Hard rock soil stripping apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of mining machinery, and particularly relates to a hard rock and soil stripping device, which comprises a cutter head, a shell, a water head, a passive shaft, an eccentric excitation shaft, a first bearing assembly and a second bearing assembly; the rear end of the passive shaft is used for being connected to a cutting equipment body, and the front end of the passive shaft is connected to the water head; the eccentric excitation shaft is located inside the passive shaft and is used for being drivingly connected to a driving member of the cutting equipment body; the first bearing assembly is connected between the eccentric excitation shaft and the passive shaft; the shell is located at the outer periphery of the passive shaft, the second bearing assembly is connected between the passive shaft and the shell, and the cutter head is connected to the front end of the shell. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the eccentric excitation shaft provides the excitation force required for rock cutting, the first bearing assembly forms a rotary support, the effect of the excitation force is optimized, the rock cutting force is improved, and the technical problem of low mining efficiency of the existing rock and soil mining device is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining machinery technology, and in particular to a hard rock and soil stripping and mining device. Background Technology

[0002] There are two main methods for rock and soil mining: high-speed grinding of rock using a rotary cutting disc and static pressure rolling rock breaking technology using a full-face tunneling machine (TBM). While the full-face TBM rolling technology can achieve large-section rock cutting, its high construction cost and stringent equipment requirements limit its application in small and medium-sized mines. The rotary cutting disc technology, although enabling rapid rock cutting, suffers from rapid tool wear due to the high temperatures generated during high-speed grinding. This not only reduces tunneling efficiency but also increases costs and impacts mining efficiency due to frequent tool replacements. Furthermore, the tools have poor impact resistance, especially in deep mining, where the cutting teeth are prone to breakage, significantly shortening their service life. In addition, unreasonable design of the mining equipment, such as direct contact between the cutterhead and the rock surface, results in a large contact area between the teeth and the rock, intensifying stress and causing severe wear. Stress concentration in the slewing support structure also significantly reduces its service life. Finally, the installation position of the power source for the traction mining device affects the cutting force, thus impacting cutting efficiency. These problems not only increase the difficulty and cost of mining but also limit further increases in mining depth. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to provide a hard rock and soil stripping and mining device, which aims to solve the technical problem of low mining efficiency of existing rock and soil mining devices.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a hard rock and soil stripping and mining device, comprising a cutter head, a housing, a water head, a passive shaft, an eccentric excitation shaft, a first bearing assembly, and a second bearing assembly; the rear end of the passive shaft is connected to the body of the cutting equipment, and the front end of the passive shaft is connected to the water head; the eccentric excitation shaft is located inside the passive shaft and is used to drive a drive component connected to the body of the cutting equipment; the first bearing assembly is connected between the eccentric excitation shaft and the passive shaft; the housing is located on the outer periphery of the passive shaft, the second bearing assembly is connected between the passive shaft and the housing, and the cutter head is connected to the front end of the housing.

[0005] A further improvement of the hard rock and soil stripping and mining device of the present invention is that the first bearing assembly includes at least two self-aligning roller bearings, which are spaced apart between the eccentric excitation shaft and the passive shaft.

[0006] A further improvement of the hard rock and soil stripping and mining device of the present invention is that a load-bearing member is provided between the self-aligning roller bearing near the water head and the water head.

[0007] A further improvement of the hard rock and soil stripping and mining device of the present invention is that the cutter head is provided with cutting teeth, and the angle between the plane of the cutter head and the axis of the cutting teeth is between 35° and 55°.

[0008] A further improvement of the hard rock and soil stripping and mining device of the present invention is that the force expression for each self-aligning roller bearing is as follows: ;

[0009] in, The rock-breaking reaction force of the hard rock and soil stripping mining device. The angle between the rock-breaking reaction force of the hard rock and soil stripping mining device and the axial direction of the passive shaft. This is the distance from the stress center to the rotation center of the hard rock and soil stripping and mining device. Eccentric excitation force for self-aligning roller bearings Distance from the center of rotation.

[0010] A further improvement of the hard rock and soil stripping and mining device of the present invention is that a first flushing water channel is provided in the water head, a second flushing water channel is provided in the passive shaft, the inlet of the second flushing water channel is used to connect to an external water source, the outlet of the second flushing water channel corresponds to the inlet of the first flushing water channel, and the outlet of the first flushing water channel is directly opposite the cutting teeth.

[0011] A further improvement of the hard rock and soil stripping and mining device of the present invention is that a water head sealing groove is provided on the outside of the inlet of the first flushing water channel, and a sealing element for sealing the water head and the cutter head is installed in the water head sealing groove.

[0012] A further improvement of the hard rock and soil stripping and mining device of the present invention is that the second bearing assembly includes at least two tapered roller bearings, which are spaced apart between the driven shaft and the housing.

[0013] A further improvement of the hard rock and soil stripping and mining device of the present invention is that a first oil inlet channel is provided in the water head, and a second oil inlet channel and a return oil channel are provided in the passive shaft; the inlet of the second oil inlet channel is used to connect to an external oil source, the upper outlet of the second oil inlet channel corresponds to the inlet of the first oil inlet channel, the lower outlet of the second oil inlet channel corresponds to the lower end position of the eccentric excitation shaft, the outlet of the first oil inlet channel corresponds to the upper end position of the eccentric excitation shaft, the inlet of the return oil channel corresponds to the middle position of the eccentric excitation shaft, and the outlet of the return oil channel is connected to an external oil tank.

[0014] A further improvement of the hard rock and soil stripping and mining device of the present invention is that the eccentric excitation shaft is connected to the drive component of the cutting equipment body through a connecting cylinder.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The hard rock and soil stripping and mining device of the present invention provides the excitation force required for rock cutting through the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the eccentric excitation shaft. A first bearing assembly forms a rotary support, optimizing the effect of the excitation force and improving the rock-breaking force. The structure combining the cutterhead, outer shell, water head, passive shaft, eccentric excitation shaft, first bearing assembly, and second bearing assembly increases the distance between the eccentric excitation force of the first bearing assembly and the center of rotation, significantly improving the rock-breaking force, reducing the stress on the first bearing assembly, and increasing cutting efficiency, thus solving the technical problem of low mining efficiency in existing rock and soil mining devices. The present invention optimizes the angle between the cutterhead plane and the tooth axis, reducing the contact area between the teeth and the rock, reducing tool wear, and improving cutting efficiency. A load-bearing component is installed between the self-aligning roller bearing and the water head, improving the stress distribution of the rotary support structure and extending its service life. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Fig. 1 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the hard rock and soil stripping and mining device of the present invention;

[0019] Fig. 2 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the passive axis and water head of the hard rock and soil stripping and mining device of the present invention (solid lines represent the first flushing water channel and the second flushing water channel).

[0020] Fig. 3 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the passive axis and water head of the hard rock and soil stripping and mining device of the present invention (solid lines represent the first oil inlet channel and the second oil inlet channel, and dashed lines represent the return oil channel).

[0021] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0022] 1. Passive shaft; 2. Water head; 3. Water nozzle; 4. Cutter disc; 5. Housing; 6. Tapered roller bearing; 7. Eccentric vibrating shaft; 8. Self-aligning roller bearing; 9. Elastic pad or thrust bearing; 10. Connecting cylinder; 11. Motor; 12. Connecting seat; 101. Second flushing water channel; 102. Second oil inlet channel; 103. Oil return channel; 201. Shoulder; 202. Annular groove; 203. Water head sealing groove; 401. Cutter teeth; 501. First step surface; 502. Second step surface; 1201. Connecting seat step surface. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0025] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0028] like Figs. 1-3As shown, this embodiment proposes a hard rock and soil stripping and mining device, including a cutter head 4, a housing 5, a water head 2, a passive shaft 1, an eccentric excitation shaft 7, a first bearing assembly, and a second bearing assembly; the rear end of the passive shaft 1 is used to connect to the body of the cutting equipment, and the front end of the passive shaft 1 is connected to the water head 2; the eccentric excitation shaft 7 is located inside the passive shaft 1 and is used to drive a drive component connected to the body of the cutting equipment; the first bearing assembly is connected between the eccentric excitation shaft 7 and the passive shaft 1; the housing 5 is located on the outer periphery of the passive shaft 1, the second bearing assembly is connected between the passive shaft 1 and the housing 5, and the cutter head 4 is connected to the front end of the housing 5.

[0029] Specifically, the rear end of the passive shaft 1 is connected to the body of the cutting equipment by bolts, and the front end is connected to the water head 2 by bolts.

[0030] Preferably, the first bearing assembly includes at least two self-aligning roller bearings 8, which are spaced apart and installed between the eccentric excitation shaft 7 and the passive shaft 1. In this embodiment, the eccentric excitation shaft 7 is moved forward into the internal space of the passive shaft 1, forming a rotational support through the self-aligning roller bearings 8. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation provides the excitation force required for rock cutting, optimizing the effect of the excitation force, significantly improving the rock-breaking force, and enhancing the cutting efficiency.

[0031] Preferably, a load-bearing component is provided between the self-aligning roller bearing 8 and the water head 2, near the water head 2. This load-bearing component can be an elastic pad or a thrust bearing 9, used to bear axial force, improving the stress distribution of the slewing support structure and significantly extending its service life. The self-aligning roller bearing 8 is limited by the shoulder and retaining ring of the eccentric excitation shaft 7, the shoulder 201 of the water head 2, or the retaining ring on the inner wall of the driven shaft 1. The inner ring of the free end of the self-aligning roller bearing 8 has an axial clearance to prevent axial thermal expansion from causing compression, improving the stress distribution of the slewing support structure and significantly extending its service life.

[0032] Preferably, the cutter head 4 is provided with cutting teeth 401, and the angle between the plane of the cutter head 4 and the axis of the cutting teeth 401 is between 35° and 55°. This optimizes the structural design, reduces the bending moment generated on the cutting teeth 401 by the contact surface between the teeth and the rock and the circumferential friction of the cutter head 4 against the rock, significantly reduces the wear of the cutter head 4 and the cutting teeth 401, and improves cutting efficiency. In this embodiment, the cutter head 4 is bolted to the outer shell 5, and the cutting teeth 401 are made of cemented carbide or diamond material, which significantly improves the wear resistance and impact resistance of the cutter head 4. At the same time, the cutter head 4 can rotate freely around the passive shaft 1, reducing the circumferential bending moment, extending the service life, reducing the need for frequent tool replacement, and lowering operating costs.

[0033] Preferably, the expression for the force on each self-aligning roller bearing 8 is as follows: ;

[0034] in, The rock-breaking reaction force of the hard rock and soil stripping and mining device (the rock-breaking reaction force points to the inside of the device along the axial direction of the cutter tooth 401). The angle between the rock-breaking reaction force of the hard rock and soil stripping mining device and the axial direction of the passive shaft 1 is given. This is the distance from the stress center to the rotation center of the hard rock and soil stripping and mining device. Eccentric excitation force for self-aligning roller bearing 8 The distance between the (force center) and the rotation center. The structure of this embodiment allows... The addition significantly improved the cutting and rock-breaking force, reduced the stress on the self-aligning roller bearing 8, and improved the cutting efficiency.

[0035] Preferred, such as Fig. 2 As shown, the water head 2 has a first flushing water channel, and the passive shaft 1 has a second flushing water channel 101. The inlet of the second flushing water channel 101 is connected to an external water source, and the outlet of the second flushing water channel 101 corresponds to the inlet of the first flushing water channel. The outlet of the first flushing water channel is directly opposite the cutter tooth 401. Specifically, an annular groove 202 is provided at the inlet of the first flushing water channel, corresponding to the outlet of the second flushing water channel 101. A water nozzle 3 is threadedly connected to the outlet of the first flushing water channel for spraying flushing water towards the top of the cutter head 4, cooling the cutter head 4 and the cutter tooth 401 and removing the crushed rock particles, effectively improving the cutting effect and equipment stability.

[0036] Preferably, the water head 2 is provided with a water head sealing groove 203 on the outside of the inlet of the first flushing water channel, and a seal for sealing the water head 2 and the cutter head 4 is installed in the water head sealing groove 203. The seal can be a rotary seal or packing to prevent external flushing water and rock particles from entering the internal space of the housing 5 and contaminating the tapered roller bearing 6.

[0037] Preferably, the second bearing assembly includes at least two tapered roller bearings 6, which are spaced apart between the driven shaft 1 and the housing 5. The tapered roller bearings 6 are limited by retaining rings or by the driven shaft 1 and the first stepped surface 501 and the second stepped surface 502 of the housing 5, so that the cutter head 4 can rotate around the driven shaft 1 under the action of centrifugal force.

[0038] Preferred, such as Fig. 3As shown, the water head 2 is provided with a first oil inlet channel, and the passive shaft 1 is provided with a second oil inlet channel 102 and a return oil channel 103. The inlet of the second oil inlet channel 102 is used to connect to an external oil source, the upper outlet of the second oil inlet channel 102 corresponds to the inlet of the first oil inlet channel, the lower outlet of the second oil inlet channel 102 corresponds to the lower end of the eccentric excitation shaft 7, the outlet of the first oil inlet channel corresponds to the upper end of the eccentric excitation shaft 7, the inlet of the return oil channel 103 corresponds to the middle of the eccentric excitation shaft 7, and the outlet of the return oil channel 103 is connected to an external oil tank. Through the arrangement of the first flushing water channel, the second flushing water channel 101, the first oil inlet channel, the second oil inlet channel 102, and the return oil channel 103, the integrated design of cooling and lubrication of the entire hard rock and soil stripping and mining device can be realized, simplifying the equipment structure and improving heat dissipation efficiency and lubrication effect.

[0039] like Fig. 3 As shown, the bearing lubricating oil enters the opposite sides of the self-aligning roller bearing 8 or the lubricating oil groove through the inlet of the second oil inlet channel 102 at the rear end of the driven shaft 1, and then flows back to the oil tank through the oil return channel 103 in the middle of the driven shaft 1. The second oil inlet channel 102 is arranged on the opposite side of the oil return channel 103 to prevent the bearing lubricating oil from being heated before entering the oil. This achieves an optimized design of the lubrication system, while also enhancing the cooling of the driven shaft 1, improving the heat dissipation efficiency, lubrication efficiency, and service life of the self-aligning roller bearing 8 of the equipment, and reducing the frequency of equipment maintenance.

[0040] Preferably, the eccentric excitation shaft 7 is connected to the drive component of the cutting equipment body via the connecting cylinder 10 to eliminate the eccentricity caused by vibration and deformation of the eccentric excitation shaft 7. In this embodiment, the drive component of the cutting equipment body is a motor 11. The connection structure between the connecting cylinder 10 and the eccentric excitation shaft 7 and the motor 11 can be a key connection or a spline connection, which improves the stability and reliability of the equipment. The motor 11 is connected to the connecting seat 12 via bolts, and the connecting seat 12 is connected to the driven shaft 1 via the connecting seat stepped surface 1201 and bolts. This optimizes the installation and connection method of the power source, reduces frictional heat generation, improves the cutting rock-breaking force, and thus improves the cutting efficiency and equipment reliability, while reducing the failure rate.

[0041] The hard rock and soil stripping and mining device of this embodiment provides the excitation force required for rock cutting through the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the eccentric excitation shaft 7. The first bearing assembly forms a rotary support, optimizing the effect of the excitation force and improving the rock-breaking force. The structure combining the cutter head 4, outer shell 5, water head 2, passive shaft 1, eccentric excitation shaft 7, first bearing assembly, and second bearing assembly increases the distance between the eccentric excitation force of the first bearing assembly and the center of rotation, significantly improving the rock-breaking force, reducing the stress on the first bearing assembly, and increasing cutting efficiency. This solves the technical problem of low mining efficiency in existing rock and soil mining devices. This embodiment optimizes the angle between the plane of the cutter head 4 and the axis of the cutter teeth 401, reducing the contact area between the teeth and the rock, reducing tool wear, and improving cutting efficiency. A load-bearing component is installed between the self-aligning roller bearing 8 and the water head 2, improving the stress distribution of the rotary support structure and extending its service life.

[0042] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hard rock and soil stripping and mining device, characterized in that, The device includes a cutter head (4), a housing (5), a water head (2), a passive shaft (1), an eccentric excitation shaft (7), a first bearing assembly, and a second bearing assembly. The rear end of the passive shaft (1) is connected to the body of the cutting equipment, and the front end of the passive shaft (1) is connected to the water head (2). The eccentric excitation shaft (7) is located inside the passive shaft (1) and is used to drive the drive component connected to the body of the cutting equipment. The first bearing assembly is connected between the eccentric excitation shaft (7) and the passive shaft (1). The housing (5) is located on the outer periphery of the passive shaft (1), and the second bearing assembly is connected between the passive shaft (1) and the housing (5). The cutter head (4) is connected to the front end of the housing (5). The first bearing assembly includes at least two self-aligning roller bearings (8), which are spaced apart between the eccentric excitation shaft (7) and the passive shaft (1). The expression for the force on each self-aligning roller bearing (8) is as follows: ; in, The rock-breaking reaction force of the hard rock and soil stripping mining device. The angle between the rock-breaking reaction force of the hard rock and soil stripping mining device and the axial direction of the passive shaft (1) is given. This is the distance from the stress center to the rotation center of the hard rock and soil stripping and mining device. Eccentric excitation force for self-aligning roller bearing (8) Distance from the center of rotation.

2. The hard rock and soil stripping and mining device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A load-bearing component is provided between the self-aligning roller bearing (8) near the water head (2) and the water head (2).

3. The hard rock and soil stripping and mining device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter head (4) is provided with cutting teeth (401), and the angle between the plane of the cutter head (4) and the axis of the cutting teeth (401) is between 35° and 55°.

4. The hard rock and soil stripping and mining device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water head (2) is provided with a first flushing water channel, and the passive shaft (1) is provided with a second flushing water channel (101). The inlet of the second flushing water channel (101) is used to connect to an external water source, and the outlet of the second flushing water channel (101) corresponds to the inlet of the first flushing water channel. The outlet of the first flushing water channel is directly opposite the blade tooth (401).

5. The hard rock and soil stripping and mining device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The water head (2) is provided with a water head sealing groove (203) on the outside of the inlet of the first flushing water channel. A sealing element for sealing the water head (2) and the cutter disc (4) is installed in the water head sealing groove (203).

6. The hard rock and soil stripping and mining device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second bearing assembly includes at least two tapered roller bearings (6), which are spaced apart between the driven shaft (1) and the housing (5).

7. The hard rock and soil stripping and mining device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water head (2) is provided with a first oil inlet channel, and the passive shaft (1) is provided with a second oil inlet channel (102) and a return oil channel (103). The inlet of the second oil inlet channel (102) is used to connect to an external oil source. The upper outlet of the second oil inlet channel (102) corresponds to the inlet of the first oil inlet channel. The lower outlet of the second oil inlet channel (102) corresponds to the lower end of the eccentric excitation shaft (7). The outlet of the first oil inlet channel corresponds to the upper end of the eccentric excitation shaft (7). The inlet of the return oil channel (103) corresponds to the middle part of the eccentric excitation shaft (7). The outlet of the return oil channel (103) is connected to an external oil tank.

8. The hard rock and soil stripping and mining device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The eccentric excitation shaft (7) is connected to the drive component of the cutting equipment body through the connecting cylinder (10).

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