Sugarcane fertilizing device and method suitable for acid soil

Abstract

The invention discloses a sugarcane fertilizing device and method suitable for acid soil. The device comprises a base plate, walking wheels, a shell, and a fertilizer bin, a modifier bin, a mixing bin and a fertilizing block which are arranged on the base plate. A first spiral blade rod and a second spiral blade rod which are driven by a motor are respectively arranged in the fertilizer bin and the modifier bin and are used for conveying materials to the mixing bin. The mixing bin is used for mixing the fertilizer and the modifier, and the mixed fertilizer is discharged from the fertilization through holes in the side wall of the fertilization barrel. The pH value of soil is detected in real time through the pH sensor, the required rate of the modifier is calculated in real time, the rotating speed of the modifier motor is accurately controlled, and therefore the application amount of the modifier such as lime is dynamically adjusted. The soil acidity is accurately improved while fertilization is achieved, the fertilizer utilization rate is effectively increased, and the problems that traditional step-by-step operation is low in efficiency and inaccurate in improvement are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of sugarcane fertilization, and in particular to a sugarcane fertilization device and method suitable for acid soil. BACKGROUND

[0002] Sugarcane is an important sugar and energy crop in China and even the world, and its high yield and high sugar characteristics require high soil fertility conditions. However, in the vast sugarcane growing areas of China, especially in the southern red soil and yellow soil areas, there is a general problem of soil acidification. Acid soil (pH < 5.5) can cause multiple stresses on sugarcane growth, severely restricting the improvement of its yield and quality.

[0003] Traditional sugarcane fertilization machines have single functions and can only achieve fertilizer spreading or trenching. For acid soil improvement, the distributed operation mode of "first spreading lime for improvement, then fertilization and planting" is generally adopted. In this mode, lime is only applied to the ground surface and needs to rely on rainwater or irrigation to slowly infiltrate, which has poor, slow, and low efficiency in neutralizing deep soil acidity. At the same time, the step-by-step operation also increases the number of mechanical uses, resulting in high energy consumption and increased labor costs. In addition, soil acidification improvement lacks precision, and the traditional method is to uniformly apply the improvement agent to the entire field, which cannot achieve on-demand control, resulting in over-improvement of slightly acidified areas and insufficient improvement of severely acidified areas, causing resource waste and failing to create a consistent excellent environment for crops. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a sugarcane fertilization device and method suitable for acid soil to solve the problem of insufficient precision and low efficiency in the fertilization process of existing devices.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The utility model provides a sugarcane fertilizing device suitable for acid soil, which comprises a base plate connected with a walking wheel, a shell connected to the top of the base plate, a handle connected to the shell, a fertilizer motor, an amendment motor, a fertilizer bin, an amendment bin, a mixing bin and a fertilizing block connected to the base plate, a first spiral blade rod coaxially connected to the fertilizer motor, a second spiral blade rod coaxially connected to the amendment motor, the first spiral blade rod arranged inside the fertilizer bin, the first spiral blade rod connected with a first gear outside the fertilizer bin, the second spiral blade rod arranged inside the amendment bin, the fertilizer bin and the amendment bin communicated with the mixing bin, a third spiral blade rod arranged inside the mixing bin, one end of the third spiral blade rod penetrating to the outside of the mixing bin and connected with a second gear, the first gear and the second gear meshing with each other, the other end of the third spiral blade rod penetrating to the inside of the fertilizing block and connected with a first bevel gear, the fertilizing block connected with a fertilizing cylinder on both sides, the fertilizing cylinder communicated with the mixing bin, a fourth spiral blade rod rotatably connected inside the fertilizing cylinder, one end of the fourth spiral blade rod penetrating to the inside of the fertilizing block and connected with a second bevel gear, the second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear, a plurality of fertilizing through holes arrayed at the bottom of the side wall of the fertilizing cylinder, a fertilizer feeding bin communicated with the top of the fertilizer bin, an amendment feeding bin communicated with the top of the amendment bin, an electric control valve arranged inside the fertilizer feeding bin and the amendment feeding bin, the electric control valve used for controlling the opening and closing of the fertilizer feeding bin and the amendment feeding bin, a main control board connected to the shell, the main control board used for controlling the rotating speed of the fertilizer motor and the amendment motor and the opening and closing of the electric control valve.

[0007] Further, the base plate is connected with a power motor, the output shaft of the power motor is connected with a power wheel, and the power wheel is in transmission with the rotating shaft of the walking wheel through a belt.

[0008] Further, a plurality of furrowers are arrayed at the bottom of the base plate, and the total width of the furrowers is consistent with the width of the fertilizing cylinders on both sides.

[0009] A use method of a sugarcane fertilizing device suitable for acid soil, the pH value of soil is a by using the existing pH sensor to detect in real time, the required pH value of soil is b, the neutralization coefficient of the amendment used in the amendment bin is c, the volume of the amendment bin is V1, and the required rate d of the amendment is , the rotating speed of the amendment motor is calculated as .

[0010] Further, the rotating speed of the amendment motor is , wherein is the discharge efficiency calibration coefficient of the amendment motor, and the discharge efficiency calibration coefficient is determined by field calibration experiment.

[0011] The principle and beneficial effects of the technical solution are as follows: the device can simultaneously perform soil improvement in the process of fertilization by mixing the modifier and the fertilizer, can greatly accelerate the efficiency of fertilization and soil improvement, and can cooperate with the pH sensor to detect the current soil pH value in real time during use, control the output rate of the modifier through the pH value, thereby achieving accurate application of the modifier, achieving effective regulation, improving accuracy, ensuring regional consistency, promoting sugarcane yield and sugar increase, and realizing saving and efficient use of agricultural resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0013] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present application;

[0014] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the spiral blade rod of the present application;

[0015] Figure 4 It is a top view of the fertilization block of the present application;

[0016] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the fertilization through hole of the present application;

[0017] In the figure: 1, base plate; 2, fertilizer motor; 3, modifier motor; 4, mixing bin; 5, fertilization block; 6, electric control valve; 7, main control board; 8, power motor; 9, furrow opener; 11, walking wheel; 12, shell; 13, handle; 21, fertilizer bin; 22, first spiral blade rod; 23, first gear; 24, fertilizer feeding bin; 31, modifier bin; 32, second spiral blade rod; 33, modifier feeding bin; 41, third spiral blade rod; 42, second gear; 43, first bevel gear; 51, fertilization cylinder; 52, fourth spiral blade rod; 53, second bevel gear; 54, fertilization through hole; 81, power wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments:

[0019] As Figures 1-5The utility model provides an applicable sugarcane fertilization device of acid soil, including base plate 1, the top of base plate 1 is connected with the casing 12, and the casing 12 is square structure, and the right side of casing 12 is connected with two handle 13 for controlling device movement, and the top right side of base plate 1 is connected with power motor 8, and the output shaft of power motor 8 is coaxially connected with power wheel 81, and the bottom of base plate 1 is connected with four walking wheels 11, wherein the rotating shaft between the right side two walking wheels 11 is connected transmission with power wheel 81 through belt, and the device can be provided with the power of movement by starting power motor 8, and the left side of base plate 1 is connected with two motors, and two motors are fertilizer motor 2 and modifier motor 3 respectively, and the right side of two motors is connected with fertilizer bin 21 and modifier bin 31 correspondingly, and the right side output shaft of fertilizer motor 2 and modifier motor 3 is connected with first helical blade rod 22 and second helical blade rod 32 respectively, and first helical blade rod 22 is inserted to the inside of fertilizer bin 21 and can rotate in fertilizer bin 21, and first helical blade rod 22 is coaxially connected with first gear 23, and second helical blade rod 32 is inserted to the inside of modifier bin 31 and can rotate in modifier bin 31, and the top of fertilizer bin 21 and modifier bin 31 is communicated with fertilizer feeder bin 24 and modifier feeder bin 33 respectively, and the middle part of fertilizer feeder bin 24 and modifier feeder bin 33 is provided with electric control valve 6, and electric control valve 6 is controlled by main control board 7 arranged on casing 12, and the right end of fertilizer bin 21 and modifier bin 31 is communicated with mixing bin 4, and mixing bin 4 is rotatably connected with third helical blade rod 41 inside, and the left end of third helical blade rod 41 is inserted to the outside of mixing bin 4 and is connected with second gear 42, and first gear 23 is engaged with second gear 42, and the right side of mixing bin 4 is provided with fertilization block 5, and the right end of third helical blade rod 41 is inserted to the inside of fertilization block 5 and is connected with first bevel gear 43, and fertilization block 5 is fixedly connected with fertilization cylinder 51 on both sides, and mixing bin 4 is communicated with both sides fertilization cylinder 51, and fertilization cylinder 51 is inserted casing 12, and the bottom of fertilization cylinder 51 is arrayed with a plurality of fertilization through -hole 54, and the mixed fertilizer is finally discharged from fertilization through -hole 54, and the inside of fertilization cylinder 51 is rotatably connected with fourth helical blade rod 52, and one end of fourth helical blade rod 52 is inserted to the inside of fertilization block 5 and is connected with second bevel gear 53, and first bevel gear 43 is engaged with second bevel gear 53, and the bottom of base plate 1 is connected with a plurality of linear array arrangement furrow opener 9, and furrow opener 9 is used to break soil, so that the mixed fertilizer is applied to deep soil, avoids the invalidity of shallow application, and the casing 12 is provided with main control board 7, and main control board 7 is used to control the rotational speed and switch of fertilizer motor 2, modifier motor 3, and electric control valve 6 is also controlled by main control board 7.

[0020] The specific implementation process is as follows: first, the required soil pH value of sugarcane is set, that is, the desired soil pH value, the required pH value is set as b, and then the pH value of the planting soil is measured in real time through the pH sensor, the pH sensor can be handheld or installed on the device, the pH sensor is connected with the main control board 7, so that the pH sensor, the fertilizer motor 2 and the modifier motor 3 form a system, the pH sensor controls the speed of the modifier motor 3 in real time, the current pH value of the soil is set as a, the type of modifier is selected, for example, fine powder lime, dolomite powder or alkaline organic modifier, the neutralization coefficient c of the selected modifier is determined, the volume of the modifier bin 31 is V1, which is a known condition, and then the required rate of the modifier can be determined through the formula Wherein the meaning of selecting to use the max function is that the amount of modifier will never be a negative number, when the soil does not need to be improved, 0 is output to stop applying, through the formula The speed of the modifier motor 3 is controlled to ensure that the soil reaches the required pH value, further, the correction coefficient can be obtained through multiple experiments The speed of the modifier motor 3 is controlled to ensure that the soil reaches the required pH value, further, the correction coefficient can be obtained through multiple experiments During the fertilization process, the fertilizer motor 2 can rotate at any speed, because the fertilizer will not cause a large impact on the pH of the soil, and the rotation of the fertilizer motor 2 can also drive the third spiral blade rod 52 in the mixing bin 4 to rotate, so that the fertilizer and the modifier can be mixed, and the mixed fertilizer can be applied to the soil, when the modifier is not needed, the fertilizer motor 2 can apply the fertilizer alone. The fertilizer and the modifier will be mixed in the mixing bin 4, and after mixing, they will be transported into the fertilization cylinder 51, and finally discharged from the fertilization through hole 54 of the fertilization cylinder 51. Since the furrow opener 9 is arranged at the front side of the fertilization cylinder 51, the mixed fertilizer will be added to the deep soil, so as to improve the acidic soil.

[0021] The above is only an embodiment of the present application, and the specific technical solutions or characteristics known in the scheme are not described in detail. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solutions of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application, which will not affect the effect and practicality of the patent. The protection scope claimed in this application should be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation mode and the like in the description can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A sugarcane fertilization device suitable for acidic soil, characterized in that: The system includes a base plate (1), on which a traveling wheel (11) is connected. A housing (12) is connected to the top of the base plate (1), and a handle (13) is connected to the housing (12). The base plate (1) is connected to a fertilizer motor (2), an amelior motor (3), a fertilizer bin (21), an amelior bin (31), a mixing bin (4), and a fertilizer block (5). The fertilizer motor (2) is coaxially connected to a first helical blade rod (22), and the amelior motor (3) is coaxially connected to a second helical blade rod (32). The first helical blade rod (22) is located in the fertilizer bin (21). 1) Inside, the first helical blade rod (22) located outside the fertilizer bin (21) is connected to a first gear (23). The second helical blade rod (32) is located inside the amendment bin (31). Both the fertilizer bin (21) and the amendment bin (31) are connected to the mixing bin (4). A third helical blade rod (41) is provided inside the mixing bin (4). One end of the third helical blade rod (41) extends to the outside of the mixing bin (4) and is connected to a second gear (42). The first gear (23) and the second gear (42) mesh with each other. The third helical blade rod (22) is connected to the second gear (42). The other end of the blade rod (42) passes through the fertilizer block (5) and is connected to the first bevel gear (43). Fertilizer cylinders (51) are connected to both sides of the fertilizer block (5). The fertilizer cylinders (51) on both sides are connected to the mixing chamber (4). A fourth spiral blade rod (52) is rotatably connected inside the fertilizer cylinder (51). One end of the fourth spiral blade rod (52) passes through the fertilizer block (5) and is connected to the second bevel gear (53). The second bevel gear (53) meshes with the first bevel gear (43). Several fertilizer through holes are arranged in an array at the bottom of the side wall of the fertilizer cylinder (51). (54) The top of the fertilizer bin (21) is connected to the fertilizer feed bin (24), and the top of the improver bin (31) is connected to the improver feed bin (33). Both the fertilizer feed bin (24) and the improver feed bin (33) are equipped with electrically controlled valves (6). The electrically controlled valves (6) are used to control the opening and closing of the fertilizer feed bin (24) and the improver feed bin (33). The housing (12) is connected to the main control board (7). The main control board (7) is used to control the speed of the fertilizer motor (2) and the improver motor (3) and the opening and closing of the electrically controlled valves (6).

2. The sugarcane fertilization device suitable for acidic soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate (1) is connected to a power motor (8), and the output shaft of the power motor (8) is connected to a power wheel (81). The power wheel (81) is driven by a belt to the rotating shaft of the walking wheel (11).

3. The sugarcane fertilization device suitable for acidic soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the base plate (1) is arranged with several furrow openers (9), and the total width of the furrow openers (9) is the same as the width of the fertilizer cylinders (51) on both sides.

4. The method of using a sugarcane fertilization device suitable for acidic soil according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The soil pH is monitored in real time using an existing pH sensor (value 'a'). The desired soil pH is set to 'b'. The neutralization coefficient of the amendment used in the amendment tank is 'c'. The volume of the amendment tank is V1. Then, the amendment demand rate 'd' is... After calculating the modifier requirement, the modifier motor speed is: .

5. The method of using the sugarcane fertilization device suitable for acidic soil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The speed of the modified motor is ,in The discharge efficiency calibration coefficient is used to improve the discharge efficiency of the motor. The discharge efficiency calibration coefficient is determined by on-site calibration experiments.

Images