Ditching and sowing method of seeder

Abstract

The invention discloses a furrowing and seed sowing method of a seeder, which comprises the following steps: furrowing field soil to form a groove, and then sowing seeds into the groove, and is characterized in that after the seeds are sowed, part of soil is scraped off from the inner wall of the groove to complete the covering of the seeds. According to the invention, seed protection can be better realized, the phenomenon of seedling burning caused by fertilizer damage during sowing is effectively reduced, and the sowing germination rate and survival rate of seeds are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural technology, in particular to a sowing machine furrowing and sowing method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing sowing machine generally needs to complete the tasks of soil loosening, sowing and fertilizing, and the sowing machine is considered to be integrated with components such as soil loosening devices, sowing devices and fertilizing devices. In some sowing machines, a furrowing mechanism is added to spread seeds and fertilizers into the furrows opened by the furrowing mechanism, but in most sowing machines, the seeds and fertilizers are mixed together after being spread into the furrows, which makes the seeds prone to fertilizer damage, especially for some seeds with low fertilizer tolerance, which can cause seedling burn after germination.

[0003] CN201620424044.1 discloses an agricultural sowing machine, which comprises a traveling wheel and a steel frame arranged on one side of the traveling wheel, the bottom end of the steel frame is provided with a motor, the bottom end of the motor is provided with a shaft sleeve, and the shaft sleeve is connected with a furrowing device, one side of the furrowing device is provided with a seed dropping device, and a seed adjusting nut is arranged in the middle of the seed dropping device, the top end of the seed adjusting nut is provided with a chain wheel and a chain, one side of the steel frame is provided with a buffer column, one end of the buffer column is provided with a seed box, and one side of the seed box is provided with a fertilizer controller, the bottom end of the fertilizer controller is connected with a fertilizer applicator, one side of the fertilizer applicator is provided with a soil covering shaft wheel, and the top end of the fertilizer controller is provided with a fertilizer box. The agricultural sowing machine can effectively realize the integration of fertilizing, sowing and soil covering. However, it still has the above-mentioned defects, that is, after the furrowing device furrows, the seed dropping device is used to sow seeds first, and then the fertilizer applicator is used to fertilize, the seeds and fertilizers are in contact in the furrow, which is prone to seedling burn.

[0004] In order to avoid direct contact between seeds and fertilizers to cause fertilizer damage, some sowing machines separate sowing and fertilizing, and each uses a different furrowing device to furrow and then sows and fertilizes respectively. For example, CN202321283319.0 discloses a fertilizing sowing machine, and CN202322440740.4 discloses a no-tillage sowing machine, which all belong to this case. However, in this way, one set of furrowing device is used for sowing and fertilizing respectively, which greatly increases the complexity of the device, resulting in increased equipment cost and difficulty in controlling the device.

[0005] In addition, in some sowing machines, the seeds are not treated after being sown, which makes them prone to being eaten by birds or insects. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is how to provide a sowing machine furrowing and sowing method which can better protect seeds and reduce fertilizer damage and seedling burn.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the application adopts the following technical solutions: A sowing machine ditching and sowing method, first forming a ditch by ditching the field soil, and then sowing seeds into the ditch, characterized in that after the seeds are sown, part of the soil is scraped off from the inner wall of the ditch to complete the covering of the seeds.

[0008] In this way, the seeds are sown into the ditch after ditching, which is more conducive to the protection of the seeds. More importantly, after the seeds are sown, part of the soil is scraped off from the side wall of the ditch to complete the covering of the seeds before fertilization. Therefore, after subsequent fertilization, the fertilizer will not directly contact the seeds but slowly penetrate to the lower part for the seeds to absorb, greatly reducing the fertilizer damage and seedling burn phenomenon. At the same time, the seeds are covered with soil and will not be exposed to the outside, avoiding being eaten by birds or insects.

[0009] Further, the method is realized by a sowing device, which comprises a seed bin vertically upwardly arranged, a seed hopper at the lower end of the seed bin, and a rotary feeder arranged at the outlet of the lower end of the seed hopper; a ditching mechanism is further arranged at the lower end of the rotary feeder, which comprises a soil breaking member at the front end and a seed dropping bin at the middle part, the front end of the soil breaking member is a forward soil breaking edge, the rear end is inclined backward and connected to the side of the seed dropping bin, the seed dropping bin has a horizontal rectangular frame structure and is arranged through from top to bottom, and a discharge cylinder is arranged downward at the outlet of the lower end of the rotary feeder, the lower end of the discharge cylinder is connected to the upper end of the seed dropping bin; a soil scraping mechanism is further arranged above the rear side of the seed dropping bin, which comprises a scraper vertically arranged along the front-rear direction, and a plurality of scraper teeth are protruding outwardly arranged on the outer side of the scraper.

[0010] In this way, the seeds are located in the seed bin and can be quantitatively discharged by the rotary feeder. The rotary feeder, also known as a star-shaped discharger, is a mature existing discharging device, which can realize the quantitative and constant-speed discharging of materials by the transversely arranged discharging shaft and the rotating leaves thereon. During the discharging process, the discharging speed can be adjusted by controlling the rotating speed of the discharging shaft by the discharging motor. At the same time, the ditching device at the lower end breaks the soil to form a ditch, and then the seed discharge port directly falls into the ditch from the seed dropping bin to realize deep ploughing and planting of the seeds, thereby improving the seed planting effect. After the seeds are sown, the soil is scraped by the soil scraping mechanism. When working, the scraper teeth are in contact with the side wall of the ditch formed by the front soil breaking member, so that the soil scraping mechanism can scrape part of the soil on the side wall of the ditch after the seeds are sown in the ditch to cover the seeds. In this way, during subsequent fertilization, the seeds can avoid direct contact with the fertilizer to cause fertilizer damage, better guarantee the fertilization effect, and improve the subsequent seed germination rate. It also avoids the seeds from being eaten by birds, mice, insects, etc. after sowing.

[0011] Further, a vertical connecting arm is vertically arranged at the rear end of the seed dropping bin and connected to the upper body to fix it. In this way, the stability of the sowing device is better improved.

[0012] Further, a baffle plate is arranged on each of the left and right sides of the seed drop bin and extends upward and outward.

[0013] Alternatively, the soil breaking member is a triangular shape that faces forward, and the soil scraping mechanism is two and arranged on both sides above the rear side of the seed drop bin.

[0014] In this way, the soil breaking member breaks the soil evenly to the left and right, and the soil breaking and ditching are easier.

[0015] More preferably, the soil breaking member is an inclined plate shape, the rear end of which is connected to the front end of one side of the seed drop bin, and the front end extends obliquely forward to the opposite position in front of the other side of the seed drop bin; the scraper is arranged at the rear of the drop bin on the side of the soil breaking member.

[0016] In this way, the soil breaking member breaks the soil to form a ditch to one side, and the soil is pressed to form a ditch to one side, and the soil scraping mechanism is arranged on the side. In this way, the strength of the side wall of the ditch on the side of the soil scraping mechanism is improved, and the soil scraping mechanism is prevented from easily scraping the entire side wall of the ditch during soil scraping. The collapse of the side wall of the ditch will increase the depth of the seed burial, which is not conducive to subsequent fertilization and seed germination.

[0017] Further, the upper end of the soil breaking member is higher than the upper end of the seed drop bin by a distance.

[0018] In this way, the soil can be broken better to prevent the soil in front from falling into the seed drop bin.

[0019] Further, the scrapers are arranged in a row and staggered front and back. In this way, the soil can be scraped better.

[0020] Further, the scrapers are arranged in a row and staggered front and back. In this way, the soil can be scraped better.

[0021] Further, two mounting plates are arranged at the rear ends of the left and right sides of the seed drop bin, two adjusting rods are horizontally fixed between the mounting plates, the mounting end of the scraper is folded inward, then extends backward and forward to form a mounting section, the mounting section is provided with perforations corresponding to the adjusting rods and is slidably mounted on the two adjusting rods, a compression spring is sleeved on each of the left and right sides of the adjusting rod, a force bearing washer is further arranged on the outer side of each of the two compression springs, a compression adjusting nut is arranged on the left and right sides of each of the force bearing washers, and the two ends of the adjusting rod are provided with threads matched with the compression adjusting nuts.

[0022] In this way, when the scraper scrapes the soil, it relies on the compression springs on both sides of the mounting section to have a space for elastic deformation in the left-right direction, so that when the scraper encounters hard objects, it can rely on elasticity to avoid forced scraping and prevent the collapse of the groove side wall. At the same time, the left-right position of the scraper can be adjusted by adjusting the left-right position of the two bearing washers, thereby corresponding to the adjustment of the scraping depth of the scraper, and the scraping effect can also be adjusted after the scraper is worn to restore the scraping effect and prolong the service life. After adjusting the position of the scraper, the bearing washer can also be self-locked by two compression adjusting nuts to avoid shaking and falling off.

[0023] Further, the seed material bin is provided with a front and rear through groove at the upper end of the side of the soil breaking member, and the projection of the scraper in the forward direction is located in the groove.

[0024] In this way, during the process of breaking the soil body by the soil breaking member and the soil breaking member, a horizontal protrusion is extruded on the groove side wall above the extrusion side wall corresponding to the groove, which is extruded by the scraper, so that the groove side wall is better avoided from being scraped off.

[0025] In implementation, the above-mentioned seed sowing device can replace the existing seed sowing device to realize sowing in any seeding machine, but it is most suitable for application in a seeding machine in which the seed sowing device is arranged in front of the fertilizer device.

[0026] In summary, the present application can better protect the seeds, effectively reduce the fertilizer damage and seedling burn phenomenon during sowing, and improve the seed germination rate and survival rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the seed sowing device used in embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0028] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the furrow opening mechanism alone in FIG. 1. Figure 1

[0029] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1. Figure 2

[0030] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a top view of the furrow opening mechanism used in embodiment 2 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] A seeding machine furrow opening and sowing method, which first forms a groove by opening the field soil, and then sows seeds into the groove, characterized in that part of the soil is scraped from the inner wall of the groove after the seeds are sown to complete the covering of the seeds.​​

[0034] In this way, the seeds are scattered into the trench after the trench is opened, which is more conducive to the protection of the seeds. More importantly, after the seeds are scattered, part of the soil on the side wall of the trench is scraped off to cover the seeds before fertilization. Therefore, after subsequent fertilization, the fertilizer does not directly contact the seeds but slowly penetrates downward for the seeds to absorb, thereby greatly reducing the fertilizer damage and seedling burn phenomenon. At the same time, the seeds are covered with soil and will not be exposed to the outside, avoiding being eaten by birds or insects.

[0035] In this embodiment, the method is implemented by a seed scattering device installed on a seeding machine, as shown in Figures 1-3 The seed scattering device 3 includes a seed bin 31 arranged vertically upward, and the seed bin 31 has a seed hopper 32 at the lower end. A rotary feeder 33 is arranged at the outlet of the lower end of the seed hopper 32. The lower end of the seed scattering device 3 is also provided with a trench opening mechanism, which includes a soil breaking member 34 at the front end and a seed dropping bin 35 at the middle part. The front end of the soil breaking member 34 is a forward soil breaking edge, and the rear end is inclined backward and connected to the side of the seed dropping bin 35. The seed dropping bin 35 has a horizontal rectangular frame structure and is arranged through from top to bottom. The outlet of the lower end of the rotary feeder 33 is downwardly provided with a discharge cylinder 36, and the lower end of the discharge cylinder 36 is connected to the upper end of the seed dropping bin 35. The rear side of the seed dropping bin 35 is also provided with a soil scraping mechanism, which includes a scraper 39 arranged vertically along the front-rear direction. The outer side of the scraper is outwardly provided with a plurality of scraper teeth 40.

[0036] In this way, the seeds are located in the seed bin, and the rotary feeder can realize the quantitative discharge of the seeds. The rotary feeder, also known as a star-type discharger, is a mature existing discharging device. It can realize the quantitative and constant-speed discharge of materials by means of the transversely arranged discharging shaft and the rotating leaves thereon. During the discharging process, the discharging speed can be adjusted by controlling the rotating speed of the discharging shaft by the discharging motor. At the same time, the trench opening device at the lower end breaks the soil to open the trench, and then the seed discharge port directly falls into the trench from the seed dropping bin to realize the deep ploughing planting of the seeds, thereby improving the seed planting effect. After the seeds are scattered, the soil is scraped by the soil scraping mechanism. When working, the scraper teeth are in contact with the side wall of the trench formed by the front soil breaking member, so that the soil scraping mechanism can scrape part of the soil on the side wall of the trench to cover the seeds after the seeds are scattered into the trench. In this way, during subsequent fertilization, the seeds and the fertilizer can be directly contacted to produce fertilizer damage, thereby better ensuring the fertilization effect and improving the subsequent seed germination rate. It also avoids the seeds from being eaten by birds, mice, insects, etc. after being planted.

[0037] The rear end of the seed dropping bin 35 is vertically upwardly provided with a vertical connecting arm 37 and is fixedly connected to the upper body. In this way, the stability of the seed scattering device is better improved.

[0038] The seed falling bin 35 is provided with a baffle plate 38 on both sides thereof.

[0039] The soil breaking member 34 is an inclined plate, the rear end of which is connected to the front end of one side of the seed falling bin 35, and the front end extends forward to the front of the other side of the seed falling bin 35.

[0040] The soil breaking member breaks the soil to form a groove in one side direction, and the soil is pressed to form a groove in one side, and the soil scraping mechanism is arranged on the side, which improves the strength of the side wall of the groove on the side of the soil scraping mechanism, and avoids the whole side wall of the groove from being scraped off easily during the soil scraping process.

[0041] The upper end of the soil breaking member 34 is higher than the upper end of the seed falling bin 35 by a distance.

[0042] This can better break the soil and avoid the soil in front from falling into the seed falling bin.

[0043] The scraping teeth 40 are arranged in rows and are staggered front and back. This can better scrape off the soil.

[0044] The height of the scraping teeth 40 gradually increases from front to back. This can better scrape off the soil and avoid the side wall of the groove from being scraped off.

[0045] The rear end of the seed falling bin is provided with two mounting plates 41, two adjusting rods 42 are fixed horizontally between the mounting plates 41, the mounting end of the scraping plate 39 is folded inward and then extends forward to form a mounting section, the mounting section is provided with a through hole corresponding to the adjusting rod and is slidably mounted on the two adjusting rods 42 (the two adjusting rods 42 are vertically spaced), a compression spring 43 is sleeved on the left and right sides of the adjusting rod 42, a force bearing washer 44 is further provided on the outer side of the adjusting rod 42, a compression adjusting nut 45 is arranged on the left and right sides of the force bearing washer 44, and the two ends of the adjusting rod are provided with threads matched with the compression adjusting nut.

[0046] In this way, the scraper, when scraping the soil, has a space for elastic deformation in the left-right direction by means of the compression springs on the two sides of the mounting section, and can elastically avoid hard objects when the scraper encounters the hard objects, thereby avoiding forcibly scraping and pulling the side wall of the groove. Meanwhile, the left-right position of the scraper can be adjusted by adjusting the left-right position of the two bearing washers, thereby corresponding adjustment of the scraping depth of the scraper tooth can be performed, and the scraping effect can be adjusted after the scraper tooth is worn, thereby prolonging the service life. After the position of the scraper is adjusted, the bearing washer can be self-locked by means of the two compression adjusting nuts, thereby avoiding shaking and falling.

[0047] The upper end of the side of the seed drop bin on which the soil breaking member is installed is further horizontally provided with a front-rear through groove 46, and the projection of the scraper tooth in the front direction is located in the groove 46.

[0048] In this way, in the process of breaking the soil body by the soil breaking member and the soil breaking member, a horizontal protrusion is extruded on the groove side wall above the groove corresponding to the extrusion side wall, for the scraper tooth to scrape, thereby better avoiding the scraping of the groove side wall.

[0049] Embodiment 2; the difference between this embodiment 2 and embodiment 1 is only that the specific structure of the furrowing mechanism in the adopted seed sowing device is different, see Figure 4 In the furrowing mechanism in this embodiment, the soil breaking member 34' is a forward triangular shape, and the soil scraping mechanism is two and is arranged on both sides above the rear side of the seed drop bin. The front end of the scraper 39' of the soil scraping mechanism is directly fixed on the position above the rear end of both sides of the seed drop bin 35'. In this way, the soil breaking member breaks the soil body evenly to the left and right in the forward direction, and the soil breaking and furrowing are more relaxed. The rest of the structure of the seed sowing device in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1, and is not repeated here.

Claims

1. A method of sowing seeds by a sowing machine, comprising the steps of forming a furrow in a field soil and sowing seeds into the furrow, wherein the method is characterized by the steps of: The seed is covered by scraping part of the soil from the inner wall of the groove after being sown. ​ 2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method is realized by a seed sowing device, which comprises a seed bin vertically upwardly arranged, a seed hopper at the lower end of the seed bin, and a rotary feeder arranged at the lower end outlet of the seed hopper; a furrowing mechanism is further arranged at the lower end of the rotary feeder, which comprises a soil breaking member at the front end and a seed dropping bin at the middle part; the front end of the soil breaking member is a soil breaking blade pointing forward, and the rear end is rearwardly inclined and connected to the side of the seed dropping bin; the seed dropping bin has a horizontal rectangular frame structure and is provided through from top to bottom; a discharge cylinder is arranged downward at the lower end outlet of the rotary feeder, and the lower end of the discharge cylinder is connected to the upper end of the seed dropping bin; a soil scraping mechanism is further arranged above the rear side of the seed dropping bin, which comprises a scraper vertically arranged along the front-rear direction, and a plurality of scraper teeth are protruded outwardly on the outer side of the scraper.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The rear end of the seed dropping bin is vertically upwardly connected to the machine body through a vertical connecting arm.

4. The planter row-unit spacing method of claim 2, wherein, A baffle plate is arranged upwardly on each of the left and right sides of the seed dropping bin and extends outwardly to both sides.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein, The soil breaking member is triangular and points forward, and the soil scraping mechanism comprises two parts arranged above the rear side of the seed dropping bin.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein, The soil breaking member is an inclined plate, the rear end of which is connected to the front end of one side of the seed dropping bin, and the front end extends forwardly to the front of the other side of the seed dropping bin.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The upper end of the soil breaking member is higher than the upper end of the seed dropping bin by a distance.

8. The planter row-unit spacing method of claim 6, wherein, The scraper teeth are arranged in rows and are staggered in front and back. The heights of the scraper teeth gradually increase from front to back.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein, Two mounting plates are arranged at the rear ends of the left and right sides of the seed dropping bin, two adjusting rods are horizontally arranged between the mounting plates, the mounting end of the scraper is inwardly folded, rearwardly extended and then forwardly extended to form a mounting section, the mounting section is provided with through holes corresponding to the adjusting rods and is slidably mounted on the two adjusting rods, a compression spring is sleeved on each of the left and right sides of the adjusting rod, a force bearing washer is further arranged on the outer side of each of the adjusting rods, a pressing adjusting nut is arranged on each of the left and right sides of the force bearing washer, and the two ends of the adjusting rod are respectively provided with threads matched with the pressing adjusting nuts.

10. The method of claim 6, wherein, A groove is further horizontally arranged on the upper end of the side of the seed dropping bin where the soil breaking member is arranged, and the projection of the scraper tooth in front corresponds to the groove.

Images