Composite sandwich structure of dimming awning glass and preparation method of composite sandwich structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite sandwich structure of dimming sunscreen glass and a preparation method of the composite sandwich structure, and relates to the technical field of sunscreen glass. In the preparation process, the boundary of a PDLC liquid crystal layer and the boundary of a composite middle layer are subjected to edge sealing by adopting an infrared laser processing technology in sequence; an upper PET material and a lower PET material in the PDLC liquid crystal layer and an upper thermoplastic film layer and a lower thermoplastic film layer of the composite middle layer are melted and then re-solidified to form a thermoplastic film layer sealing edge, meanwhile, a coating containing a photoinitiator is introduced into the PDLC liquid crystal layer and a lead-out area of an electrode lead of the solar cell piece, and a UV curing induced cross-linking reaction is carried out to generate a local net-shaped structure, so that the performance of the solar cell piece is improved. The pre-crosslinking bonding is realized; by means of the infrared laser processing technology and the UV curing technology, the stability problem of the dimming film boundary under structural pressing, environmental aging and dynamic stress can be solved cooperatively, the packaging overall quality of the multi-material interlayer structure is remarkably improved, and the service life of the multi-material interlayer structure is remarkably prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of sky glass, in particular to a composite interlayer structure of light-adjustable sky glass and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of intelligent cockpit technology, the popularization of green energy concept and the continuous improvement of consumer requirements for in-vehicle comfort experience, automobile glass is gradually evolving from traditional single structure to multi-functional integrated structure. Large-size roof glass, represented by sky glass, is increasingly becoming a key module integrating light-adjustable, photovoltaic power generation, heating and defogging, sun-shading and heat-insulating functions. This trend has prompted the industry to widely adopt multi-material laminated interlayer composite structures to integrate various functional film materials into laminated glass systems, becoming an important development direction for promoting intelligent vehicle glass technology.

[0003] In terms of the structure of sky glass, PDLC film is usually combined with PVB (polyvinyl butyral) or EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate) thermoplastic adhesive film and sandwiched between two glass substrates to form a laminated glass system through high-temperature and high-pressure hot pressing process. This structure not only ensures the basic safety strength and sound insulation performance of the glass, but also gives it light-adjustable function. In order to further improve the comprehensive performance of sky glass, some existing technologies also introduce photovoltaic components, electrode nets, infrared heat insulation layers and other functional film materials based on PDLC film, thereby constructing more complex and higher integrated interlayer structures.

[0004] For example, in the prior art, patent number CN111916516A proposes to encapsulate solar cells and PDLC films side by side in the PVB interlayer, and to use photovoltaic cells to power the light-adjustable system, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the entire vehicle and improving the independent operation capability. Patent number CN111983868B adopts functional partition design, combining the basic light-adjustable layer with a specific spectral selective reflection layer, so that the light-adjustable glass not only adjusts the brightness, but also has shielding ability for ultraviolet and infrared bands, effectively improving heat management and visual comfort.

[0005] Although the current light-adjustable sky glass technology has made significant progress, especially in terms of optical control, energy utilization and structural safety, in the manufacturing and application of large-size sky glass, as the interlayer structure becomes more complex and the number of materials increases, there are still two shortcomings in the existing technology in terms of functional integration breadth, packaging stability and production efficiency.

[0006] 1. Insufficient depth of multi-functional composite structure design

[0007] The current light-adjusting sky glass mostly realizes the basic integration of light-adjusting function and photovoltaic power generation function. For example, the patent document with the patent number CN111916516A only covers the integration of photovoltaic and light-adjusting, and does not involve the combination of infrared heat insulation or other spectrum regulation layers, so that even in the sunshade state, the head of the occupant may still bear strong direct solar radiation, affecting the actual comfort experience. For another example, the patent document with the patent number CN111983868B introduces the spectrum regulation function, but the light-adjusting system needs to rely on the power supply of the whole vehicle, lacking the advantages of energy independence and greenization. Therefore, the current technology still has a large space for improvement in the integrity of function integration and system collaboration.

[0008] 2. Poor stability and high cost of boundary packaging technology

[0009] In order to prevent the edge of the light-adjusting film from being invaded by water vapor, plasticizer and other small molecules, the industry often uses artificial coating epoxy glue, high-temperature melting bonding and other edge sealing methods. For example, the current common boundary processing methods include using materials such as epoxy resin for transition (for example, the patent document with the patent number CN107390436B), using friction high-temperature melting method to realize boundary transition (for example, the patent document with the patent number CN113671729B), and designing edge bending structure to ensure the function buffer of smooth transition of the boundary (for example, the patent document with the patent number CN119704788A). Although these methods have their own advantages, they also face problems such as complex process, high cost, and lack of long-term durability. Taking the patent document with the patent number CN107390436B as an example, such methods are complicated to operate, require high thickness and position control, and are prone to problems such as uneven edge, packaging delamination or bubbles. Large-size sky glass puts higher requirements on the consistency of edge sealing and aging resistance, but existing edge sealing technology cannot meet the comprehensive needs of stability, low cost and high yield. Therefore, the design and optimization of boundary transition structure is one of the core obstacles restricting the large-scale application of such products.

[0010] In summary, although the light-adjusting sky glass has wide market prospects, the imperfect function structure and immature packaging technology are still the main bottlenecks for further development. Therefore, how to design a light-adjusting sky glass structure with stronger integration, more stable packaging and suitable for batch manufacturing is a key technical problem that needs to be solved in the current industry. SUMMARY

[0011] One of the purposes of the present application is to provide a composite sandwich structure of light-adjusting sky glass, which solves the following technical problems: How to improve the function integration and packaging stability of sky glass.

[0012] The second purpose of the present application is to provide a preparation method for preparing the composite sandwich structure of the above light-adjusting sky glass.

[0013] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention discloses a composite sandwich structure for a dimming canopy glass, comprising two glass substrates and a composite intermediate layer disposed between the two glass substrates; wherein, the composite intermediate layer comprises two thermoplastic film layers and a PDLC liquid crystal layer and a solar cell disposed between the two thermoplastic film layers; wherein, the solar cell is spliced ​​in the boundary region of the PDLC liquid crystal layer; The boundary region between the PDLC liquid crystal layer and the composite intermediate layer is provided with an edge sealing structure using infrared laser processing technology.

[0014] Furthermore, the PDLC liquid crystal layer includes two encapsulation base films and a liquid crystal microdroplet layer encapsulated between the two encapsulation base films; the encapsulation base film is a PET-ITO base film.

[0015] Furthermore, the solar cell is a monocrystalline silicon solar cell, a perovskite thin film device, or a copper indium gallium selenide flexible device; Preferably, the solar cell is a monocrystalline silicon cell with a heterojunction (HJT) structure, which has a conversion efficiency of ≥20% and a service life of ≥20 years.

[0016] Furthermore, both the PDLC liquid crystal layer and the solar cell are electrically connected to an external inverter via electrode leads to directly supply the output power of the solar cell to the PDLC liquid crystal layer; this avoids dependence on the vehicle power bus and enhances system independence and energy regulation flexibility.

[0017] Furthermore, the two glass substrates are a first glass substrate and a second glass substrate, respectively. The first glass substrate is in contact with the external environment (e.g., the exterior of a car), and the second glass substrate is in contact with the internal environment (e.g., the interior of a car). Multiple functional layers are provided on the side of the first glass substrate and / or the second glass substrate near the composite intermediate layer. The functional layers include any one or more of the following: a heat insulation and heating functional layer, an anti-reflective layer, a protective layer, and an ink layer that serves a shielding function.

[0018] Furthermore, the heat insulation and heating functional layer comprises at least two low-resistance transparent conductive layers and a silver base layer, and the heat power density of the heat insulation and heating functional layer under a driving voltage of 18V-24V is ≥330W / m². 2 The thermal insulation relies primarily on the silver substrate, which has a high reflectivity for mid- and far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 780nm-2500nm; the heating function relies on a low-resistance transparent conductive layer.

[0019] Preferably, the antireflection layer is disposed on the inner side of the first glass substrate to reduce the reflection of incident light and improve the performance of the solar cell.

[0020] Secondly, the present invention also discloses a preparation method for preparing the composite sandwich structure of the dimming canopy glass as described above, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Dry the raw materials of each layer of the composite sandwich structure to ensure that the moisture content of the PDLC liquid crystal layer and the thermoplastic film layer is 0.3%-0.65%; Step 2: Take a glass substrate and stack a thermoplastic film layer and a PDLC liquid crystal layer on the surface of the glass substrate in sequence. Perform infrared laser treatment on the boundary of the PDLC liquid crystal layer. Then place a solar cell in the boundary area of ​​the PDLC liquid crystal layer, and continue to stack another thermoplastic film layer on top to form an intermediate composite layer. Perform infrared laser treatment on the boundary of the composite intermediate layer. Step 3: Spray UV curing liquid onto the lead-out areas of the electrode leads of the PDLC liquid crystal layer and the solar cell, and then perform UV curing; Step 4: Lay a glass substrate on the surface of the top thermoplastic film layer and then assemble the film.

[0021] Furthermore, in step two, the parameters for the infrared laser processing are: power 80W, wavelength 1064-1164nm, focusing diameter 0.2-0.4mm, scanning speed 60-150mm / s, and number of cyclic scanning cycles 2-5. Preferably, the parameters for the infrared laser processing are: power 80W, wavelength 1100nm, focusing diameter 0.3mm, scanning speed 80-120mm / s, and 3 cyclic scanning cycles.

[0022] Furthermore, when performing infrared laser processing on the boundary of the PDLC liquid crystal layer, the width of the laser scanning area is 0.25-0.5mm, located 1-2mm outside the boundary area of ​​the PDLC liquid crystal layer and avoiding the electrode lead area; When performing infrared laser processing on the boundary of the composite intermediate layer, the width of the laser scanning area is 0.25-0.5 mm, located 3-5 mm outside the boundary area of ​​the composite intermediate layer and avoiding the electrode lead area.

[0023] Preferably, when performing infrared laser processing on the boundary of the PDLC liquid crystal layer, the width of the laser scanning area is 0.35 mm, located 1.5 mm outside the boundary area of ​​the PDLC liquid crystal layer and avoiding the electrode lead area; when performing infrared laser processing on the boundary of the composite intermediate layer, the width of the laser scanning area is 0.35 mm, located 4 mm outside the boundary area of ​​the composite intermediate layer and avoiding the electrode lead area.

[0024] Furthermore, in step two, after placing the solar cell in the boundary area of ​​the PDLC liquid crystal layer, an adhesive is used to fill the gap between the boundary area of ​​the PDLC liquid crystal layer and the solar cell, and then another thermoplastic film layer is stacked.

[0025] Furthermore, in step three, the UV curing liquid is a UV curing liquid containing a phenyl ketone photoinitiator, the UV light source for UV curing is 365-420nm, and the UV irradiation time is 60-300s.

[0026] Preferably, the phenyl ketone-based photoinitiator is any one or more of bibenzoyl, benzoyl ether, and benzophenone.

[0027] Furthermore, in step four, the rubber ring decompression method is used in the film bonding stage. About 70% of the air is removed by cold extraction, and the film is initially bonded by hot extraction to improve the bonding stability. Then, the high temperature and high pressure stage is entered, which includes the heating and pressurization stage, the pressure replenishment stage, the heat preservation and pressure preservation stage, and the cooling and pressure reduction stage.

[0028] Preferably, during the heating and pressurization stage, the temperature is raised to 100-120℃ and the pressure reaches 3.5-7.0 bar, and maintained for 10-20 minutes; Preferably, during the pressurization stage, the temperature rises to 120-180℃ and the pressure increases to 9-15 bar; Preferably, during the heat preservation and pressure preservation stage, the temperature is 120-180℃ and 9-15 bar, and maintained for 20-80 minutes; Preferably, during the cooling and depressurization stage, the temperature drops to 30-60℃.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) The composite sandwich structure of the dimming skylight glass of the present invention includes two glass substrates and a composite intermediate layer disposed between the two glass substrates; wherein, the composite intermediate layer includes two thermoplastic film layers and a PDLC liquid crystal layer and a solar cell disposed between the two thermoplastic film layers, and the solar cell is spliced ​​in the boundary area of ​​the PDLC liquid crystal layer; the solar cell can directly supply power to the PDLC liquid crystal layer, avoiding dependence on the vehicle power bus, and enhancing the system independence and energy regulation flexibility; the boundary areas of the PDLC liquid crystal layer and the composite intermediate layer are provided with an edge sealing structure using infrared laser processing technology, which can effectively avoid the problems of thermal shock, bubbles and short life of traditional epoxy sealant.

[0030] (2) In the preparation process of the composite sandwich structure of the dimming canopy glass of the present invention, the boundaries of the PDLC liquid crystal layer and the composite intermediate layer are sealed by infrared laser processing technology. Under the action of laser, the upper and lower PET materials in the PDLC liquid crystal layer and the upper and lower thermoplastic film layers of the composite intermediate layer melt and then re-solidify to form thermoplastic film layer sealing. This method has strong adaptability and high boundary control accuracy, and is a key means to achieve physical sealing of the dimming film boundary. At the same time, by introducing a coating containing photoinitiator into the lead-out area of ​​the electrode leads of the PDLC liquid crystal layer and the solar cell, and performing UV curing to induce cross-linking reaction, a local network structure is generated to achieve pre-cross-linking bonding. This bonding layer can effectively improve the adhesion and deformation adaptability of the electrode interface, suppress the risk of warping, blistering and delamination, and provide a good interface foundation for subsequent hot pressing. Through infrared laser processing technology + UV curing technology, the stability problem of the dimming film boundary under structural pressing, environmental aging and dynamic stress can be solved in a coordinated manner, significantly improving the overall packaging quality and service life of the multi-material intermediate layer structure, which is especially suitable for the continuous production and manufacturing needs of large-size, irregularly shaped or highly integrated canopy glass systems. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the composite sandwich structure of the dimming canopy glass in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the PDLC liquid crystal layer in the composite sandwich structure of the dimming canopy glass of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods, performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or according to the product instructions. Unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] This embodiment discloses a composite sandwich structure for a dimming canopy glass, which, from top to bottom, includes a first glass substrate, a composite intermediate layer, and a second glass substrate. The composite intermediate layer, from top to bottom, includes a first thermoplastic film layer, a PDLC liquid crystal layer and solar cells located on the same layer, and a second thermoplastic film layer. The PDLC liquid crystal layer and solar cells on the same layer are distributed as follows: the PDLC liquid crystal layer is located in the middle region, and the solar cells are spliced ​​around the perimeter of the PDLC liquid crystal layer. Multiple functional layers are also sequentially deposited on the inner surface of the first glass substrate, namely an anti-reflective layer, a heat insulation and heating functional layer, and a protective layer.

[0037] Next, each layer of the composite sandwich structure of the dimming canopy glass in this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0038] The first glass substrate is the glass substrate that comes into contact with the external environment (exterior of the car), and the second glass substrate is the glass substrate that comes into contact with the internal environment (interior of the car); both are made of the same glass material used for conventional panoramic sunroofs.

[0039] The first and second thermoplastic film layers are made of PVB film. In this invention, the thickness is usually selected from 0.38mm to 0.76mm. In this embodiment, the thickness is selected as 0.50mm. PVB film has good transparency, toughness, weather resistance and adhesion to PET / glass. Its yield temperature is 160℃ and its glass transition temperature is about 65℃, making it suitable for high temperature and high pressure molding.

[0040] The PDLC liquid crystal layer includes two encapsulation base films and a liquid crystal microdroplet layer encapsulated between the two encapsulation base films. Both encapsulation base films are made of PET-ITO base film. In this invention, the thickness of the PET-ITO base film is 0.1-0.3 mm. In this embodiment, the thickness of the PET-ITO base film is 0.2 mm. The size of the liquid crystal dispersed phase in the liquid crystal microdroplet layer is 1-10 μm. Its two sides are in contact with the ITO conductive film in the two PET-ITO base films respectively. When an external AC voltage (10V-24V) is applied, the orientation of the liquid crystal microdroplets changes, realizing reversible switching between hazy and transparent states. Therefore, it has a good visible light transmittance control function. The ITO conductive film is connected to the controller through connecting electrode leads to realize free dimming.

[0041] It should be noted that the boundary areas of the PDLC liquid crystal layer are sealed using infrared laser processing technology.

[0042] The solar cell uses a high-efficiency, thin monocrystalline silicon cell. In this invention, its thickness is controlled between 120-150 μm. In this embodiment, the thickness is 130 μm. Each monocrystalline silicon cell has an output voltage capability of 1-5V. The monocrystalline silicon cells are uniformly spliced ​​on the edge area of ​​the PDLC liquid crystal layer. The gap between the cells and the PDLC liquid crystal layer is bonded with PVB film as an adhesive and covered by the printed and edge ink layers to avoid significant differences in optical interface refraction. Multiple monocrystalline silicon cells are wired together and electrodes are led out through copper foil as leads. Then, they are connected to the inverter. With the rectification of the inverter, an output voltage of 10-24V is generated, which is directly used for the PDLC liquid crystal layer and the heat insulation heating layer. It can also be connected to charge the vehicle battery by controlling the current.

[0043] It should be noted that the boundary area of ​​the composite intermediate layer is sealed using infrared laser processing technology.

[0044] In this invention, the antireflection layer can be made of materials such as ZnO (zinc oxide), TiO2 (titanium dioxide), MgF2 (magnesium fluoride), or Si3N4 (silicon nitride). In this embodiment, MgF2 is selected as the antireflection layer, which is deposited on the inner surface of the first glass substrate. MgF2 has stable mechanical properties and good bonding performance with glass, so it can be used as the bottom layer of the outermost layer of the entire multilayer functional layer structure.

[0045] In this invention, the heat insulation and heating functional layer comprises at least two low-resistance transparent conductive layers and one silver base layer. The total thickness of the heat insulation and heating functional layer is 100-500 nm. The low-resistance transparent conductive layer material is one or more of Au (gold), Cu (copper), Al (aluminum), Sn (tin), SnO2 (tin dioxide), ZnO (zinc oxide), In2O3 (indium oxide), and Sb (antimony). The silver base layer is Ag (pure silver layer), Ag-Cu (silver-copper alloy layer), Ag-Ni (silver-copper alloy layer), etc. The material is selected from either a silver-nickel alloy layer or an AgO (silver oxide layer), and the silver content is guaranteed to be at least 80%. In this embodiment, the thickness of the heat-insulating heating functional layer is 300 nm, its resistance is ≤2 Ω / m, and its visible light transmittance is ≥85%. The heat-insulating heating functional layer is disposed on the lower surface of the anti-reflection layer. The heat-insulating heating functional layer is composed of two low-resistance transparent conductive layers (Cu) and a silver base layer (Ag-Cu). The heat power density of the heat-insulating heating functional layer under a driving voltage of 18V-24V is ≥330 W / m². 2 The thermal insulation relies primarily on the silver substrate, which has a high reflectivity to mid- and far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 780nm-2500nm; the heating function relies on a low-resistance transparent conductive layer.

[0046] In this invention, the protective layer can be made of materials such as Si3N4 (silicon nitride), SiO2 (silicon dioxide), and ZrO2 (zirconia), which have the characteristics of high density and good thermal stability. In this embodiment, the protective layer is located on the lower surface of the heat insulation and heating functional layer, and the material of the protective layer is Si3N4. It is located on the outermost layer of the entire multilayer functional layer structure to ensure the stability and durability of product performance. It is mainly for protecting Ag in the heat insulation and heating functional layer. Ag is chemically active and is easily oxidized in the air to form silver oxide or corroded by sulfides, which will lead to a decrease in infrared reflectivity and failure of heat insulation. The protective layer can play a protective role against it.

[0047] The composite sandwich structure of the dimming skylight glass in this embodiment can stably realize the integrated functions of dimming control, green energy supply and thermal environment regulation, and is suitable for automotive skylight glass, car window glass and other highly integrated smart glass application scenarios.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] This embodiment discloses a method for preparing the composite sandwich structure of the dimming canopy glass of Example 1, which is carried out in the following steps: Step 1: Dry the raw materials of each layer of the composite sandwich structure. Each layer includes two glass substrates (first glass substrate and second glass substrate), two PVB films, one PDLC liquid crystal layer, four monocrystalline silicon solar cells, PVB film, etc. Ensure that the moisture content of the PDLC liquid crystal layer and thermoplastic film layer raw materials is 0.3%-0.65%. At the same time, ensure that the thickness difference between the PDLC liquid crystal layer and the monocrystalline silicon solar cells and the PVB film used to fill the gap between the PDLC liquid crystal layer and the monocrystalline silicon solar cells does not exceed ±0.1mm, so as to avoid compressive stress concentration and glass edge deformation caused by interlayer thickness jump.

[0050] Step 2: Place the second glass substrate on the table. Stack a PVB film and a PDLC liquid crystal layer on the surface of the second glass substrate in sequence. Perform infrared laser treatment on the boundary of the PDLC liquid crystal layer. The width of the laser scanning area is 0.35 mm, located 1.5 mm outside the boundary area of ​​the PDLC liquid crystal layer and avoiding the electrode lead area. Then, place a monocrystalline silicon solar cell in the boundary area around the PDLC liquid crystal layer, and fill the gap between the monocrystalline silicon solar cell and the PDLC liquid crystal layer with PVB film as an adhesive. Continue to stack another PVB film to form an intermediate composite layer. Perform infrared laser treatment on the boundary of the composite intermediate layer. The width of the laser scanning area is 0.35 mm, located 4 mm outside the boundary area of ​​the composite intermediate layer and avoiding the electrode lead area. The parameters for infrared laser processing are 80W power, 1100nm wavelength, 0.3mm focusing diameter, 100mm / s scanning speed, and 3 cyclic scanning cycles.

[0051] Step 3: Spray a UV curing solution containing a bibenzoyl photoinitiator onto the lead-out areas of the PDLC liquid crystal layer and the electrode leads of the solar cell, and then irradiate with a 400nm UV light source for 200s to perform UV curing; Step 4: MgF2 / Ag-Cu / Cu / Cu / Si3N4 is sequentially deposited on the surface of the first glass substrate. Then, the Si3N4 layer is stacked downwards on the upper surface of the thermoplastic film layer for lamination. During the lamination stage, the rubber ring decompression method is used to remove about 70% of the air by cold extraction, combined with hot extraction to achieve initial bonding of the film and improve the bonding stability. Subsequently, the high temperature and high pressure stage is entered. The process includes heating and pressurizing (temperature rises to 110℃, pressure reaches 5 bar, and is maintained for 15 min), pressurization stage (temperature rises to 150℃, pressure increases to 12 bar), heat preservation and pressure holding stage (150℃, 12 bar, maintained for 60 min), and cooling and depressurization stage (temperature drops to 50℃ to release internal stress).

[0052] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or specific orientational structure and operation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0053] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of the present invention, but this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should still fall within the patent coverage of this invention.

Claims

1. A composite sandwich structure for a dimming canopy glass, characterized in that, It includes two glass substrates and a composite intermediate layer disposed between the two glass substrates; wherein, the composite intermediate layer includes two thermoplastic film layers and a PDLC liquid crystal layer and a solar cell disposed between the two thermoplastic film layers, and the solar cell is spliced ​​to the boundary area of ​​the PDLC liquid crystal layer; The boundary region between the PDLC liquid crystal layer and the composite intermediate layer is provided with an edge sealing structure using infrared laser processing technology.

2. The composite sandwich structure of the dimming canopy glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PDLC liquid crystal layer includes two encapsulation base films and a liquid crystal microdroplet layer encapsulated between the two encapsulation base films; the encapsulation base film is a PET-ITO base film.

3. The composite sandwich structure of the dimming canopy glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solar cell is a monocrystalline silicon cell, a perovskite thin film device, or a copper indium gallium selenide flexible device.

4. The composite sandwich structure of the dimming canopy glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the PDLC liquid crystal layer and the solar cell are electrically connected to an external inverter via electrode leads to directly supply the output power of the solar cell to the PDLC liquid crystal layer.

5. The composite sandwich structure of the dimming canopy glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two glass substrates are a first glass substrate and a second glass substrate, respectively. A multi-layer functional layer is provided on the side of the first glass substrate and / or the second glass substrate near the composite intermediate layer. The functional layer includes any one or more of the following: a heat insulation and heating functional layer, an anti-reflective layer, a protective layer, and an ink layer.

6. The composite sandwich structure of the dimming canopy glass according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heat insulation and heating functional layer comprises at least two low-resistance transparent conductive layers and a silver base layer, and the heat power density of the heat insulation and heating functional layer under a driving voltage of 18V-24V is ≥330W / m². 2 .

7. A preparation method for preparing a composite sandwich structure of a dimming canopy glass as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Dry the raw materials of each layer of the composite sandwich structure to ensure that the moisture content of the PDLC liquid crystal layer and the thermoplastic film layer is 0.3%-0.65%; Step 2: Take a glass substrate and sequentially stack a thermoplastic film layer and a PDLC liquid crystal layer on the surface of the glass substrate. Then, perform infrared laser treatment on the boundary of the PDLC liquid crystal layer. Then, solar cells are placed in the boundary area of ​​the PDLC liquid crystal layer, and a thermoplastic film layer is stacked on top to form an intermediate composite layer. The boundary of the composite intermediate layer is then treated with infrared laser. Step 3: Spray UV curing liquid onto the lead-out areas of the electrode leads of the PDLC liquid crystal layer and the solar cell, and then perform UV curing; Step 4: Lay a glass substrate on the surface of the top thermoplastic film layer and then assemble the film.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step two, the parameters for the infrared laser processing are: power 80W, wavelength 1064-1164nm, focusing diameter 0.2-0.4mm, scanning speed 60-150mm / s, and number of cyclic scanning cycles 2-5. When performing infrared laser processing on the boundary of the PDLC liquid crystal layer, the width of the laser scanning area is 0.25-0.5mm, located 1-2mm outside the boundary area of ​​the PDLC liquid crystal layer and avoiding the electrode lead area. When performing infrared laser processing on the boundary of the composite intermediate layer, the width of the laser scanning area is 0.25-0.5 mm, located 3-5 mm outside the boundary area of ​​the composite intermediate layer and avoiding the electrode lead area.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step two, after placing the solar cell in the boundary area of ​​the PDLC liquid crystal layer, the gap between the boundary area of ​​the PDLC liquid crystal layer and the solar cell is filled with adhesive, and then another thermoplastic film layer is stacked.

10. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step three, the UV curing liquid is a UV curing liquid containing a phenyl ketone photoinitiator, the UV light source for UV curing is 365-420nm, and the UV irradiation time is 60-300s.

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