Round-to-square two-dimensional thrust vectoring nozzle with double ducts with independently adjustable area

Abstract

The invention relates to a round-to-square two-dimensional thrust vectoring nozzle with double ducts independently adjustable in area, and belongs to the technical field of aero-engines. The spray pipe comprises a round-to-square barrel, a main culvert and second culvert adjusting piece system, a heat insulation screen assembly and an actuating mechanism. A second culvert air flow channel with the round-square section transition is formed through the round-to-square barrel and the heat insulation screen, and main culvert air flow passes through a middle cavity defined by the heat insulation screen. A rocker arm-actuator cylinder mechanism is adopted to independently drive an outer duct adjusting piece to achieve second duct area adjustment, and a main duct adjusting piece achieves throat area, outlet area and thrust vector control. And the second low-temperature airflow cools the heat screen. According to the invention, the double-duct area can be independently adjusted, the circular-to-square cross section transition and binary vector function integration is realized, and the double-duct structure has the advantages of compact structure, good thermal protection performance and high adjustment precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of aero-engine technology, and specifically relates to a circular-to-square two-dimensional vector nozzle with independently adjustable dual-duct area. Background Technology

[0002] Compared to conventional cycle turbofan engines, variable cycle turbofan engines can change their operating mode by independently adjusting the bypass duct area: Under supersonic cruise conditions, the nozzle bypass valve is closed, the bypass ratio decreases, and the core engine flow increases, making the engine operating mode similar to a turbojet engine; under subsonic cruise conditions, the nozzle bypass valve is opened, the bypass ratio increases, and the core engine flow decreases, making the engine operating mode a turbofan engine (with adjustable bypass ratio), as shown in the figure below. Through these adjustment modes, the engine can achieve high performance gains under various operating conditions, and variable cycle turbofan engines have become the main development direction for future aero-engines.

[0003] The nozzle is a terminal component of an aero-engine. It converts the thermal energy of the gas flow into kinetic energy by depressurizing and accelerating the gas flow, thereby generating propulsion power. The flow control valves of the main bypass and outer bypass ducts of aero-turbofan variable cycle engines are generally located at the engine end. Therefore, the nozzle components of variable cycle engines need to have independent adjustable functions for the area of ​​the main bypass and outer bypass ducts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a dual-duct area independently adjustable circular-to-square two-dimensional vector nozzle, comprising: a circular-to-square cylinder (1), a main duct convergence adjustment plate (2), a main duct expansion adjustment plate (3), a side wall (4), a circular-to-square cylinder heat shield (5), a main duct convergence adjustment plate heat shield (6), a main duct expansion adjustment plate heat shield (7), a side wall heat shield (8), an outer duct convergence adjustment plate (9), an outer duct expansion adjustment plate (10), a rocker arm (11), and an actuator cylinder (12).

[0005] The front end of the circular-to-square cylindrical body (1) is fixedly connected to the engine;

[0006] The front end of the main culvert convergence adjustment plate (2) is hinged to the circular-to-square cylinder body (1), and the rear end is hinged to the main culvert expansion adjustment plate (3);

[0007] The front end of the side wall (4) is fixedly connected to the round-to-square cylinder (1);

[0008] The circular-to-square tube heat insulation screen (5) is fixedly connected to the circular-to-square tube (1), and a sandwich layer with a circular to square cross section is formed between the two, which serves as the second culvert airflow channel;

[0009] The heat insulation screen (6) of the main culvert convergence adjustment plate is fixedly connected to the main culvert convergence adjustment plate (2), the heat insulation screen (7) of the main culvert expansion adjustment plate is fixedly connected to the main culvert expansion adjustment plate (3), the heat insulation screen (8) of the side wall is fixedly connected to the side wall (4), and the interlayer between each heat insulation screen and the corresponding component together forms the second culvert airflow channel.

[0010] The front end of the outer duct convergence adjustment plate (9) is hinged to the side wall (4) with an opening, and the rear end is hinged to the outer duct expansion adjustment plate (10).

[0011] The front end of the actuator (12) is hinged to the side wall (4), and the rear end is hinged to the forearm of the rocker arm (11);

[0012] The central shaft of the rocker arm (11) is hinged to the side wall (4), and the rear arm is hinged to the outer expansion adjustment plate (10);

[0013] The rocker arm (11) is driven to rotate by the actuator (12), which in turn drives the outer culvert convergence adjustment plate (9) and the outer culvert expansion adjustment plate (10) to move toward the second culvert airflow channel formed by the side wall heat insulation screen (8) and the side wall (4), thereby realizing the independent adjustment of the area of ​​the second culvert.

[0014] Preferably, the temperature of the second culvert airflow is lower than that of the main culvert airflow, which is used to cool the heat insulation screen and improve the working environment of the heat insulation screen.

[0015] Preferably, the actuator (12) is a hydraulic or electric actuator; when the piston rod of the actuator (12) retracts, it drives the outer duct convergence adjustment plate (9) and the outer duct expansion adjustment plate (10) away from the side wall heat shield (8) to increase the area of ​​the second duct; when the piston rod of the actuator (12) extends, it drives the outer duct convergence adjustment plate (9) and the outer duct expansion adjustment plate (10) closer to the side wall heat shield (8) to reduce the area of ​​the second duct.

[0016] Preferably, the central cavity formed by the circular-to-square cylindrical heat insulation screen (5), the main culvert convergence adjustment plate heat insulation screen (6), the main culvert expansion adjustment plate heat insulation screen (7), and the side wall heat insulation screen (8) is the main culvert airflow channel. The main culvert airflow flows in from the circular channel of the circular-to-square cylindrical heat insulation screen (5) and exits from the square channel formed by the main culvert expansion adjustment plate heat insulation screen (7) and the side wall heat insulation screen (8).

[0017] Preferably, the main culvert convergence adjustment plate (2) and the main culvert expansion adjustment plate (3) are connected to the main culvert adjustment mechanism and the actuator. By adjusting the angle of the main culvert convergence adjustment plate (2) and the main culvert expansion adjustment plate (3), the active control of the main culvert throat area, outlet area and vector deflection can be achieved.

[0018] The circular-to-square binary vector nozzle with independently adjustable dual-duct area as described in claim 1 is characterized in that the cooling method of the second duct flow to the heat shield includes at least one of forced convection heat transfer or film cooling.

[0019] An aero-engine, characterized in that it includes a circular-to-square two-dimensional vector nozzle with independently adjustable dual-duct area, used to adjust engine thrust and vector control.

[0020] A method for adjusting the area of ​​a dual-duct system, applied to a circular-to-square binary vector nozzle with independently adjustable dual-duct area, characterized in that it includes:

[0021] The rocker arm (11) is driven by the actuator (12) to adjust the position of the outer duct convergence adjustment plate (9) and the outer duct expansion adjustment plate (10) so as to independently control the area of ​​the second duct.

[0022] The main culvert convergence adjustment plate (2) and main culvert expansion adjustment plate (3) are driven by the main culvert adjustment mechanism to independently control the throat area, outlet area and vector deflection of the main culvert;

[0023] The second duct airflow is used to cool the heat shield, improving the nozzle's high-temperature resistance.

[0024] Its advantages are:

[0025] The second duct has a smooth flow field and is an independent channel from the main duct, resulting in low aerodynamic drag and high thrust efficiency within its envelope.

[0026] The second duct is integrated with the main duct cooling channel, so that the airflow in the second duct can also cool the hot end components of the main duct, reduce the cooling airflow requirement of the main duct, and improve the operating conditions of the engine core.

[0027] The second duct adjustment mechanism is integrated with the main duct sidewall, which reduces the outer dimensions of the second duct adjustment mechanism and helps to achieve lightweight design.

[0028] The second duct actuator is located outside the duct. The actuator operates in a low ambient temperature, which helps improve its reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a small bypass ratio state of a two-dimensional vector nozzle that rotates from a circle to a square.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a 3D diagram of the small bypass ratio state of a two-dimensional vector nozzle that rotates from round to square.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a side view of a circular-to-square two-dimensional vector nozzle in a small bypass ratio state;

[0032] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional vector nozzle with a large bypass ratio that transitions from a circular to a square shape.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a 3D diagram of a two-dimensional vector nozzle with a large bypass ratio that is rotating from a circle to a square.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional vector nozzle with a large bypass ratio that transitions from a circular to a square shape. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a dual-duct area independently adjustable circular-to-square binary vector nozzle, such as... Figures 1-6 As shown, it includes: a circular-to-square cylindrical body 1, a main culvert convergence adjustment plate 2, a main culvert expansion adjustment plate 3, a side wall 4, a circular-to-square cylindrical body heat insulation screen 5, a main culvert convergence adjustment plate heat insulation screen 6, a main culvert expansion adjustment plate heat insulation screen 7, a side wall heat insulation screen 8, an outer culvert convergence adjustment plate 9, an outer culvert expansion adjustment plate 10, a rocker arm 11, and an actuating cylinder 12.

[0036] The front end of the round-to-square cylindrical body 1 is fixedly connected to the engine;

[0037] The front end of the main culvert convergence adjustment plate 2 is hinged to the circular-to-square cylinder body 1, and the rear end is hinged to the main culvert expansion adjustment plate 3.

[0038] The front end of the side wall 4 is fixedly connected to the round-to-square tube 1;

[0039] The circular-to-square cylindrical body 1 is fixedly connected to the circular-to-square cylindrical body heat insulation screen 5, and the "circular ring-square ring" cross-section sandwich between the two forms the second culvert airflow channel;

[0040] The main culvert convergence adjustment plate 2 is fixedly connected to the main culvert convergence adjustment plate heat insulation screen 6, and the square cross-section sandwich between the two forms the second culvert airflow channel.

[0041] The main culvert expansion regulating plate 3 is fixedly connected to the main culvert expansion regulating plate heat insulation screen 7, and the square cross-section sandwich between the two forms the second culvert airflow channel;

[0042] The side wall 4 is fixedly connected to the side wall heat insulation screen 8, and the square cross-section sandwich between the two forms the second culvert airflow channel;

[0043] The second culvert airflow flows in through the interlayer channel formed by the circular-to-square cylinder 1 and the circular-to-square cylinder heat insulation screen 5, and exits through the interlayer channel formed by the side walls 4 and the side wall heat insulation screens 8 on the left and right sides. When the second culvert airflow, which is lower in temperature than the main culvert airflow, passes over the surface of the heat insulation screen, the heat insulation screen is cooled by forced convection heat exchange or air film perforation, thereby improving the working environment of the heat insulation screen.

[0044] The front end of the duct convergence adjustment plate 9 is hinged to the side wall 4, and the rear end is hinged to the duct expansion adjustment plate 10; the front end of the actuating cylinder 12 is hinged to the side wall 4, and the rear end is hinged to the front arm of the rocker arm 11; the central shaft of the rocker arm 11 is hinged to the side wall 4, and the rear arm of the rocker arm 11 is hinged to the duct expansion adjustment plate 10; when the piston rod of the actuating cylinder 12 retracts, it drives the rocker arm 11 to rotate, causing the duct convergence adjustment plate 9 and the duct expansion adjustment plate 10 to move relative to each other, moving away from the side wall heat insulation screen 8, and the area of ​​the second duct increases accordingly; when the piston rod of the actuating cylinder 12 extends, it drives the rocker arm 11 to rotate, causing the duct convergence adjustment plate 9 and the duct expansion adjustment plate 10 to move relative to each other, moving closer to the side wall heat insulation screen 8, and the area of ​​the second duct decreases accordingly.

[0045] The central cavity, consisting of the circular-to-square cylindrical heat insulation screen 5, the main culvert convergence regulating plate heat insulation screen 6, the main culvert expansion regulating plate heat insulation screen 7, and the side wall heat insulation screen 8, is the main culvert airflow channel. The main culvert airflow flows in through the circular channel of the circular-to-square cylindrical heat insulation screen 5 and exits through the square channel formed by the main culvert expansion regulating plate heat insulation screen 7 and the side wall heat insulation screen 8.

[0046] Driven by the main culvert adjustment mechanism and the actuator, the main culvert convergence adjustment plate 2 and the main culvert expansion adjustment plate 3 realize the active control function of the main culvert throat area, outlet area and vector deflection. The main culvert adjustment mechanism scheme has been shown in a published invention patent, and the content of this patent will not be repeated here.

[0047] Its advantages are:

[0048] 1) The flow field of the second duct is smooth, and it is an independent channel from the main duct. It has low aerodynamic drag and high thrust efficiency within the envelope.

[0049] 2) The second duct is integrated with the main duct cooling channel, so that the airflow in the second duct can also cool the hot end components of the main duct, reduce the cooling airflow requirement of the main duct, and improve the operating conditions of the engine core.

[0050] 3) The second duct adjustment mechanism is integrated with the main duct sidewall, which reduces the outer dimensions of the second duct adjustment mechanism and helps to achieve lightweight design;

[0051] The second duct actuator is located outside the duct. The actuator operates in a low ambient temperature, which helps improve its reliability.

[0052] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dual-duct area independently adjustable circular-to-square binary vector nozzle, characterized in that, include: Round-to-square tube body (1), main culvert convergence adjustment plate (2), main culvert expansion adjustment plate (3), side wall (4), round-to-square tube body heat insulation screen (5), main culvert convergence adjustment plate heat insulation screen (6), main culvert expansion adjustment plate heat insulation screen (7), side wall heat insulation screen (8), outer culvert convergence adjustment plate (9), outer culvert expansion adjustment plate (10), rocker arm (11) and actuator cylinder (12); The front end of the circular-to-square cylindrical body (1) is fixedly connected to the engine; The front end of the main culvert convergence adjustment plate (2) is hinged to the circular-to-square cylinder body (1), and the rear end is hinged to the main culvert expansion adjustment plate (3); The front end of the side wall (4) is fixedly connected to the round-to-square cylinder (1); The circular-to-square tube heat insulation screen (5) is fixedly connected to the circular-to-square tube (1), and a sandwich layer with a circular to square cross section is formed between the two, which serves as the second culvert airflow channel; The heat insulation screen (6) of the main culvert convergence adjustment plate is fixedly connected to the main culvert convergence adjustment plate (2), the heat insulation screen (7) of the main culvert expansion adjustment plate is fixedly connected to the main culvert expansion adjustment plate (3), the heat insulation screen (8) of the side wall is fixedly connected to the side wall (4), and the interlayer between each heat insulation screen and the corresponding component together forms the second culvert airflow channel. The front end of the outer duct convergence adjustment plate (9) is hinged to the side wall (4) with an opening, and the rear end is hinged to the outer duct expansion adjustment plate (10). The front end of the actuator (12) is hinged to the side wall (4), and the rear end is hinged to the forearm of the rocker arm (11); The central shaft of the rocker arm (11) is hinged to the side wall (4), and the rear arm is hinged to the outer expansion adjustment plate (10); The rocker arm (11) is driven to rotate by the actuator (12), which in turn drives the outer culvert convergence adjustment plate (9) and the outer culvert expansion adjustment plate (10) to move toward the second culvert airflow channel formed by the side wall heat insulation screen (8) and the side wall (4), thereby realizing the independent adjustment of the area of ​​the second culvert.

2. The dual-duct area independently adjustable circular-to-square binary vector nozzle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The airflow temperature in the second culvert is lower than that in the main culvert, and it is used to cool the heat insulation screen and improve the working environment of the heat insulation screen.

3. The dual-duct area independently adjustable circular-to-square binary vector nozzle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The actuator (12) is a hydraulic or electric actuator; when the piston rod of the actuator (12) retracts, it drives the outer duct convergence adjustment plate (9) and the outer duct expansion adjustment plate (10) away from the side wall heat shield (8) to increase the area of ​​the second duct; when the piston rod of the actuator (12) extends, it drives the outer duct convergence adjustment plate (9) and the outer duct expansion adjustment plate (10) closer to the side wall heat shield (8) to reduce the area of ​​the second duct.

4. The dual-duct area independently adjustable circular-to-square binary vector nozzle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The central cavity formed by the circular-to-square cylindrical heat insulation screen (5), the main culvert convergence adjustment plate heat insulation screen (6), the main culvert expansion adjustment plate heat insulation screen (7), and the side wall heat insulation screen (8) is the main culvert airflow channel. The main culvert airflow flows in from the circular channel of the circular-to-square cylindrical heat insulation screen (5) and exits from the square channel formed by the main culvert expansion adjustment plate heat insulation screen (7) and the side wall heat insulation screen (8).

5. The dual-duct area independently adjustable circular-to-square binary vector nozzle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main culvert convergence adjustment plate (2) and the main culvert expansion adjustment plate (3) are connected to the main culvert adjustment mechanism and the execution mechanism. By adjusting the angle of the main culvert convergence adjustment plate (2) and the main culvert expansion adjustment plate (3), the active control of the main culvert throat area, outlet area and vector deflection can be achieved.

6. The dual-duct area independently adjustable circular-to-square binary vector nozzle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second duct airflow cooling method for the heat insulation screen includes at least one of forced convection heat transfer or perforated air film cooling.

7. An aircraft engine, characterized in that, It includes a circular-to-square two-dimensional vector nozzle with independently adjustable dual-duct area as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, used for adjusting engine thrust and vector control.

8. A method for adjusting the area of ​​a dual-duct system, applied to a circular-to-square binary vector nozzle with independently adjustable dual-duct area as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, include: The rocker arm (11) is driven by the actuator (12) to adjust the position of the outer duct convergence adjustment plate (9) and the outer duct expansion adjustment plate (10) so as to independently control the area of ​​the second duct. The main culvert convergence adjustment plate (2) and main culvert expansion adjustment plate (3) are driven by the main culvert adjustment mechanism to independently control the throat area, outlet area and vector deflection of the main culvert; The second duct airflow is used to cool the heat shield, improving the nozzle's high-temperature resistance.

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