High-speed edge washout test device and test method for stabilized soil protection structure

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-speed edge washout test device and method for a solidified soil protection structure, and the device comprises a washout test system which comprises an annular water tank, a stirrer and a camera group, solidified soil and a natural soil body are symmetrically arranged at the two sides of the bottom of the annular water tank, and the stirrer is used for forming annular water flow in the annular water tank; therefore, an incident flow state interface and a back flow state interface of the solidified soil and the natural soil body are formed at the same time, and the camera group is used for shooting the incident flow state interface and the back flow state interface; the water body updating system is used for supplying water to the annular water tank, receiving the water body discharged from the annular water tank and filtering the water body; and the signal control system is used for receiving information fed back by the stirrer, the camera group and the water body updating system and controlling the stirrer and the water body updating system. The stirrer rotates to directly drive a water body, the upper limit of the flow velocity is remarkably improved, the optimized special-shaped blades improve the radial distribution uniformity of the water flow velocity, and the high-speed edge washout test requirement is met.

Description

Test apparatus and test method for high-speed edge erosion of solidified soil protective structures Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy engineering, and in particular to a test device and test method for high-speed edge scour of solidified soil protection structures. Background Technology

[0002] Localized scour is a common problem in water-related structures such as offshore wind turbine foundations and cross-sea bridge piers. This reduces the depth of the foundation piles, lowers the structural bearing capacity, and seriously jeopardizes the long-term safe operation of water-related projects. In recent years, the engineering community has proposed a remediation solution based on fluidized solidified soil to address this issue. This method involves filling the scour pit with fluidized solidified soil, which hardens to form a solidified body with a certain bonding strength, thereby achieving scour resistance.

[0003] However, in practical applications, the interface between the solidified soil structure and the original riverbed soil often becomes a weak point for scour. Edge scour is prone to occur at the interface, causing the surrounding natural soil to be eroded, which may ultimately lead to the overall failure of the protective structure. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the scour characteristics of the interface between solidified soil and natural soil to improve the reliability and applicability of solidified soil protective structures.

[0004] Most existing scour testing equipment works by raising the upstream water level to create a head difference, which in turn drives the water flow. However, the flow velocity generated by such devices is relatively low, making it difficult to simulate the high-speed water flow environment formed around structures in actual engineering projects due to localized scour. Therefore, traditional flume equipment has significant limitations in studying interfacial scour behavior under high-speed water flow and cannot meet the research needs of the scour mechanism at the interface between solidified soil protection structures and natural soil. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-speed edge erosion test device and test method for solidified soil protection structures, so as to solve the shortcomings of existing equipment in simulating high-speed flow fields and interface erosion, and improve the research capabilities and engineering adaptability of solidified soil erosion prevention technology.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, a high-speed edge erosion test device for a solidified soil protection structure is provided, comprising: an erosion test system including an annular water tank, a stirrer, and a camera group, wherein solidified soil and natural soil are axially symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom of the annular water tank, the stirrer is used to form an annular water flow in the annular water tank, thereby simultaneously forming an interface between the solidified soil and the natural soil in a forward-flowing state and an interface between the solidified soil and the natural soil in a backward-flowing state, and the camera group is used to photograph the interface between the forward-flowing state and the backward-flowing state; a water renewal system is used to supply water to the annular water tank, receive water discharged from the annular water tank, and filter it; and a signal control system is used to receive information from the stirrer, the camera group, and the water renewal system, and to control the stirrer and the water renewal system.

[0007] Furthermore, the scouring test system also includes an outer frame, the annular water tank is fixedly installed inside the outer frame, and the outer frame is fixed to the ground.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer frame includes a bottom frame, columns, and a top frame. The lower end of the column is fixedly connected to the bottom frame, and the top end of the column is detachably connected to the top frame. The upper and lower ends of the annular water tank are respectively connected to the top frame and the bottom frame through buffer pads.

[0009] Furthermore, the annular water tank is made of transparent material, and the interior of the annular water tank is divided into a coaxial outer cylinder and an inner cylinder. Both the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are provided with a top cover. The agitator is installed above the top cover of the inner cylinder, and the height of the outer cylinder is greater than the height of the inner cylinder. The solidified soil and the natural soil are arranged axially symmetrically at the bottom of the outer cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, the stirrer is an electric fan blade, including a motor, a rotating shaft and several blades. The two ends of the rotating shaft are connected to the blades and the motor respectively. The motor is connected to the signal control system. The signal control system controls the blades to rotate in the annular water tank through the motor to form an annular water flow.

[0011] Furthermore, the blades adopt an irregular structure, each blade including a constant height section and a variable height section. The two ends of the constant height section are connected to the variable height section and the rotating shaft, respectively. The lower edge of the variable height section is parabolic, and the distance between the lower edge and the sample surface gradually increases from the inner cylinder side to the outer cylinder side.

[0012] Furthermore, the camera group includes several cameras, which are arranged inside the inner cylinder and outside the outer cylinder, wherein at least two cameras are arranged on both the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, respectively aimed at the interface of the upstream state and the interface of the downstream state.

[0013] Furthermore, a turbidity meter is installed on one side of the outlet of the annular water tank to provide feedback on the turbidity of the water output from the annular water tank to the signal control system.

[0014] Furthermore, the water renewal system includes an inlet pump, an outlet pump, and a honeycomb unit. The outlet pump is used to extract water from the annular water tank, and the honeycomb unit is used to filter the water extracted by the outlet pump and fill the annular water tank with water through the inlet pump. Both the inlet pump and the outlet pump are controlled by a signal control system.

[0015] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of this application, a high-speed edge erosion test method is provided for a solidified soil protection structure of the device described in the first aspect, comprising: S1: filling a ring-shaped water tank with solidified soil and natural soil to form an axisymmetrically distributed composite sample, wherein the solidified soil and natural soil in the composite sample form an upstream interface and a downstream interface; setting several cameras inside the inner cylinder and outside the outer cylinder to focus the field of view on the two interfaces in the composite sample; S2: curing the composite sample; after the composite sample reaches the expected strength, installing the top cover of the outer cylinder, and S3: Inject water through the inlet until the entire annular water tank is filled; S4: Start the motor, and the blades rotate to form a radially uniform annular water flow on the surface of the composite sample; At the same time, start the camera to continuously acquire images and record the scouring evolution process of the interface between the solidified soil and the natural soil; The turbidity meter monitors the turbidity of the water in the annular water tank in real time, and dynamically adjusts the flow rates of the inlet and outlet pumps to ensure that the water in the annular water tank meets the turbidity requirements; S5: After the test, stop the electric fan blades and water pumps, remove the top cover, and photograph the cross-sectional morphology of the sample after scouring for subsequent analysis.

[0016] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application can include the following beneficial effects: As can be seen from the above embodiments, compared with traditional flushing test equipment driven by head difference, the present invention directly drives the water body by rotating the agitator, significantly increasing the upper limit of flow velocity and meeting the requirements of high-speed flushing tests; In view of the non-uniform defect of the annular water flow growing linearly in the radial direction, the blades are improved into irregular fan blades with parabolic lower edges, and the flow velocity of the annular water flow is more uniformly distributed in the radial direction; Through the linkage control of turbidity monitoring and water pump, the dynamic replacement of water body is realized, maintaining the clarity of water body without interrupting the flushing process, and meeting the requirements of image acquisition and subsequent data processing; The axisymmetrically distributed composite sample forms two interface structures, one facing the current and one facing the current, under the flushing of the annular water flow, and flushing data under two working conditions can be obtained in a single test, improving the test efficiency.

[0017] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a high-speed edge scouring test device for a solidified soil protection structure; Figure 2 is a front view of the annular water tank; Figure 3 is a top view of the annular water tank; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the electric fan blades; Figure 5 is a flowchart of a high-speed edge scouring test method for a solidified soil protection structure; Figure 6 is a side view of the interface of the composite sample under the upstream flow condition; Figure 7 is a side view of the interface of the composite sample under the downstream flow condition.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Annular water tank; 101. Outer cylinder; 102. Inner cylinder; 103. Top cover of outer cylinder; 104. Inlet; 105. Outlet; 201. Blade; 2011. Constant height section; 2012. Variable height section; 202. Motor; 203. Shaft; 301. Solidified soil; 302. Natural soil; 303. Interface in backflow state; 304. Interface in frontflow state; 4. Camera; 5. Turbidity meter; 6. Flow meter; 701. Bottom frame; 702. Column; 703. Top frame; 801. Buffer pad; 802. Buffer layer. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application.

[0022] The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0023] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in this application to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to determination."

[0024] This application proposes a high-speed edge scour test device for a solidified soil protection structure, as shown in Figure 1. It includes a scour test system, a signal control system, and a water renewal system. The scour test system includes at least an annular water tank 1, a stirrer, and a camera assembly. Solidified soil and natural soil are axially symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom of the annular water tank 1. The stirrer is used to form an annular water flow within the annular water tank 1, thereby simultaneously forming an interface 304 facing the current and an interface 303 facing away from the current for the solidified soil and natural soil. The camera assembly is used to photograph the interface 304 facing the current and the interface 303 facing away from the current. The water renewal system is used to supply water to the annular water tank 1, receive water discharged from the annular water tank 1, and filter it. The signal control system is used to receive information from the stirrer, the camera assembly, and the water renewal system, and to control the stirrer and the water renewal system.

[0025] In practice, the agitator stirs the water in the annular water tank 1, which will form an annular water flow in the annular water tank 1 and at the same time generate vibration in the annular water tank 1. To avoid the impact of vibration, the annular water tank 1 can be directly or indirectly fixed to the ground so that the ground can absorb the impact of vibration.

[0026] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the scouring test system also includes an outer frame, and the annular water tank 1 is fixedly installed inside the outer frame. The outer frame is fixed to the ground, thereby indirectly fixing the annular water tank 1 to the ground.

[0027] In practice, the outer frame should be made of metal with high rigidity, and its specific structure can be set according to actual needs.

[0028] In one embodiment, the outer frame may include a bottom frame 701, a column 702, and a top frame 703. An annular water tank 1 is fixedly mounted on the bottom frame 701, and the motor of the agitator is mounted on the top frame 703. For ease of installation, the lower end of the column 702 can be welded to the bottom frame 701. The top of the column 702 is threaded with a wing nut. The top frame 703 has a mounting hole through which the threaded rod of the column 702 passes. The wing nut and the threaded rod cooperate to achieve a detachable connection between the top frame 703 and the column 702. Alternatively, the column 702 can be fixedly connected to the top frame 703, and detachably connected to the bottom frame 701; or, the column 702 can be detachably connected to both the top frame 703 and the bottom frame 701.

[0029] In another embodiment, the outer frame may include a bottom mounting base and a top mounting bracket, both of which are fixed to the ground. The annular water tank 1 is fixedly installed on the bottom mounting base, and the motor of the agitator is mounted on the top mounting bracket, with the ground absorbing the vibration of the motor.

[0030] Specifically, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the annular water tank 1 is fixedly installed inside the outer frame and is made of a high-strength transparent material (such as acrylic sheet). The outer and inner walls of the annular water tank 1 form a coaxial outer cylinder 101 and inner cylinder 102. Both the outer cylinder 101 and the inner cylinder 102 are equipped with top covers. The outer cylinder top cover 103 is placed at the opening of the outer cylinder 101 by a closing method to facilitate the addition of samples to the outer cylinder 101. The inner cylinder top cover is fixedly connected to the side wall of the inner cylinder 102, thereby preventing water from entering the inner cylinder 102 during the test. A buffer pad 801 is provided between the outer cylinder top cover 103 and the top frame 703. On the one hand, the buffer pad 801 allows the outer cylinder top cover 103 to contact the top frame 703, and the top frame 703 presses the outer cylinder top cover 103 firmly at the opening of the outer cylinder 101. On the other hand, the buffer pad 801 can also play a vibration damping role. The outer cylinder 101 is used to fill the sample composed of solidified soil 301 and natural soil 302. The solidified soil 301 and natural soil 302 are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sections of the outer cylinder 101, forming a boundary structure between the two materials, namely the interface 303 in the backflow state and the interface 304 in the frontflow state, thus achieving dual-condition comparative analysis in a single test. The height of the outer cylinder 101 is greater than the height of the inner cylinder 102, and the height of the inner cylinder 102 is set according to actual needs. In addition, a buffer pad 802 is provided between the bottom of the annular water tank 1 and the bottom frame 701 to achieve a vibration reduction effect.

[0031] In specific implementations, both the buffer pad 801 and the buffer layer 802 are made of elastic materials, such as rubber.

[0032] In a specific implementation, the stirrer is installed above the inner cylinder top cover. In one embodiment, the stirrer is an electric fan blade, which includes blades 201, a rotating shaft 203, and a motor 202. The blades 201 are located inside the outer cylinder 101. To prevent the motor 202 from vibrating and causing instability in the annular water tank 1, the motor 202 is installed on the top of the outer frame. The rotating shaft 203 passes through the outer cylinder top cover 103, and its two ends are connected to the blades 201 and the motor 202, respectively. Driven by the motor 202, the blades 201 can be rotated, forming an annular high-speed water flow on the surface of the composite sample. As shown in Figure 4, the blades 201 in this embodiment adopt a six-bladed irregular structure. Each blade 201 includes a constant-height section 2011 and a variable-height section 2012. The constant-height section 2011 is located above the inner cylinder 102, and its two ends are connected to the variable-height section 2012 and the rotating shaft 203, respectively. The variable-height section 2012 is located in the outer cylinder 101, and its lower edge is parabolic. That is, the lower edge of the blade 201 is close to the sample surface on the side near the inner cylinder 102, and the distance between the lower edge and the sample gradually increases from the inner cylinder 102 side to the outer cylinder 101 side, thereby achieving a uniform distribution of water flow velocity in the radial direction. In this embodiment, the motor 202 is an adjustable angular velocity motor 202, connected to an external speed controller. The speed controller is controlled by the signal control system to realize the multi-velocity graded scouring test.

[0033] In one embodiment, a flow meter 6 can be installed on the side wall of the outer cylinder 101 to measure the water flow velocity during the test. To improve the measurement accuracy and reduce the influence on the water flow velocity, the flow meter 6 is installed upstream of the turbidity meter 5 and is positioned slightly higher than the sample surface. In another embodiment, the water flow velocity on the sample surface can be approximated as the product of the fan blade angular velocity and the radius of the inner cylinder 102. To improve the accuracy of flow velocity control and to avoid the lower edge of the blade 201 from touching the sample surface too low, the lowest point of the lower edge of the electric fan blade 201 should be slightly higher than the sample surface, for example, the distance can be set to about 1 cm.

[0034] The camera group includes four cameras 4, used to record the geometric changes at the interface between the solidified soil 301 and the natural soil 302 during the test. Two cameras are located inside the inner cylinder 102, respectively aimed at the interface 303 of the composite sample in the backflow state and the interface 304 of the frontflow state; the other two cameras are located outside the outer cylinder 101, also aimed at the interface 303 of the composite sample in the backflow state and the interface 304 of the frontflow state.

[0035] The water renewal system of this embodiment includes an outlet pump, an inlet pump, and a honeycomb unit. The annular water tank 1 is equipped with an inlet 104 and an outlet 105. The outlet pump draws water from the annular water tank 1 through the outlet 105, and the inlet pump fills the annular water tank 1 with water through the inlet 104. Simultaneously, the inlet and outlet pumps are placed in the same water tank, which is divided into two parts by the honeycomb unit, with the inlet and outlet pumps located on opposite sides of the unit. When the water in the annular water tank 1 becomes turbid, the flow rates of the inlet and outlet pumps can be increased to discharge the turbid water through the outlet 105. The honeycomb unit filters out the silt and impurities generated during the flushing process, forming clear water, which is then replenished to the annular water tank 1 through the inlet pump and inlet 104. The honeycomb unit protects the pump system and ensures water quality, enabling uninterrupted water renewal under experimental conditions, maintaining experimental continuity and image acquisition clarity.

[0036] Preferably, the signal control system in this embodiment includes a host computer (i.e., the computer in Figure 1) and a water pump controller (used to adjust the power of the inlet and outlet water pumps). The flushing test system also includes a turbidity meter 5. The host computer is electrically connected to the camera group, turbidity meter 5, motor speed controller, and water pump controller. On the one hand, it can issue control commands to adjust the motor speed and water pump power; on the other hand, it can receive parameters and information fed back from the camera group, turbidity meter 5, motor speed controller, and water pump controller. In this embodiment, the turbidity meter 5 is installed at the outlet 105 side of the annular water tank 1 to monitor the turbidity of the water flow in the annular water tank 1. Based on the signal fed back by the turbidity meter 5, the host computer dynamically controls the flow rate of the inlet and outlet water pumps, thereby continuously updating the water body during the flushing test and avoiding interference from water turbidity with image acquisition of the test phenomena.

[0037] As shown in Figure 5, based on the above-mentioned device, this application also provides a high-speed edge scour test method for solidified soil protection structures, the steps of which are as follows: S1: In the annular water tank 1, solidified soil 301 and natural soil 302 are filled to form an axisymmetrically distributed composite sample, and cameras 4 are set up to be aimed at the back-flow state interface 303 and the front-flow state interface 304 of the composite sample; specifically, the two cameras 4 in the inner cylinder 102 are respectively aimed at the two interfaces of the composite sample, and the two cameras 4 outside the outer cylinder 101 are also respectively aimed at the two interfaces of the composite sample.

[0038] S2: Curing the composite sample until the expected strength is achieved, installing the outer cylinder top cover 103, and injecting water through the inlet 104 until the entire annular water tank 1 is filled; S3: Starting the electric fan blades, the blades 201 rotate, forming a radially uniform annular high-speed water flow on the surface of the composite sample, simulating the high-speed scouring environment around the structure in actual engineering; simultaneously, starting the camera 4 to continuously acquire images, recording the scouring evolution process of the interface between the solidified soil 301 and the natural soil 302. Figure 6 shows the interface of the composite sample in the upstream state in one embodiment. Figure 7 is a side view of the interface of the composite sample in a backflow state in one embodiment. The water flows from the side of the solidified soil to the natural soil, and a sloping scour pit is formed at the interface. The turbidity meter 5 monitors the turbidity of the water in the annular water tank 1 in real time. The controller dynamically adjusts the flow rate of the inlet pump and the outlet pump to continuously update the water during the scour test (without interrupting the test) and avoid the turbidity of the water interfering with the image acquisition of the test phenomenon.

[0039] S4: After the test, stop the electric fan blades and water pump, remove the outer cylinder top cover 103, and take pictures of the cross-sectional shape of the sample after scouring for subsequent analysis.

[0040] By creating a backflow and frontflow interface between the solidified soil and natural soil in the annular water tank 1, and combining it with the radially uniform annular water flow generated by the motor-driven irregular blades, the edge scouring environment in actual engineering is realistically simulated. At the same time, a water circulation system based on turbidity feedback is equipped to maintain the water clarity without interrupting the test to meet the requirements of continuous high-definition image acquisition. The transparent annular water tank and multi-angle camera group are used to realize full-process visualization monitoring of the scouring process. It has significant advantages such as high flow velocity limit, fast test efficiency and strong data reliability.

[0041] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high-speed edge erosion test device for a solidified soil protection structure, characterized in that, include: The scour testing system includes an annular water tank, a mixer, and a camera assembly. Stabilized soil and natural soil are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom of the annular water tank. The mixer creates an annular water flow within the annular water tank, simultaneously forming both an upstream and downstream interface between the stabilized and natural soil. The camera assembly captures images of these upstream and downstream interfaces. A water renewal system supplies water to the annular water tank, receives water discharged from the annular water tank, and filters it. A signal control system receives information from the mixer, camera assembly, and water renewal system, and controls the mixer and the water renewal system.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scouring test system also includes an outer frame, the annular water tank is fixedly installed inside the outer frame, and the outer frame is fixed to the ground.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer frame includes a bottom frame, columns, and a top frame. The lower end of the column is fixedly connected to the bottom frame, and the top end of the column is detachably connected to the top frame. The upper and lower ends of the annular water tank are respectively connected to the top frame and the bottom frame through buffer pads.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular water tank is made of transparent material. The interior of the annular water tank is divided into a coaxial outer cylinder and an inner cylinder. Both the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are equipped with top covers. The agitator is installed above the top cover of the inner cylinder. The height of the outer cylinder is greater than the height of the inner cylinder. The solidified soil and natural soil are arranged symmetrically at the bottom of the outer cylinder.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stirrer is an electric fan blade, including a motor, a rotating shaft and several blades. The two ends of the rotating shaft are connected to the blades and the motor respectively. The motor is connected to the signal control system. The signal control system controls the blades to rotate in the annular water tank through the motor to form an annular water flow.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The blades have an irregular shape, and each blade includes a constant height section and a variable height section. The two ends of the constant height section are connected to the variable height section and the rotating shaft, respectively. The lower edge of the variable height section is parabolic, and the distance between the lower edge and the sample surface gradually increases from the inner cylinder side to the outer cylinder side.

7. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The camera group includes several cameras, which are arranged inside the inner cylinder and outside the outer cylinder. At least two cameras are arranged on both the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, respectively, and are aimed at the interface between the upstream and downstream states.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, A turbidity meter is installed on one side of the outlet of the annular water tank to provide feedback on the turbidity of the water output from the annular water tank to the signal control system.

9. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water renewal system includes an inlet pump, an outlet pump, and a honeycomb unit. The outlet pump is used to extract water from the annular water tank, and the honeycomb unit is used to filter the water extracted by the outlet pump and fill the annular water tank with water through the inlet pump. Both the inlet pump and the outlet pump are controlled by a signal control system.

10. A high-speed edge erosion test method for a solidified soil protection structure used in any one of the devices described in claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: In the annular water tank, solidified soil and natural soil are filled to form an axisymmetrically distributed composite sample. The solidified soil and natural soil in the composite sample form an upstream and downstream interface. Several cameras are set up inside the inner cylinder and outside the outer cylinder to focus the field of view on the two interfaces in the composite sample. S2: The composite sample is cured. After the composite sample reaches the expected strength, the top cover of the outer cylinder is installed, and water is injected through the inlet until the entire annular water tank space is filled. S3: The motor is started, and the blades rotate to form a radially uniform annular water flow on the surface of the composite sample. At the same time, the camera is started to continuously acquire images and record the scouring evolution process of the interface between the solidified soil and natural soil. The turbidity meter monitors the turbidity of the water in the annular water tank in real time, and the flow rates of the inlet and outlet pumps are dynamically adjusted to ensure that the water in the annular water tank meets the turbidity requirements. S4: After the test, the electric fan blades and water pumps are stopped, the top cover is removed, and the cross-sectional morphology of the sample after scouring is photographed for subsequent analysis.

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