Compact gyrotron terahertz source device based on pulsed high-intensity magnetic field

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electric vacuum devices, and discloses a compact gyrotron terahertz source device based on a pulsed high-intensity magnetic field, which comprises a power supply part and a gyrotron body, the gyrotron body is provided with a cathode used for generating electron beams and a resonant cavity serving as an electron beam channel, and the peripheral wall of the outer side of the electron beam channel of the gyrotron body serves as an anode. A coil unit for generating a pulsed magnetic field is distributed on the outer side peripheral wall of the electron beam channel of the gyrotron body; the coil unit comprises a continuous electric conductor which is spirally wound for multiple circles along the peripheral side of the gyrotron body; according to the invention, the coil unit and the gyrotron body are connected in series in the same circuit, so that the current generated by the same power supply flows through the coil unit and the gyrotron body in sequence, and the problems of complex structure, poor synchronous control precision and large energy loss of a conventional dual-power-supply power supply system are effectively solved. And the working reliability and the energy utilization efficiency of the terahertz source device are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electronic vacuum device technology, specifically relating to a compact gyrotron terahertz source device based on a pulsed strong magnetic field. Background Technology

[0002] As an electronic vacuum device that generates high-power terahertz radiation, the gyrotron has broad application prospects in imaging, communication, and spectral detection. When a gyrotron terahertz source system operates, it requires simultaneous power supply to both the magnetic field coil and the gyrotron body. Currently, existing gyrotron terahertz source systems employ two completely independent power supply systems: one to drive the magnetic field coil to generate a constant magnetic field, and the other to excite the gyrotron to generate an electron beam. However, these two independent power supply systems not only increase system complexity and cost but also result in a large gyrotron terahertz source system. Furthermore, because the magnetic field coil requires continuous excitation and consumes energy while the gyrotron operates in pulsed mode, a significant amount of magnetic field energy is wasted during pulse intervals. More importantly, the timing control between the two independent power supply systems is difficult to synchronize. Timing deviations between the two systems lead to mismatch between the electron beam and the magnetic field, causing electron beam defocusing and reduced interaction efficiency, directly affecting the output power and stability of the terahertz wave. Therefore, existing dual-power supply systems suffer from structural complexity, poor synchronization control accuracy, and high energy loss. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a compact gyrotron terahertz source device based on a pulsed strong magnetic field, which solves the problems of complex structure, poor synchronization control accuracy, and large energy loss in existing dual-power supply systems.

[0004] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A compact gyrotron terahertz source device based on a pulsed strong magnetic field includes a power supply unit and a gyrotron tube body; The gyro tube body is provided with a cathode for generating an electron beam and a resonant cavity as an electron beam channel, and the outer peripheral wall of the electron beam channel of the gyro tube body serves as an anode. A coil unit for generating a pulsed magnetic field is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the electron injection channel of the gyrotube body; The coil unit includes a continuous conductor that is spirally wound multiple times around the periphery of the gyrotube, with gaps between adjacent turns. The innermost end of the coil unit is used as the output end, and the outermost end of the coil unit is used as the input end; The input terminal of the coil unit is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit; The coil unit has only its output terminal fixed and electrically connected to the anode; The cathode of the gyrotube and the negative terminal of the power supply section are both grounded. The power supply unit synchronously supplies power to the gyrotube body and coil unit, and the electron beam and pulsed magnetic field are generated synchronously. The beam-wave interaction occurs at the resonant cavity of the gyrotube body to generate a terahertz wave signal.

[0005] Furthermore, the coil unit also includes a first insulating portion made of insulating material, which is arranged along the gap between adjacent turns of conductor in the coil unit, and forms electrical isolation between adjacent turns of conductor.

[0006] Furthermore, the conductor and the first insulating part together form a cylindrical structure sleeved on the rotary tube body.

[0007] Furthermore, the output terminal of the coil unit is also connected to a second line for grounding. A first resistor is connected in series in the second line, and the first resistor is connected in parallel with the gyrotube body. The equivalent resistance of the gyrotube body is greater than the resistance of the first resistor.

[0008] Furthermore, a second insulating part is coated in the joint between the conductor and the first insulating part, and the second insulating part is made of a curing material with insulating properties.

[0009] Furthermore, a collecting electrode is provided at the end of the resonant cavity of the gyrotube body away from the cathode, and a window made of sapphire material is fixedly installed inside the collecting electrode.

[0010] Furthermore, the conductor includes any one of copper foil, silver foil, gold foil, or aluminum foil.

[0011] Furthermore, the material of the first insulating part includes any one of polypropylene, polyethylene, or polyimide.

[0012] Furthermore, the material of the second insulation part includes any one of epoxy resin, silicone or insulating oil.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This application connects the coil unit and the gyrotron body in series in the same circuit. The current generated by the power supply flows sequentially through the coil unit and the gyrotron body. The current acts on the coil unit to generate a pulsed magnetic field, and at the same time, the current acts on the gyrotron body to generate an electron beam. Since both the pulsed magnetic field and the electron beam are generated by the current in the same series circuit, the intensity changes of both follow the current changes, and the generation of the pulsed magnetic field and the generation of the electron beam maintain a high degree of consistency in timing. This effectively solves the problems of complex structure, poor synchronous control accuracy and large energy loss in traditional dual-power supply systems, and significantly improves the working reliability and energy utilization efficiency of the terahertz source device. Meanwhile, by arranging the coil units on the peripheral wall of the gyro tube, the coil units and the gyro tube are integrated in a conformal manner, which effectively improves the compactness of the overall structure. 2. By filling the gaps between the conductors of each coil unit with insulating material to form a first insulating part, the electrical isolation effect is effectively achieved, preventing electric field breakdown between adjacent conductors due to high voltage operation. At the same time, the first insulating part fixes and constrains the relative position of each conductor, effectively resisting the electromagnetic stress generated by the pulse current, so as to prevent the conductor structure from deforming or loosening. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the rotary tube body and coil unit of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the coil unit of the present invention along the axial direction of the rotary tube body; Figure 3 This is an appendix to the present invention. Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a partial circuit diagram of the compact gyrotron terahertz source device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a compact gyrotron terahertz source device based on a pulsed strong magnetic field includes a power supply unit 200 and a gyrotron tube body 100. The gyro tube body 100 is provided with a cathode for generating an electron beam and a resonant cavity 105 as an electron beam channel, and the outer peripheral wall of the electron beam channel of the gyro tube body 100 serves as an anode 103. A coil unit 300 for generating a pulsed magnetic field is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the electron beam channel of the gyrotube body 100. The coil unit 300 includes a continuous conductor 301, which is spirally wound multiple times around the periphery of the rotary tube body 100, and a gap is left between each adjacent turn of the conductor 301. The innermost end of the coil unit 300 is used as the output end, and the outermost end of the coil unit 300 is used as the input end; The input terminal of the coil unit 300 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit 200; Only the output end of coil unit 300 is fixed and electrically connected to anode 103; The cathode of the gyrotube body 100 and the negative terminal of the power supply section 200 are both grounded; The power supply unit 200 synchronously supplies power to the gyro tube body 100 and the coil unit 300, and the electron beam and pulsed magnetic field are generated synchronously, and beam-wave interaction occurs at the resonant cavity 105 of the gyro tube body 100 to generate terahertz wave signals. It should be noted that a cathode electron gun component 106 is provided inside the gyro tube body 100. The output end of the cathode electron gun component 106 faces the window 102. The cathode electron gun component 106 is used to emit electron beams. After the electron beams interact, the remaining energy is absorbed and consumed by the collector 101. The terahertz signal is output through the sapphire window 102. Preferably, insulating ceramic 104 is provided on the peripheral wall of the gyrotube body 100 away from the electron injection channel; Preferably, the power supply unit 200 can be made of non-polar film capacitors such as metallized polypropylene capacitors and polyester film capacitors, with a rated voltage greater than 25kV.

[0018] When the gyro tube body 100 is energized, the cathode electron gun component 106 generates an electron beam, which passes through the resonant cavity 105. The gyro tube body 100 is prior art and will not be described in detail in this application. This application achieves a conformal integrated layout of the coil unit 300 and the gyrotube body 100 by arranging the coil unit 300 on the peripheral wall of the gyrotube body 100, effectively improving the compactness of the overall structure. Furthermore, by connecting the coil unit 300 and the gyrotube body 100 in series in the same circuit, the current generated by the same power source flows sequentially through the coil unit 300 and the gyrotube body 100. The current acts on the coil unit 300 to generate a pulsed magnetic field, and the current acts on the gyrotube body 100 to generate an electron beam. Since both the pulsed magnetic field and the electron beam are generated by the current in the same series circuit, the intensity changes of both follow the current changes, and the generation of the pulsed magnetic field and the generation of the electron beam maintain a natural consistency in timing. This effectively solves the problems of complex structure, poor synchronization control accuracy, and large energy loss in traditional dual-power supply systems, significantly improving the operational reliability and energy utilization efficiency of the terahertz source device.

[0019] The coil unit 300 also includes a first insulating part 302 made of insulating material. The first insulating part 302 is arranged along the gap between adjacent turns of conductor 301 in the coil unit 300. The first insulating part 302 forms electrical isolation between adjacent turns of conductor 301 to prevent electric field breakdown when the coil is operating at high voltage. Since the coil unit 300 in this application operates under high voltage, by filling the gaps between each coil conductor 301 of the coil unit 300 with a first insulating part 302 made of insulating material, the problem of electric field breakdown between adjacent coil conductors in the coil unit 300 due to high voltage can be effectively prevented, thus effectively achieving the effect of electrical isolation. At the same time, the first insulating part 302 fixes and constrains the relative position of each coil conductor 301, effectively resisting the electromagnetic stress generated by the pulse current, so as to prevent the conductor 301 from deforming or loosening.

[0020] The conductor 301 and the first insulating part 302 together form a cylindrical structure sleeved on the rotary tube body 100; The uniformity of the axial magnetic field distribution is improved by using a regular spiral path to optimize the electron beam confinement efficiency.

[0021] The positive terminal of the power supply unit 200 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the coil unit 300 through the first line 400; The output terminal of the coil unit 300 is also connected to a second line for grounding. A first resistor 500 is connected in series in the second line. The first resistor 500 is connected in parallel with the gyro tube body 100. The equivalent resistance of the gyro tube body 100 is greater than the resistance of the first resistor 500. It should be noted that the equivalent resistance of the gyrotube body 100 is much greater than the resistance of the first resistor 500. By setting the first resistor 500, when the power supply unit 200 is turned on, the current flowing through the coil unit 300 is controlled to be a kA-level pulse current, while the current flowing through the gyro tube body 100 is a mA-level pulse current. Under the premise of keeping the current timing of the two synchronized, the magnitude of the current in the coil unit 300 and the gyro tube body 100 can be precisely adjusted.

[0022] A second insulating part is coated in the joint between the conductor 301 and the first insulating part 302. The second insulating part is made of a curing material with insulating properties. The second insulating part enables the first insulating part 302 and the conductor 301 to form a stable integral structure.

[0023] The resonant cavity 105 of the gyrotube body 100 is provided with a collector 101 at the end away from the cathode. A window 102 made of sapphire material is fixedly installed inside the collector 101 to realize the transmission and radiation output of microwave signals. The sapphire window 102 enables effective penetration of terahertz signals and reliable sealing of the vacuum cavity inside the gyrotube 100. At the same time, the high thermal conductivity of sapphire allows for rapid dissipation of the heat generated by the electron beam bombardment of the collector electrode 101, preventing heat accumulation that could cause the window 102 to crack and improving the reliability of the gyrotube 100.

[0024] The conductor 301 includes any one of copper foil, silver foil, gold foil, or aluminum foil; Preferably, the outer diameter of the portion of the rotary tube body 100 where the coil unit 300 is mounted is 11 mm; Preferably, the conductor 301 can be a long strip of copper foil with an axial cross-sectional dimension of 15 mm in width and 0.1 mm in thickness; Preferably, the copper foil strip is wound clockwise 30 times around the 100-circumference side of the rotary tube body.

[0025] The material of the first insulating part 302 includes any one of polymer insulating materials such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyimide or polyester.

[0026] The material of the second insulation part includes any one of epoxy resin, silicone, silicone gel or insulating oil.

[0027] Preferably, the rotary tube body 100 is also equipped with a vacuum system for evacuating the hollow cavity inside the rotary tube body 100, which can ensure that the entire system can be used in a dynamic vacuum system environment.

[0028] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0029] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A compact gyrotron terahertz source device based on a pulsed strong magnetic field, comprising a power supply unit (200) and a gyrotron body (100), wherein the gyrotron body (100) is provided with a cathode for generating an electron beam and a resonant cavity (105) serving as an electron beam channel, and the outer peripheral wall of the electron beam channel of the gyrotron body (100) serves as an anode (103), characterized in that: A coil unit (300) for generating a pulsed magnetic field is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the electron injection channel of the gyrotube body (100). The coil unit (300) includes a continuous conductor (301) which is spirally wound multiple times around the circumference of the electron injection channel of the gyrotube body (100), and there is a gap between adjacent turns of the conductor (301). The innermost end of the coil unit (300) is used as the output end, and the outermost end of the coil unit (300) is used as the input end; The input terminal of the coil unit (300) is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit (200); The output end of the coil unit (300) is fixed and electrically connected to the gyro tube body (100) which serves as the anode (103); The cathode of the gyrotube body (100) and the negative terminal of the power supply section (200) are both grounded; The power supply unit (200) synchronously supplies power to the gyro tube body (100) and the coil unit (300), and the electron beam and pulse magnetic field are generated synchronously. The beam-wave interaction is performed at the resonant cavity (105) of the gyro tube body (100) to generate a terahertz wave signal.

2. The compact gyrotron terahertz source device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coil unit (300) also includes a first insulating portion (302) made of insulating material, which is arranged along the gap between adjacent coil conductors (301) in the coil unit (300) and forms electrical isolation between adjacent coil conductors (301).

3. The compact gyrotron terahertz source device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The conductor (301) and the first insulating part (302) together form a cylindrical structure sleeved on the rotary tube body (100).

4. The compact gyrotron terahertz source device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The output terminal of the coil unit (300) is also connected to a second line for grounding. A first resistor (500) is connected in series in the second line. The first resistor (500) is connected in parallel with the gyro tube body (100). The equivalent resistance of the gyro tube body (100) is greater than the resistance of the first resistor (500).

5. The compact gyrotron terahertz source device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A second insulating part is coated in the joint between the conductor (301) and the first insulating part (302), and the second insulating part is made of a curing material with insulating properties.

6. The compact gyrotron terahertz source device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resonant cavity (105) of the gyro tube body (100) is provided with a collector electrode (101) at the end away from the cathode, and a window (102) made of sapphire material is fixedly installed inside the collector electrode (101).

7. The compact gyrotron terahertz source device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductor (301) includes any one of copper foil, silver foil, gold foil or aluminum foil.

8. The compact gyrotron terahertz source device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The material of the first insulating part (302) includes any one of polypropylene, polyethylene or polyimide.

9. The compact gyrotron terahertz source device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The material of the second insulation part includes any one of epoxy resin, silicone or insulating oil.

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