw crushing and returning machines are important agricultural machines, mainly used to crush and evenly spread the straw (such as wheat, corn, rice, etc.) left after harvesting back into the field, realizing the resource utilization of straw. Folding straw crushing and returning machines solve the contradiction between wide-area operation and convenient transportation through structural innovation (such as double folding design) on the basis of traditional straw crushing and returning machines, making them particularly suitable for large-scale agricultural operations.

[0003] Straw crushing and returning machines use high-speed rotating crushing blades to shred upright or laid-out straw into short segments of 5-10cm. The crushed straw is then evenly spread on the ground by a spreading device to prevent accumulation and subsequent cultivation. However, in actual use, due to the variety of items in the farmland, plastic bags, soil, and straw can easily stick to the shaft tube and crushing blades. While the adhesion on the crushing blades can be cleaned by running the machine idle, the adhesion between the shaft tube and the crushing blades, as well as between adjacent crushing blades, is difficult to clean, affecting the straw returning effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a folding straw crushing and returning machine, which effectively solves the problem of the existing folding straw crushing and returning machine being difficult to clean.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a folding straw crushing and returning machine, comprising a gantry frame, with folding frames rotatably connected to both sides of the gantry frame; a crushing and returning device is connected to each pair of folding frames, and a drive device for driving the pair of crushing and returning devices is provided on the gantry frame; the crushing and returning device includes a frame fixedly connected to the folding frames, a shaft tube rotatably connected to the frame, and crushing blades evenly distributed on the shaft tube; a drive shaft is rotatably connected to the shaft tube, and a plurality of cleaning devices evenly distributed along the axial direction of the shaft tube are connected to the drive shaft; each of the plurality of cleaning devices includes a plurality of cleaning blocks evenly distributed along the circumference, and the plurality of cleaning blocks can slide radially along the shaft tube while rotating.

[0006] Furthermore, a folding hydraulic rod is rotatably connected to the gantry frame, and the telescopic end of the folding hydraulic rod is rotatably connected to the folding frame.

[0007] Furthermore, the drive device includes a gearbox mounted on a gantry frame, and the output end of the gearbox is connected to a pair of universal couplings; the output ends of the pair of universal couplings are each connected to a drive pulley, and the shaft tube is coaxially connected to a driven pulley, with a belt on the drive pulley that cooperates with the driven pulley.

[0008] Furthermore, a weed-removing frame is fixedly connected to the gantry frame, and a pair of weed-removing wheels, each corresponding to a pair of the aforementioned crushing and returning-to-field devices, are rotatably connected to the weed-removing frame.

[0009] Furthermore, a movable cover plate is rotatably connected to the frame, and an adjusting hydraulic rod is rotatably connected to the frame, with the telescopic end of the adjusting hydraulic rod rotatably connected to the movable cover plate; a pressure roller is rotatably connected to the frame, and the pressure roller is located on the side of the movable cover plate away from the gantry.

[0010] Furthermore, the cleaning device includes a mounting cylinder, with mounting rods evenly distributed along the circumference at one end of the mounting cylinder, and mounting holes that mate with the mounting rods evenly distributed along the circumference at the other end of the mounting cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, a large bevel gear is connected to the drive shaft, and multiple small bevel gears mesh with the large bevel gear; a mounting bracket is connected to the mounting cylinder, and the multiple small bevel gears are rotatably connected to the mounting bracket; each of the multiple small bevel gears is connected to a lifting spline shaft, and a lifting spline cylinder is slidably connected to the lifting spline shaft; the cleaning block is detachably connected to the lifting spline cylinder; and a lifting structure is connected to the lifting spline shaft, which can drive the lifting spline cylinder to slide along the lifting spline shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the lifting structure includes a transmission worm gear coaxially fixed to the lifting spline shaft, and a transmission worm wheel meshing on the transmission worm gear; a crank coaxially fixed to the transmission worm wheel, and a connecting rod rotatably connected to the crank; a rocker arm rotatably connected inside the mounting cylinder, and the connecting rod rotatably connected to the middle of the rocker arm; an output rod rotatably connected to the rocker arm, and an output cylinder rotatably connected to the output rod, with the lifting spline cylinder rotatably connected to the output cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, a mounting spline shaft is fixedly connected to the lifting spline cylinder, and a mounting spline cylinder that mates with the mounting spline shaft is fixedly connected to the cleaning block. A mounting bolt that is screwed onto the cleaning block is also provided.

[0014] Furthermore, the movable cover plate is provided with multiple sets of insert knife assemblies, each set of insert knife assemblies including several U-shaped insert knives evenly distributed along the axial direction of the shaft tube; the movable cover plate is provided with insertion holes that cooperate with the insert knives, and a square tube for fixing the insert knives is detachably connected to the movable cover plate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. When in use, the present invention drives the folding frame to rotate along the gantry frame by extending and retracting the folding hydraulic rod. The folding frame drives the crushing and returning device to the field to fold, which not only enables the present invention to adapt to wide-area operations, but also makes transportation convenient and improves the adaptability of the present invention.

[0016] 2. When in use, the present invention rotates while the cleaning block slides radially along the shaft tube. Through the rotation and radial action of the cleaning block, the adhesion between the crushing blades is cleaned, and the soil and plastic bags adhering to the adjacent crushing blades are cleaned. Thus, the cleaning effect of this application not only includes rotational traction, but also radial extension and contraction traction, thereby improving the cleaning effect of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is the first isometric view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the second isometric view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the assembly state of the shaft tube, cleaning device, and other structures in this invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view showing the assembly state of the shaft tube, cleaning device, and other structures in this invention; Figure 6 This is a first isometric view of the cleaning device in this invention; Figure 7 This is a second isometric view of the cleaning device in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the engagement state of the large bevel gear, small bevel gear, transmission worm, transmission worm wheel, crank, connecting rod, lifting spline cylinder, cleaning block, and other structures in this invention. Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the structures in this invention, including the transmission worm gear, lifting spline shaft, lifting spline cylinder, mounting spline shaft, mounting spline cylinder, and cleaning block. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the engagement state of the movable cover plate, insert blade, and other structures in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded state of the movable cover plate, insert knife, square tube, and other structures in this invention. Figure 12 In this invention Figure 11 Enlarged view of region A in the middle; In the diagram: 1. Gantry frame, 2. Folding hydraulic rod, 3. Folding frame, 4. Universal coupling, 5. Frame, 6. First telescopic shell, 7. Second telescopic shell, 8. Weeding wheel, 9. Movable cover plate, 10. Gearbox, 11. Adjusting hydraulic rod, 12. Pressure roller, 13. Protective cover, 14. Shaft tube, 15. Crushing blade, 16. Cleaning block, 17. Nut, 18. Transmission worm gear, 19. Transmission worm wheel, 20. Mounting cylinder, 21. Mounting rod, 22. Crank, 23. Connecting rod, 24. Rocker arm, 25. Output rod, 26. Mounting hole, 27. Mounting bolt, 28. Mounting spline cylinder, 29. Lifting spline cylinder, 30. Output cylinder, 31. Drive shaft, 32. Large bevel gear, 33. Small bevel gear, 34. Lifting spline shaft, 35. Mounting spline shaft, 36. Cutting knife, 37. Square tube, 38. Gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0018] A folding straw crushing and returning machine, such as Figure 1-12 As shown, the device includes a gantry frame 1, with folding frames 3 rotatably connected to both sides of the gantry frame 1; a folding hydraulic rod 2 is rotatably connected to the gantry frame 1, and the telescopic end of the folding hydraulic rod 2 is rotatably connected to the folding frame 3; a crushing and returning device is connected to each pair of folding frames 3, and a drive device for driving the pair of crushing and returning devices is provided on the gantry frame 1; the extension and retraction of the folding hydraulic rod 2 drives the folding frame 3 to rotate along the gantry frame 1, and the folding frame 3 drives the crushing and returning devices to fold, making this application not only adaptable to wide-area operations, but also convenient for transportation, thus improving the adaptability of this application; the drive device drives the pair of crushing and returning devices to operate, realizing the crushing and returning of straw to the field.

[0019] Furthermore, the pulverizing and returning-to-field device includes a frame 5 fixedly connected to the folding frame 3, a shaft tube 14 rotatably connected to the frame 5, and pulverizing blades 15 evenly distributed on the shaft tube 14; the shaft tube 14 is driven to rotate by a drive device, and the shaft tube 14 pulverizes and returns the straw to the field through the pulverizing blades 15; a drive shaft 31 is rotatably connected to the shaft tube 14, and several cleaning devices evenly distributed along the axial direction of the shaft tube 14 are connected to the drive shaft 31; a nut 17 can be connected to the drive shaft 31, and the operator can connect the nut 17 with a power tool to drive the drive shaft 31 to rotate. The cleaning device includes multiple cleaning blocks 16 evenly distributed along the circumference. The multiple cleaning blocks 16 can slide radially along the shaft tube 14 while rotating. The cleaning blocks 16 have a cross structure. By sliding radially along the shaft tube 14 and rotating simultaneously, the cleaning blocks 16 remove the adhesion between the crushing blades 15 and clean the soil and plastic bags adhering to adjacent crushing blades 15. This makes the cleaning effect of this application not only include rotational pulling but also radial extension and contraction pulling, thereby improving the cleaning effect of this application.

[0020] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the drive device includes a gearbox 10 mounted on the gantry 1, and a pair of universal couplings 4 connected to the output end of the gearbox 10. Each pair of universal couplings 4 has a drive pulley connected to its output end, and a driven pulley is coaxially connected to the shaft tube 14. The drive pulley is equipped with a belt that engages with the driven pulley. As the folding frame 3 rotates, the universal couplings 4 synchronously retract and rotate, enabling the gearbox 10 to drive the drive pulley to rotate via the universal couplings 4. The drive pulley drives the driven pulley to rotate via the belt, and the driven pulley drives the shaft tube 14 to rotate. Additionally, a first telescopic shell 6 is rotatably connected to the frame 5, and a second telescopic shell 7 is rotatably connected to the gearbox 10 and slidably connected to the first telescopic shell 6. The first telescopic shell 6 and the second telescopic shell 7 cooperate to protect the universal couplings 4. When the universal couplings 4 retract, the first telescopic shell 6 and the second telescopic shell 7 slide relative to each other. The frame 5 is equipped with a protective cover 13 to protect the drive pulley, driven pulley, etc.

[0021] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, a straw-removing frame is fixedly connected to the gantry frame 1, and a pair of straw-removing wheels 8 are rotatably connected to the straw-removing frame, which correspond to a pair of straw-returning devices respectively; the straw-removing wheels 8 are used to move the straw and grass towards a pair of straw-returning devices for crushing and returning to the field.

[0022] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, a movable cover plate 9 is rotatably connected to the frame 5, and an adjusting hydraulic rod 11 is rotatably connected to the frame 5. The telescopic end of the adjusting hydraulic rod 11 is rotatably connected to the movable cover plate 9. During the straw crushing process, the movable cover plate 9 covers the straw to prevent it from flying upwards. A pressure roller 12 is rotatably connected to the frame 5. The pressure roller 12 is located on the side of the movable cover plate 9 away from the gantry frame 1. The pressure roller 12 compacts the crushed straw so that it can be better returned to the field.

[0023] Furthermore, the cleaning device includes a mounting cylinder 20, with mounting rods 21 evenly distributed around one end of the mounting cylinder 20 and mounting holes 26 evenly distributed around the other end of the mounting cylinder 20 to mate with the mounting rods 21. The cleaning device is installed inside the shaft tube 14 through the mounting cylinder 20, and the mounting rods 21 mate with the mounting holes 26 to connect adjacent mounting cylinders 20 end to end, thereby improving the stability of the cleaning device. Both ends of the shaft tube 14 are connected to shaft discs, which press and fix the mounting cylinders 20 inside the shaft tube 14. Rotating shafts are connected to the shaft discs, one of which is connected to the driven pulley by a key, and the other is rotatably connected to the frame 5.

[0024] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, a large bevel gear 32 is connected to the drive shaft 31, and multiple small bevel gears 33 mesh with the large bevel gear 32; a mounting bracket is connected to the mounting cylinder 20, and the multiple small bevel gears 33 are rotatably connected to the mounting bracket; each of the multiple small bevel gears 33 is connected to a lifting spline shaft 34, and a lifting spline cylinder 29 is slidably connected to the lifting spline shaft 34; the cleaning block 16 is detachably connected to the lifting spline cylinder 29; and a lifting structure is connected to the lifting spline shaft 34, which can drive the lifting spline cylinder 29 to slide along the lifting spline shaft 34.

[0025] When the drive shaft 31 rotates, the drive shaft 31 drives the small bevel gear 33 to rotate through the large bevel gear 32. The small bevel gear 33 drives the lifting spline shaft 34 to rotate. The lifting spline shaft 34 drives the lifting spline cylinder 29 to rotate. The lifting spline cylinder 29 drives the cleaning block 16 to rotate. At the same time as the cleaning block 16 rotates, the lifting structure drives the lifting spline cylinder 29 to slide along the lifting spline shaft 34. The lifting spline cylinder 29 drives the cleaning block 16 to reciprocate up and down.

[0026] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 As shown, the lifting structure includes a transmission worm gear 18 coaxially fixed to the lifting spline shaft 34, and a transmission worm wheel 19 meshing on the transmission worm gear 18; a crank 22 coaxially fixed to the transmission worm wheel 19, and a connecting rod 23 rotatably connected to the crank 22; a rocker arm 24 rotatably connected inside the mounting cylinder 20, and the connecting rod 23 rotatably connected to the middle of the rocker arm 24; an output rod 25 rotatably connected to the rocker arm 24, and an output cylinder 30 rotatably connected to the output rod 25; and a lifting spline cylinder 29 rotatably connected to the output cylinder 30.

[0027] When the lifting structure is in use, the lifting spline shaft 34 rotates, which drives the transmission worm gear 18 to rotate, and the transmission worm gear 18 drives the transmission worm wheel 19 to rotate; the transmission worm wheel 19 drives the crank 22 to rotate, and the crank 22, connecting rod 23, and rocker 24 together form a crank 22 rocker 24 mechanism, so that the crank 22 can drive the rocker 24 to swing back and forth through the connecting rod 23; the rocker 24 drives the output cylinder 30 to move back and forth through the output rod 25, and the output cylinder 30 drives the lifting spline cylinder 29 to slide along the lifting spline shaft 34.

[0028] Furthermore, such as Figure 9 As shown, a mounting spline shaft 35 is fixedly connected to the lifting spline cylinder 29, and a mounting spline cylinder 28 that mates with the mounting spline shaft 35 is fixedly connected to the cleaning block 16. A mounting bolt 27 that is screwed onto the cleaning block 16 and connected to the mounting spline shaft 35 is provided. The mounting spline cylinder 28 and the mounting spline shaft 35 are used to position the cleaning block 16. The mounting bolt 27 is screwed onto the mounting spline shaft 35 to fix the cleaning block 16 and achieve a detachable connection between the cleaning block 16 and the lifting spline cylinder 29.

[0029] Furthermore, such as Figure 10-12 As shown, the movable cover plate 9 is provided with multiple sets of insert blade assemblies, each set of insert blade assemblies including several U-shaped insert blades 36 evenly distributed along the axial direction of the shaft tube; the insert blades 36 are provided to improve the straw crushing effect; the movable cover plate 9 is provided with insertion holes that cooperate with the insert blades 36, and a square tube 37 for fixing the insert blades 36 is detachably connected to the movable cover plate 9, with a gasket 38 between the square tube 37 and the insert blades 36; the movable cover plate 9, the square tube 37, and the gasket 38 are all provided with through holes, and bolts are used to connect the movable cover plate 9, the square tube 37, and the gasket 38; the insert blades 36 are fixed by the cooperation of the square tube 37, the gasket 38, and the bolts, making it easy to disassemble the insert blades 36 and improving the convenience of replacing the insert blades 36 in this application.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown below, the working process of the present invention will be explained in detail.

[0031] In use, the folding frame 3 rotates along the gantry frame 1 by extending and retracting the folding hydraulic rod 2, and the folding frame 3 drives the frame 5 to rotate, thereby realizing the folding and unfolding of this application; during the rotation of the folding frame 3, the universal coupling 4 retracts and rotates synchronously; when the straw is crushed and returned to the field, the tractor drives the universal coupling 4 to rotate through the gearbox 10, the universal coupling 4 drives the drive pulley to rotate, the drive pulley drives the shaft tube 14 to rotate through the driven pulley, and the shaft tube 14 crushes and returns the straw to the field through the crushing blade 15.

[0032] When cleaning is required after use, the power tool is connected to the nut 17, which in turn drives the drive shaft 31 to rotate. The drive shaft 31 drives the small bevel gear 33 to rotate through the large bevel gear 32. The small bevel gear 33 drives the lifting spline shaft 34 to rotate. The lifting spline shaft 34 drives the lifting spline cylinder 29 to rotate. The lifting spline cylinder 29 drives the cleaning block 16 to rotate.

[0033] Meanwhile, the lifting spline shaft 34 drives the transmission worm gear 18 to rotate, and the transmission worm gear 18 drives the transmission worm wheel 19 to rotate; the transmission worm wheel 19 drives the crank 22 to rotate, and the crank 22, connecting rod 23, and rocker 24 together form a crank 22 rocker 24 mechanism, so that the crank 22 can drive the rocker 24 to swing back and forth through the connecting rod 23; the rocker 24 drives the output cylinder 30 to move back and forth through the output rod 25, and the output cylinder 30 drives the lifting spline cylinder 29 to slide along the lifting spline shaft 34; while the cleaning block 16 slides radially along the shaft tube 14, it also rotates. Through the rotation and radial action of the cleaning block 16, the adhesion between the crushing blades 15 is cleaned, and the soil and plastic bags adhering to the adjacent crushing blades 15 are cleaned. This makes the cleaning effect of this application not only include rotational traction, but also radial extension and contraction traction, thereby improving the cleaning effect of this application.

Claims

1. A folding straw crushing and returning machine, comprising a gantry frame (1), with folding frames (3) rotatably connected to both sides of the gantry frame (1); a crushing and returning device is connected to each pair of folding frames (3), and a driving device for driving the pair of crushing and returning devices is provided on the gantry frame (1); characterized in that: The crushing and returning device includes a frame (5) fixedly connected to a folding frame (3), a shaft tube (14) rotatably connected to the frame (5), and crushing blades (15) evenly distributed on the shaft tube (14); a drive shaft (31) rotatably connected to the shaft tube (14), and a plurality of cleaning devices evenly distributed along the axial direction of the shaft tube (14) connected to the drive shaft (31); each of the cleaning devices includes a plurality of cleaning blocks (16) evenly distributed along the circumference, and the plurality of cleaning blocks (16) can slide radially along the shaft tube (14) while rotating; a large bevel gear (32) is connected to the drive shaft (31), and a plurality of small bevel gears (33) mesh on the large bevel gear (32); a mounting frame is connected to the mounting cylinder (20), and the plurality of small bevel gears (33) are rotatably connected to the mounting frame; the plurality of small bevel gears (33) are all connected to a lifting spline shaft (34), and the lifting spline shaft (34) A lifting spline cylinder (29) is slidably connected to the upper part. The cleaning block (16) is detachably connected to the lifting spline cylinder (29). A lifting structure that can drive the lifting spline cylinder (29) to slide along the lifting spline shaft (34) is connected to the lifting spline shaft (34). The lifting structure includes a transmission worm (18) coaxially fixed to the lifting spline shaft (34). A transmission worm wheel (19) meshes on the transmission worm (18). A crank (22) is coaxially fixed to the transmission worm wheel (19). A connecting rod (23) is rotatably connected to the crank (22). A rocker arm (24) is rotatably connected inside the mounting cylinder (20). The connecting rod (23) is rotatably connected to the middle part of the rocker arm (24). An output rod (25) is rotatably connected to the rocker arm (24). An output cylinder (30) is rotatably connected to the output rod (25). The lifting spline cylinder (29) is rotatably connected to the output cylinder (30).

2. The folding straw crushing and returning machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A folding hydraulic rod (2) is rotatably connected to the gantry frame (1), and the telescopic end of the folding hydraulic rod (2) is rotatably connected to the folding frame (3).

3. The folding straw crushing and returning machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The drive device includes a gearbox (10) mounted on a gantry (1), and the output end of the gearbox (10) is connected to a pair of universal couplings (4); the output ends of the pair of universal couplings (4) are each connected to a drive pulley, and the shaft tube (14) is coaxially connected to a driven pulley, and the drive pulley is provided with a belt that cooperates with the driven pulley.

4. The folding straw crushing and returning machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A weeding frame is fixedly connected to the gantry frame (1), and a pair of weeding wheels (8) corresponding to a pair of the crushing and returning devices are rotatably connected to the weeding frame.

5. The folding straw crushing and returning machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A movable cover plate (9) is rotatably connected to the frame (5), and an adjusting hydraulic rod (11) is rotatably connected to the frame (5). The telescopic end of the adjusting hydraulic rod (11) is rotatably connected to the movable cover plate (9). A pressure roller (12) is rotatably connected to the frame (5). The pressure roller (12) is located on the side of the movable cover plate (9) away from the gantry (1).

6. The folding straw crushing and returning machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning device includes a mounting cylinder (20), with mounting rods (21) evenly distributed around one end of the mounting cylinder (20) and mounting holes (26) evenly distributed around the other end of the mounting cylinder (20) to cooperate with the mounting rods (21).

7. The folding straw crushing and returning machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting spline cylinder (29) is fixedly connected to the mounting spline shaft (35), the cleaning block (16) is fixedly connected to the mounting spline cylinder (28) that mates with the mounting spline shaft (35), and the cleaning block (16) is provided with mounting bolts (27) that are screwed to the mounting spline shaft (35).

8. The folding straw crushing and returning machine as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The movable cover plate (9) is provided with multiple sets of insert knife assemblies, each set of insert knife assemblies including several U-shaped insert knives (36) evenly distributed along the axial direction of the shaft tube; the movable cover plate (9) is provided with insertion holes that cooperate with the insert knives (36), and the movable cover plate (9) is detachably connected with a square tube (37) for fixing the insert knives (36).

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