Exhaust cam piece and self-adjusting punching equipment thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an exhaust cam piece and self-adjusting punching equipment thereof, relates to the technical field of engine exhaust cam pieces, and aims to solve the technical problems that traditional equipment is difficult to machine an arc-shaped outline of the exhaust cam piece and the geometric shape consistency of oil holes is poor. The linear motion module and the template are arranged on the left side of the top of the punching machine tool, and the punching mechanism, the limiting assembly and the lubricating assembly are arranged on the right side of the top of the punching machine tool. According to the invention, a reconfigurable milling cutter power transmission system is innovatively designed, so that the high integration of the straight hole punching function and the complex arc-shaped inner wall milling function is successfully realized. According to the equipment, the first milling cutter and the second milling cutter are driven to be intelligently switched between a rigid combination mode and a universal hinge mode by utilizing the opposite and reverse movement of the movable rod, so that the machining of a straight base hole and the precise milling of an internal continuous arc-shaped flow guide surface can be completed in sequence only through one-time clamping at the same station; high-precision, integrated and automatic machining of the high-performance cam piece oil hole is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engine exhaust cam plate technology, and more specifically, to an exhaust cam plate and its self-adjusting punching device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the lubrication holes of widely used exhaust camshafts are mostly simple straight round holes, which have significant performance bottlenecks. Under low and medium speed conditions, these holes lack flow guiding function, resulting in dispersed oil flow and uneven oil film, making it difficult to effectively lubricate the core contact area. This not only aggravates the wear of the camshaft and rocker arm, but also causes problems such as poor heat dissipation and high noise. Under high speed conditions, the oil flow direction is even more chaotic, which cannot provide sufficient lubrication strength to the cam cam protrusions that are subjected to high-frequency impacts, easily leading to premature failures such as surface peeling. At the same time, the oil passages are prone to carbon buildup and blockage, which seriously affects the reliability and durability of the engine valve train. More importantly, traditional manufacturing techniques cannot produce complex oil holes with high precision and efficiency that can solve the above-mentioned performance problems. Existing processes rely on multiple machines such as drilling machines and milling machines to process straight holes and inner wall surfaces step by step. Multiple clamping inevitably introduces cumulative errors, resulting in poor product consistency. Moreover, the production process is lengthy and costly, which fundamentally restricts the realization and widespread application of high-performance cam plates. In view of this, we propose an exhaust cam plate. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an exhaust cam plate and its self-adjusting punching device to solve the technical problems of traditional equipment being unable to process the exhaust cam plate into an arc-shaped profile and having poor consistency in the geometry of the oil holes.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a self-adjusting punching device for exhaust cam plates, comprising a punching machine, a linear motion module arranged on the top of the punching machine, a template, a punching mechanism, a limiting component, and a lubrication component; The punching mechanism includes a servo motor capable of horizontal or vertical translation. The servo motor is capable of bidirectional translation, both left and right and forward and backward. The output shaft of the servo motor is driven and adapted to a first milling cutter and a second milling cutter. The first milling cutter has movable rods at both ends that can move towards each other or in opposite directions. Both movable rods are adapted to the second milling cutter and the output shaft of the servo motor via a universal joint. When the two movable rods move towards each other, the first milling cutter, the second milling cutter, and the servo motor output shaft combine to form a complete milling cutter, which can be driven by the servo motor to punch straight round holes. When the two movable rods move in opposite directions, the first milling cutter and the servo motor output shaft, as well as the first milling cutter and the second milling cutter, are hinged and driven by a universal joint. Through the cooperation of the servo motor and the two-dimensional translation mechanism, the first milling cutter rotates around its center point and is driven by the motor to rotate, enabling punching of arc-shaped inner walls. This invention, through the innovative design of a reconfigurable milling cutter power transmission system, successfully achieves a high degree of integration of straight hole punching and complex arc-shaped inner wall milling functions. This equipment utilizes the opposing and reversing movements of the movable rod to drive the first and second milling cutters to intelligently switch between rigid combination and universal hinge modes. Thus, in the same workstation, only one clamping is required to complete the machining of straight base holes and the precision milling of internal continuous arc-shaped guide surfaces. This solves the technical problems of large cumulative errors, low arc contour accuracy, low machining efficiency, and poor consistency of oil hole geometry caused by traditional multi-machine step-by-step machining. It achieves high-precision, integrated, and automated machining of high-performance cam plate oil holes.

[0005] Preferably, the punching mechanism further includes a hydraulic module, which is fixedly arranged on the top of the punching machine. The output end of the hydraulic module is fixedly connected to a fixed frame. A punching support plate is slidably connected inside the fixed frame, and a limiting rod inside the fixed frame passes through a hole in the punching support plate. An electric push rod is fixedly connected to the top of the punching support plate. The protective frame on the servo motor is slidably adapted to the top of the punching support plate, and the output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the protective frame on the servo motor.

[0006] Preferably, the end surface of the first milling cutter is provided with an annular groove, the interior of the first milling cutter has a symmetrical structure fitted with a limiting ring with protrusions on the inner wall, and one end of the first milling cutter is provided with two hydraulic channels, and the output end of the hydraulic channels is connected to the interior of the first milling cutter.

[0007] Preferably, the movable rod is slidably adapted inside the limiting ring, and a sealing cap is fixedly connected to one end of each of the two movable rods. The sealing cap is slidably adapted to the inside of the first milling cutter, the hydraulic channel output end is located between the two sealing caps, and the universal joint is movably connected to one end of the movable rod.

[0008] Preferably, the limiting component includes a limiting frame, which is fixedly connected to one side of the protective frame on the servo motor. A limiting track is formed on the lower surface of the limiting frame. The limiting track is composed of a straight track and an arc track, and the straight track and the arc track are connected.

[0009] Preferably, the limiting track is slidably adapted to an arc-shaped slide rail via a protrusion, and the protrusion on the arc-shaped slide rail passes through the limiting frame. The bottom of the arc-shaped slide rail is slidably adapted to a transmission frame, and the transmission frame is sleeved inside the annular groove. The top of the limiting frame is rotatably connected to a telescopic rod, and the output end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the protrusion on the arc-shaped slide rail.

[0010] Preferably, the lubrication assembly includes an annular frame, which is fixedly arranged at one end of the first milling cutter and communicates with the hydraulic channel. The side surface of the annular frame is rotatably fitted with a sealing cover, and a hose is fixedly connected to the surface of the sealing cover.

[0011] Preferably, one of the sealing caps has a valve plate slidably adapted to one side of its inner wall via a plug rod, and the end of the plug rod on the valve plate is in active contact with one side of the limiting ring.

[0012] Preferably, a conical spring is fitted on the surface of the insert rod on the valve plate, and one end of one of the movable rods has a liquid flow channel, which is connected to the sealing cap.

[0013] Preferably, it includes a cam body, which is mounted and adapted on an exhaust camshaft inside the engine. A shaft hole is provided on one side of the cam body, and the shaft hole is adapted to the side surface of the exhaust camshaft. The cam body has an oil hole on its side surface, and the oil hole has an arc-shaped inner wall. When the cam body rotates at low speed, the oil flow is guided by the arc-shaped inner wall to form a stable laminar flow and directional injection, which can lubricate the contact area between the cam and the rocker arm; when the cam body rotates at high speed, the arc-shaped inner wall and centrifugal force work together to make the oil flow turbulent splash and high-pressure injection.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention, through the innovative design of a reconfigurable milling cutter power transmission system, successfully achieves a high degree of integration between straight hole punching and complex arc-shaped inner wall milling functions. The device utilizes the opposing and reversible movement of a movable rod to drive the first and second milling cutters to intelligently switch between rigid combination and universal hinge modes. This allows for the sequential completion of straight-shaped base hole machining and precision milling of the internal continuous arc-shaped guide surface in a single setup at the same workstation. This solves the technical problems of large cumulative errors, low arc contour accuracy, low machining efficiency, and poor consistency of oil hole geometry caused by traditional multi-machine step-by-step machining, achieving high-precision, integrated, and automated machining of high-performance cam plate oil holes.

[0015] 2. During milling operations, the limiting component of this invention precisely limits the tilting and rotation trajectory of the milling cutter through the cooperation of the arc-shaped slide rail and the limiting track, ensuring the curvature accuracy of the arc-shaped inner wall; at the same time, the lubrication component synchronously delivers polishing fluid, which, in conjunction with the milling cutter cutting and the reciprocating movement of the second milling cutter, grinds and polishes the hole wall in real time, effectively reducing burrs and scratches, improving the smoothness of the inner wall of the oil hole, and avoiding subsequent additional polishing processes.

[0016] 3. This invention adopts a universal joint drive adapter, which can compensate for the installation deviation and motion angle deviation between the servo motor and the milling cutter, ensuring stable power transmission; the structure combining hydraulic drive and mechanical limit enables smooth and controllable switching of the milling cutter state; the polishing fluid has the functions of lubrication, cooling and polishing, which can reduce milling cutter wear, remove cutting chips, reduce the risk of channel blockage, extend the service life of equipment and ensure processing stability.

[0017] 4. This invention achieves intelligent guidance of lubricating oil under different speed conditions by designing lubricating oil holes with specific arc-shaped inner walls: at low and medium speeds, a directional and stable laminar oil film is formed to ensure precise lubrication, effective heat dissipation, and buffering and noise reduction; at high speeds, it transforms into a mixed form of turbulent flow and high-pressure injection with a wider coverage and stronger penetration, which significantly enhances the lubrication strength and heat dissipation efficiency of the core contact area, and also has a self-cleaning function. Thus, it comprehensively solves the problems of lubrication blind spots, uneven oil film, and high-speed lubrication failure in traditional round hole oil circuits, and greatly improves the reliability, durability, and overall smoothness of engine operation of the cam-rocker arm friction pair. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the punching mechanism of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the punching mechanism structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the punching equipment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first milling cutter structure of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first milling cutter structure of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0023] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first milling cutter structure of the present invention, to show the internal structure of the first milling cutter.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the punching mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lubrication assembly of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the first milling cutter of the present invention in use.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the combined use state of the first milling cutter of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the limiting component of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cam plate body of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the engine structure of the present invention, showing the three-dimensional structure of the cam body.

[0031] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust camshaft structure of the present invention, showing the three-dimensional structure of the cam body.

[0032] The following are the labeling instructions in the diagram: 1. Cam body; 11. Shaft hole; 2. Engine; 21. Exhaust camshaft; 3. Oil hole; 31. Arc-shaped inner wall; 4. Punching machine tool; 5. Linear motion module; 6. Template; 7. Punching mechanism; 71. Hydraulic module; 72. Fixing frame; 73. Punching support plate; 74. Electric push rod; 75. Servo motor; 76. First milling cutter; 761. Annular groove; 762. Limiting ring; 763. Hydraulic channel; 77. Second milling cutter; 78. Movable rod; 79. Sealing cap; 710. Universal joint; 8. Limiting assembly; 81. Limiting frame; 82. Limiting rail; 83. Arc-shaped slide rail; 84. Transmission frame; 85. Telescopic rod; 9. Lubrication assembly; 91. Annular frame; 92. Sealing cover; 93. Hose; 94. Valve plate; 95. Conical spring; 96. Fluid channel. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Example 1, such as Figures 1-10 As shown, the present invention relates to a self-adjusting punching device for exhaust cam plates, comprising a punching machine 4, a linear motion module 5 and a template 6 arranged on the top left side of the punching machine 4, a punching mechanism 7 arranged on the top right side of the punching machine 4, a limiting component 8 and a lubrication component 9.

[0034] The linear motion module 5 uses a linear slide rail as the guide base and is equipped with drive components such as a drive motor and ball screw (or synchronous belt) to achieve high-precision linear motion and positioning of the template 6. It is widely used in precision displacement scenarios of automated equipment and has integrated functions of guidance, drive and positioning. The template 6 is installed and adapted on the slide rail so that it can slide and be precisely positioned.

[0035] The punching mechanism 7 includes a hydraulic module 71, which is fixedly arranged on the top of the punching machine tool 4. The output end of the hydraulic module 71 is fixedly connected to a fixing frame 72. A punching support plate 73 is slidably connected inside the fixing frame 72, and a limiting rod inside the fixing frame 72 passes through a hole in the punching support plate 73. An electric push rod 74 is fixedly connected to the top of the punching support plate 73. A servo motor 75 with a protective frame is slidably adapted to the top of the punching support plate 73, and the output end of the electric push rod 74 is fixedly connected to the protective frame on the servo motor 75. The output shaft of the servo motor 75 is adapted to drive a first milling cutter 76 and a second milling cutter 77. An annular groove 761 is formed on the end surface of the first milling cutter 76. The internal structure is symmetrically fitted with a limiting ring 762 with protrusions on the inner wall. One end of the first milling cutter 76 has two hydraulic channels 763, and the output end of the hydraulic channel 763 is connected to the inside of the first milling cutter 76. Each limiting ring 762 is slidably adapted to a movable rod 78 with a groove on the inner wall. One end of each movable rod 78 is fixedly connected to a sealing cap 79, and the sealing cap 79 is slidably adapted to the inside of the first milling cutter 76. The output end of the hydraulic channel 763 is located between the two sealing caps 79. One end of each movable rod 78 is movably connected to a universal joint 710. One universal joint 710 is drivenly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 75, and the other universal joint 710 is drivenly connected to the second milling cutter 77.

[0036] It is worth noting that the universal joint 710 is a cross-type universal joint, which is a conventional technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0037] It is worth noting that the hydraulic module 71 is a conventional technology and will not be described in detail here. It consists of a bracket fixedly connected to the top of the punching machine tool 4 and a hydraulic rod fixedly arranged inside the bracket. It is used to press the depth of the oil hole 3 on the cam body 1 and the curvature of the arc-shaped inner wall 31.

[0038] Specifically, the hydraulic pressure inside the first milling cutter 76 increases or decreases as the polishing fluid is supplied or withdrawn through the hydraulic channel 763, causing the two movable rods 78 to move towards or away from each other via the sealing cap 79. When moving towards each other, the first milling cutter 76 and the second milling cutter 77 merge to form a complete milling cutter, and the first milling cutter 76 is fixed on the output shaft of the servo motor 75. The servo motor 75 can drive the complete milling cutter to punch straight round holes. When moving away from each other, the first milling cutter 76 is hinged to the output shaft of the servo motor 75 and to the second milling cutter 77 and driven by the universal joint 710. With the cooperation of the lateral and vertical movement of the servo motor 75, the first milling cutter 76 rotates around its center point, and the first milling cutter 76 rotates on its own axis to punch the arc-shaped inner wall 31. When the first milling cutter 76 rotates around its center point, the second milling cutter 77 reciprocates in the straight hole on the cam body 1, and polishing fluid is used to polish its inner wall.

[0039] This invention uses a hydraulically controlled movable rod 78 to drive the milling cutter to merge or separate, which can not only complete the rapid punching of straight round holes, but also precisely cut the arc-shaped inner wall 31 through the cooperation of the translation of the servo motor 75 and the tilting rotation of the milling cutter. Without the need to change special tooling or equipment, it realizes the integrated processing of the exhaust cam plate oil hole 3 from the round hole to the arc-shaped inner wall 31, which greatly improves the processing efficiency and process continuity.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 11 As shown, the limiting component 8 includes a limiting frame 81, which is fixedly connected to one side of the protective frame on the servo motor 75. A limiting track 82 is provided on the lower surface of the limiting frame 81. The limiting track 82 is composed of a straight track and an arc track, and the straight track and the arc track are connected. An arc slide rail 83 is slidably adapted to the inside of the limiting track 82 through a protrusion. The protrusion on the arc slide rail 83 passes through the limiting frame 81. A transmission frame 84 is slidably adapted to the bottom of the arc slide rail 83, and the transmission frame 84 is sleeved inside the annular groove 761. A telescopic rod 85 is rotatably connected to the top of the limiting frame 81. The output end of the telescopic rod 85 is hinged to the protrusion on the arc slide rail 83.

[0041] During milling operations, the limiting component 8 precisely limits the tilting and rotation trajectory of the milling cutter through the cooperation of the arc-shaped slide rail 83 and the limiting track 82, ensuring the curvature accuracy of the arc-shaped inner wall 31. At the same time, the lubrication component 9 synchronously delivers polishing fluid, which, in conjunction with the milling cutter cutting and the reciprocating movement of the second milling cutter 77, grinds and polishes the hole wall in real time, effectively reducing burrs and scratches, improving the smoothness of the inner wall of the oil hole 3, and avoiding subsequent additional polishing processes.

[0042] like Figure 4 and Figures 7-8As shown, the lubrication assembly 9 includes an annular frame 91, which is fixedly arranged at one end of the first milling cutter 76 and is connected to the hydraulic channel 763. A sealing cover 92 is rotatably fitted on the side surface of the annular frame 91, and a hose 93 is fixedly connected to the surface of the sealing cover 92. A valve plate 94 is slidably fitted on one side of the inner wall of one of the sealing caps 79 through a rod, and the end of the rod on the valve plate 94 is in movable contact with one side of the limiting ring 762. A conical spring 95 is sleeved on the surface of the rod on the valve plate 94. A fluid channel 96 is opened at one end of one of the movable rods 78, and the fluid channel 96 is connected to the sealing cap 79.

[0043] Specifically, when the two movable rods 78 move in opposite directions, the sealing cap 79 moves to the extreme point, and the insert rod on the valve plate 94 makes contact with one side of the limiting ring 762, pushing the valve plate 94 open and flowing out of the channel. The liquid flows into the oil hole 3 from the channel and polishes the hole wall through the first milling cutter 76 and the second milling cutter 77.

[0044] This invention employs a universal joint 710 transmission adapter, which can compensate for installation and motion angle deviations between the servo motor 75 and the milling cutter, ensuring stable power transmission; the structure combining hydraulic drive and mechanical limit enables smooth and controllable switching of the milling cutter state; the polishing fluid has lubrication, cooling and polishing functions, which can reduce milling cutter wear, remove cutting chips, reduce the risk of channel blockage, extend equipment service life and ensure processing stability.

[0045] Example 2, as follows Figures 12-14 As shown, the present invention relates to an exhaust camshaft, including a camshaft body 1, which is mounted on an exhaust camshaft 21 inside an engine 2. A shaft hole 11 is provided on one side of the camshaft body 1, which is adapted to the side surface of the exhaust camshaft 21. An oil hole 3 is provided on the side surface of the camshaft body 1, and an arc-shaped inner wall 31 is arranged inside the oil hole 3.

[0046] It is worth noting that engine 2 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The shaft hole 11 and the exhaust camshaft 21 are fixedly connected by a circumferential positioning structure to limit the circumferential displacement of the cam body 1 relative to the exhaust camshaft 21, so that the cam body 1 rotates synchronously with the exhaust camshaft 21. The exhaust camshaft 21 is connected to the crankshaft of engine 2 through a timing transmission assembly (such as a timing chain, timing gear or timing belt). When the crankshaft rotates, the exhaust camshaft 21 is driven by it and drives the cam body 1 to rotate around its own axis. The cam profile of the cam body 1 controls the opening and closing time and stroke of the exhaust valve by contacting the exhaust valve rocker arm.

[0047] Specifically, when the cam body 1 rotates at low to medium speeds, lubricating oil flows out through the oil hole 3 and forms a stable laminar flow and directional arc-shaped injection under the guidance of the arc-shaped inner wall 31. This precisely covers the contact area between the cam and the exhaust valve rocker arm, forming a continuous and uniform oil film. This effectively reduces boundary friction, lowers wear on the cam and rocker arm, and ensures the reliability of the valve train under low to medium speed conditions. At the same time, the smooth oil flow continuously carries away frictional heat, preventing local overheating of the cam. The continuous oil film can also buffer metal impacts, reduce mechanical noise of the valve mechanism, and improve the smoothness of engine 2 operation. When rotating at high speeds, the lubricating oil, under the combined action of the arc-shaped inner wall 31 and centrifugal force, exhibits turbulent splashing and high... The mixed form of pressure arc-shaped injection enhances the lubrication strength of the high-frequency contact area of ​​the cam lobe, preventing cam peeling and rocker arm wear caused by insufficient lubrication; the high-speed flow of oil significantly improves heat dissipation efficiency, effectively suppressing the accumulation of a large amount of heat generated by the high-speed rotation of the cam; in addition, the high-speed oil flow can also flush away carbon deposits and impurities in the oil hole 3 and oil passage, keeping the lubrication system unobstructed and reducing the risk of failure caused by oil passage blockage. This solves the problems of the existing circular hole-shaped path oil flow not being guided in a specific direction, easily dispersing and causing lubrication blind spots; poor oil film uniformity at low and medium speeds, easily becoming too thin or breaking in some areas; and chaotic oil flow direction at high speeds, insufficient lubrication strength in the core friction area, and easy "detachment" from the cam surface.

[0048] Working principle: This embodiment provides an exhaust cam plate and its self-adjusting punching device. First, the cam plate body 1 is placed on the template 6 and fixed. Then, through the external control system, the hydraulic module 71 drives the fixing frame 72 to translate, so that the second milling cutter 77 corresponds to the punching position on the side surface of the cam plate body 1. Then, the polishing liquid inside the first milling cutter 76 is extracted, so that the two movable rods 78 move towards each other, so that the output shaft of the servo motor 75, the first milling cutter 76 and the second milling cutter 77 form a complete milling cutter. Then, through the external circuit mechanism, the servo motor 75 drives the milling cutter to punch a hole on the side surface of the cam plate body 1, and the hole is round. When cutting the arc-shaped inner wall 31, polishing liquid is first filled into the first milling cutter 76 through the hose 93 via the external control system. At this time, the hydraulic pressure inside the first milling cutter 76 increases, causing the two movable rods 78 to move in opposite directions, resulting in the separation of the first milling cutter 76, the second milling cutter 77 and the output shaft of the servo motor 75. At the same time, the transmission frame 84 moves, driving the arc-shaped slide rail 83 to move into the arc-shaped track on the limit track 82. Then, the servo motor 75 drives the first milling cutter 76 through the external circuit mechanism. Through the universal joint 710 and other transmissions, the second milling cutter 77 is driven to rotate. With the help of the two-dimensional translation mechanism, the servo motor 75 moves left and right and back and forth. When the servo motor 75 moves, it applies an inclined force to the first milling cutter 76. The first milling cutter 76 is limited by the arc-shaped slide rail 83 and the arc-shaped track on the limit track 82, so that the first milling cutter 76 can rotate axially around its center point. With the help of the servo motor 75, the inner wall of the circular hole is cut, so that the cutting operation of the arc-shaped inner wall 31 can be completed. When the first milling cutter 76, the second milling cutter 77, and the output shaft of the servo motor 75 work separately, the end of the insert rod on the valve plate 94 makes active contact with the limiting ring 762, causing the valve plate 94 to move to one side. The polishing liquid flows from the channel between the valve plate 94 and the sealing cap 79 into the liquid flow channel 96, and flows from the first milling cutter 76 and the second milling cutter 77 into the inside of the circular hole. When the first milling cutter 76 rotates in a circle around its center point, it squeezes the polishing liquid into the circular hole and the arc-shaped inner wall 31, and works in conjunction with the second milling cutter 77 to move back and forth in the circular hole, thus polishing the circular hole and the arc-shaped inner wall 31.

[0049] The embodiments disclosed in this invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of this invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and variations, but as long as they do not depart from the spirit of this invention, they are all within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A self-adjusting punching device for exhaust cam plates, characterized in that, It includes a punching machine (4), a linear motion module (5) arranged on the top of the punching machine (4), a template (6), a punching mechanism (7), a limiting component (8), and a lubrication component (9); The punching mechanism (7) includes a servo motor (75) capable of lateral or longitudinal translation. The servo motor (75) is capable of bidirectional translation, both left and right and forward and backward. The output shaft of the servo motor (75) is adapted to drive a first milling cutter (76) and a second milling cutter (77). The first milling cutter (76) has movable rods (78) at both ends that are capable of moving towards or away from each other. Both movable rods (78) are adapted to drive the second milling cutter (77) and the output shaft of the servo motor (75) through a universal joint (710). When the two movable rods (78) move toward each other, the first milling cutter (76), the second milling cutter (77) and the output shaft of the servo motor (75) combine to form a complete milling cutter, and the servo motor (75) can drive the milling cutter to punch straight round holes; when the two movable rods (78) move in opposite directions, the first milling cutter (76) and the output shaft of the servo motor (75), and the first milling cutter (76) and the second milling cutter (77) are all hinged and driven by the universal joint (710). Through the cooperation of the servo motor (75) and the two-dimensional translation mechanism, the first milling cutter (76) rotates around the center point of the first milling cutter (76) and the motor drives the first milling cutter (76) to rotate, which can punch the arc-shaped inner wall (31).

2. The exhaust cam self-adjusting punching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The punching mechanism (7) also includes a hydraulic module (71), which is fixedly arranged on the top of the punching machine (4). The output end of the hydraulic module (71) is fixedly connected to a fixed frame (72). A punching support plate (73) is slidably connected inside the fixed frame (72), and a limiting rod inside the fixed frame (72) passes through a hole on the punching support plate (73). An electric push rod (74) is fixedly connected to the top of the punching support plate (73). The protective frame on the servo motor (75) is slidably adapted to the top of the punching support plate (73), and the output end of the electric push rod (74) is fixedly connected to the protective frame on the servo motor (75).

3. The exhaust cam self-adjusting punching device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end surface of the first milling cutter (76) is provided with an annular groove (761). The inside of the first milling cutter (76) is symmetrically structured and fitted with a limiting ring (762) with protrusions on the inner wall. Two hydraulic channels (763) are provided at one end of the first milling cutter (76), and the output end of the hydraulic channel (763) is connected to the inside of the first milling cutter (76).

4. The exhaust cam self-adjusting punching device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The movable rod (78) is slidably adapted to the inside of the limiting ring (762). One end of each of the two movable rods (78) is fixedly connected to a sealing cap (79), and the sealing cap (79) is slidably sealed to the inside of the first milling cutter (76). The output end of the hydraulic channel (763) is located between the two sealing caps (79), and the universal joint (710) is movably connected to one end of the movable rod (78).

5. The exhaust cam self-adjusting punching device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting component (8) includes a limiting frame (81), which is fixedly connected to one side of the protective frame on the servo motor (75). A limiting track (82) is provided on the lower surface of the limiting frame (81). The limiting track (82) is composed of a straight track and an arc track, and the straight track and the arc track are connected.

6. The exhaust cam self-adjusting punching device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The limiting track (82) is fitted with an arc-shaped slide rail (83) through a protrusion, and the protrusion on the arc-shaped slide rail (83) passes through the limiting frame (81). The bottom of the arc-shaped slide rail (83) is fitted with a transmission frame (84), and the transmission frame (84) is sleeved inside the annular groove (761). The top of the limiting frame (81) is rotatably connected to a telescopic rod (85), and the output end of the telescopic rod (85) is hinged to the protrusion on the arc-shaped slide rail (83).

7. The exhaust cam self-adjusting punching device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lubrication assembly (9) includes an annular frame (91), which is fixedly arranged at one end of the first milling cutter (76) and is connected to the hydraulic channel (763). The side surface of the annular frame (91) is fitted with a sealing cover (92), and the surface of the sealing cover (92) is fixedly connected to a hose (93).

8. The exhaust cam self-adjusting punching device according to claim 7, characterized in that, One of the sealing caps (79) has a valve plate (94) slidably fitted on one side of its inner wall via a plug rod, and the end of the plug rod on the valve plate (94) is in active contact with one side of the limiting ring (762).

9. The exhaust cam self-adjusting punching device according to claim 8, characterized in that, A conical spring (95) is fitted on the surface of the insert rod on the valve plate (94), and one of the movable rods (78) has a liquid flow channel (96) at one end, and the liquid flow channel (96) is connected to the sealing cap (79).

10. An exhaust cam plate manufactured by the self-adjusting punching device according to claim 9, characterized in that, Includes a cam body (1), which is mounted on an exhaust camshaft (21) inside an engine (2). A shaft hole (11) is provided on one side of the cam body (1), and the shaft hole (11) is adapted to the side surface of the exhaust camshaft (21). The cam body (1) has an oil hole (3) on its side surface, and the oil hole (3) has an arc-shaped inner wall (31) inside. When the cam body (1) rotates at low speed, the oil flow is guided by the arc-shaped inner wall (31) to form a stable laminar flow and directional injection, which can lubricate the contact area between the cam and the rocker arm; when the cam body (1) rotates at high speed, the arc-shaped inner wall (31) and centrifugal force work together to make the oil flow turbulent splash and high pressure injection.

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