Horizontal centrifugal pump impeller device
By setting an adjustment mechanism in the impeller device of the horizontal centrifugal pump, the contact area between the blades and the water flow can be dynamically adjusted, which solves the problem of low energy conversion efficiency caused by a fixed contact area between the blades and the water flow. This achieves efficient drainage and energy efficiency optimization, and enhances the adaptability and lifespan of the equipment under multiple operating conditions.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511675495.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-16
AI Technical Summary
The impeller blades of existing horizontal centrifugal pumps cannot be adjusted according to the rotational speed. As the impeller speed increases, the amount of water pumped into the casing increases. With a fixed contact area between the blades and the water flow, the blades cannot fully accelerate the water flow, resulting in reduced energy conversion efficiency. A large amount of kinetic energy is not effectively transferred to the casing. The increased water volume and the fixed contact area between the blades and the water flow mean that the water flow cannot be fully accelerated by the blades, leading to a decrease in pump output flow and energy consumption ratio, and an increase in operating costs.
A horizontal centrifugal pump impeller device is designed. By setting an adjustment mechanism on the blade body, centrifugal force is used to make the blade expand the contact range outward when rotating at high speed and shrink the contact area inward when rotating at low speed. The contact area between the blade and the water flow is dynamically adjusted to match the change of rotation speed and achieve efficient drainage.
By dynamically adjusting the contact area between the blades and the water flow, the drainage speed and energy efficiency are improved, the adaptability to multiple operating conditions is enhanced, and the equipment life is extended.
Smart Images
Figure CN121139482A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of centrifugal pump, in particular to a horizontal centrifugal pump impeller device. BACKGROUND
[0002] Horizontal centrifugal pump belongs to traditional pump product, and is a pump with the largest application amount in the market. Due to the structural limitation, the front cover plate area of the matching impeller of the horizontal centrifugal pump is smaller than the rear cover plate area, and the front cover plate of the impeller bears the positive pressure under the action of the inlet medium pressure, thereby generating a corresponding amount of positive axial force, and the direction of the axial force points to the impeller inlet along the pump shaft. Since the existing centrifugal pump impeller blades are in a fixed state, they cannot be adjusted according to the rotation speed of the pump body shaft, so when the rotation speed of the impeller increases, the amount of water drawn into the shell increases, the contact area between the blades and the water flow is fixed, the rotation speed of the impeller increases, the water flow increases, but the contact area between the fixed blades and the water flow does not change, the water flow cannot be fully affected by the blades to accelerate, the energy conversion efficiency is reduced, a large amount of kinetic energy is not effectively transmitted to the water flow, and the pump output flow and energy consumption ratio decrease, and the operation cost increases. SUMMARY
[0003] The present application provides a horizontal centrifugal pump impeller device, when the blade body rotates at high speed, the blade body extends outward to increase the contact area, increases the water discharge per unit time, and improves the water discharge speed; when the rotation speed decreases, the blade body retracts to reduce the contact area, so that the water flow and the impeller movement are matched, thereby solving the problems raised in the background art, that is: To achieve the above purpose, the horizontal centrifugal pump impeller device comprises a pump shell, a water inlet flange, a water outlet flange and an impeller mechanism arranged in the pump shell, the impeller mechanism comprises an impeller inner plate, a blade body and an impeller outer plate fixedly connected with the impeller inner plate, the middle part of the impeller inner plate is fixedly connected with an inner cylinder, the end part of the blade body penetrates into the inner cylinder, the other end is away from the axis of the inner cylinder, and the blade body and the inner cylinder are movably arranged, and the inner cylinder is elastically provided with an adjusting mechanism inside, when the blade body rotates at high speed, the centrifugal force is used to throw the blade body outward, so that the contact area between the blade body and the liquid increases, and the adjusting mechanism is used to limit the excessive movement of the blade body, when the blade body rotates at low speed, the adjusting mechanism overcomes the centrifugal force to pull the blade body inward, so as to reduce the contact between the blade body and the liquid.
[0004] There is a cavity accommodating the inner cylinder and the blade body between the impeller inner plate and the inner cylinder, and the distance between the impeller inner plate and the impeller outer plate is the same as the width of the blade body.
[0005] The middle part of the impeller outer plate has a water inlet communicated with the water inlet flange, and a water flow channel for the flow of liquid is formed between the water inlet and the inner cylinder.
[0006] The inner cylinder corresponding to each blade body is provided with a guide groove in sliding connection with the blade body.
[0007] The guide groove is matched with the blade body and is used for limiting rotation of the blade body.
[0008] The adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting plate movably arranged in the inner cylinder, wherein a tension spring is elastically fixedly connected between the adjusting plate and the inner wall of the inner cylinder, the tension spring is in a contracted state in a normal state, and an inner groove is formed on the side of the adjusting plate away from the tension spring. When the sum of the components is greater than the elastic tension of the tension spring on the adjusting plate, the position of the blade body remains unchanged in the horizontal direction, the guide block exerts pressure on the inner groove under the action of the guide block, and the adjusting plate drives the tension spring to stretch in the horizontal direction, and the blade body extends outward, thereby increasing the contact area of the blade body and the water flow, more blade bodies are immersed in the water flow, the interaction range of the water flow and the blade body is directly expanded, the contact area is increased, more water bodies can be pushed in a unit of time, the drainage speed is increased, and the drainage effect is improved. Conversely, when the rotating speed of the blade body is reduced, the components in the horizontal direction are difficult to overcome the tension of the tension spring on the adjusting plate, and therefore the tension spring moves the adjusting plate in the reverse direction under the action of the elastic tension of the tension spring, in this process, the inner groove exerts pressure on the guide block, and the blade body is driven to retract in the direction of the axis of the inner cylinder, thereby reducing the contact area of the blade body and the water flow, that is, the contact area is actively reduced, the relative motion of the water flow and the blade body is matched, and energy waste caused by excessive speed difference is avoided.
[0009] In addition, in order not to affect the horizontal movement of the adjusting plate, a notch is formed in the blade body on the side of the guide block, the top end of the notch is beyond the outer edge of the inner cylinder, when the adjusting plate moves to the blade body in a horizontal manner, the adjusting plate approaches the blade body, and the notch is used for receiving the horizontally moving inner cylinder, so as to leave enough space for the adjusting plate and avoid the blade body from hindering the adjusting plate.
[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: When the blade body rotates at a high speed, the blade body extends outward to expand the contact range, increase the drainage amount per unit of time, and improve the drainage speed; when the rotating speed is reduced, the blade body retracts to reduce the contact area, so that the water flow and the impeller motion are matched, thereby realizing efficient drainage by dynamically adjusting the contact area of the blade body and the water flow, avoiding energy waste, enhancing the adaptability of multiple working conditions, optimizing the energy efficiency, and prolonging the service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pump casing of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the impeller outer plate of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the inner cylinder and blade body of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the inner cylinder of the present invention (cut cross-section). Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram at point A in the diagram.
[0012] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 100. Pump casing; 101. Inlet flange; 102. Drain flange; 110. Impeller inner plate; 111. Blade body; 112. Impeller outer plate; 113. Inlet; 114. Water flow channel; 115. Guide plate; 116. Guide groove; 117. Notch; 120. Inner cylinder; 121. Tension spring; 130. Adjustment mechanism; 131. Adjustment plate; 132. Inner groove; 133. Guide block. Detailed Implementation
[0013] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0014] Because the impeller blades of existing centrifugal pumps are fixed, they cannot be adjusted according to the rotation speed of the pump shaft. As a result, when the impeller rotation speed increases, the amount of water pumped into the casing increases. The contact area between the blades and the water flow is fixed. The increase in impeller speed leads to an increase in the inflow of water, but the contact area between the fixed blades and the water flow remains unchanged. The water flow cannot be fully accelerated by the blades, the energy conversion efficiency decreases, and a large amount of kinetic energy is not effectively transferred to the water flow. This results in a decrease in the pump output flow rate and energy consumption ratio, and an increase in operating costs.
[0015] Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a horizontal centrifugal pump impeller device, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 1-3As shown, the pump includes a pump casing 100, an inlet flange 101, a drain flange 102, and an impeller mechanism disposed inside the pump casing 100. The impeller mechanism includes an inner impeller plate 110, blade bodies 111, and an outer impeller plate 112 fixedly connected to the inner impeller plate 110. An inner cylinder 120 is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner impeller plate 110. Several blade bodies 111 have their ends inserted into the inner cylinder 120, and their other ends are away from the axis of the inner cylinder 120. The blade bodies 111 are movably disposed from the inner cylinder 120. There is a cavity between the inner impeller plate 110 and the inner cylinder 120 to accommodate the inner cylinder 120 and several blade bodies 111. The distance between the inner impeller plate 110 and the outer impeller plate 112 is the same as the width of the blade bodies 111. On the other hand, the outer impeller plate 112 has an inlet 113 in the middle that communicates with the inlet flange 101. A water flow channel 114 for liquid flow is formed between the inlet 113 and the inner cylinder 120. Therefore, when the impeller inner plate 110 rotates driven by the rotating shaft, the liquid immerses the blade body 111. As the blade body 111 rotates, the water flow between the blades is thrown out, causing a sharp drop in pressure at the center of the inlet 113, forming a low-pressure zone close to a vacuum. According to the principle of atmospheric pressure, water from external water sources such as pools or wells is forced into the center of the inlet 113 through the inlet flange 101 under atmospheric pressure, filling the low-pressure zone. Due to the high-speed rotation of the impeller, the water flow is subjected to centrifugal force and accelerates outward along the radial direction of the blade body 111. At this time, the kinetic energy and pressure energy of the water increase simultaneously. The water flow enters the water flow channel 114 from the inlet 113, then enters the blade body 111 from the water flow channel 114, and finally exits from the drain flange 102. This process is the water inlet and drainage process.
[0016] The outward and inward movement process of the blade body 111 is as follows, combined with... Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, an adjustment mechanism 130 is elastically provided inside the inner cylinder 120. When the blade body 111 rotates at high speed, centrifugal force is used to throw several blade bodies 111 outward, increasing the contact area between the blade bodies 111 and the liquid. The adjustment mechanism 130 is used to limit excessive movement of the blade bodies 111. When the blade body 111 rotates at low speed, the adjustment mechanism 130 overcomes the centrifugal force and pulls several blade bodies 111 inward to reduce the contact area between the blade bodies 111 and the liquid. Specifically, it is shown below: First, each inner cylinder 120 corresponding to the blade body 111 is provided with a guide groove 116 that is slidably connected to the blade body 111. When the guide groove 116 interacts with the water flow, the guide groove 116 is subjected to the force of the water flow, which will create resistance to the blade body 111. The guide groove 116 matches the blade body 111 and is used to limit the rotation of the blade body 111. Second, a guide plate 115 is fixedly connected to the outside of the inner cylinder 120 corresponding to the guide groove 116 for guiding the blade body 111. Therefore, when the blade body 111 moves outward or inward, the rotation of the blade body 111 drives the water flow to move, while the guide plate 115 supports the blade body 111, improves the overall strength of the blade body 111, and guides the blade body 111 to move to the corresponding position, preventing the blade body 111 from deviating. The specific structure of the adjusting mechanism 130 is disclosed. The adjusting mechanism 130 includes an adjusting plate 131 movably disposed inside the inner cylinder 120. A tension spring 121 is elastically fixedly connected between the adjusting plate 131 and the inner wall of the inner cylinder 120. Under normal conditions, the tension spring 121 is in a contracted state. An inner groove 132 is formed on the side of the adjusting plate 131 away from the tension spring 121. Furthermore, the inner groove 132 is V-shaped, and a guide block 133 fixedly connected to the blade body 111 is slidably connected to its inner side. When the blade body 111 is rotating at high speed, due to the centrifugal force acting on the blade body 111, the blade body 111 tends to be thrown outward. At this time, the centrifugal force acting on several blade bodies 111 applies pressure to the inner wall of the inner groove 132 through the guide block 133. When the inner wall of the inner groove 132 is subjected to the pressure of the guide block 133, under the action of force decomposition, there will be a horizontal component of the pressure. This component is opposite to the direction of the elastic tension applied by the tension spring 121 to the adjusting plate 131. When the sum of the component forces is greater than the elastic tension of the tension spring 121 on the adjusting plate 131, since the position of the blade body 111 remains unchanged in the horizontal direction, under the action of the guide block 133, the guide block 133 applies pressure to the inner groove 132, which will force the adjusting plate 131 to drive the tension spring 121 to stretch in the horizontal direction. At the same time, the blade body 111 extends outward, which increases the contact area between the blade body 111 and the water flow, allowing more blade bodies 111 to be submerged in the water flow, directly expanding the interaction range between the water flow and the blade body 111. The increased contact area also means that more water can be pushed per unit time, thereby increasing the drainage speed and improving the drainage effect. Conversely, when the rotational speed of the blade body 111 decreases, the horizontal component of the force is insufficient to overcome the tension of the tension spring 121 on the adjusting plate 131. Therefore, under the elastic tension of the tension spring 121, the tension spring 121 will pull the adjusting plate 131 to move in the opposite direction. During this process, the inner groove 132 applies pressure to the guide block 133, driving the blade body 111 to retract inward toward the axis of the inner cylinder 120, reducing the contact area between the blade body 111 and the water flow. That is, actively reducing the contact area, making the relative motion between the water flow and the blade body 111 more matched, and avoiding energy waste caused by excessive speed difference.
[0017] In other words, when the blade body 111 rotates at high speed, the blade body 111 extends outward to expand the contact area, increase the drainage volume per unit time, and improve the drainage speed; when the rotation speed decreases, the blade body 111 retracts inward to reduce the contact area, so that the water flow matches the impeller movement. Thus, by dynamically adjusting the contact area between the blade body 111 and the water flow, efficient drainage is achieved, avoiding energy waste. This not only enhances adaptability to multiple working conditions, but also optimizes energy efficiency and extends the equipment life.
[0018] In addition, in order not to affect the horizontal movement of the adjusting plate 131, a notch 117 is provided on the blade body 111 on one side of the guide block 133. The top of the notch 117 extends beyond the outer edge of the inner cylinder 120. When the adjusting plate 131 moves horizontally toward the blade body 111, the adjusting plate 131 moves closer to the blade body 111, and the notch 117 is used to receive the horizontally moving inner cylinder 120, leaving enough space for the adjusting plate 131 and preventing the blade body 111 from obstructing the adjusting plate 131.
[0019] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A horizontal centrifugal pump impeller assembly, characterized in that: The pump includes a pump casing (100), an inlet flange (101), a drain flange (102), and an impeller mechanism disposed inside the pump casing (100). The impeller mechanism includes an inner impeller plate (110), a blade body (111), and an outer impeller plate (112) fixedly connected to the inner impeller plate (110). An inner cylinder (120) is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner impeller plate (110). Several blade bodies (111) have their ends inserted into the inner cylinder (120), with the other end away from the axis of the inner cylinder (120). The blade bodies (111) and the inner cylinder (102) are connected to each other. 20) Activity setting: The inner cylinder (120) is elastically provided with an adjustment mechanism (130). When the blade body (111) is running at high speed, centrifugal force is used to throw several blade bodies (111) outward, so that the contact area between the blade body (111) and the liquid is increased. The adjustment mechanism (130) is used to limit the excessive movement of the blade body (111). When the blade body (111) is running at low speed, the adjustment mechanism (130) overcomes the centrifugal force and pulls several blade bodies (111) inward to reduce the contact between the blade body (111) and the liquid.
2. The horizontal centrifugal pump impeller device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a cavity between the inner plate (110) and the inner cylinder (120) to accommodate the inner cylinder (120) and several blade bodies (111). The distance between the inner plate (110) and the outer plate (112) of the impeller is the same as the width of the blade body (111).
3. The horizontal centrifugal pump impeller device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The impeller outer plate (112) has a water inlet (113) in the middle that communicates with the water inlet flange (101), and a water flow channel (114) for liquid flow is formed between the water inlet (113) and the inner cylinder (120).
4. The horizontal centrifugal pump impeller device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each blade body (111) has a guide groove (116) on its inner cylinder (120) that is slidably connected to the blade body (111).
5. The horizontal centrifugal pump impeller device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide groove (116) matches the blade body (111) and is used to limit the rotation of the blade body (111).
6. The horizontal centrifugal pump impeller device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner cylinder (120) corresponding to the guide groove (116) is fixedly connected to a guide plate (115) for guiding the blade body (111).
7. The horizontal centrifugal pump impeller device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (130) includes an adjustment plate (131) movably disposed inside the inner cylinder (120). A tension spring (121) is elastically fixed between the adjustment plate (131) and the inner wall of the inner cylinder (120). Under normal conditions, the tension spring (121) is in a contracted state. An inner groove (132) is provided on the side of the adjustment plate (131) away from the tension spring (121).
8. The horizontal centrifugal pump impeller assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner groove (132) has an inward and outward V-shape, and its inner side is slidably connected to a guide block (133) that is fixedly connected to the blade body (111).
9. The horizontal centrifugal pump impeller device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A notch (117) is provided on the blade body (111) on one side of the guide block (133). The top of the notch (117) extends beyond the outer edge of the inner cylinder (120), and the notch (117) is used to receive the horizontally moving inner cylinder (120).