Spiral copper foil electrode composite power generation energy harvesting device

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of composite power generation, and particularly relates to a spiral copper foil electrode composite power generation energy collection device. The device comprises an electromagnetic module, a FEP film, a support substrate and a copper foil. The electromagnetic module is used for generating a closed magnetic circuit, and the FEP film is arranged on the electromagnetic module. The support substrate is inserted into the electromagnetic module, and the copper foil is arranged on the support substrate and in contact with the FEP film. Under the action of external vibration, the support substrate and the electromagnetic module move relatively, the copper foil cuts the magnetic induction lines to generate an induced current, and the copper foil and the FEP film perform contact-separation friction movement to generate a friction electric signal. The copper foil serves as an output end to output energy, and high voltage and high current are coupled and output. The present application has compact structure and high integration, is suitable for low-frequency mechanical vibration and wave energy environment, and can provide long-term stable power supply support for self-powered sensors, ocean monitoring buoys and industrial equipment state sensing systems.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of composite power generation, and particularly relates to a spiral copper foil electrode composite power generation energy collection device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of Internet of Things, wearable devices and ocean monitoring applications, the demand for energy self-sufficiency of distributed sensing nodes is increasing. Traditional power supply methods mainly rely on batteries, but batteries have limited capacity, limited life and frequent maintenance and replacement, which not only increases the operating cost in large-scale deployment, but also causes environmental pollution and resource waste. Especially in the scenarios of long-term ocean observation and extreme environment monitoring, the limitations of battery power supply are more obvious. Therefore, how to develop a self-powered technology that can operate stably for a long time has become an important direction of current research.

[0003] Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and electromagnetic generator (EMG) are two types of energy collection technologies that have attracted much attention in recent years. TENG can output high voltage under low-frequency vibration, with strong sensitivity, but the output current is limited, which is difficult to directly drive the load. EMG can generate larger current, which is suitable for powering low-power electronic devices, but the conversion efficiency is low in a low-frequency environment. Existing research attempts to combine the two, but common solutions are mostly stacked or modular designs, which generally have the problems of large size, complex structure and low energy coupling, making it difficult to meet the actual needs of miniaturization and high-efficiency energy capture. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a compact, high-structure-integration composite power generation device that can balance high voltage and high current output to improve the collection and utilization efficiency of low-frequency vibration energy and expand its application potential in self-powered sensing and ocean equipment. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above problems, the purpose of the present application is to provide a spiral copper foil electrode composite power generation energy collection device to solve the problems of existing composite power generation devices, such as large size, complex structure, low energy coupling, and difficulty in meeting the actual needs of miniaturization and high-efficiency energy capture.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The application provides a spiral copper foil electrode composite power generation energy collection device, which comprises an electromagnetic module, an FEP film, a support substrate and a copper foil.

[0007] The support substrate is in a cylindrical structure, and the copper foil is in a strip shape and arranged in a spiral manner on the inner wall of the support substrate.

[0008] The support substrate is formed by a PLA material 3D printing process.

[0009] The top of the support substrate is provided with a silica gel buffer layer, which is used to provide elastic deformation and impact buffering.

[0010] The thickness of the silica gel buffer layer ranges from 1 mm to 5 mm.

[0011] The electromagnetic module comprises a steel body bottom, a steel body ring and a magnet, wherein the steel body bottom comprises a base and a cylinder arranged on the center of the base; the magnet and the steel body ring are sequentially sleeved on the cylinder of the steel body bottom from inside to outside, and the air gap between the magnet and the cylinder of the steel body bottom, the steel body ring and the base of the steel body bottom jointly form a closed magnetic circuit.

[0012] The FEP film is attached to the cylinder of the steel body bottom by conductive fabric glue, which has a bonding effect and ensures the conductivity of the FEP film.

[0013] The steel body ring and the steel body bottom are both made of high magnetic permeability material to enhance the magnetic field strength effect.

[0014] The magnet is a ring-shaped magnet made of neodymium iron boron material.

[0015] The device is suitable for multi-frequency mechanical vibration or wave environment and can provide a continuous power supply for self-powered sensor nodes or ocean buoys.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The spiral copper foil electrode composite power generation energy harvesting device provided by the present invention adopts an integrated structure, making full use of lateral space, reducing the volume structure, and improving the system integration. Through PLA support substrate and steel ring encapsulation, additional components are reduced, enhancing mechanical stability. The triboelectric nanogenerator provides high voltage, and the electromagnetic generator provides high current; the two are coupled and complementary, achieving high integration and high voltage-high current composite output, thereby realizing dual-mode energy harvesting and improving the efficiency of low-frequency mechanical energy harvesting.

[0017] This invention is applicable to low-frequency mechanical energy environments such as waves and vibrations, and can provide continuous energy for self-powered sensors, buoys and other systems, with strong scalability.

[0018] In this invention, the magnet forms a closed magnetic circuit under the guidance of the steel ring, the steel base, and the air gap. The closed magnetic circuit and the flexible bonding layer provide a stable output, achieving high energy conversion efficiency. It is particularly suitable for marine environmental monitoring, industrial equipment vibration energy harvesting, intelligent transportation and rail fields.

[0019] The materials used in this invention are all low-cost materials, simple to manufacture, and can be obtained through 3D printing and other methods.

[0020] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the spiral copper foil electrode composite power generation energy harvesting device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a partial exploded view of the spiral copper foil electrode composite power generation energy harvesting device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is an isometric view of the spiral copper foil electrode composite power generation energy harvesting device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the spiral copper foil electrode composite power generation energy harvesting device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional exploded view of the spiral copper foil electrode composite power generation energy harvesting device of the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Silicone buffer layer; 2. Supporting substrate; 3. Copper foil; 4. FEP film; 5. Conductive fabric adhesive; 6. Magnet; 7. Steel ring; 8. Steel base. Detailed Implementation

[0029] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0031] See Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this invention provides a spiral copper foil electrode composite power generation energy harvesting device, including an electromagnetic module, an FEP film 4, a support substrate 2, and a copper foil 3. The electromagnetic module is used to generate a closed magnetic circuit, and the FEP film 4 is disposed on the electromagnetic module. The support substrate 2 is inserted into the electromagnetic module, and the copper foil 3 is disposed on the support substrate 2 and in contact with the FEP film 4. Under the action of external vibration, the support substrate 2 and the electromagnetic module move relative to each other, and the copper foil 3 cuts the magnetic field lines to generate an induced current. At the same time, the copper foil 3 and the FEP film 4 undergo contact-separation frictional motion to generate a triboelectric signal. The copper foil 3 serves as the output terminal to output energy, realizing the coupling output of high voltage and high current, and improving the overall energy conversion efficiency.

[0032] In an embodiment of the present invention, the support substrate 2 is a cylindrical structure, and the copper foil 3 is strip-shaped and attached to the inner wall of the support substrate 2.

[0033] Preferably, the support substrate 2 is made of PLA (polylactic acid).

[0034] Furthermore, a silicone buffer layer 1 is provided on the top of the support substrate 2, which is used to provide elastic deformation and impact buffering.

[0035] See Figure 2As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic module includes a steel base 8, a steel ring 7, and a magnet 6. The steel base 8 includes a base and a cylinder disposed at the center of the base. The magnet 6 and the steel ring 7 are sequentially fitted onto the cylinder of the steel base 8 from the inside out. The air gaps between the magnet 6 and the cylinder of the steel base 8 and the steel ring 7, and between the steel ring 7 and the base of the steel base 8, together form a closed magnetic circuit. The FEP film 4 is attached to the cylinder of the steel base 8 by conductive fabric adhesive 5. The conductive fabric adhesive 5 has an adhesive effect and ensures the conductivity of the FEP film 4. The FEP film 4 is attached to the conductive fabric adhesive 5, giving it conductivity. The conductive fabric adhesive 5 is carbon fiber fabric or silver fiber fabric.

[0036] Preferably, the FEP film 4 is a perfluoroethylene propylene film with a thickness ranging from 10 μm to 100 μm to ensure sufficient flexibility and electronegativity; the silicone buffer layer has a thickness ranging from 1 mm to 5 mm to improve vibration response sensitivity; the copper foil 3 is cut into strips and spirally attached to the inner cylindrical surface of the supporting substrate 2; the magnet 6 is preferably a neodymium iron boron ring magnet to ensure strong magnetic induction intensity. Both the steel ring 7 and the steel base 8 are made of high permeability materials to enhance the magnetic field strength effect.

[0037] Furthermore, the PLA support substrate 2 can be integrally formed using 3D printing technology, facilitating lightweight design and rapid manufacturing. The conductive fabric adhesive 5 ensures a firm bond between the FEP film 4 and the cylindrical steel base 8 while maintaining its conductivity; carbon fiber cloth or silver fiber fabric can be selected.

[0038] The spiral copper foil electrode composite power generation energy harvesting device provided by this invention is suitable for multi-frequency mechanical vibration or wave environments and can provide continuous power for self-powered sensor nodes or marine buoys. When the device is subjected to periodic external force or vibration excitation, the FEP film 4 and the copper foil 3 contact and separate, forming a triboelectric signal; at the same time, the magnet 6 moves relative to the steel ring 7 and the steel base 8 under the guidance of the steel body ring 7, cutting the magnetic field lines near the copper foil 3 and generating an induced current. The two power generation mechanisms complement each other, enabling this invention to achieve high voltage and high current output simultaneously in low-frequency vibration or wave environments.

[0039] This invention provides a spiral copper foil electrode composite power generation energy harvesting device, the working principle of which is as follows:

[0040] A triboelectric nanogenerator unit is composed of conductive fabric adhesive 5, FEP film 4, and copper foil 3. The conductive fabric adhesive 5 is attached to the cylindrical surface of the steel base 8, and the FEP film 4 is adhered to the conductive fabric adhesive 5, forming a friction pair with the copper foil 3. Under external vibration, the FEP film 4 and copper foil 3 undergo periodic contact-separation motion. Due to the difference in the triboelectric sequence between the two materials, the FEP film 4, due to its strong negative charge, captures electrons during separation and releases electrons during contact, thereby inducing an alternating high-voltage signal on the copper foil electrode. This unit is particularly suitable for voltage-sensitive energy harvesting scenarios, with an output voltage reaching hundreds to thousands of volts, effectively driving high-impedance loads or used for charge accumulation.

[0041] The electromagnetic power generation unit comprises a magnet 6, a steel ring 7, a steel base 8, and a copper foil 3. The magnet 6 is fixed between the steel base 8 and the steel ring 7. The magnet 6, together with the steel structure made of high-permeability material and the air gap, forms a closed magnetic circuit, significantly enhancing the magnetic flux density in the working air gap. Under vibration, the magnet 6 and the spirally attached copper foil 3 undergo axial relative motion. The copper foil 3 effectively cuts magnetic field lines, generating an induced electromotive force in the circuit of the copper foil 3 according to Faraday's law of magnetic induction, resulting in a strong induced current output. This unit features low internal resistance and high current output, with an output current reaching tens to hundreds of microamps, capable of directly powering most low-power electronic devices.

[0042] The silicone buffer layer 1 is disposed above the support substrate 2. It can undergo elastic deformation under external impact, which can both buffer the impact of external force and transfer some energy to the triboelectric nanogenerator unit and the electromagnetic generator unit.

[0043] The output and coupling mechanisms of the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and electromagnetic generator (EMG) units in this device can be summarized as follows: The TENG side is a high-voltage, high-internal-resistance, capacitive source, whose open-circuit voltage is determined by the triboelectric charge density and equivalent capacitance, typically exhibiting "high voltage, microampere-level current"; the EMG side is a low-voltage, low-internal-resistance, inductive / resistive source, whose induced potential satisfies the requirement, and under suitable load, it can output "low voltage, tens to hundreds of microampere-level current". Both are triggered in phase under the same mechanical excitation: the spiral copper foil serves as both the multi-turn coil of the EMG and the counter electrode of the TENG, synchronizing the surface charge generated by contact-separation with the change in air gap magnetic flux in the time domain. In terms of electrical coupling, the TENG branch forms a high-voltage buffer bus via voltage multiplier / rectifier and energy storage capacitor, used for charge accumulation and start-up voltage boost; the EMG branch provides continuous current and power maintenance via low-dropout rectification and DC-DC converter. To avoid mutual drag and backflow, a decoupling diode / synchronous rectification and impedance matching network are set between the two, so that the high internal resistance energy of the TENG is preferentially injected into the energy storage medium and is not "discharged" by the EMG branch. At the same time, the low internal resistance and electromagnetic damping of the EMG are used to widen the effective bandwidth and improve near-load efficiency in the resonant neighborhood. The TENG is responsible for raising the voltage platform and fast charging, while the EMG is responsible for supplying the actual working current and driving the load. After decoupling and rectification, the two paths are connected to the same energy storage unit and bus, forming a high-voltage and high-current composite output.

[0044] In summary, this invention integrates a triboelectric nanogenerator unit and an electromagnetic induction unit. The triboelectric nanogenerator unit achieves high-voltage output through contact-separation friction between a copper foil 3 and a charge transfer dielectric FEP film 4. The electromagnetic induction unit enhances magnetic flux through a rationally designed magnetic circuit structure, generating an induced current under the relative motion of the copper foil 3 and the magnet 6 in a magnetic field, thus achieving high-current output. The two units achieve coupled energy output through a shared helical copper foil 3, possessing both high-voltage and high-current energy harvesting capabilities. This device is compact and highly integrated, suitable for various vibration scenarios, such as low-frequency mechanical vibration and wave energy environments, specifically including bridge structure monitoring, ship equipment energy capture, and self-powered sensors and self-powered systems for marine buoys. Through back-end processing of the rectification and energy storage circuits, the device can provide stable power for low-power sensor nodes and wireless communication modules, demonstrating promising engineering application prospects.

[0045] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A spiral copper foil electrode composite power generation energy harvesting device, characterized in that, The device includes an electromagnetic module, an FEP film, a support substrate, and a copper foil. The electromagnetic module generates a closed magnetic circuit, and the FEP film is disposed on the electromagnetic module. The support substrate is inserted into the electromagnetic module, and the copper foil is disposed on the support substrate and in contact with the FEP film. Under external vibration, the support substrate and the electromagnetic module move relative to each other, and the copper foil cuts the magnetic field lines to generate an induced current. At the same time, the copper foil and the FEP film undergo contact-separation frictional motion to generate a triboelectric signal. The copper foil serves as the output terminal to output energy, achieving a coupling output of high voltage and high current. The supporting substrate has a cylindrical structure, and the copper foil is strip-shaped and spirally arranged on the inner wall of the supporting substrate; The electromagnetic module includes a steel base, a steel ring, and a magnet. The steel base includes a base and a cylinder set at the center of the base. The magnet and the steel ring are sequentially fitted onto the cylinder of the steel base from the inside out. The air gap between the magnet and the cylinder and the steel ring of the steel base, as well as between the steel ring and the base of the steel base, together form a closed magnetic circuit. The FEP film is attached to the cylinder of the steel body base by conductive fabric adhesive. The conductive fabric adhesive has an adhesive effect and at the same time ensures the conductivity of the FEP film. The support substrate is formed using PLA material 3D printing process; The top of the support substrate is provided with a silicone buffer layer, which is used to provide elastic deformation and impact buffering. Both the steel ring and the steel base are made of high magnetic permeability materials to enhance the magnetic field strength.

2. The spiral copper foil electrode composite power generation energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the silicone buffer layer ranges from 1 mm to 5 mm.

3. The spiral copper foil electrode composite power generation energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnet is a ring magnet made of neodymium iron boron.

4. The spiral copper foil electrode composite power generation energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device is suitable for multi-frequency mechanical vibration or wave environments and can provide continuous power to self-powered sensor nodes or ocean buoys.

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