A smart agricultural seeding device and method for agricultural planting

Abstract

This invention discloses an intelligent agricultural sowing device and method for agricultural planting, relating to the technical field of intelligent sowing equipment for legume seeds. It includes a sowing hopper, with a support plate vertically mounted on its lower surface. A drive wheel is rotatably mounted on the lower end of the support plate via a rotating shaft. A connecting rod is mounted on the side of the sowing hopper. A furrow opener and a soil covering device are mounted on the sowing hopper. The sowing hopper is open at both the top and bottom. A sowing block is mounted inside the lower part of the sowing hopper, with its lower surface flush with the lower surface of the sowing hopper. A matching sowing roller is rotatably mounted in a circular groove on the sowing block. This invention ensures that the most active microbial agent is sown into the soil, fundamentally guaranteeing the inoculation effect and nitrogen fixation efficiency in the field. Simultaneously, by utilizing the Venturi effect within the negative pressure synchronous atomization sowing tube, it achieves near-uniform, seamless coating of irregular legume seeds, avoiding waste of microbial agent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent seed planting equipment for legumes, specifically to an intelligent agricultural seeding device and method for agricultural planting. Background Technology

[0002] Sustainable agricultural production increasingly relies on the innovative application of biotechnology. Among these technologies, the symbiotic nitrogen-fixing system between legumes and rhizobia is a key natural mechanism for reducing chemical nitrogen fertilizer application and improving soil fertility. Efficiently and reliably inoculating legume seeds with rhizobium inoculants is the first step in initiating this mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship, and the quality of inoculation directly determines the early nodulation efficiency and final yield of the crop. Therefore, developing intelligent seeding equipment capable of maintaining high inoculant activity and achieving precise and uniform coating has become an important frontier in the development of modern precision agriculture technology, containing enormous economic and ecological value.

[0003] Currently, existing technologies for seed inoculation in the industry mainly fall into two categories. The first is "pre-mixing" technology, which involves mixing liquid or peat-carrier rhizobium inoculants with seeds in batches in a fixed container several hours or even days before sowing, allowing the mixture to dry before use. The second is "online spraying" technology, which is typically integrated into the seeder. Through a simple seed metering device combined with a spraying system, the inoculant is continuously or periodically sprayed onto the seed surface during seed descent, and then directly into the soil.

[0004] However, existing technologies still have shortcomings in use: First, for "pre-mixing" technology, during the storage and waiting period between mixing the microbial agent with the seeds and sowing, the microorganisms are exposed to multiple stresses such as dryness, temperature fluctuations, and ultraviolet radiation, leading to a sharp decline in their activity. By the time of sowing, most of them have already lost their activity, seriously affecting the field sowing effect. Second, neither pre-mixing nor simple online spraying can ensure the uniformity of the microbial agent coating on the surface of each seed. Especially for irregularly shaped legume seeds, their depressions and sides are often insufficiently covered, resulting in a significant "shadowing effect." In addition, simple online spraying systems lack a precise triggering mechanism, which easily leads to waste of microbial agent and cross-contamination in the field. Furthermore, they cannot drive the seeds to actively roll within the coating cavity, causing the coating uniformity to be highly dependent on the random posture of the seeds during descent, resulting in poor reliability. These defects together limit the agronomic effects and economic benefits that existing technologies can achieve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide an intelligent agricultural sowing device and method for agricultural planting, which ensures that the most active inoculant is sown into the soil, fundamentally guaranteeing the inoculation effect and nitrogen fixation efficiency in the field. At the same time, by using the Venturi effect in the negative pressure synchronous atomization sowing tube, it achieves almost no dead angle uniform coating of irregular bean seeds, avoiding waste of inoculant, and can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent agricultural sowing device for agricultural planting, comprising a sowing hopper, a support plate vertically arranged on the lower surface of the sowing hopper, a drive wheel rotatably arranged at the lower end of the support plate via a rotating shaft, a connecting rod arranged on the side of the sowing hopper, a furrow opener and a soil covering device arranged on the sowing hopper, the sowing hopper being open at both the top and bottom, a sowing block arranged in the lower inner part of the sowing hopper, and the lower surface of the sowing block being flush with the lower surface of the sowing hopper, with a matching sowing device rotatably arranged in a circular groove opened on the sowing block. The sowing roller has a sowing shaft at its center, which is rotatably connected to the side of the sowing hopper via a bearing. The sowing shaft is also connected to the drive wheel shaft via a transmission assembly. Seed holes are evenly spaced at equal angles on the sowing roller. Sowing openings corresponding to the seed holes are located on both the upper and lower surfaces of the sowing block. A negative pressure synchronous atomizing sowing tube corresponding to the sowing opening is located on the lower surface of the sowing block. The inner diameter of both ends of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing sowing tube is larger than that at the middle. The upper inner part of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing sowing tube is equipped with… A ring-shaped air supply head has air outlets evenly spaced downwards at equal angles. A second air pump is installed on the lower surface of the seeding hopper, and the air outlet of the second air pump is connected to the ring-shaped air supply head via an air supply pipe. Symmetrical through-beam photoelectric sensors are installed at the upper end of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding pipe. A storage tank is installed on the side of the seeding hopper, and a gear pump is installed at the lower outlet of the storage tank. A delivery pipe is installed at the outlet of the gear pump, and a ring-shaped atomizing nozzle is installed at the end of the delivery pipe. The ring-shaped atomizing nozzle is positioned on the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding pipe. The seed tube has a smaller inner diameter in the middle section, and the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seed tube has through holes at equal angles that correspond to the spray nozzles of the annular atomizing nozzle. The upper inlet of the storage tank is equipped with an inlet pipe, which is threaded with a sealing cap. The lower seed outlet of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seed tube is equipped with a secondary wrapping and mixing component. The side of the seed hopper is equipped with an intelligent controller. The input end of the intelligent controller is electrically connected to the output end of the through-beam photoelectric sensor, and the output end of the intelligent controller is electrically connected to the input end of the gear pump.

[0007] Furthermore, the secondary wrapping mixing component is a secondary wrapping cavity located at the seed outlet at the lower end of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding tube. The upper end of the secondary wrapping cavity has a seed inlet corresponding to and matching the seed outlet at the lower end of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding tube, and this seed inlet is tangential to the inner wall of the secondary wrapping cavity. A tangential air pipe is installed through the side wall of the secondary wrapping cavity, and the air outlet of the tangential air pipe matches the seed inlet. A spiral assisting roller track matching the tangential air pipe and the seed inlet is provided inside the secondary wrapping cavity. A first air pump is provided on the support plate, and the air outlet of the first air pump is connected to the tangential air pipe via an air delivery pipe. The input end of the first air pump is electrically connected to the output end of the intelligent controller. A mounting frame is provided on the lower surface of the seed block, and the secondary wrapping cavity is fixedly connected to the mounting frame.

[0008] Furthermore, an extension tube is provided at the lower end of the seed outlet of the secondary wrapping cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner wall of the upper middle part of the storage tank is hollow, the bottom of the storage tank is made of thermally conductive material, a semiconductor cooling plate is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the storage tank, the cold end of the semiconductor cooling plate is in contact with the bottom of the storage tank, the input end of the semiconductor cooling plate is electrically connected to the output end of the intelligent controller, and a temperature sensor is provided at the inner bottom of the storage tank, and the output end of the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the input end of the intelligent controller.

[0010] Furthermore, heat dissipation fins are uniformly arranged at equal angles on the semiconductor cooling plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the drive wheel is provided with soil friction blocks at equal angles around its circumference.

[0012] Furthermore, the transmission component consists of pulleys located at the ends of the drive wheel shaft and the sowing shaft, with the two pulleys connected by a belt drive.

[0013] Furthermore, two guide blocks that cooperate with the seeding blocks are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the seeding hopper.

[0014] Furthermore, the sealing cap is provided with a soft sealing gasket that mates with the inlet tube.

[0015] A method for using an intelligent agricultural seeding device for agricultural planting, applied to the aforementioned intelligent agricultural seeding device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1: The device is powered by a drive wheel rolling on the ground. The drive wheel shaft transmits power to the sowing shaft through a transmission assembly consisting of pulleys and belts, driving the sowing roller to rotate in the circular groove of the sowing block. The bean seeds in the sowing hopper fall into the seed holes on the rotating sowing roller under the action of gravity. The volume of each seed hole is designed to hold only a single bean seed. When the seed hole carrying a single seed rotates with the sowing roller to align with the sowing opening at the bottom, the single seed falls from the sowing opening and enters the negative pressure synchronous atomization sowing tube.

[0017] S2: When a single bean seed falls and passes through the photoelectric detection area formed by a through-beam photoelectric sensor at the upper end of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding tube, the sensor generates a detection signal and transmits it to the intelligent controller. After receiving the signal, the intelligent controller performs a predetermined delay calculation and synchronously sends a start command to the gear pump and the second air pump. The gear pump pumps the rhizobium agent in the storage tank into the annular atomizing nozzle through the delivery pipe. At the same time, the airflow generated by the second air pump is delivered to the annular air supply head through the air supply pipe and forms a high-speed downward jet airflow through its air outlet. When this jet airflow passes through the smallest inner diameter part of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding tube, a static pressure zone significantly lower than atmospheric pressure is generated at this point according to the Venturi effect. This negative pressure environment works synergistically with the annular atomizing nozzle to fully atomize the agent, forming a cone-shaped agent mist curtain covering the cross-section of the tube diameter. At this moment, the single seed that falls into this area is enveloped by the agent mist curtain, completing the first coverage.

[0018] S3: The seeds, after the initial wrapping, continue to fall and exit from the lower outlet of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding tube. They then enter the secondary wrapping chamber through the tangentially set seed inlet. The intelligent controller activates the first air pump, generating a high-speed airflow that is injected tangentially into the secondary wrapping chamber through the air delivery pipe and the tangential air pipe. This high-speed airflow gives the seeds an initial tangential velocity, causing them to spiral down close to the inner wall of the chamber. A short section of spiral assist track on the inner wall of the chamber plays a crucial guiding and assisting role in this process. It guides and ensures that the seeds obtain a stable initial rotational state, forming a controllable spiral roll. After gaining sufficient kinetic energy, the seeds will naturally detach from the end of the spiral assist track and continue to tumble in the subsequent chamber space due to inertia. This process ensures that any areas that may have been missed during the initial wrapping are evenly covered in a second, comprehensive manner.

[0019] S4: The legume seeds, after completing the second uniform wrapping, are finally discharged through the extension tube at the lower end of the second wrapping chamber and fall precisely into the seed furrow opened by the furrow opener. Then, the soil covering device performs the soil covering operation to complete the sowing.

[0020] S5: Throughout the entire operation, the intelligent controller monitors the temperature of the bacterial agent in real time through a temperature sensor located at the bottom of the storage tank, and controls the operation of the semiconductor cooling plate according to the preset activity protection temperature range. The cold end of the cooling plate efficiently cools the bottom of the storage tank, and the hot end heat is dissipated to the environment through heat dissipation fins, ensuring that the bacterial agent maintains high activity throughout the storage and use process.

[0021] Based on the above technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by the intelligent agricultural sowing device and method for agricultural planting of the present invention through practical application are as follows:

[0022] 1. This invention stores the microbial agent in a storage tank equipped with a semiconductor cooling plate and temperature monitoring, and mixes and encapsulates it online and instantly through a negative pressure synchronous atomization sowing pipe during sowing. This completely eliminates the activity decay period caused by the microbial agent being exposed to an adverse environment due to pre-mixing in the "pre-mixing" technology. The time interval between the microbial agent's highly active storage state and its application to the seeds is extremely short, ensuring that the most active microbial agent is sown into the soil, thereby fundamentally guaranteeing the inoculation effect and nitrogen fixation efficiency in the field.

[0023] 2. This invention utilizes the Venturi effect to create a microbial agent mist within a negative pressure synchronous atomization seeding tube, initially enveloping each falling single seed in its entirety. Subsequently, the seed enters a secondary enveloping chamber, where it undergoes a forced and controllable spiral tumbling motion guided by a high-speed airflow introduced through a tangential air tube and a spiral-assisted rolling track. This design ensures that regardless of the seed's initial posture, all its surface depressions and sides are fully exposed and come into contact with the microbial agent during the tumbling process, effectively eliminating the "shadow effect" and achieving near-perfect, uniform envelopment of irregular bean seeds. This significantly improves the uniformity and reliability of the envelopment.

[0024] 3. This invention achieves a precise "single-seed detection - single-seed spraying" operation mode by linking a through-beam photoelectric sensor with an intelligent controller and a gear pump. The fungicide is only sprayed when a seed is detected falling, avoiding the waste of fungicide caused by spraying into the air or overspraying in traditional continuous spraying methods. At the same time, because the spraying is strictly synchronized with the seed, the dispersion of fungicide droplets in the air is greatly reduced, effectively preventing cross-contamination between different varieties of seeds and improving the economy and environmental friendliness of the operation.

[0025] 4. The secondary wrapping cavity of the present invention is not a simple falling channel, but an active dynamic wrapping unit composed of tangential airflow and spiral-assisted rolling track. It gives the seed a definite, high-speed rotational motion, rather than relying on its random posture. This forced tumbling transforms uniform wrapping from a probabilistic event into a necessary and repeatable process result, greatly improving the reliability of the system and the consistency of wrapping quality. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a front-view stereoscopic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a rear-view stereoscopic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the storage tank and the seeding hopper after being cut open in this invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a bottom-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention after the soil covering device has been removed.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a rear-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the intelligent seeding spray coating component in this invention.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a side-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the intelligent seeding spray coating component in this invention.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the secondary wrapping and mixing component in the intelligent seeding and wrapping component of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the secondary wrapping and mixing component in the intelligent seeding and wrapping component of the present invention after being cut open.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a bottom-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the air supply component in this invention.

[0035] In the diagram: 1-Seeding hopper, 2-Support plate, 3-Drive wheel, 4-Connecting rod, 5-Furrow opener, 6-Soil coverer, 7-Intelligent controller, 8-Pulley, 9-Belt, 10-Annular atomizing nozzle, 11-Negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding pipe, 12-Mounting frame, 13-Secondary wrapping chamber, 14-Extension pipe, 15-First air pump, 16-Guide block, 17-Storage tank, 18-Inlet pipe, 19-Sealing cap, 20-Tangential air pipe, 21-Air delivery pipe, 22-Semiconductor cooling plate, 23-Heat dissipation fins, 24-Gear pump, 25-Inlet pipe, 26-Second air pump, 27-Seeding port, 28-Seed hole, 29-Seeding roller, 30-Seeding shaft, 31-Seeding block, 32-Air delivery pipe, 33-Through-beam photoelectric sensor, 34-Annular air delivery head, 35-Soil friction block, 36-Spiral assist roller. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Please see Figure 1-9 This embodiment provides a technical solution: an intelligent agricultural sowing device for agricultural planting, including a sowing hopper 1, a support plate 2 vertically arranged on the lower surface of the sowing hopper 1, a drive wheel 3 rotatably arranged at the lower end of the support plate 2 via a rotating shaft, a connecting rod 4 arranged on the side of the sowing hopper 1, a furrow opener 5 and a soil cover 6 arranged on the sowing hopper 1, the sowing hopper 1 is open at both the top and bottom, a sowing block 31 is arranged in the lower inner part of the sowing hopper 1, and the lower surface of the sowing block 31 is flush with the lower surface of the sowing hopper 1, a cooperating sowing roller 29 is rotatably arranged in the circular groove opened on the sowing block 31, and the center of the sowing roller 29... A sowing shaft 30 is positioned at a certain location. The sowing shaft 30 is rotatably connected to the side of the sowing hopper 1 via a bearing. The sowing shaft 30 is connected to the rotating shaft of the drive wheel 3 via a transmission assembly. Seed holes 28 are evenly distributed at equal angles on the sowing roller 29. Sowing ports 27 corresponding to the seed holes 28 are opened on both the upper and lower surfaces of the sowing block 31. A negative pressure synchronous atomizing sowing pipe 11 corresponding to the sowing port 27 is provided on the lower surface of the sowing block 31. The inner diameter of the two ends of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing sowing pipe 11 is larger than the inner diameter of the middle position. An annular air supply head 34 is provided in the upper inner part of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing sowing pipe 11. The annular air supply head 34 has air outlets evenly downward at equal angles. A second air pump 26 is installed on the lower surface of the seeding hopper 1. The air outlet of the second air pump 26 is connected to the annular air supply head 34 through the air supply pipe 32. A through-beam photoelectric sensor 33 is symmetrically installed at the upper end of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding pipe 11. A storage tank 17 is installed on the side of the seeding hopper 1. A gear pump 24 is installed at the lower outlet of the storage tank 17. A delivery pipe 25 is installed at the outlet of the gear pump 24. An annular atomizing nozzle 10 is installed at the end of the delivery pipe 25. The annular atomizing nozzle 10 is installed on the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding pipe. At the smaller inner diameter of the middle part of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding pipe 11, through holes corresponding to the spray nozzles of the annular atomizing nozzle 10 are evenly opened at equal angles. An inlet pipe 18 is provided at the upper inlet of the storage tank 17. A sealing cap 19 is provided on the inlet pipe 18 through a thread. A secondary wrapping and mixing component is provided at the lower seed outlet of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding pipe 11. An intelligent controller 7 is provided on the side of the seeding hopper 1. The input end of the intelligent controller 7 is electrically connected to the output end of the through-beam photoelectric sensor 33. The output end of the intelligent controller 7 is electrically connected to the input end of the gear pump 24.

[0038] Furthermore, the secondary wrapping mixing component is a secondary wrapping cavity 13 located at the seed outlet at the lower end of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding tube 11. The upper end of the secondary wrapping cavity 13 has a seed inlet corresponding to the seed outlet at the lower end of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding tube 11, and the seed inlet is tangential to the inner side wall of the secondary wrapping cavity 13. A tangential air pipe 20 is provided through the side wall of the secondary wrapping cavity 13, and the air outlet of the tangential air pipe 20 is matched with the seed inlet. A spiral assisting roller 36 is provided inside the secondary wrapping cavity 13, which is matched with the tangential air pipe 20 and the seed inlet. A first air pump 15 is provided on the support plate 2. The air outlet of the first air pump 15 is connected to the tangential air pipe 20 through the air delivery pipe 21. The input end of the first air pump 15 is electrically connected to the output end of the intelligent controller 7. A mounting frame 12 is provided on the lower surface of the seed block 31, and the secondary wrapping cavity 13 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 12.

[0039] Furthermore, an extension tube 14 is provided at the lower end of the seed outlet of the secondary encapsulation cavity 13.

[0040] Furthermore, the inner wall of the upper middle part of the storage tank 17 is hollow, the bottom of the storage tank 17 is made of heat-conducting material, a semiconductor cooling plate 22 is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the storage tank 17, the cold end of the semiconductor cooling plate 22 is in contact with the bottom of the storage tank 17, the input end of the semiconductor cooling plate 22 is electrically connected to the output end of the intelligent controller 7, and a temperature sensor is provided on the inner bottom of the storage tank 17, and the output end of the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the input end of the intelligent controller 7.

[0041] Furthermore, heat dissipation fins 23 are evenly arranged at equal angles on the semiconductor cooling plate 22.

[0042] Furthermore, the drive wheel 3 is provided with soil friction blocks 35 at equal angles around its circumference.

[0043] Furthermore, the transmission component is a pulley 8 located at the end of the shaft of the drive wheel 3 and the seeding shaft 30, and the two pulleys 8 are connected by a belt 9.

[0044] Furthermore, two guide blocks 16 that cooperate with the seeding block 31 are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the seeding hopper 1.

[0045] Furthermore, the sealing cap 19 is provided with a soft sealing gasket that mates with the inlet tube 18.

[0046] A method for using an intelligent agricultural seeding device for agricultural planting, applied to the aforementioned intelligent agricultural seeding device, includes the following steps:

[0047] S1: The device is powered by the drive wheel 3 rolling on the ground. The drive wheel 3 shaft transmits power to the sowing shaft 30 through a transmission assembly consisting of pulley 8 and belt 9, driving the sowing roller 29 to rotate in the circular groove of the sowing block 31. The bean seeds in the sowing hopper 1 fall into the seed holes 28 on the rotating sowing roller 29 under the action of gravity. The volume of each seed hole 28 is designed to hold only a single bean seed. When the seed hole 28 carrying a single seed rotates with the sowing roller 29 to align with the lower sowing port 27, the single seed falls from the sowing port 27 and enters the negative pressure synchronous atomizing sowing tube 11.

[0048] S2: When a single bean seed falls and passes through the photoelectric detection area formed by the through-beam photoelectric sensor 33 at the upper end of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding tube 11, the sensor 33 generates a detection signal and transmits it to the intelligent controller 7; after receiving the signal, the intelligent controller 7, after a predetermined delay calculation, synchronously sends a start command to the gear pump 24 and the second air pump 26; the gear pump 24 pumps the rhizobium agent in the storage tank 17 into the annular atomizing nozzle 10 through the infusion tube 25; simultaneously, the second air pump 26 produces... The fresh airflow is delivered to the annular air supply head 34 through the air supply pipe 32, and forms a high-speed downward jet airflow through its air outlet. When the jet airflow passes through the smallest inner diameter part of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding pipe 11, a static pressure zone significantly lower than atmospheric pressure is generated at this point according to the Venturi effect. This negative pressure environment works synergistically with the annular atomizing nozzle 10 to fully atomize the inoculant, forming a cone-shaped inoculant mist covering the cross-section of the pipe diameter. At this moment, a single seed that happens to fall into this area is wrapped by the inoculant mist, completing the first coverage.

[0049] S3: The seeds, after the initial wrapping, continue to fall and exit from the lower outlet of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding tube 11. They then enter the secondary wrapping chamber 13 through the tangentially set seed inlet. The intelligent controller 7 controls the first air pump 15 to start, and the generated high-speed airflow is injected tangentially into the secondary wrapping chamber 13 through the air delivery pipe 21 and the tangential air pipe 20. This high-speed airflow gives the seeds an initial tangential velocity, causing them to spiral down close to the inner wall of the chamber. A short section of spiral assisting roller 36 set on the inner wall of the chamber plays a key guiding and assisting role in this process. It guides and ensures that the seeds obtain a stable initial state of rotation, forming a controllable spiral roll. After gaining sufficient kinetic energy, the seeds will naturally fall off from the end of the spiral assisting roller 36 and continue to roll in the subsequent chamber space due to inertia. This process ensures that the areas that may have been missed during the initial wrapping of the seeds are evenly covered in a second, all-round manner.

[0050] S4: The legume seeds that have completed the second uniform wrapping are finally discharged through the extension tube 14 at the lower end of the second wrapping cavity 13 and fall precisely into the seed furrow opened by the furrow opener 5. Then the soil covering device 6 performs the soil covering operation to complete the sowing.

[0051] S5: Throughout the entire operation, the intelligent controller 7 monitors the temperature of the bacterial agent in real time through the temperature sensor set at the bottom of the storage tank 17, and controls the semiconductor cooling plate 22 to work according to the preset activity protection temperature range. It uses its cold end to efficiently cool the bottom of the storage tank 17, and dissipates the heat from the hot end to the environment through the heat dissipation fins 23, ensuring that the bacterial agent maintains high activity throughout the storage and use process.

[0052] The working principle of the intelligent agricultural sowing device and method for agricultural planting provided by this invention is as follows:

[0053] In use, the device is pulled forward by a tractor or other power equipment via a connecting rod 4, causing the drive wheel 3 to rotate. Power is transmitted to the sowing shaft 30 via a transmission assembly consisting of pulleys 8 and belts 9, driving the sowing roller 29 to rotate uniformly within the sowing block 31. The bean seeds in the sowing hopper 1 fall into the seed holes 28 on the sowing roller 29 under gravity. Each seed hole 28 is precisely designed to hold only a single seed, ensuring single-seed extraction. When the seed hole 28 carrying the seed rotates to align with the lower sowing opening 27, the single seed falls precisely under gravity into the negative pressure synchronous atomization sowing tube 11. Simultaneously, the intelligent controller 7 monitors the agent temperature in real time via a temperature sensor located at the bottom of the storage tank 17 and controls the semiconductor cooling plate 22. Its cold end cools the bottom of the storage tank 17, while the heat from the hot end is dissipated through the heat dissipation fins 23. This design maintains the agent at a constant temperature of 4°C. The -10°C low-temperature dormancy preservation state fundamentally avoids the activity decay of the inoculant caused by temperature fluctuations during storage. A single seed falling from the sowing port 27, upon entering the negative pressure synchronous atomizing sowing tube 11, passes through the detection light curtain formed by the through-beam photoelectric sensor 33 installed on its upper part. The sensor 33 immediately generates a detection signal and sends it to the intelligent controller 7. The intelligent controller 7, acting as the system's "brain," immediately executes a precise trigger control program upon receiving the signal: after a preset, extremely short delay, it simultaneously sends a start command to the gear pump 24 and the second air pump 26. The gear pump 24 precisely extracts a quantitative amount of low-temperature, high-activity inoculant and delivers it through the infusion tube 25 to the annular atomizing nozzle 10. The second air pump 26... The generated compressed air is delivered to the annular air supply head 34 through the air supply pipe 32, and a high-speed jet of air is ejected downwards from its air outlet. When this high-speed airflow passes through the smallest inner diameter part of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding pipe 11, according to the Venturi effect, the static pressure at this point is significantly lower than atmospheric pressure. The inoculant sprayed from the annular atomizing nozzle 10 is violently sheared and pulled under this negative pressure environment, instantly atomizing to form a cone-shaped inoculant mist that fills the entire pipe diameter. At this moment, the single seed falling into this area is evenly and completely enveloped by the mist, completing the initial envelopment. This "single seed triggering" mode eliminates the ineffectiveness of the inoculant. After initial spraying and waste, the seeds, having undergone the first wrapping, continue to fall and exit from the lower outlet of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding tube 11. They then enter the secondary wrapping chamber 13 through a tangentially positioned seed inlet. Almost simultaneously with the seed entry, the intelligent controller 7 activates the first air pump 15. The resulting high-speed airflow, transmitted through the air delivery pipe 21 and the tangential air pipe 20, is injected tangentially into the secondary wrapping chamber 13 at high speed. This tangential airflow, combined with the tangential seed inlet, imparts an extremely high initial tangential velocity to the seeds, causing them to spiral down close to the inner wall of the chamber. A short spiral-assisted rolling track 36 on the inner wall of the chamber initially guides and accelerates this motion, ensuring that the seeds quickly enter a stable spiral tumbling state. Subsequently, the seeds detach from the end of the rolling track.Relying on inertia, the seeds continuously tumble within the subsequent cavity space. This forced, active spiral tumbling motion thoroughly exposes areas such as depressions and sides that might have been missed during the initial coating due to the "shadow effect," allowing for a secondary, all-around compensatory coating. This ultimately achieves a highly uniform distribution of the inoculant on the surface of each seed. The bean seeds, now fully coated, are discharged through the extension tube 14 at the lower end of the secondary coating cavity 13, precisely falling into the seed furrow opened by the furrow opener 5. Subsequently, the covering device 6 covers the seeds with soil, completing the entire intelligent sowing process.

[0054] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent agricultural seeding device for agricultural planting, comprising a seeding hopper, a support plate vertically arranged on the lower surface of the seeding hopper, a drive wheel rotatably arranged at the lower end of the support plate via a rotating shaft, a connecting rod arranged on the side of the seeding hopper, and a furrow opener and a soil covering device arranged on the seeding hopper, characterized in that: The seeding hopper is open at both the top and bottom. A seed block is located in the lower inner part of the seeding hopper, with its lower surface flush with the lower surface of the seeding hopper. A seeding roller is rotatably mounted in a circular groove on the seeding block. A seeding shaft is located at the center of the seeding roller and is rotatably connected to the side of the seeding hopper via a bearing. The seeding shaft is also connected to the shaft of a drive wheel via a transmission assembly. Seed holes are evenly spaced at equal angles on the seeding roller. Seeding openings corresponding to the seed holes are located on both the top and bottom surfaces of the seeding block. A negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding tube corresponding to the seeding opening is located on the lower surface of the seeding block. The inner diameter at both ends is larger than the inner diameter at the middle. An annular air supply head is provided on the upper inner part of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding tube. The annular air supply head has air outlets evenly spaced downwards at equal angles. A second air pump is provided on the lower surface of the seeding hopper. The air outlet of the second air pump is connected to the annular air supply head via an air supply pipe. Symmetrical through-beam photoelectric sensors are provided on the upper end of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding tube. A storage tank is provided on the side of the seeding hopper. A gear pump is provided at the lower outlet of the storage tank. A delivery pipe is provided at the outlet of the gear pump. An annular atomizing nozzle is provided at the end of the delivery pipe, and the annular atomizing nozzle is located in the middle of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding tube. At the smaller inner diameter, the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding tube has through holes evenly spaced at equal angles, corresponding to the spray nozzles of the annular atomizing nozzle. An inlet pipe is located at the upper feed inlet of the storage tank, and a sealing cap is threaded onto the inlet pipe. A secondary wrapping and mixing assembly is located at the lower seed outlet of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding tube. An intelligent controller is located on the side of the seeding hopper. The input terminal of the intelligent controller is electrically connected to the output terminal of a through-beam photoelectric sensor, and the output terminal of the intelligent controller is electrically connected to the input terminal of a gear pump. The secondary wrapping and mixing assembly is a secondary wrapping cavity located at the lower seed outlet of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding tube. The upper end of the encapsulation cavity is provided with a seed inlet that corresponds to the seed outlet at the lower end of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding tube, and the seed inlet is tangential to the inner side wall of the secondary encapsulation cavity. A tangential air pipe is provided through the side wall of the secondary encapsulation cavity, and the air outlet of the tangential air pipe is matched with the seed inlet. A spiral assisting roller is provided inside the secondary encapsulation cavity, which matches the tangential air pipe and the seed inlet. A first air pump is provided on the support plate. The air outlet of the first air pump is connected to the tangential air pipe through an air delivery pipe. The input end of the first air pump is electrically connected to the output end of the intelligent controller. A mounting frame is provided on the lower surface of the seed block, and the secondary encapsulation cavity is fixedly connected to the mounting frame.

2. The intelligent agricultural seeding device for agricultural planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: An extension tube is provided at the seed outlet at the lower end of the secondary encapsulation cavity.

3. The intelligent agricultural seeding device for agricultural planting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper inner wall of the storage tank is hollow, the bottom of the storage tank is made of thermally conductive material, a semiconductor cooling plate is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the storage tank, the cold end of the semiconductor cooling plate is in contact with the bottom of the storage tank, the input end of the semiconductor cooling plate is electrically connected to the output end of the intelligent controller, and a temperature sensor is provided on the inner bottom of the storage tank, and the output end of the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the input end of the intelligent controller.

4. The intelligent agricultural seeding device for agricultural planting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The semiconductor cooling plate has heat dissipation fins evenly arranged at equal angles.

5. The intelligent agricultural seeding device for agricultural planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive wheel is provided with soil friction blocks at equal angles around its circumference.

6. The intelligent agricultural seeding device for agricultural planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission component consists of pulleys located at the ends of the drive wheel shaft and the sowing shaft, with the two pulleys connected by a belt drive.

7. The intelligent agricultural seeding device for agricultural planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the seeding hopper is symmetrically provided with two guide blocks that cooperate with the seeding blocks.

8. The intelligent agricultural seeding device for agricultural planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing cap is equipped with a soft sealing gasket that mates with the inlet tube.

9. A method for using an intelligent agricultural seeding device for agricultural planting, applied to the intelligent agricultural seeding device for agricultural planting as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1: The device is powered by a drive wheel rolling on the ground. The drive wheel shaft transmits power to the sowing shaft through a transmission assembly consisting of pulleys and belts, driving the sowing roller to rotate in the circular groove of the sowing block. The bean seeds in the sowing hopper fall into the seed holes on the rotating sowing roller under the action of gravity. The volume of each seed hole is designed to hold only a single bean seed. When the seed hole carrying a single seed rotates with the sowing roller to align with the sowing opening at the bottom, the single seed falls from the sowing opening and enters the negative pressure synchronous atomization sowing tube. S2: When a single bean seed falls and passes through the photoelectric detection area formed by a through-beam photoelectric sensor at the upper end of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding tube, the sensor generates a detection signal and transmits it to the intelligent controller. After receiving the signal, the intelligent controller performs a predetermined delay calculation and synchronously sends a start command to the gear pump and the second air pump. The gear pump pumps the rhizobium agent in the storage tank into the annular atomizing nozzle through the delivery pipe. At the same time, the airflow generated by the second air pump is delivered to the annular air supply head through the air supply pipe and forms a high-speed downward jet airflow through its air outlet. When this jet airflow passes through the smallest inner diameter part of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding tube, a static pressure zone significantly lower than atmospheric pressure is generated at this point according to the Venturi effect. This negative pressure environment works synergistically with the annular atomizing nozzle to fully atomize the agent, forming a cone-shaped agent mist curtain covering the cross-section of the tube diameter. At this moment, the single seed that falls into this area is enveloped by the agent mist curtain, completing the first coverage. S3: The seeds that have been wrapped in the first layer continue to fall and are discharged from the lower outlet of the negative pressure synchronous atomizing seeding tube. They then enter the secondary wrapping chamber through the tangentially set seed inlet. The intelligent controller controls the first air pump to start, and the high-speed airflow generated is injected into the secondary wrapping chamber in a tangential direction through the air delivery pipe and the tangential air pipe. This high-speed airflow gives the seed an initial tangential velocity, causing it to spiral down along the inner wall of the cavity. A short spiral assist track on the inner wall of the cavity plays a crucial guiding and assisting role in this process. It guides and ensures that the seed obtains a stable initial state of rotation, forming a controllable spiral roll. After gaining sufficient kinetic energy, the seed will naturally detach from the end of the spiral assist track and continue to roll in the subsequent cavity space due to inertia. This process allows the seed surface to be uniformly covered in a second, all-round way in areas that may have been missed during the first wrapping. S4: The legume seeds, after completing the second uniform wrapping, are finally discharged through the extension tube at the lower end of the second wrapping chamber and fall precisely into the seed furrow opened by the furrow opener. Then, the soil covering device performs the soil covering operation to complete the sowing. S5: Throughout the entire operation, the intelligent controller monitors the temperature of the bacterial agent in real time through a temperature sensor located at the bottom of the storage tank, and controls the operation of the semiconductor cooling plate according to the preset activity protection temperature range. The cold end of the cooling plate efficiently cools the bottom of the storage tank, and the hot end heat is dissipated to the environment through heat dissipation fins, ensuring that the bacterial agent maintains high activity throughout the storage and use process.

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