A device for keyway broaching on a lathe

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a device for pulling key grooves on a lathe, comprising a first fixing mechanism, which comprises a fixing assembly on the workbench of the lathe, used for fixing the parts to be machined; a second fixing mechanism is movably connected to the workbench, used for supporting the middle position of the parts to be machined; a machining mechanism comprises a machining seat movably connected to the workbench, the machining seat is provided with a lifting seat, the lifting seat is provided with a lifting platform which is lifted and lowered, the lifting platform is provided with a machining assembly for pulling key grooves, and the machining assembly is in transmission connection with the lifting seat; a spraying mechanism is arranged on the workbench below the machining assembly, used for providing machining liquid for the work of the machining assembly. The present application has the advantages of compact structure, convenient use, increased fixing firmness of the workpiece, flexible adjustment of the position of the machining assembly, adaptation to machining of parts of different sizes, optimization of the machining process, and improvement of the machining quality and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a device for drawing keyways on a lathe. Background Technology

[0002] In mechanical manufacturing, keyways are crucial structural elements for the mating of shafts and hubs, used to transmit torque. Traditional keyway machining methods mainly include milling and broaching. Milling requires specialized milling machines and cannot be used on general-purpose lathes, resulting in high equipment costs. Furthermore, for some large shaft parts, handling and clamping are difficult. While broaching can be performed on ordinary lathes, the cutting speed of the broaching tool is low, leading to low machining efficiency. Moreover, vibrations are easily generated during broaching, affecting the machining accuracy and surface quality of the keyway.

[0003] Currently, the equipment has poor versatility, only applicable to the processing of shaft parts of specific specifications. It struggles to flexibly adjust processing height and specifications according to parts of different sizes, failing to meet diverse production needs and limiting its applicability. This forces companies to equip themselves with multiple processing machines of different specifications when facing diverse part processing requirements, increasing production costs and equipment footprint. Furthermore, regarding part fixation, it typically relies solely on the lathe's own fixing mechanism. When encountering long parts or high processing forces, the parts are prone to shaking and deformation, leading to instability during processing. This results in inconsistent keyway dimensional accuracy, causing problems such as uneven keyway width and depth, severely impacting part assembly and use, and reducing overall product quality.

[0004] Therefore, developing a device for keyway drawing on a lathe that is simple in structure, easy to operate, and highly versatile is of great practical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for drawing keyways on a lathe, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides an apparatus for drawing keyways on a lathe, comprising:

[0007] A first fixing mechanism is provided on the worktable of the lathe for fixing the part to be processed;

[0008] The second fixing mechanism is movably connected to the worktable and is used to support the middle position of the part to be processed.

[0009] The machining mechanism comprises a machining seat movably connected to the workbench, a lifting seat arranged on the machining seat, a lifting platform arranged on the lifting seat and lifting up and down, and a machining assembly for pulling a key groove arranged on the lifting platform and in transmission connection with the lifting seat;

[0010] The spraying mechanism is arranged on the workbench and below the machining assembly to provide machining liquid for the work of the machining assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the machining assembly comprises a driving module arranged on the lifting platform, one output end of the driving module is in transmission connection with a machining rod telescopically sliding on the lifting seat, the machining rod extends out of the lifting seat and is provided with a machining cutter for pulling a key groove, and the other output end of the driving module is in transmission connection with a lifting module, and the lifting module drives the lifting platform to move up and down on the lifting seat.

[0012] Preferably, the driving module comprises a driving motor fixedly arranged on the lifting seat, an output end of the driving motor is in transmission connection with a driving wheel, the driving wheel is in transmission connection with a first transmission rod through a first transmission column, the first transmission rod extends out of the driving wheel and is connected with the machining rod, and the machining rod is driven to reciprocatingly telescopically extend and retract through the rotation of the driving wheel.

[0013] Preferably, the driving wheel is provided with an adjusting groove arranged along a radius direction, the first transmission column is slidingly connected in the adjusting groove and can be locked in position in the adjusting groove.

[0014] Preferably, the lifting module comprises a driving rod rotatably connected in an inner cavity of the lifting seat and in transmission connection with the driving motor, the driving rod is in transmission connection with a plurality of lifting rods rotatably connected in the inner cavity of the lifting seat, the lifting rods extend into the lifting platform and are in threaded connection with the lifting platform, and the lifting platform is driven to move up and down in the lifting seat.

[0015] Preferably, a prism-shaped transmission cavity is arranged in the driving rod, a second transmission rod is longitudinally slidingly arranged in the transmission cavity, the second transmission rod extends out of the transmission cavity and is in transmission connection with an output end of the driving motor, and the transmission between the driving motor and the driving rod is maintained when the lifting platform moves up and down.

[0016] Preferably, a driving gear is sleeved and fixed on the driving rod, the driving gear is in meshing transmission with a plurality of intermediate gears arranged at equal intervals, and the intermediate gears are in meshing transmission with a driven gear fixed on a bottom end of the lifting rod.

[0017] Preferably, the second fixing mechanism comprises a movable seat slidably connected to the workbench, a plurality of fixing rings coaxially arranged on the movable seat, a plurality of fixing rods movably arranged on the fixing rings at equal intervals in the axial direction, and a fixing block arranged at one end of the fixing rod in the fixing ring and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the part to be machined.

[0018] Preferably, a plurality of clamping teeth are rotatably connected to the side of the fixing block facing the part to be machined, and the clamping teeth abut against the outer wall of the part to be machined.

[0019] Preferably, the spraying mechanism comprises a liquid collecting box arranged on the workbench, and a circulating module arranged in the liquid collecting box and used for circulating the machining liquid, the circulating module sprays the machining liquid in the liquid collecting box to the machining position of the machining tool and then returns the machining liquid to the liquid collecting box.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the device has the following advantages and technical effects: the device for pulling a key groove on a lathe is disclosed, a first fixing mechanism is arranged on the workbench of the lathe and is replaced by the three-jaw chuck of the lathe, and the first fixing mechanism is used to fix the part to be machined and provide stable initial positioning for machining of the part; a second fixing mechanism is movably connected to the workbench and supports the middle part of the part to be machined, thereby enhancing the stability of the part during machining and preventing deformation or shaking of the part caused by machining force; the part to be machined is fixed by the first fixing mechanism, and the second fixing mechanism supports the middle part of the part, so that the double fixing mode keeps the part highly stable during machining, effectively reduces machining errors caused by shaking of the part, and improves the machining precision of the key groove; the machining seat of a machining mechanism is movably connected to the workbench and serves as the basic support part of the whole machining mechanism; the lifting seat is arranged to ascend and descend relative to the lifting platform, the machining height of the machining assembly can be flexibly adjusted, and the machining requirements of different sizes of parts can be met; the machining assembly is in transmission connection with the lifting seat, the reciprocating movement of the machining assembly and the lifting movement of the lifting seat are realized, the machining operation of pulling the key groove is completed, the height can be flexibly adjusted according to different sizes of the part to be machined, the adaptability of the device to different specifications of parts is greatly enhanced, and the application range of the device is expanded. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below only show some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a shaft view of the device for pulling the key groove on the lathe of the present application.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a side view of the structure of the fixed ring of the present application.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a top view of the structure of the fixed ring of the present application.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structure diagram of the fixed block of the present application.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structure diagram of the machining mechanism of the present application.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a partial enlarged view of A in the present application. Figure 5

[0028] Figure 7 It is a structure diagram of the first transmission rod of the present application.

[0029] Figure 8 It is a structure diagram of the driving gear of the present application.

[0030] In the drawings: 1, workbench; 2, first fixing mechanism; 3, second fixing mechanism; 4, machining mechanism; 5, spraying mechanism; 21, fixed seat; 22, three-jaw chuck; 31, movable seat; 32, fixed ring; 33, fixed rod; 34, fixed block; 35, clamping tooth; 36, clamping gear; 37, clamping sleeve; 38, clamping screw; 39, first fixing bolt; 41, machining seat; 42, lifting seat; 43, lifting platform; 44, machining rod; 45, machining tool; 46, driving motor; 47, driving wheel; 48, first transmission rod; 49, adjusting groove; 410, first transmission column; 411, second transmission column; 412, driving rod; 413, lifting rod; 414, positioning seat; 415, transmission cavity; 416, second transmission rod; 417, driving gear; 418, intermediate gear; 419, driven gear; 420, second fixing bolt; 51, liquid collecting box; 52, circulating module; 53, sliding guide rail; 54, liquid collecting groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] ​With reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0032] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] Referring to Figures 1 to 7 The present embodiment provides a device for pulling key grooves on a lathe, which comprises:

[0034] A first fixing mechanism 2 is arranged on a workbench 1 of the lathe and used for fixing a part to be machined;

[0035] A second fixing mechanism 3 is movably connected to the workbench 1 and used for supporting a middle position of the part to be machined;

[0036] A machining mechanism 4 comprises a machining seat 41 movably connected to the workbench 1, a lifting seat 42 arranged on the machining seat 41, a lifting table 43 arranged on the lifting seat 42 in a lifting manner, a machining assembly arranged on the lifting table 43 and used for pulling key grooves, and the machining assembly is in transmission connection with the lifting seat 42;

[0037] A spraying mechanism 5 is arranged on the workbench 1 and below the machining assembly, and is used for providing machining liquid for the work of the machining assembly.

[0038] The application discloses a device for pulling key grooves on a lathe, a first fixing mechanism 2 is arranged on a lathe workbench 1 and is replaced by a three-jaw chuck 22 of the lathe, and the first fixing mechanism 2 is used for fixing a part to be machined and provides stable initial positioning for machining of the part; a second fixing mechanism 3 is movably connected to the workbench 1 and supports a middle position of the part to be machined, so that the stability of the part during machining is enhanced, and deformation or shaking of the part caused by machining force is prevented; the part to be machined is fixed by the first fixing mechanism 2, and the second fixing mechanism 3 supports the middle part, so that the double fixing mode makes the part highly stable during machining, machining errors caused by shaking of the part are effectively reduced, and the machining precision of the key groove is improved. A machining seat 41 of a machining mechanism 4 is movably connected to the workbench 1 and serves as a basic support part of the whole machining mechanism 4; a lifting platform 43 is arranged on a lifting seat 42 in a lifting mode, the machining height of a machining assembly can be flexibly adjusted, so that the machining requirements of parts of different sizes can be met; the machining assembly is in transmission connection with the lifting seat 42, so that reciprocating movement of the machining assembly and lifting movement of the lifting seat 42 are realized, the machining operation of pulling the key groove is completed, the height can be flexibly adjusted according to parts to be machined of different sizes, the adaptability of the device to parts of different specifications is greatly enhanced, and the application range of the device is expanded. A spraying mechanism 5 is installed on the workbench 1 and located below the machining assembly, provides machining liquid for work of the machining assembly, and plays the roles of cooling, lubricating and cleaning during machining, so that the machining area can be cooled in time, the temperature of the cutter and the part is reduced, the influence of thermal deformation on machining precision is reduced, the lubricating effect is achieved, the friction between the cutter and the part is reduced, the service life of the cutter is prolonged, the cutting chips generated during machining can be cleaned, the machining environment is kept clean, and the machining quality and efficiency are further improved.

[0039] In one embodiment of the application, the first fixing mechanism 2 is played by the original part of the machine tool, and the three-jaw chuck 22 is installed on the workbench 1 through the fixing seat 21, and the end of the part to be machined is fixed through the three-jaw chuck 22.

[0040] Further optimization scheme, the machining assembly includes a driving module arranged on the lifting platform 43, one output end of the driving module is in transmission connection with a machining rod 44 which is telescopically slid on the lifting seat 42, the machining rod 44 extends out of the lifting seat 42 and is provided with a machining cutter 45 for pulling the key groove; the other output end of the driving module is in transmission connection with a lifting module, and the lifting module drives the lifting platform 43 to move up and down on the lifting seat 42. The driving module controls the machining rod 44 and the lifting module respectively, realizes the telescopic movement of the machining cutter 45 and the lifting movement of the lifting platform 43, so that the machining cutter 45 can accurately reach the machining position and pull the key groove, and the flexibility and accuracy of machining are improved.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present application, a clutch device for controlling transmission is arranged between the driving module and the machining rod 44 and the lifting module, the clutch device adopts the prior art, and the working of the pull-key groove of the machining rod 44 and the lifting movement of the lifting seat 42 can be controlled respectively, and the control is more flexible and convenient.

[0042] In a further optimization scheme, the driving module comprises a driving motor 46 fixedly installed on the lifting seat 42, the output end of the driving motor 46 is in transmission connection with a driving wheel 47, the first transmission rod 48 is in transmission connection with the driving wheel 47 through a first transmission column 410, the first transmission rod 48 extends out of the driving wheel 47 and is connected with the machining rod 44, and the machining rod 44 is driven to reciprocate by the rotation of the driving wheel 47. The driving motor 46 drives the driving wheel 47 to rotate, the first transmission rod 48 is in transmission connection with the driving wheel 47 through the first transmission column 410, and the rotary motion is converted into the reciprocating motion of the machining rod 44, so that the machining rod 44 is driven to reciprocate, and further, stable cutting power is provided for the machining cutter 45 to make the pull-key groove on the part to be machined, and the structure is simple and the transmission is reliable.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present application, one end of the machining rod 44 located in the lifting platform 43 is provided with a second transmission column 411, and the end of the first transmission rod 48 is sleeved on the second transmission column 411 and is in rotary connection with the second transmission column 411, so that the transmission of the reciprocating motion of the machining rod 44 is realized.

[0044] In a further optimization scheme, the driving wheel 47 is provided with an adjusting groove 49 arranged in the radial direction, the first transmission column 410 is in sliding connection in the adjusting groove 49 and can be locked in a position in the adjusting groove 49. By adjusting the position of the first transmission column 410 in the adjusting groove 49 and locking, the extension stroke of the first transmission rod 48 can be changed, and further, the extension range of the machining rod 44 can be adjusted, so that the machining requirement of the key groove of different lengths is adapted, and the universality and machining adaptability of the device are improved.

[0045] In a further optimization scheme, the lifting module comprises a driving rod 412 in rotary connection with the inner cavity of the lifting seat 42 and in transmission connection with the driving motor 46, the driving rod 412 is in transmission connection with a plurality of lifting rods 413 in rotary connection with the inner cavity of the lifting seat 42, the lifting rods 413 extend into the lifting platform 43 and are in threaded connection with the lifting platform 43, and the lifting platform 43 is driven to lift in the lifting seat 42. The driving motor 46 drives the driving rod 412 to rotate, the driving rod 412 drives the lifting rods 413 to rotate, and since the lifting rods 413 are in threaded connection with the lifting platform 43, the lifting movement of the lifting platform 43 is realized, the machining assembly is accurately ensured to reach the appropriate height for machining, and further, the depth of the key groove is controlled by the controllable descent of the lifting platform 43 during the pull-key groove process.

[0046] Further optimization scheme, the driving rod 412 is provided with a prism-shaped transmission cavity 415, and the second transmission rod 416 is longitudinally slid in the transmission cavity 415; the second transmission rod 416 extends out of the transmission cavity 415 and is in transmission connection with the output end of the driving motor 46, so that the driving motor 46 and the driving rod 412 are in transmission when the lifting platform 43 is lifted and lowered. During the lifting of the lifting platform 43, the driving motor 46 is lifted together, and the distance between the driving motor 46 and the driving rod 412 changes, while the second transmission rod 416 is longitudinally slid in the transmission cavity 415, and is always in transmission connection with the output end of the driving motor 46, so that the driving motor 46 can continuously provide power for the driving rod 412, and the lifting process of the lifting platform 43 is stable and reliable, and the transmission is not affected by the position change of the lifting platform 43.

[0047] Further optimization scheme, the driving rod 412 is provided with a prism-shaped transmission cavity 415, and the second transmission rod 416 is longitudinally slid in the transmission cavity 415; the second transmission rod 416 extends out of the transmission cavity 415 and is in transmission connection with the output end of the driving motor 46, so that the driving motor 46 and the driving rod 412 are in transmission when the lifting platform 43 is lifted and lowered. During the lifting of the lifting platform 43, the driving motor 46 is lifted together, and the distance between the driving motor 46 and the driving rod 412 changes, while the second transmission rod 416 is longitudinally slid in the transmission cavity 415, and is always in transmission connection with the output end of the driving motor 46, so that the driving motor 46 can continuously provide power for the driving rod 412, and the lifting process of the lifting platform 43 is stable and reliable, and the transmission is not affected by the position change of the lifting platform 43.

[0048] In an embodiment of the application, the transmission form of the driving gear 417 and the intermediate gear 418 is shown in the accompanying drawings Figure 8 It is not all provided with teeth, but only one intermediate gear 418 can be driven at a specific position, and then the synchronously driven intermediate gears 418 are rotated, the lifting platform 43 is lowered after completing the reciprocation of the machining tool 45, and the deepening of the key groove is completed.

[0049] In an embodiment of the application, the inner cavity of the lifting seat 42 is provided with a positioning seat 414, and the lifting rod 413 passes through the positioning seat 414 and is fixed, and simultaneously serves as the bottom limit of the lifting platform 43.

[0050] Further optimization scheme, the second fixing mechanism 3 includes a movable seat 31 slidably connected to the workbench 1, a plurality of fixing rings 32 coaxially arranged with the first fixing mechanism 2 are arranged on the movable seat 31, a plurality of fixing rods 33 are movably arranged on the fixing rings 32 at equal intervals in the axial direction, a fixing block 34 is arranged at one end of the fixing rod 33 in the fixing ring 32, and the fixing block 34 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the part to be machined. The movable seat 31 can slide, so that the position of the second fixing mechanism 3 can be adjusted to adapt to parts of different lengths; the fixing rings 32 and the fixing rods 33 can be designed to adjust the fixing position according to the diameter of the part to be machined, the fixing block 34 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the part, can effectively support the middle part of the part, enhance the stability of the part during machining, and improve the machining precision.

[0051] Further optimization scheme, the side of the fixing block 34 facing the part to be machined is rotatably connected with a plurality of clamping teeth 35 arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the clamping teeth 35 abut against the outer wall of the part to be machined. The clamping teeth 35 are rotatably connected to the fixing block 34, can better fit the outer wall of the part, increase the contact area and friction force with the part, improve the fixing effect, further prevent the part from shaking during machining, and especially for parts with irregular surfaces, better fixing can also be achieved, and the machining quality is improved.

[0052] In one embodiment of the application, a clamping gear 36 is rotatably connected in the fixing ring 32, teeth are arranged on both sides of the clamping gear 36, one side is threadedly connected with a clamping screw 38 rotatably connected to the fixing ring 32, the clamping screw 38 can be rotated by a tool, thereby driving the clamping gear 36 to rotate; the other side of the clamping gear 36 is in meshing transmission with a clamping sleeve 37 rotatably connected in the fixing ring 32, and the fixing rod 33 passes through the clamping sleeve 37 and is threadedly connected with the clamping sleeve 37, when the clamping gear 36 rotates, the clamping sleeve 37 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the fixing rod 33 to stretch and contract in the radial direction of the fixing ring 32, and different parts to be machined are clamped.

[0053] Further optimization scheme, the spraying mechanism 5 includes a liquid collecting box 51 arranged on the workbench 1, a circulating module 52 for circulating machining liquid is arranged in the liquid collecting box 51, the machining liquid in the liquid collecting box 51 is sprayed to the machining position of the machining tool 45, and then flows back to the liquid collecting box 51. The liquid collecting box 51 is arranged on the workbench 1 to collect the machining liquid overflowing during machining, and the circulating module 52 realizes recycling of the machining liquid, which can not only ensure that the machining tool 45 is continuously provided with machining liquid during machining to play a cooling, lubricating and cleaning role, but also can save machining liquid, reduce machining cost, and reduce pollution to the environment.

[0054] In one embodiment of the application, a liquid collecting groove 54 is arranged at one end of the liquid collecting box 51 away from the workbench 1, for collecting and processing the machining liquid, which belongs to the prior art and will not be described here.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present application, the collecting box 51 is provided with a sliding guide rail 53, the machining seat 41 and the movable seat 31 are respectively slid on the sliding guide rail 53, the machining seat 41 is locked in position by the second fixing bolt 420 after being adjusted to the position, and the movable seat 31 is locked and fixed by the first fixing bolt 39 after being moved to the position.

[0056] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0057] The above-described embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the present application made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present application shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for drawing keyways on a lathe, characterized in that, include: The first fixing mechanism (2) is set on the lathe worktable (1) for fixing the workpiece to be processed; The second fixing mechanism (3) is movably connected to the worktable (1) and is used to support the middle position of the part to be processed; The machining mechanism (4) includes a machining base (41) movably connected to the worktable (1), a lifting seat (42) provided on the machining base (41), a lifting platform (43) provided on the lifting seat (42), a machining component for drawing keyways provided on the lifting platform (43), and the machining component being drivenly connected to the lifting seat (42); the machining component includes a drive module provided on the lifting platform (43), one output end of the drive module being drivenly connected to a machining rod (44) that slides telescopically on the lifting seat (42), the machining rod (44) extending out of the lifting seat (42) and equipped with a tool for drawing keyways. The machining tool (45); another output end of the drive module is connected to a lifting module, which drives the lifting platform (43) to move up and down on the lifting seat (42); the drive module includes a drive motor (46) fixedly installed on the lifting seat (42), the output end of the drive motor (46) is connected to a drive wheel (47), and a first transmission rod (48) is connected to the drive wheel (47) through a first transmission column (410). The first transmission rod (48) extends out of the drive wheel (47) and is connected to the machining rod (44). The rotation of the drive wheel (47) drives the machining rod (44) to reciprocate and extend; A spraying mechanism (5) is provided on the workbench (1) and located below the processing assembly, for providing processing fluid for the operation of the processing assembly.

2. The apparatus for drawing keyways on a lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive wheel (47) has an adjustment groove (49) arranged in the radial direction. The first transmission column (410) is slidably connected in the adjustment groove (49) and can be locked in the adjustment groove (49).

3. The apparatus for drawing keyways on a lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting module includes a drive rod (412) rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the lifting seat (42) and driven by the drive motor (46). The drive rod (412) is driven by a plurality of lifting rods (413) rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the lifting seat (42). The lifting rods (413) extend into the lifting platform (43) and are threadedly connected to the lifting platform (43), driving the lifting platform (43) to move up and down within the lifting seat (42).

4. The apparatus for drawing keyways on a lathe according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive rod (412) has a prism-shaped transmission cavity (415) inside. A second transmission rod (416) slides longitudinally inside the transmission cavity (415). The second transmission rod (416) extends out of the transmission cavity (415) and is connected to the output end of the drive motor (46) for transmission. When the lifting platform (43) moves up and down, it maintains the transmission between the drive motor (46) and the drive rod (412).

5. The apparatus for drawing keyways on a lathe according to claim 3, characterized in that: A drive gear (417) is fixedly mounted on the drive rod (412). The drive gear (417) meshes with several intermediate gears (418) arranged at equal intervals. The intermediate gears (418) mesh with the driven gear (419) fixedly mounted at the bottom of the lifting rod (413).

6. The apparatus for drawing keyways on a lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second fixing mechanism (3) includes a movable seat (31) slidably connected to the worktable (1). The movable seat (31) is provided with a plurality of fixing rings (32) coaxially arranged with the first fixing mechanism (2). A plurality of fixing rods (33) are axially and equidistantly arranged on the fixing rings (32). A fixing block (34) is provided at one end of the fixing rod (33) located inside the fixing ring (32). The fixing block (34) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the part to be processed.

7. The apparatus for drawing keyways on a lathe according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixing block (34) is rotatably connected to a number of circumferentially spaced clamping teeth (35) on the side facing the part to be processed, and the clamping teeth (35) abut against the outer wall of the part to be processed.

8. The apparatus for drawing keyways on a lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying mechanism (5) includes a liquid collection box (51) disposed on the worktable (1). The liquid collection box (51) is provided with a circulation module (52) for circulating the processing fluid. The circulation module (52) sprays the processing fluid in the liquid collection box (51) onto the processing position of the processing tool (45) and then returns it to the liquid collection box (51).

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