Personalized diet rapid prototyping method based on double-food-material high-density charge adsorption

Abstract

The invention relates to a personalized diet rapid prototyping method based on double-food-material high-density charged adsorption, and belongs to the technical field of food processing and equipment manufacturing. The mechanisms and effects of high-voltage electrostatic field soft food material polarization charging, high-voltage electrostatic atomization liquid food material micro-nano-scale high-density charging, double-food-material and double-nozzle 3D printing, electrostatic interaction coagulation accelerating and coagulation increasing and the like are utilized, double food materials containing positively charged component food materials and negatively charged component food materials are adopted, and in the double-material and double-nozzle 3D printing process, the double-material and double-nozzle 3D printing process is achieved; through the high-voltage electrostatic field with opposite polarities of the double food materials and the high-voltage electrostatic atomization charge treatment, the electrostatic interaction between the double food materials is enhanced, the interlayer bonding strength of a printed product is improved, and the structural supporting force of the printed product is improved. According to the invention, the problems of easy collapse, low precision, low efficiency, limited application scene and scale and the like caused by poor support performance of a personalized diet rapid prototyping structure are solved, efficient and high-quality creation of personalized diet rapid prototyping products is realized, and industrialized application of personalized diet rapid prototyping is accelerated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a method for rapid forming of personalized meals based on double-ingredient high-density charged adsorption, and belongs to the technical fields of food processing and equipment manufacturing. BACKGROUND

[0002] Rapid forming technology, also known as additive manufacturing technology or 3D printing technology, has been widely applied in the fields of machinery, medicine, chemical industry, electronics and aviation due to its high precision, rapidness, low cost and simple operation. In recent years, rapid forming technology has been applied to the development of personalized meals, such as elderly easy-to-swallow food, special-shaped children's leisure food and adult favorite food. However, personalized meals usually have high water content and poor support, which leads to problems such as product collapse, low precision and low efficiency during printing, and limits the application scenarios and scale. Adding gelatin, colloid, starch and other gelatinizing materials can improve the printability of food ingredients, but too much gelatinizing material not only causes nozzle blockage, but also changes the taste and flavor of the printed product, which is difficult for consumers to accept. Therefore, the direction of personalized meal rapid forming research is to add no or less gelatinizing material.

[0003] Rapid forming food ingredients are rich in carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, minerals and vitamins. Some of these ingredients can form gels, for example, high-methoxyl pectin in carbohydrates will cause pectin molecules to dehydrate and charge neutralization under high-sugar and low-acid conditions, forming a gel for leisure hawthorn product processing. In addition, some ingredients in food have net charges, such as negatively charged polysaccharides such as sodium alginate, xanthan gum and carrageenan in carbohydrates, and positively charged chitosan; most proteins are negatively charged and a small part is positively charged (gelatin) under neutral pH conditions; the electrostatic interaction between the two ingredients can increase the gel strength, for example, the interaction between milk protein (positively charged casein) and carrageenan enhances the gel strength, and the electrostatic interaction effect of the two ingredients has been used in frozen confectionery and dairy product processing.

[0004] Studies have shown that high-voltage electrostatic field treatment can polarize soft food ingredients, change the potential, and thus improve the gel strength. Liquid food ingredients are treated by high-voltage electrostatic atomization, which can be cracked into micron or even nanometer level charged droplets, realizing high-density charging of liquid food ingredients. In addition, high-voltage electrostatic field and high-voltage electrostatic atomization have sterilization and enzyme inactivation effects on food ingredients, reducing the loss of nutritional ingredients in food ingredients.

[0005] Therefore, based on the electrostatic coagulation mechanism, as well as the polarization, high-density charging mechanism and effect of ingredients, positively charged and negatively charged ingredients are selected. Through the high-voltage electrostatic field of the two ingredients and the high-voltage electrostatic atomization for high-density charging, and using the dual-material dual-nozzle 3D printing technology, the interlayer gel strength of the printed product is enhanced and the structural support of the product is improved by alternating thin-layer printing of the two ingredients and the high-charge electrostatic interaction. This solves the problem of nozzle clogging and poor support after single-ingredient gelation. This method can not only realize the rapid prototyping and processing of personalized food, but also improve the quality and safety of printed food.

[0006] Yang Xuxu et al. (Application No.: CN202311150667.5) disclosed a hydrogel coating, its preparation method, and its application. This patent employs high-voltage electrostatic spraying to electrostatically adsorb hydrogel coating powder onto the substrate surface, followed by water spraying for re-dissolution. The hydrogel undergoes initial self-gelling and adhesion to the substrate through hydrogen bonding, and then further bonds through dynamic covalent bonds to form a hydrogel coating. The difference in this patent lies in utilizing a dual-material high-voltage electrostatic field for charging, dual-material dual-nozzle 3D printing, and electrostatic interaction to enhance the gel strength of the 3D printed product, increase structural support, and enable rapid molding.

[0007] Liu Lili et al. (Application No.: 202510562287.5) disclosed a method and equipment for dual-nozzle 3D printing of protein-based nanoparticle gels. This patent utilizes dual-nozzle 3D printing technology to achieve precise textural control and personalized nutritional design by loading proanthocyanidins onto protein-based nanoparticles and combining them with corn starch, gelatin, and other materials to construct a composite gel system as the printing wall material. Protein, citrus juice, and peony seed oil emulsion are used as the core material. The patent differs in that it combines a high-voltage electrostatic field and high-voltage electrostatic atomization polarization charging with dual-material dual-nozzle printing, thereby enhancing gel strength and enabling rapid food molding and sterilization.

[0008] Hu Yang et al. (Application No.: CN202411025106.7) disclosed a method for 3D food printing of two-color materials using dual-nozzle technology. This patent uses a high-internal-phase emulsion gel containing xanthan gum as a texture modifier to improve the printability and chewability of pea protein gel. The difference in this patent lies in the combination of a high-voltage electrostatic field and high-voltage electrostatic atomization polarization charging with dual-material dual-nozzle printing to improve gel strength, achieving rapid food molding and sterilization.

[0009] Wang Yuchuan et al. (Application No.: CN202411770174.6) disclosed a 3D printing device for shaping snacks based on dual materials and three nozzles, and its application. This patent employs synergistic technologies such as dual-material combined gel, dual-nozzle 3D printing, single-nozzle dehydration and coagulation, and physical field curing or drying to solve problems such as nozzle clogging in single-nozzle 3D printing, collapse in dual-nozzle 3D printing, low printing efficiency, and simple product shapes. The difference in this patent lies in the use of high-density charging and electrostatic interaction of dual ingredients, along with dual-material dual-nozzle 3D printing, which improves the gel strength, structural support, and printability of the printed product, enabling rapid shaping of food ingredients.

[0010] Lu Baiyi et al. (Application No.: CN202311447339.1) disclosed a composite modified starch, its preparation method, and its application in ice cream 3D printing. This patent employs a "pulsed electric field + crosslinking + etherification" method to improve the performance and modification efficiency of modified starch, solving the problems of high gelatinization viscosity and poor emulsification in the application of native starch to ice cream production. The difference in this patent lies in the use of a high-voltage electrostatic field, high-voltage electrostatic atomization, and a dual-material, dual-nozzle 3D printing synergistic method to increase the charge of the two ingredients, enhance their electrostatic interaction, and enable rapid shaping of the ingredients.

[0011] Lan Hongbo et al. (Application No.: 201810726142.4) disclosed an integrated nozzle electric field driven micro-nano 3D printing device and its working method. This patent integrates material feeding, material delivery, and the printing nozzle into one unit, enabling arbitrary shape forming. The material supply during the printing process is stable and continuous. However, this patent uses single-material, single-nozzle printing, and the highest operating voltage of the high-voltage DC power supply is only 4KV. The difference in this patent lies in its use of dual-material, dual-nozzle 3D printing and an ultra-high-voltage DC power supply (maximum voltage 150KV) along with insulating materials and electrical isolation measures. Through high-density charging of the dual materials, dual-nozzle printing, and electrostatic interaction, the structural support of the printed product is improved, enabling rapid product forming and a wider range of applications.

[0012] Yu Xiaofei et al. conducted research on soybean protein preparation using a single-nozzle microwave 3D printer (Food Chemistry). This research enabled soybean protein, which was unsuitable for 3D printing, to self-gel during the printing process after microwave pre-denaturation, improving the printability and molding quality of the soybean protein slurry. This patent differs in that it employs non-thermal physical processing technologies such as high-voltage electrostatic field, high-voltage electrostatic atomization, and electrostatic interaction to promote increased gel strength between the two food ingredients, thereby improving the structural support of the printed product online, achieving rapid food molding, and simultaneously improving the quality and safety of the printed product.

[0013] Wang Yu et al. (Innovative FoodScience & Emerging Technologies) conducted research on plant protein substrates using dual-nozzle 3D printing. They achieved continuous printing of two plant protein-based materials using a dual-nozzle 3D printer, improving the 3D printing efficiency of various plant protein substrates. However, this research did not address the interaction between the two different ingredients. This patent differs in that it employs a high-voltage electrostatic field, high-voltage electrostatic atomization polarization charging, and alternating printing with dual materials and dual nozzles. This enhances gel strength, improves the printing performance of the 3D printing materials, enables rapid product formation, and simultaneously improves the quality and safety of the printed products.

[0014] In summary, the high water content of personalized meals leads to poor structural support and a tendency to collapse during rapid prototyping. While adding gelling agents (proteins, colloids, starches, etc.) can improve printing characteristics, high-strength gels can easily cause nozzle clogging and alterations in texture and flavor, limiting application scenarios. This invention utilizes a high-voltage electric field, high-voltage electrostatic atomization of food polarization, and high-density charging, along with electrostatic interaction to promote coagulation. It employs a synergistic method of high-voltage electrostatic field, high-voltage electrostatic atomization, and dual-nozzle 3D printing to strengthen the interlayer gel of the two food ingredients during printing, thereby improving the structural support of the printed product online. This enables rapid prototyping of personalized meals while simultaneously improving product quality and safety. Currently, no methods or devices for rapid prototyping of personalized meals based on high-density charged adsorption of two food ingredients have been reported domestically or internationally. Summary of the Invention

[0015] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of personalized dietary rapid prototyping, such as poor structural support leading to easy collapse, low precision, low efficiency, and limited application scenarios and scalability. It provides a method for personalized dietary rapid prototyping based on high-density charged adsorption of dual ingredients, which increases the interlayer bonding strength of the printed product and improves the structural support of the printed product.

[0016] The technical solution of this invention is a method for rapid preparation of personalized meals based on high-density charged adsorption of two ingredients, the steps of which are as follows: (1) Food preparation: Select charged components of food, prepare soft food, measure the food potential, and load it into the extruder; select charged components of food, prepare liquid food, measure the food potential, and load it into the atomizer; the potential of soft food is opposite to that of liquid food. (2) Rapid prototyping process: The soft food prepared in step (1) is placed in an extrusion device, and the liquid food is placed in a high-voltage electrostatic atomization spraying device. The 3D printing process is used for dual-nozzle printing. The soft food extrusion system is printed in the form of extrusion, and the liquid food atomization system is printed in the form of atomization by applying a high-voltage electrostatic field to the high-voltage electrostatic supply system. Finally, personalized meals are prepared.

[0017] The dual ingredients are specifically a combination of hawthorn jam and sugar solution or a combination of freeze-dried milk powder and carrageenan solution.

[0018] When the two ingredients are specifically a combination of hawthorn jam and sugar solution, the preparation is as follows: Preparation of the soft ingredient: Take fresh hawthorn, remove rotten hawthorn, wash, remove stems, remove pits, and protect color, then put it in a stainless steel pot and steam for 10-15 minutes, take it out and crush it with a pulping machine, and squeeze it through a 400-800 mesh sieve to obtain soft ingredient hawthorn jam. Preparation of the liquid food ingredient: Take the raw materials according to the mass ratio of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt: sucrose: water 1~1.2:30~50:100~120, place them in a 50℃ water bath and stir continuously until fully dissolved. Remove the solution and filter it through a 400~800 mesh filter to obtain a liquid food ingredient sugar solution.

[0019] During molding, the specific parameters are as follows: Soft food extrusion system: printing speed 15~30 mm / s, printing layer height 0.8~1.2 mm, extrusion nozzle 27 inner diameter 0.5~2.0 mm, voltage -80 ~ -100kV; Liquid food atomization system: atomizing nozzle inner diameter 0.02~0.06 mm, flow rate 0.5~1.5 mL / min, voltage 80 ~120 kV; Click the rapid molding run button to start product printing.

[0020] The soft food ingredient is specifically freeze-dried milk; the liquid food ingredient is specifically carrageenan solution. Preparation of the soft food ingredient: Weigh the raw materials according to the weight ratio of freeze-dried milk powder: modified starch: maltodextrin: β-cyclodextrin: granulated sugar: water of 1~1.2:0.05~0.07:0.07~0.09:0.09~0.12:0.13~0.15:1.98~2.20; Mix the raw materials except freeze-dried milk powder thoroughly and heat rapidly to boiling, stop heating, add freeze-dried milk powder, stir and cool to room temperature, and filter to obtain the soft food ingredient; Preparation of the liquid food ingredient: Weigh the raw materials according to the weight ratio of carrageenan: lactose: water of 1~1.5: 10~12: 100~120, stir continuously in a 50℃ water bath until fully dissolved, and then filter through a 400~800 mesh filter to obtain the liquid food ingredient.

[0021] During the molding process, the specific parameters are as follows: For soft food extrusion systems: printing speed 25~40 mm / s, printing layer height 1~1.5 mm, voltage 70~100 kV, extrusion nozzle 27 inner diameter 1.0~1.5 mm; For liquid food atomization systems: voltage -80~-120 kV, atomization nozzle inner diameter 0.02~0.06 mm, flow rate 0.5~1.5 mL / min; Click the rapid prototyping run button to start product printing.

[0022] Another technical solution of the present invention is a personalized rapid food preparation device based on high-density charged adsorption of dual ingredients, comprising a rapid preparation platform system, a dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system, a gas supply system, a vacuum system, and a control system; the rapid preparation platform system includes a platform support system, a soft food extrusion system, a liquid food atomization system, and a 3D driving system; the dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system is connected to the soft food extrusion system and the liquid food atomization system respectively via high-voltage lines; the gas supply system and the vacuum system are connected to the liquid food atomization system respectively via air pipes; the control system controls the operation of the soft food extrusion system, the liquid food atomization system, the 3D driving system, the dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system, the gas supply system, and the vacuum system.

[0023] Furthermore, the platform support system includes a frame, a rapid prototyping platform, and a dual-nozzle fixing component; the frame is hollow and houses the rapid prototyping platform; the frame also houses the dual-nozzle fixing component.

[0024] Furthermore, the frame, rapid prototyping platform, and dual-nozzle fixture are all made of high-strength insulating materials.

[0025] The soft food extrusion system includes an extruder and a drive motor; the extruder is mounted on a dual-nozzle fixture; an extrusion nozzle is installed at the end of the extruder; the extrusion nozzle is connected to a dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system via an extrusion high-voltage line.

[0026] The liquid food atomization system includes an atomizer, a pneumatic valve, and a solenoid valve; the atomizer is also mounted on a dual nozzle fixture; the upper part of the atomizer is connected to a vacuum system via a pneumatic valve and to a gas supply system via a solenoid valve; an atomizing nozzle is installed at the end of the atomizer and is connected to a dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system via an atomizing high-voltage line.

[0027] The 3D driving system includes an X-axis driving device, a Y-axis driving device, and a Z-axis driving device; the X-axis driving device and the Y-axis driving device are connected to a dual-nozzle fixing component and control the movement of the dual-nozzle fixing component in the X-axis and Y-axis planes; the Z-axis driving device is connected to a rapid prototyping platform and controls the vertical movement of the rapid prototyping platform.

[0028] Furthermore, the drive shafts of the X-axis drive device, Y-axis drive device, and Z-axis drive device are all made of high-strength insulating material.

[0029] The vacuum system includes a vacuum regulating valve, a separator, and a vacuum pump; the vacuum pump is equipped with a vacuum regulating valve and a separator at its front end; the vacuum pump is connected to an atomizer via an air pipe; The gas supply system includes a pressure regulating valve, a pressure reducing valve, and a nitrogen tank; the nitrogen tank is equipped with a pressure regulating valve and a pressure reducing valve at its front end; the nitrogen tank is connected to the atomizer via a gas pipe; The dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system includes a positive high-voltage DC power supply, a negative high-voltage DC power supply, a changeover switch, an extrusion high-voltage line, an atomization high-voltage line, a positive power supply pneumatic switch, and a negative power supply pneumatic switch.

[0030] Furthermore, the switch allows the extrusion nozzle and atomizing nozzle to be connected to different types of high-voltage DC power supplies.

[0031] Furthermore, the positive power pneumatic switch controls the negative high-voltage DC power supply to operate with electrical insulation isolation from the positive high-voltage DC power supply; the negative power pneumatic switch controls the positive high-voltage DC power supply to operate with electrical insulation isolation from the negative high-voltage DC power supply.

[0032] The control system mainly includes a control cabinet, which controls other systems.

[0033] Furthermore, one end of the dual nozzle fixing component is designed with an internal thread hole for installing the extruder, and the other end is designed with a through hole, the through hole of which is designed with thread holes for installing and fixing the atomizer.

[0034] Furthermore, the upper part of the extruder is designed with an external thread, which is connected to the internal thread hole of the dual nozzle fixing component; the upper part of the extruder is connected to the drive motor through a piston; the piston is fixed on the lead screw of the drive motor; an extrusion nozzle is installed on the lower part of the extruder, and an electrode is welded onto the extrusion nozzle.

[0035] Furthermore, the extruder, piston, and drive motor screw are all made of high-strength insulating materials; the extrusion nozzle is made of metal.

[0036] The atomizer is designed with a sealing cover at the top, and a quick connector is installed on the sealing cover; the atomizer is connected to the vacuum pump through an air pipe and a pneumatic valve, a vacuum regulating valve, and a separator, and is also connected to the nitrogen tank through an air pipe and a solenoid valve, a pressure regulating valve, and a pressure reducing valve; an atomizing nozzle is installed at the bottom of the atomizer; electrodes are welded on the atomizing nozzle; Furthermore, the atomizer is made of insulating material; the separator is made of glass; and the atomizing nozzle is made of metal.

[0037] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) Compared with the existing single-nozzle 3D printing method, the present invention adopts a personalized rapid food molding method with high-density charged adsorption of dual ingredients. Under the condition of no or minimal addition of gel auxiliary materials, the gel strength of the ingredients is increased through the electrostatic interaction of the two ingredients, thereby improving the structural support of the printed product and realizing rapid food molding processing.

[0038] (2) Compared with the existing dual-material dual-nozzle 3D printing method, the present invention greatly improves the overall gel strength of dual-material dual-nozzle 3D printed products by polarizing high-density charge of soft food with high-voltage electrostatic field and high-density charge of liquid food with high-voltage electrostatic atomization at the micro-nano scale, thereby rapidly improving the structural support of printed products online, solving the problem of easy collapse during the rapid forming process of food, and realizing efficient and precise forming and processing of food.

[0039] (3) Compared with existing 3D printing methods, the present invention uses high voltage electrostatic field and high voltage electrostatic atomization treatment to not only improve the electrostatic bonding force of soft and liquid ingredients, but also to sterilize and inactivate enzymes in soft and liquid ingredients, thereby improving the quality and safety of personalized dietary rapid prototyping products.

[0040] (4) Compared with existing high-voltage electrostatic field 3D printing devices, the present invention adopts high-strength insulating materials and effective electrical insulation isolation design, which can enable the rapid prototyping device to operate normally under high DC voltage conditions, and improve the stability, reliability and safety of the personalized dietary rapid prototyping device. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the present invention.

[0043] Reference numerals: 1. Frame; 2. X-axis drive motor; 3. Printing platform; 4. Personalized rapid prototyping product; 5. Extruder; 6. Dual nozzle fixture; 7. Drive motor; 8. Atomizer; 9. Pneumatic valve; 10. Vacuum regulating valve; 11. Separator; 12. Vacuum pump; 13. Solenoid valve; 14. Pressure regulating valve; 15. Pressure reducing valve; 16. Nitrogen tank; 17. Y-axis drive motor; 18. Z-axis drive motor; 19. Changeover switch; 20. Positive power pneumatic switch; 21. Negative power pneumatic switch; 22. Positive high-voltage DC power supply; 23. Negative high-voltage DC power supply; 24. Control cabinet; 25. Soft ingredients; 26. Extrusion high-voltage line; 27. Extrusion nozzle; 28. Liquid ingredients; 29. ​​Atomization switch; 30. Atomization high-voltage line; 31. Atomization nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0045] Example 1: A Personalized Meal Rapid Formulation Device Based on High-Density Charged Adsorption of Two Ingredients like Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a rapid prototyping platform system, a dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system, a gas supply system, a vacuum system, and a control system. The rapid prototyping platform system includes a platform support system, a soft food extrusion system, a liquid food atomization system, and a 3D driving system. The dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system is connected to the soft food extrusion system and the liquid food atomization system via extrusion high-voltage lines and atomization high-voltage lines, respectively. The gas supply system and the vacuum system are connected to the liquid food atomization system via air pipes. The control system controls the operation of the soft food extrusion system, the liquid food atomization system, the 3D driving system, the dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system, the gas supply system, and the vacuum system.

[0046] The platform support system includes a frame 1, a rapid prototyping platform 3, and a dual-nozzle fixing component 6; the frame 1 is hollow and houses the rapid prototyping platform 3 inside; the frame 1 also houses the dual-nozzle fixing component 6; the dual-nozzle fixing component 6 is connected to the soft food extrusion system, the liquid food atomization system, and the 3D drive system; the frame 1, the rapid prototyping platform 3, and the dual-nozzle fixing component 6 are all made of high-strength insulating material; The soft food extrusion system includes an extruder 5 and a stepper motor 7; the extruder 5 is mounted on a dual-nozzle fixture 6; an extrusion nozzle 27 is installed at the end of the extruder 5; the extrusion nozzle 27 is connected to a dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system via an extrusion high-voltage line 26. The liquid food atomization system includes an atomizer 8, a pneumatic valve 9, and a solenoid valve 13; the atomizer 8 is also mounted on a dual nozzle fixing component 6; the upper part of the atomizer 8 is connected to a vacuum system and a gas supply system respectively through an air pipe; the air pipe is equipped with a pneumatic valve 9 and a solenoid valve 13 respectively; an atomization switch 29 is installed at the end of the atomizer 8, and an atomization nozzle 31 is connected below the atomization switch 29; the atomization nozzle 31 is connected to a dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system through an atomization high-voltage line 30. The 3D driving system includes an X-axis driving device 2, a Y-axis driving device 17, and a Z-axis driving device 18; the X-axis driving device 2 and the Y-axis driving device 17 are connected to the dual-nozzle fixing member 6, controlling the movement of the dual-nozzle fixing member 6 in the X-axis and Y-axis planes; the Z-axis driving device 18 is connected to the rapid prototyping platform 3, controlling the vertical movement of the rapid prototyping platform 3. The drive shafts of the X-axis drive device 2, Y-axis drive device 17 and Z-axis drive device 18 are all made of high-strength insulating material; the X-axis drive device 2 and Y-axis drive device 17 drive the double nozzle fixing piece 6 to move through an insulating belt; The vacuum system includes a vacuum regulating valve 10, a separator 11, and a vacuum pump 12; the vacuum pump 12 is equipped with a vacuum regulating valve 10 and a separator 11 at its front end; the vacuum pump 12 is connected to the atomizer 8 through an air pipe; The gas supply system includes a pressure regulating valve 14, a pressure reducing valve 15, and a nitrogen tank 16; the nitrogen tank 16 is equipped with a pressure regulating valve 14 and a pressure reducing valve 15 at its front end; the nitrogen tank 16 is connected to the atomizer 8 through a gas pipe; The dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system includes a positive high-voltage DC power supply 22, a negative high-voltage DC power supply 23, a changeover switch 19, a positive high-voltage DC power supply pneumatic switch 20, a negative high-voltage DC power supply pneumatic switch 21, an extrusion high-voltage line 26, and an atomizing high-voltage line 30. The control system mainly includes a control cabinet 24, which controls other systems.

[0047] The dual nozzle fixing component 6 has an internal threaded hole at one end for installing the extruder 5, and a through hole at the other end with threaded holes for installing and fixing the atomizer 8. The upper part of the extruder 5 is designed with an external thread, which is connected to the internal thread hole of the dual nozzle fixing part 6; the upper part of the extruder 5 is connected to the drive motor 7 through a piston, and the lower part is equipped with an extrusion nozzle 27; the piston is fixed on the lead screw of the drive motor 7; the extrusion nozzle 27 is welded with electrodes; The extruder 5, the lead screw of the drive motor 7, and the piston are all made of high-strength insulating materials; the extrusion nozzle 27 is made of metal. The upper sealing cap of the atomizer 8 is connected to the vacuum pump 12 via an air pipe, a pneumatic valve 9, a vacuum regulating valve 10, and a separator 11, and is also connected to the nitrogen tank 16 via an air pipe, a solenoid valve 13, a pressure regulating valve 14, and a pressure reducing valve 15; an atomizing switch 30 is installed at the lower part of the atomizer 8, and an atomizing nozzle 31 is connected below the atomizing switch 30; electrodes are welded onto the atomizing nozzle 31; The atomizer 8 is made of insulating material; the separator (11) is made of glass; and the atomizing nozzle 31 is made of metal. The positive high-voltage DC power supply 22 outputs a voltage range of 0–150 kV; the negative high-voltage DC power supply 23 outputs a voltage range of -150–0 kV; the changeover switch 19 can switch the connection between the extrusion nozzle 27 and the atomizing nozzle 31 and the positive high-voltage DC power supply 22 or the negative high-voltage DC power supply 23; the extrusion nozzle 27 and the atomizing nozzle 31 are connected to different types of high-voltage DC power supplies; the positive high-voltage DC power supply pneumatic switch 20 controls the connection between the positive high-voltage DC power supply 22 and the extrusion nozzle 27 or the atomizing nozzle 31; the negative power supply pneumatic switch 21 controls the connection between the negative high-voltage DC power supply 23 and the extrusion nozzle 27 or the atomizing nozzle 31.

[0048] Example 2: A method for rapid personalized meal preparation based on high-density charged adsorption of two ingredients (1) Food preparation: Select charged food ingredients, prepare soft food 25, filter, measure the potential value and polarity, and load it into extruder 5; select charged food ingredients, prepare liquid food 28, filter, measure the potential value and polarity, and load it into atomizer 8; the potential polarity of soft food 25 and liquid food 28 is opposite. (2) Rapid prototyping manufacturing: Insert the extruder 5 into the inner thread hole of the dual nozzle holder 6 and tighten it; install the extrusion nozzle 27 at the bottom of the extruder 5, and connect the electrode of the extrusion nozzle 27 to the high-voltage extrusion line 26; pass the atomizer 8 through the through hole of the dual nozzle holder 6, adjust its position, and fix it with insulating screws; install the atomizing nozzle 31 on the atomizing switch 29 at the bottom of the atomizer 8, and connect the electrode of the atomizing nozzle 31 to the high-voltage atomizing line 30; insert the quick connector of the upper sealing cap of the atomizer 8 into the air pipe, and connect the air pipe to the vacuum system and the air supply system respectively; turn on the power of the control cabinet 24, start the industrial control computer, import the printing model, and set the soft food extrusion system and the liquid food atomization system. Set the printing parameters, select the slicing software, and slice the food. Design the dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system operating program, modify the slicing program, and insert the dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system operating program. Adjust the conversion switch 19, turn on the corresponding high-voltage DC power pneumatic switch 20 / 21, and connect the extrusion nozzle 27 and atomizing nozzle 31 to the corresponding high-voltage DC power supply 22 / 23 respectively. Set the positive and negative high-voltage DC power supply parameters. Set the gas supply system and vacuum system parameters. Turn on the atomizing switch 29. Start the rapid prototyping operating program. After prototyping, a personalized dietary rapid prototyping product 4 based on the high-density charged adsorption of dual ingredients is obtained and placed on the rapid prototyping platform 3.

[0049] Furthermore, the extrusion nozzle 27 and the atomizing nozzle 31 are connected to the corresponding high-voltage DC power supply 22 / 23 according to the potential polarity of the soft food and the liquid food, that is, the positive potential food is connected to the positive high-voltage DC power supply 22, and the negative potential food is connected to the negative high-voltage DC power supply 23. Furthermore, the modified slicing program and the insertion of the dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system operation program mean that the extrusion nozzle 27 and its connected high-voltage DC power supply 22 / 23 operate synchronously, the atomizing nozzle 31 and its connected high-voltage DC power supply 22 / 23 operate synchronously, the positive high-voltage DC power supply 22 and the negative high-voltage DC power supply 23 cannot operate at the same time, and the corresponding high-voltage DC power supply pneumatic switch 20 / 21 is closed or opened. Furthermore, the soft food extrusion system prints food in an extruded form, while the liquid food atomization system prints food in an atomized form. Furthermore, the inner diameter of the extrusion nozzle 27 ranges from 0.5 to 2.0 mm; the inner diameter of the atomizing nozzle 31 ranges from 0.02 to 0.06 mm. Furthermore, the positive high-voltage DC power supply 22 operates in the range of 30~150 kV; the negative high-voltage DC power supply 23 operates in the range of -150~-30 kV.

[0050] Application Example 1: Rapid prototyping of children's food based on high-density charged adsorption of two ingredients using a combination of hawthorn jam and sugar solution (1) Preparation of soft ingredients 25: Take out fresh hawthorn from the refrigerator, remove rotten hawthorn, wash, remove stems, remove pits and protect color, then put it in a stainless steel pot and steam for 10~15 minutes, take it out and crush it with a pulping machine to get hawthorn jam, and squeeze it through an 80-mesh sieve to get soft ingredients 25; measure the potential of soft ingredients 25, put it into extruder 5, and wait for use.

[0051] (2) Preparation of liquid food 28: Take a certain amount of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and sucrose into a beaker, add tap water according to the formula ratio, the mass ratio of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt: sucrose: water in the formula is 1:40:100; stir continuously in a 50℃ water bath until fully dissolved, take it out, filter it through an 800-mesh sieve to obtain liquid food 28; measure the potential of liquid food 28 and put it into atomizer 8.

[0052] (3) Loading ingredients and connecting high voltage DC power supply: Insert the extruder 5 into the inner thread hole of the double nozzle fixing part 6, tighten it, and install the extrusion nozzle 27; pass the atomizer 8 through the through hole of the double nozzle fixing part 6, fix it with screws, and install the atomizing nozzle 31; adjust the conversion switch 19, connect the electrode of the extrusion nozzle 27 to the negative high voltage DC power supply 23 through the extrusion high voltage line 26, and connect the electrode of the atomizing nozzle 31 to the positive high voltage DC power supply 22 through the atomizing high voltage line 30.

[0053] (4) Model import and slicing program modification: Select the dual-nozzle printing model from the industrial computer model library in control cabinet 24, import the dual-nozzle printing model file, the model size is: a three-dimensional hollow cylinder with an outer diameter of 25 mm, an inner diameter of 15.4 mm and a height of 24 mm; set the soft food extrusion system as nozzle 1 and the liquid food atomization system as nozzle 2, select the slicing software and perform slicing processing; design the dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system operation program: the soft food extrusion system runs synchronously with the negative high-voltage DC power supply 23, the liquid food atomization system runs synchronously with the positive high-voltage DC power supply 22, the positive high-voltage DC power supply pneumatic switch 20 is disconnected when the negative high-voltage DC power supply 23 is running, and the negative power supply pneumatic switch 21 is disconnected when the positive high-voltage DC power supply 22 is running; put the dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system operation program into the slicing program.

[0054] (5) Rapid prototyping parameter settings and operation: Soft food extrusion system: printing speed 15~30 mm / s, printing layer height 0.8~1.2 mm, extrusion nozzle 27 inner diameter 0.5~1.2 mm, voltage -80 ~ -100 kV; Liquid food atomization system: atomizing nozzle 31 inner diameter 0.02~0.06 mm, flow rate 0.5~1.5 mL / min, voltage 80 ~120 kV; Click the rapid prototyping operation button to start product printing.

[0055] (6) Results: The soft ingredient, hawthorn jam, contains pectin, a negatively charged component, with an initial potential of -15.41 mV. After being charged by negative high-voltage DC power supply 23, the potential is -23.32~25.47 mV. The liquid ingredient, sugar solution, contains chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, a positively charged component, with an initial potential of 3.52 mV. After being charged by positive high-voltage DC power supply 22, the potential is 5.95~6.53 mV. The outer diameter and height deviations of the printed products are 0.84~0.89% and 0.85~0.88%, respectively. The molding time is 10~12 min. The total bacterial count is reduced by more than 95%, and the mold and yeast counts are reduced by 2.55~2.73 log CFU / mL. There is no loss in total sugar, flavonoids, total phenols, or antioxidant capacity of the product.

[0056] Application Example 2: Rapid prototyping of high-density charged adsorption food for the elderly based on a combination of freeze-dried milk powder and carrageenan solution. (1) Preparation of soft ingredients 25: Weigh each component according to the weight ratio of freeze-dried milk powder: modified starch: maltodextrin: β-cyclodextrin: granulated sugar: water of 1:0.05:0.07:0.09:0.13:1.98; mix modified starch, maltodextrin and β-cyclodextrin, add cold water and stir, heat quickly to boiling, stop heating, add freeze-dried whole milk powder, stir and cool to room temperature, filter through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain soft ingredients 25, measure the potential, put it into extruder 5, and wait for use.

[0057] (2) Preparation of liquid food ingredient 28: Weigh and mix carrageenan: lactose: water in a weight ratio of 1:12:100, stir continuously in a 50℃ water bath until fully dissolved, remove and filter through an 800-mesh sieve to obtain liquid food ingredient 28, measure the potential and load it into atomizer 8.

[0058] (3) Loading ingredients and connecting high voltage DC power supply: Insert the extruder 5 into the inner thread hole of the double nozzle fixing part 6, tighten it, and install the extrusion nozzle 27; pass the atomizer 8 through the through hole of the double nozzle fixing part 6, fix it with screws, and install the atomizing nozzle 31; adjust the conversion switch 19, connect the electrode of the extrusion nozzle 27 to the positive high voltage DC power supply 22 through the extrusion high voltage line 26, and connect the electrode of the atomizing nozzle 31 to the negative high voltage DC power supply 23 through the atomizing high voltage line 30.

[0059] (4) Model import and slicing program modification: Select the dual-nozzle printing model from the industrial computer model library in control cabinet 24, import the dual-nozzle printing model file, model size: cuboid sandwich structure, size is 40×20×15 mm; set soft food extrusion system nozzle 1, liquid food atomization system nozzle 2, select slicing software and perform slicing processing; design the dual high-voltage electrostatic atomization system operation program: the soft food extrusion system runs synchronously with the positive high-voltage DC power supply 22, the liquid food atomization system runs synchronously with the negative high-voltage DC power supply 23, when the negative high-voltage DC power supply 23 runs, the positive high-voltage DC power supply pneumatic switch 20 is disconnected, when the positive high-voltage DC power supply 22 runs, the negative power supply pneumatic switch 21 is disconnected; put the dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system operation program into the slicing program.

[0060] (5) Rapid prototyping parameter settings and operation: Soft food extrusion system: printing speed 25~40 mm / s, printing layer height 1~1.5 mm, voltage 70~100 kV, extrusion nozzle 27 inner diameter 0.5~1.5 mm; Liquid food atomization system: voltage -80~-120 kV, atomization nozzle 31 inner diameter 0.02~0.06 mm, flow rate 0.5~1.5 mL / min; Click the rapid prototyping operation button to start product printing.

[0061] (6) Results: Soft ingredients contain positively charged casein with an initial potential of 5.64 mV, which increases to 11.56~13.27 mV after being charged by positive high voltage DC power supply 22; liquid ingredients contain negatively charged carrageenan with an initial potential of -19.41 mV, which increases to -24.45~-27.32 mV after being charged by negative high voltage DC power supply 23; the length, width and height deviations of the printed products are 0.74~0.81%, 0.75~0.82% and 0.95~0.98% respectively, the forming time is 12~15 min, the total bacterial count is reduced by more than 95%, the mold and yeast counts are reduced by 2.05~2.25 log CFU / mL, and the protein content, flavor and protein molecular structure remain unchanged.

[0062] In summary, this invention increases the gel strength of food ingredients, improves the structural support of printed products, enhances printing accuracy, and reduces the amount of gel additives by using dual-ingredient high-density charging, dual-nozzle 3D printing, and high-voltage electrostatic interaction to achieve precise, high-quality, safe, and rapid molding and processing of personalized dietary foods.

Claims

1. A method for rapid personalized meal preparation based on high-density charged adsorption of two ingredients, characterized by: The steps are as follows: (1) Food preparation: Select charged components of food, prepare soft food, measure the food potential, and load it into the extruder; select charged components of food, prepare liquid food, measure the food potential, and load it into the atomizer; the potential of soft food is opposite to that of liquid food. (2) Rapid prototyping process: The soft food prepared in step (1) is placed in an extrusion device, and the liquid food is placed in a high-voltage electrostatic atomization spraying device. The 3D printing process is used for dual-nozzle printing. The soft food extrusion system is printed in the form of extrusion, and the liquid food atomization system is printed in the form of atomization by applying a high-voltage electrostatic field to the high-voltage electrostatic supply system. Finally, personalized meals are prepared.

2. The method for rapid preparation of personalized meals based on high-density charged adsorption of dual ingredients as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The dual ingredients are specifically a combination of hawthorn jam and sugar solution or a combination of freeze-dried milk powder and carrageenan solution.

3. The method for rapid personalized dietary preparation based on high-density charged adsorption of dual ingredients as described in claim 2, characterized in that: When the two ingredients are specifically a combination of hawthorn jam and sugar solution, the preparation is as follows: Preparation of the soft ingredient: Take fresh hawthorn, remove rotten hawthorn, wash, remove stems, remove pits, and protect color, then put it in a stainless steel pot and steam for 10-15 minutes, take it out and crush it with a pulping machine, and squeeze it through a sieve to obtain soft ingredient hawthorn jam. Preparation of the liquid food ingredient: Take the raw materials according to the mass ratio of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt: sucrose: water 1~1.2:30~50:100~120, place them in a 50℃ water bath and stir continuously until fully dissolved. Remove the solution and filter it through a 400~800 mesh filter to obtain a liquid food ingredient sugar solution.

4. The method for rapid preparation of personalized meals based on high-density charged adsorption of dual ingredients as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The soft food ingredient is specifically freeze-dried milk; the liquid food ingredient is specifically carrageenan solution. Preparation of the soft food ingredient: Weigh the raw materials according to the weight ratio of freeze-dried milk powder: modified starch: maltodextrin: β-cyclodextrin: granulated sugar: water of 1~1.2:0.05~0.07:0.07~0.09:0.09~0.12:0.13~0.15:1.98~2.20; Mix the raw materials except freeze-dried milk powder thoroughly and heat rapidly to boiling, stop heating, add freeze-dried milk powder, stir and cool to room temperature, and filter to obtain the soft food ingredient; Preparation of the liquid food ingredient: Weigh the raw materials according to the weight ratio of carrageenan: lactose: water of 1~1.5: 10~12: 100~120, stir continuously in a 50℃ water bath until fully dissolved, and then filter through a 400~800 mesh filter to obtain the liquid food ingredient.

5. The method for rapid personalized dietary preparation based on high-density charged adsorption of two ingredients as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The equipment used specifically includes: a rapid prototyping platform system, a dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system, a gas supply system, a vacuum system, and a control system; The rapid prototyping platform system includes a platform support system, a soft food extrusion system, a liquid food atomization system, and a 3D driving system; the dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system is connected to the soft food extrusion system and the liquid food atomization system respectively via high-voltage lines; the gas supply system and the vacuum system are connected to the liquid food atomization system respectively via air pipes. The control system controls the operation of the soft food extrusion system, the liquid food atomization system, the 3D drive system, the dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system, the gas supply system, and the vacuum system.

6. The method for rapid personalized dietary preparation based on high-density charged adsorption of dual ingredients as described in claim 5, characterized in that: Specifically: The platform support system includes a frame (1), a printing platform (3), and a dual-nozzle fixing component (6); the frame (1) is hollow and has a printing platform (3) inside; the frame (1) also has a dual-nozzle fixing component (6). The soft food extrusion system includes an extruder (5), a drive motor (7), and an extrusion nozzle (27); the extruder (5) is mounted on a dual nozzle fixture (6), and the extrusion nozzle (27) is installed at the end; the extrusion nozzle (27) is connected to a dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system via an extrusion high-voltage line (26); The liquid food atomization system includes an atomizer (8), a pneumatic valve (9), a solenoid valve (13), and an atomizing nozzle (31); the atomizer (8) is also mounted on a dual nozzle fixing component (6); the upper part of the atomizer (8) is connected to a vacuum system and a gas supply system respectively through an air pipe; the air pipe is equipped with a pneumatic valve (9) and a solenoid valve (13); the atomizing nozzle (31) is installed at the end of the atomizer (8); the atomizing nozzle (31) is connected to a dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system through an atomizing high-voltage line (30); The 3D driving system includes an X-axis driving device (2), a Y-axis driving device (17), and a Z-axis driving device (18); the X-axis driving device (2) and the Y-axis driving device (17) are connected to the dual-nozzle fixing member (6) to control the movement of the dual-nozzle fixing member (6) in the X-axis and Y-axis planes; the Z-axis driving device (18) is connected to the printing platform (3) to control the vertical movement of the printing platform (3); The vacuum system includes a vacuum regulating valve (10), a separator (11), and a vacuum pump (12); the vacuum pump (12) is equipped with a vacuum regulating valve (10) and a separator (11) at its front end; the vacuum pump (12) is connected to the atomizer (8) through an air pipe; the vacuum system controls the amount of liquid food (28) in the atomizing nozzle (31) to be drawn back; The gas supply system includes a pressure regulating valve (14), a pressure reducing valve (15), and a nitrogen tank (16); the nitrogen tank (16) is equipped with a pressure regulating valve (14) and a pressure reducing valve (15) at its front end; the nitrogen tank (16) is connected to the atomizer (8) through a gas pipe; the gas supply system controls the flow rate of the liquid food (28) in the atomizing nozzle (31); The high-voltage electrostatic supply system includes a positive high-voltage DC power supply (22), a negative high-voltage DC power supply (23), a changeover switch (19), a positive power pneumatic switch (20), a negative power pneumatic switch (21), an extrusion high-voltage line (26), and an atomizing high-voltage line (30). The control system mainly includes a control cabinet (24), which controls other systems.

7. The method for rapid preparation of personalized meals based on high-density charged adsorption of dual ingredients as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The dual nozzle fixing component (6) has an internal thread hole at one end for installing the extruder (5) and a through hole at the other end, with thread holes at the through hole for installing and fixing the atomizer (8). Furthermore, the extruder (5) is made of insulating material, with an outer wire at the top that connects to the inner wire hole of the double nozzle fixing part (6); the upper part of the extruder (5) is connected to the drive motor (7) via a piston, and the lower part is equipped with an extrusion nozzle (27); the piston is made of insulating material and is fixed on the lead screw of the drive motor (7); the lead screw of the drive motor (7) is made of high-strength insulating material; the extrusion nozzle (27) is made of metal and has electrodes welded on it; the drive motor (7) drives the soft food (25) inside the extruder (5) to be extruded from the extrusion nozzle (27) through the piston; Furthermore, the atomizer (8) is made of insulating material and has a sealing cap on the top. The sealing cap has a quick connector, which is connected to the vacuum pump (12) via an air pipe, a pneumatic valve (9), a vacuum regulating valve (10), and a separator (11). The sealing cap quick connector is also connected to the nitrogen tank (16) via an air pipe, a solenoid valve (13), a pressure regulating valve (14), and a pressure reducing valve (15). An atomizing switch (29) is installed at the bottom of the atomizer (8). The atomizing switch (29) is connected to the atomizing nozzle (31). The atomizing nozzle (31) is made of metal and has electrodes welded on it. The separator (11) is made of glass. Furthermore, the positive high voltage DC power supply (22) has an output voltage range of 0~150 kV; the negative high voltage DC power supply (23) has an output voltage range of -150~0 kV; the changeover switch (19) can switch the extrusion nozzle (27) and atomizing nozzle (31) to be connected to the positive high voltage DC power supply (22) or the negative high voltage DC power supply (22); the extrusion nozzle (27) and atomizing nozzle (31) are connected to high voltage DC power supplies of different polarities; the positive power supply pneumatic switch (20) controls the connection and disconnection between the positive high voltage DC power supply (22) and the electrodes of the extrusion nozzle (27) and the atomizing nozzle (31); the negative power supply pneumatic switch (21) controls the connection and disconnection between the negative high voltage DC power supply (23) and the electrodes of the extrusion nozzle (27) and the atomizing nozzle (31); both the positive power supply pneumatic switch (20) and the negative power supply pneumatic switch (21) are pneumatically controlled switches.

8. The method for rapid personalized dietary preparation based on high-density charged adsorption of dual ingredients as described in claim 7, characterized in that: When using the aforementioned equipment for processing, the rapid prototyping process is as follows: Insert the extruder into the threaded hole of the dual-nozzle holder and tighten it. Install the extrusion nozzle at the bottom of the extruder, and connect the nozzle electrode to the high-voltage wire. Pass the atomizer through the through hole of the dual-nozzle holder, adjust its position, and secure it with insulated screws. Install the atomization switch at the bottom of the atomizer, connect the atomization switch to the nozzle, and connect the nozzle electrode to the high-voltage wire. Insert the quick-connect fitting of the upper sealing cap of the atomizer into the air pipe, which connects to the vacuum system and the air supply system respectively. Turn on the power to the control cabinet, start the industrial computer, import the dual-nozzle printing model, select the slicing software, and perform slicing. Design the operating program for the dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system, modify the slicing program, and load the dual-nozzle printing model. The high-voltage electrostatic supply system operation program is set; the printing parameters of the soft food extrusion system and the liquid food atomization system, as well as the operation parameters of the vacuum system, gas supply system, and dual high-voltage electrostatic system are set; the conversion switch is adjusted, and the extrusion nozzle and atomization nozzle are connected to the corresponding high-voltage DC power supply respectively; the rapid prototyping operation program is started, and the soft food extrusion system, liquid food atomization system, 3D drive system, dual high-voltage electrostatic supply system, vacuum system, and gas supply system operate according to the program set by the control system. After the program runs, a personalized rapid prototyping product based on the high-density charged adsorption of dual ingredients is obtained and placed on the printing platform.

9. The method for rapid preparation of personalized meals based on high-density charged adsorption of dual ingredients as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the extrusion nozzle ranges from 0.5 to 2.0 mm; the inner diameter of the atomizing nozzle ranges from 0.02 to 0.06 mm.

10. The method for rapid preparation of personalized meals based on high-density charged adsorption of dual ingredients as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The positive high voltage DC power supply operates in the range of 30~150 kV; the negative high voltage DC power supply operates in the range of -150~-30 kV. Furthermore, the actuator of the positive and negative high-voltage DC power pneumatic switch is a cylinder, and the positive and negative high-voltage DC power pneumatic switch is started and stopped synchronously with the connected high-voltage DC power supply.

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