Geological simulation experiment device for underground pipeline leakage and experiment method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a geological simulation experiment device for underground pipeline leakage and an experiment method thereof.An experiment box comprises an inner box and an inner pipe penetrating through the inner box, the inner box is filled with sandy soil and the inner pipe is buried, a plurality of leakage openings are formed in the inner pipe, the inner pipe is rotationally sleeved with an adjusting sleeve for sealing and exposing the leakage openings, and the adjusting sleeve is sleeved with a plurality of adjusting sleeves for sealing and exposing the leakage openings; outward water seepage grooves are formed in the two sides of the inner box, and a sand outlet adjusting device is arranged at the bottom of the inner box; the water injection system comprises a first water inlet branch, a first water outlet branch, a second water inlet branch and a second water outlet branch, the first water inlet branch and the first water outlet branch are in butt joint with the two ends of the inner pipe respectively, and the second water inlet branch and the second water outlet branch are in butt joint with the outward seepage water grooves in the two sides of the inner box respectively. According to the geological simulation experiment device for underground pipeline leakage and the experiment method thereof, simulation of internal seepage and external seepage of the underground pipeline can be achieved, simulation of the leakage environment of the underground pipeline is more real, and the accuracy of experiment data is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a geological simulation experimental device and method for underground pipeline leakage, belonging to the field of geological simulation experimental technology for leakage caused by urban underground pipeline networks. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the aging and damage of urban underground pipe networks, problems such as underground voids and surface subsidence caused by pipe leaks have become increasingly frequent, leading to accidents such as ground collapses and sewage pipe leaks. Numerous investigations show that most of these accidents are caused by prolonged pipe leaks that have not been effectively sealed. Therefore, it is essential to fundamentally understand, study, and master the patterns of geological and soil erosion caused by underground pipe leaks.

[0003] Currently, many scholars have designed experimental devices and methods for pipeline leakage based on the leakage characteristics of underground pipelines. However, most scholars have only simplified the experimental models, studied the leakage characteristics of the same pipeline gap, and considered only a single factor. Their experimental devices can only examine soil erosion phenomena caused by leakage in drainage or water supply pipelines. For example, Chinese invention patent application CN118010958A discloses an experimental device for simulating soil erosion caused by underground pipeline leakage. This device includes a main model box, a pipeline water circulation device, a water level control device, and a soil erosion data monitoring device. Although this experimental device can change the pipe diameter by fixing the pipe to the annular plate, and can meet the requirements of pipe diameter reduction tests at different scales, it cannot control the size, direction, and shape of the pipeline gap. Furthermore, this device cannot combine internal and external seepage in underground pipelines, and cannot change the shape of the leakage outlet to simulate different degrees of leakage. It is not connected to the grouting repair system, so it is impossible to repair the void immediately after it appears and to evaluate the repair effect after repair. It is also impossible to monitor the impact of polymer expansion on the surface layer in real time during grouting repair. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a more comprehensive geological simulation experimental device and method for underground pipeline leakage, addressing the limitations of existing experimental research on underground pipeline leakage.

[0005] This invention is achieved using the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention first discloses a geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage, comprising:

[0007] The experimental chamber 300 includes an inner chamber 303 and an inner tube 311 that penetrates the inner chamber. The inner chamber 303 is filled with sand and the inner tube is buried. The inner tube 311 is provided with several leakage ports 313. An adjusting sleeve 312 is rotatably fitted on the inner tube to close and expose the leakage ports. The inner chamber 303 is provided with external water seepage grooves 302 on both sides. The bottom of the inner chamber 303 is provided with a sand outlet adjusting device 330.

[0008] The water injection system includes a first inlet branch 110, a first outlet branch 120, a second inlet branch 130, and a second outlet branch 140. The first inlet branch 110 and the first outlet branch 120 are respectively connected to both ends of the inner pipe 311, and the second inlet branch 130 and the second outlet branch 140 are respectively connected to the external seepage tanks 302 on both sides of the inner tank. Each branch is equipped with an independently adjustable valve.

[0009] The data acquisition system includes a displacement sensor 402 buried in the sand around the leakage outlet of the inner pipe, a flow meter 122 installed on the outlet branch, and an image acquisition device 500 mounted on the outside of the box.

[0010] In a geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage according to the present invention, the adjusting sleeve 312 is further provided in two sets, which are respectively rotatably mounted on the two side walls of the experimental box 300 through which the inner pipe passes. The inner pipe 311 is provided with two different leakage ports 313 corresponding to the coverage area of ​​the two sets of adjusting sleeves. The pipe wall of the adjusting sleeve 312 is provided with an opening groove 314 that exposes the leakage port on the inner pipe by rotation.

[0011] In a geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage according to the present invention, the external seepage tank 302 is further separated from the inner cavity of the inner box 303 by an external seepage lateral filter plate 320. The external seepage lateral filter plate 320 includes a side filter plate 321 and a side sealing plate 322. The side filter plate 321 is fixed between the external seepage tank 302 and the inner box 303 and is provided with a plurality of filter holes 323. The side sealing plate 322 is movably stacked with the side filter plate 321 by a buckle 325 to seal the filter holes on the side filter plate 321.

[0012] In a geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage according to the present invention, the top of the inner box 303 is further sealed by a transparent top plate 342, and a transparent airbag 341 is provided on the top of the transparent top plate 342 and the sand filling in the box. The data acquisition system also includes a laser rangefinder 401 installed on the top of the transparent top plate 342 to detect sand settlement.

[0013] In a geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage according to the present invention, the sand outlet adjustment device 330 further includes an adjustment plate 331 slidably mounted on the bottom of the inner box 303. The adjustment plate 331 is divided into a water filtration zone 331A, a sealing zone 331B, and a sand discharge zone 331C along its sliding direction. The three different stroke positions of the adjustment plate are respectively aligned with the sand outlet at the bottom of the inner box. The water filtration zone 331A is provided with a plurality of sieve holes 332. The sealing zone 331B is a smooth plate that seals the sand outlet at the bottom of the inner box. The sand discharge zone 331C is a void area that exposes the sand outlet at the bottom of the inner box. These are used to discharge seepage water in the sand in the inner box and to simulate the erosion and loss of sand caused by seepage. It also facilitates the rapid discharge and cleaning of sand in the inner box after the experiment.

[0014] In a geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage according to the present invention, a collection box 352 with a mass detector 334 is further provided below the sand outlet at the bottom of the inner box to collect the mass of sand and soil lost due to leakage of the inner pipe.

[0015] In a geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage according to the present invention, the adjusting plate 331 further achieves sliding adjustment through a gear and rack structure.

[0016] In a geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage according to the present invention, the water source of the water injection system includes a water storage tank 101, a recovery water tank 104, and a replenishment water tank 106. The water storage tank 101 is connected to the main water pump 102. The first water inlet branch 110 and the second water inlet branch 130 are connected in parallel to the main water pump 102. The first water outlet branch 120 and the second water outlet branch 140 are connected in parallel to the recovery water tank 104. The recovery water tank 104 is connected to the replenishment water tank 106 through a circulation pipeline 150. The replenishment water tank 106 and the water storage tank 101 are connected.

[0017] In a geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage according to the present invention, a grouting system is further included. The grouting system includes a grouting pump 201 and a grouting pipe 202 connected to the grouting pump 201. The grouting pipe 202 extends through the experimental chamber to the area where the leakage port of the inner pipe is located.

[0018] The present invention also discloses a geological simulation test method for underground pipeline leakage, which uses the above-mentioned device of the present invention to conduct internal seepage simulation test and external seepage simulation test of underground pipeline.

[0019] In the internal seepage simulation experiment, the second inlet branch 130 and the second outlet branch 140 are closed, the first inlet branch 110 and the first outlet branch 120 are adjusted to connect the two ends of the inner pipe, water is injected into the inner pipe through the water source, the sand outlet adjustment device 330 at the bottom of the inner box is adjusted to align the filter area 331A or the sand discharge area 331C with the sand outlet, the adjustment sleeve 312 is rotated until the corresponding leakage port 313 on the inner pipe 311 is exposed, water seeps into the inner box from the inside to the outside of the inner pipe, the sand and soil settlement information in the inner box is collected by the data acquisition system, the voids generated by the leakage of the inner pipe are grouted and repaired by the grouting system, and the grouting and repair process is recorded in real time by the image acquisition device 500.

[0020] In the external seepage simulation experiment, the first inlet branch 110 is closed, the first outlet branch 120 is kept connected, the second inlet branch 130 and the second outlet branch 140 are connected to the external seepage tank, the filter holes on the external seepage side filter plate 320 between the inner box 303 and the external seepage tank 302 are exposed, the adjusting sleeve 312 is rotated until the corresponding leakage port 313 on the inner pipe 311 is exposed, water is injected into the external seepage tank 302 through the second inlet branch 130, and the sand in the inner box seeps into the inner pipe from the outside to the inside through the leakage port of the inner pipe. The data acquisition system collects the sand settlement information in the inner box and the outflow rate of the first outlet branch 120, the grouting system repairs the voids generated at the leakage point of the inner pipe, and the image acquisition device 500 records the grouting repair process in real time.

[0021] The present invention, by adopting the above technical solution, has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The present invention sets up an inner box and an outer seepage tank in the experimental chamber, which are connected by an adjustable external seepage side filter plate and a parallel water inlet branch and water outlet branch. The pipeline connection of the internal seepage experiment and the external seepage experiment can be switched and adjusted, realizing the simulation of two leakage scenarios of internal seepage and external seepage in underground pipelines, and expanding the diversity of experimental simulation.

[0023] (2) The inner tube of the inner box of the present invention is equipped with adjustable sleeves in sections to simulate underground pipelines. The adjustable sleeves can expose different leakage outlets on the inner tube, and can also adjust the shape and size of the leakage outlets to simulate different degrees of underground pipeline leakage, thereby improving the adjustability of the experimental simulation.

[0024] (3) The present invention is equipped with a sand outlet adjustment device in the inner box. During the experiment, the sand is simulated to be lost due to the seepage and scouring of the underground pipeline. Furthermore, the formation of underground voids caused by the seepage of the underground pipeline can be simulated, and the experimental effect is more realistic.

[0025] (4) The present invention sets a transparent airbag at the top of the inner box to pressurize the sand filling in the inner box, simulating the real underground stress environment of the soil, which improves the realism of the experimental simulation. At the same time, the laser ranging sensor set at the top monitors the soil surface settlement distance caused by pipeline leakage and scouring of the soil in the inner box. Combined with the displacement sensor buried in the sand in the inner box, more comprehensive soil displacement data caused by underground pipeline leakage can be obtained.

[0026] (4) The present invention also introduces a grouting system, which can simulate the grouting repair of underground cavities caused by underground pipeline leakage and conduct grouting repair simulation experiments of underground cavities.

[0027] (5) The water injection system of the present invention adopts a circulating water recycling path of water storage tank and water recycling tank to recycle the water used in the experiment, thus saving resources in the experiment.

[0028] In summary, the geological simulation experimental device and method for underground pipeline leakage provided by this invention can simulate both internal and external seepage in underground pipelines, providing a more realistic simulation of the underground pipeline leakage environment and improving the accuracy of experimental data.

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage in one of the embodiments.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the inner box structure in the embodiment.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inner trunk and regulating sleeve structure in the embodiment.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a front view of the stacked filter plates on the external seepage side in the embodiment.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the stacked filter plates for external seepage in the embodiment.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a front view of the sand outlet adjustment device in the embodiment.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the gear and rack of the sand outlet adjustment device in the embodiment.

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an internal seepage experiment of a geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage in one of the embodiments.

[0038] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of an external seepage experiment of a geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage in one of the embodiments.

[0039] Numbering on the map:

[0040] 101-Water storage tank, 102-Main water pump, 103-Main valve, 104-Recovery water tank, 105-Circulating water pump, 106-Make-up water tank, 110-First inlet branch, 111-First inlet valve, 120-First outlet branch, 121-First outlet valve, 122-Flow meter, 130-Second inlet branch, 131-Second inlet valve, 140-Second outlet branch, 141-Second outlet valve, 142-Outlet pump, 150-Circulation pipeline;

[0041] 201 - Grouting pump, 202 - Grouting pipe;

[0042] 300-Experimental chamber, 301-Transparent chamber wall, 302-External seepage tank, 303-Inner chamber, 304-Support, 311-Inner tube, 312-Adjusting sleeve, 313-Leakage port, 314-Opening groove, 315-Sealing ring, 320-External seepage side filter plate, 321-Side filter plate, 322-Side sealing plate, 323-Filter hole, 324-Inner tube mounting hole, 325-Snap fastener, 326-Strip 330-Sand outlet adjustment device, 331-Adjusting plate, 331A-Filtration zone, 331B-Closed zone, 331C-Sand discharge zone, 332-Sieve hole, 333-Adjusting rack, 334-Adjusting gear, 335-Connecting rod, 336-Adjusting knob, 341-Transparent airbag, 342-Transparent top plate, 351-Collection funnel, 352-Collection box, 353-Mass measuring instrument;

[0043] 400 - Data collection and analysis instrument; 401 - Laser rangefinder sensor; 402 - Displacement sensor; 500 - Image acquisition device. Detailed Implementation

[0044] Example

[0045] join Figure 1 The geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage shown in the figure is a specific embodiment of the present invention. It includes an experimental chamber 300, a water injection system, a grouting system, and a data acquisition system. The main body of the device is the experimental chamber 300, which simulates underground pipelines and underground soil environment. The water injection system simulates water seeping from the inside of the underground pipeline to the surrounding soil or water accumulating in the underground soil to seep from the outside into the underground pipeline by injecting water into the underground pipeline or the underground soil environment. That is, internal seepage and external seepage in the present invention. The grouting system is used to simulate the grouting repair process of underground cavities after underground pipeline leakage. The data acquisition system collects underground soil settlement data and grouting repair data during the experimental process inside the experimental chamber.

[0046] See also Figure 2 The experimental chamber 300 includes a transparent chamber wall 301, an external seepage tank 302, an inner chamber 303, a support 304, an inner tube 311, an adjusting sleeve 312, an external seepage side filter plate 320, a sand outlet adjusting device 330, a transparent airbag 341, a transparent top plate 342, a collection funnel 351, a collection box 352, and a mass measuring instrument 353. The main body of the experimental chamber 300 uses a transparent chamber wall 301 to facilitate image acquisition of the internal seepage process. An inner chamber 303 is set inside the chamber, and external seepage tanks 302 are provided on both sides of the inner chamber 303 and between the transparent chamber wall. The main body of the chamber is supported and fixed by the support 304. An inner pipe 311 passes through the two parallel side walls of the experimental chamber 300 and is installed inside an inner chamber 303. The inner chamber 303 is filled with sand to bury the inner pipe 311, simulating the underground environment of buried pipelines. Several leakage outlets 313 are provided on the inner pipe 311. Several displacement sensors 402 are embedded in the sand around the leakage outlets 313 to detect the settlement displacement of the sand. An adjusting sleeve 312 is rotated and fitted onto the inner pipe 311. When the adjusting sleeve 312 closes the leakage outlets 313 on the inner pipe 311, it simulates a normal underground pipeline. When the adjusting sleeve 312 rotates and exposes the leakage outlets 313 on the inner pipe 311, it simulates a leaking underground pipeline after damage. The inner cavity of the inner chamber 303 and the external seepage tanks 302 on both sides are separated by external seepage side filter plates 320. Water is injected through the external seepage tanks 302. Water seeps into the sand filling the inner box 303, simulating groundwater leakage into a damaged inner pipe. A sand outlet is set at the bottom of the inner box 303, and a sand outlet adjustment device 330 is set at the corresponding position of the sand outlet to adjust the sand outlet to a closed, seeping, and sand-discharging state. A collection box 352 is set below the sand outlet at the bottom of the inner box 303 through a collection funnel 351 to collect the sand discharged through the sand outlet. The mass of the discharged sand is detected by a mass measuring instrument 353 in the collection box 352. The top of the inner box 303 is sealed with a transparent top plate 342. A transparent airbag 341 is set on the inner wall of the transparent top plate 342. The inflated transparent airbag 341 is located on top of the transparent top plate 342 and the sand filling in the inner box. The pressure on the top of the sand filling in the inner box is applied by the inflated transparent airbag 341 to simulate the stress environment of the underground soil. Both the transparent top plate 342 and the transparent airbag 341 are made of transparent material. A laser range sensor 401 is also installed on the top of the transparent top plate 342. The laser passes through the transparent airbag 341 to detect the settlement displacement or heave change of the sand surface inside the inner box.

[0047] The inner tube 311 and adjusting sleeve 312 in this embodiment are specifically as follows: Figure 3As shown, the inner tube 311 is fixedly passed through the inner box 303 and the transparent box wall 301 of the experimental box. The adjusting sleeve 312 is rotatably fitted onto the inner tube 311 and simultaneously rotates with the box wall of the inner box 303, so that the adjusting sleeve 312 can be rotated relative to the inner tube 311. The inner tube 311 is provided with a leakage port 313. The adjusting sleeve 312 is provided with an opening groove 314 at the corresponding axial position. During the rotation of the adjusting sleeve 312, the leakage port 313 on the inner tube 311 is covered by the tube wall, and the leakage port 313 on the inner tube 311 is exposed through the opening groove 314. To increase the types of leakage outlets, this embodiment uses two sets of adjusting sleeves 312 segmentally fitted onto the inner pipe 311. The two sets of adjusting sleeves 312 are respectively rotatably mounted on the two side walls of the inner box 303 through which the inner pipe passes. Two sets of leakage outlets 313 with different opening shapes are set on the inner pipe near the two side walls of the inner box 303. The two sets of adjusting sleeves 312 respectively cover the two sets of leakage outlets 313 on the inner pipe. By rotating the two sets of adjusting sleeves 312 individually, leakage experiments simulating underground pipelines with different opening types of leakage outlets can be achieved.

[0048] Since the leakage port 313 on the inner tube 311 is covered by the adjusting sleeve 312, sealing rings 315 are installed on both sides of the leakage port to prevent leakage from occurring in the gap between the adjusting sleeve 312 and the inner tube 311. The ends of the two sets of adjusting sleeves 312 extend to the outside of the inner box 303, making it easy to rotate the adjusting sleeves 312 from the outside of the inner box.

[0049] In this embodiment, the external seepage side filter plate 320 is arranged at a distance between the inner box 303 and the external seepage tank 302, as shown in the example. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the external seepage side filter plate 320 includes a side filter plate 321 and a side sealing plate 322. The side filter plate 321 is fixed between the external seepage tank 302 and the inner box 303. The middle position is provided with an inner pipe mounting hole 324 for assembling the inner pipe 311 and the adjusting sleeve 312. The remaining positions are provided with a number of filter holes 323. The side sealing plate 322 is stacked with a smooth plate of the same size as the side filter plate 321. After stacking, the side sealing plate 322 seals all the filter holes on the side filter plate 321. The sides of the side sealing plate 322 and the side filter plate 321 are detachably fixed by a buckle 325. After the side sealing plate 322 and the side filter plate 321 are separated, the external seepage tank 302 and the interior of the inner box 303 are connected through the filter holes on the side filter plate 321. By injecting water into the external seepage tank 302, the environment of water accumulation in the soil inside the inner box 303 can be simulated. The side sealing plate 322 has a strip hole 326 in the middle. When stacked, the inner tube mounting hole 324 on the side filter plate 321 coincides with the strip hole 326, allowing the inner tube and its connected inlet and outlet water branches to pass through.

[0050] The external seepage tank 302 is separated from the inner cavity of the inner box 303 by the external seepage side filter plate 320. The external seepage side filter plate 320 includes a side filter plate 321 and a side sealing plate 322. The side filter plate 321 is fixed between the external seepage tank 302 and the inner box 303 and has a number of filter holes 323. The side sealing plate 322 is movably stacked with the side filter plate 321 by a buckle 325 to seal the filter holes on the side filter plate 321.

[0051] The sand outlet adjustment device 330 at the bottom of the inner box 303 is as follows: Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the sand outlet adjustment device 330 includes an adjustment plate 331, an adjustment rack 333, an adjustment gear 334, a connecting rod 335, and an adjustment knob 336. The adjustment plate 331 is a valve plate that controls the sand outlet and is slidably mounted on the sand outlet at the bottom of the inner box 303. The adjustment plate 331 is divided into a water filtration zone 331A, a closed zone 331B, and a sand discharge zone 331C along its sliding direction. The three different stroke positions of the adjustment plate are respectively aligned with the sand outlet at the bottom of the inner box. The water filtration zone 331A is provided with a number of sieve holes 332. The closed zone 331B is a smooth plate that closes the sand outlet at the bottom of the inner box. The sand discharge zone 331C is an empty area that exposes the sand outlet at the bottom of the inner box. When the adjusting plate 331 slides to align with the filtration zone 331A and the sand outlet, seepage water in the sand filling the inner chamber will be discharged through the sieve holes 332 on the filtration zone 331A. When the adjusting plate 331 slides to align with the closed zone 331B and the sand outlet, the sand outlet at the bottom of the inner chamber is closed. When the adjusting plate 331 slides to align with the sand discharge zone 331C and the sand outlet, the sand outlet at the bottom of the inner chamber is fully opened, simulating sand erosion caused by seepage, and facilitating the rapid discharge and cleaning of sand in the inner chamber after the test. The opening degree of the sand outlet at the bottom of the inner chamber can also be controlled by adjusting the closed zone 331B of the adjusting plate.

[0052] In this embodiment, a gear and rack mechanism consisting of an adjusting rack 333 and an adjusting gear 334 is used to achieve the sliding adjustment of the adjusting plate 331. The adjusting rack 333 is fixedly connected to the adjusting plate 331 along the side of the adjusting plate parallel to the sliding direction. The adjusting gear 334 meshes with the adjusting rack 333. The adjusting knob 336 is coaxially fixed with the adjusting gear 334 through the connecting rod 335. By rotating the adjusting gear 334 through the adjusting knob 336, the adjusting plate 331 can be slid through the adjusting rack 333.

[0053] See you again Figure 1The water injection system of this embodiment includes a first water inlet branch 110, a first water outlet branch 120, a second water inlet branch 130, and a second water outlet branch 140 surrounding the experimental chamber 300. The first water inlet branch 110 and the first water outlet branch 120 are respectively connected to the two ends of the inner pipe 311, and the second water inlet branch 130 and the second water outlet branch 140 are respectively connected to the external seepage tanks 302 on both sides of the inner chamber. Each branch is equipped with an independently adjustable valve.

[0054] Each inlet branch of the water injection system can be independently connected to a water source. In this embodiment, a single water source is used to supply water to two inlet branches. This water source includes a water storage tank 101, a recovery water tank 104, and a makeup water tank 106. The water storage tank 101 is connected to the main water pump 102. The first inlet branch 110 and the second inlet branch 130 are connected in parallel to the outlet of the main water pump 102. The outlet of the main water pump 102 is equipped with a main valve 103 for controlling the inlet of the first inlet branch 110 and the second inlet branch 130. A first inlet branch 110 is equipped with a... A first inlet valve 111 and a second inlet valve 131 are provided on the second inlet branch 130. The first outlet branch 120 and the second outlet branch 140 are connected in parallel to the recovery water tank 104. The first outlet branch 120 is equipped with a first outlet valve 121 and a flow meter 122. The second outlet branch 140 is equipped with a second outlet valve 141 and an outlet pump 142. The second outlet branch 140 is extended to the bottom of the seepage tank. The water in the seepage tank can be pumped out by the water pump 142 on the second outlet branch 140. The recovery water tank 104 is connected to the makeup water tank 106 through a circulation pipe 150. A circulation water pump 105 is provided on the circulation pipe 150. The makeup water tank 106 is connected to the storage tank 101. The water source of the entire system is recycled and reused through the circulation pipe 150, and no external water source is required for replenishment. The recycled water tank 104 is equipped with a filter screen, and a filter screen is also installed between the water replenishment tank 106 and the water storage tank 101 to filter out sand particles mixed in the circulating water.

[0055] This embodiment considers the simulation of repairing underground cavities caused by the erosion and loss of surrounding soil due to underground pipeline leakage. A grouting system is also selected, which includes a grouting pump 201 and a grouting pipe 202 connected to the grouting pump 201. The grouting pipe 202 extends through the experimental chamber to the area where the leakage port of the inner pipe is located. The grouting pump 201 is connected to a grout tank. During the experiment, grout is extracted and injected through the grouting pipe to simulate the grouting repair of the cavity area formed around the inner pipe.

[0056] The data acquisition system includes a displacement sensor 402 buried in the sand around the leakage outlet of the inner pipe, a flow meter 122 installed on the outlet branch, an image acquisition device 500 mounted outside the tank, a laser rangefinder 401 arranged on the top of the inner tank, and a mass measuring instrument 353 in the collection box at the bottom of the inner tank. The flow meter 122 detects the seepage flow rate during external seepage from the inner pipe; the displacement sensor 402 detects the soil settlement data after the sand inside the tank is eroded due to internal seepage from the inner pipe; the laser rangefinder 401 obtains the surface settlement data of the soil; the mass measuring instrument 353 detects the mass of the eroded sand; and the image acquisition device 500 captures real-time image data of the sand settlement inside the inner tank and real-time image data of the grouting repair of the grouting system. The laser rangefinder 401, displacement sensor 402, flow meter 122, mass measuring instrument 353, and image acquisition device 500 are all communicatively connected to the data collection and analysis instrument 400, receiving, processing, and outputting the collected experimental data. The processing and analysis of experimental data in this embodiment are well-known techniques in the field, and will not be described in detail here.

[0057] The following is a detailed description of the process of conducting a geological simulation experiment on underground pipeline leakage using this embodiment.

[0058] This embodiment can conduct internal seepage simulation experiments and external seepage simulation experiments of underground pipelines. Internal seepage refers to the leakage of water from the inside of the underground pipeline to the surrounding soil due to the damage of the underground pipeline. This is mostly used for underground water supply pipelines. External seepage refers to the leakage of water accumulated in the soil around the underground pipeline from the outside to the inside of the damaged pipeline. This is more common in underground pipelines.

[0059] In the internal seepage simulation experiment, the second inlet valve 131 on the second inlet branch 130 and the second outlet valve 141 on the second outlet branch 140 are closed. The first inlet valve 111 on the first inlet branch 110 and the first outlet valve 121 on the first outlet branch 120 are opened, connecting the two ends of the inner pipe between the first inlet branch 110 and the first outlet branch 120. Figure 8 As shown. Water is injected into the inner pipe through a water source. The sand outlet adjustment device 330 at the bottom of the inner tank is adjusted so that the water filtration zone 331A or the sand discharge zone 331C is aligned with the sand outlet. The adjustment sleeve 312 is rotated until the corresponding leakage port 313 on the inner pipe 311 is exposed. Water seeps into the inner tank from the inside to the outside through the inner pipe. The data acquisition system collects the sand and soil settlement information in the inner tank. The grouting system is used to grout and repair the voids caused by the leakage in the inner pipe. The grouting and repair process is recorded in real time by the image acquisition device 500.

[0060] In the external seepage simulation experiment, the first inlet valve 111 on the first inlet branch 110 is closed, and the first outlet valve 121 on the first outlet branch 120 is opened to keep the first outlet branch 120 connected. The second inlet valve 131 on the second inlet branch 130 and the second outlet valve 141 on the second outlet branch 140 are opened. The connection between the second inlet branch 130 and the second outlet branch 140 and the external seepage tank is adjusted. Figure 9 As shown. Adjust the filter holes on the external seepage side filter plate 320 between the inner box 303 and the external seepage tank 302 to expose them. Rotate the adjusting sleeve 312 until the corresponding leakage port 313 on the inner pipe 311 is exposed. The inner box 303 and the external seepage tank 302 are connected by the filter holes on the external seepage side filter plate 320. Water is injected into the external seepage tank 302 through the second water inlet branch 130 to simulate the environment of water seepage in the soil around the inner pipe. Adjust the sand outlet adjustment device 330 at the bottom of the inner box to align the closed area 331B with the sand outlet to close the sand outlet and prevent the water in the external seepage tank 302 from being quickly discharged through the sand outlet of the inner box. The sand in the inner box forms water accumulation and seeps into the inner pipe from the outside to the inside through the leakage port of the inner pipe. The data acquisition system collects the sand settlement information in the inner box and the flow rate is collected by the flow meter 122 on the first water outlet branch 120 to obtain the leakage data. If the sand at the leakage point of the inner pipe becomes cavitary or settles, the cavity at the leakage point of the inner pipe is repaired by grouting through the grouting system, and the grouting repair process is recorded in real time by the image acquisition device 500.

[0061] The specific experimental steps are as follows:

[0062] Step 1: Assemble the experimental chamber, select the appropriate leak location and leak shape for the inner pipe, connect the water injection system, and set up the image acquisition equipment, including a high-definition camera or industrial camera.

[0063] Step two: Fill the sand sample. First, fill the inner chamber of the experimental chamber with a relatively thick layer of soil sample, then add a very thin layer of dyed soil sample, followed by another thick layer of soil sample, and then another thin layer of dyed soil sample, and so on. Compact and roughen the surface by adding the test soil sample and dyed soil sample to the test height. During the soil filling process, place displacement sensors around the leak point of the inner tube, spaced 5cm apart, within a 15*15*15cm space around the leak point. Temperature and humidity sensors and pressure sensors can also be pre-embedded in the sand to detect and acquire pressure, temperature, and humidity data to aid in analysis. All displacement sensors and temperature and humidity sensors are connected to the data acquisition and analysis instrument.

[0064] Step 3: Assemble the grouting system and place the grouting pipe extension of the grouting system at the leakage point of the inner pipe.

[0065] Step 4: Assemble the transparent top plate and transparent airbag to seal the inner box, and control the inflation degree of the transparent airbag to adjust the soil pressure inside the inner box.

[0066] Step 5: Add an appropriate amount of fluorescent water to the water storage tank of the water injection system to track and observe the water seepage flow direction.

[0067] Step 6: Adjust the corresponding inlet and outlet water branches according to the external or internal seepage test. Use the adjusting sleeve from the outer wall of the inner tank to cover unnecessary leaks in the inner pipe and open the leaks needed in the test. Turn on the water injection system, control the power of the water pump, and adjust the water flow rate in the pipeline.

[0068] Step seven: Based on the external or internal seepage test, adjust the size and shape of the leakage outlet in the inner pipe by adjusting the rotating sleeve. Open the sand outlet adjustment device at the bottom of the inner chamber and adjust the size and shape of the sand outlet according to the test requirements. Leakage begins at the defective inner pipe, the data collection and analysis instrument begins to record changes in erosion data, and the image acquisition equipment captures the development process of leakage and erosion.

[0069] Step 8: After the leakage ends, shut down the water injection system. If underground voids form in the soil around the leakage point in the inner ring, turn on the grouting system and inject grout into the underground voids for repair.

[0070] Step nine: Grouting repair is complete. Turn off the grouting system, turn on the water injection system, and the data collection and analysis instrument continues to record and analyze data changes to evaluate the sealing effect of the grouting repair.

[0071] In this document, the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "vertical," and "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only used for the clarity of expressing the technical solution and for the convenience of description, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0072] In this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, which includes not only the elements listed but also other elements not expressly listed.

[0073] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage, characterized in that... include: The experimental chamber (300) includes an inner chamber (303) and an inner tube (311) that runs through the inner chamber. The inner chamber (303) is filled with sand and the inner tube is buried. The inner tube (311) is provided with several leakage ports (313). An adjusting sleeve (312) that closes and exposes the leakage ports is rotatably fitted on the inner tube. The inner chamber (303) is provided with external water seepage grooves (302) on both sides. The bottom of the inner chamber (303) is provided with a sand outlet adjusting device (330). The water injection system includes a first inlet branch (110), a first outlet branch (120), a second inlet branch (130), and a second outlet branch (140). The first inlet branch (110) and the first outlet branch (120) are respectively connected to both ends of the inner pipe (311), and the second inlet branch (130) and the second outlet branch (140) are respectively connected to the external seepage tanks (302) on both sides of the inner tank. Each branch is equipped with an independently adjustable valve. The data acquisition system includes a displacement sensor (402) buried in the sand around the leakage outlet of the inner pipe, a flow meter (122) installed on the outlet branch, and an image acquisition device (500) mounted on the outside of the box.

2. The geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting sleeve (312) consists of two sets, which are rotatably mounted on the two side walls of the experimental box (300) through which the inner tube passes. The inner tube (311) is provided with two different leakage ports (313) corresponding to the coverage area of ​​the two sets of adjusting sleeves. The adjusting sleeve (312) has an opening groove (314) on its wall that exposes the leakage port on the inner tube by rotation.

3. The geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external seepage tank (302) is separated from the inner cavity of the inner box (303) by an external seepage side filter plate (320). The external seepage side filter plate (320) includes a side filter plate (321) and a side sealing plate (322). The side filter plate (321) is fixed between the external seepage tank (302) and the inner box (303) and has a plurality of filter holes (323). The side sealing plate (322) is movably stacked with the side filter plate (321) by a buckle (325) to close the filter holes on the side filter plate (321).

4. The geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the inner box (303) is closed by a transparent top plate (342). The transparent top plate (342) and the top of the sand filling in the box are provided with transparent airbags (341). The data acquisition system also includes a laser range sensor (401) installed on the top of the transparent top plate (342) to detect sand settlement.

5. The geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand outlet adjustment device (330) includes an adjustment plate (331) that is slidably mounted on the bottom of the inner box (303). The adjustment plate (331) is divided into a water filtration zone (331A), a closed zone (331B), and a sand discharge zone (331C) along its sliding direction. The three different stroke positions of the adjustment plate are respectively aligned with the sand outlet at the bottom of the inner box. The water filtration zone (331A) is provided with a number of sieve holes (332). The closed zone (331B) is a smooth plate that closes the sand outlet at the bottom of the inner box. The sand discharge zone (331C) is a void area that exposes the sand outlet at the bottom of the inner box.

6. The geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage according to claim 5, characterized in that: A collection box (352) equipped with a quality detector (334) is connected below the sand outlet at the bottom of the inner box.

7. The geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjusting plate (331) achieves sliding adjustment through a gear and rack structure.

8. The geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water source of the water injection system includes a water storage tank (101), a recovery water tank (104), and a water replenishment tank (106). The water storage tank (101) is connected to the main water pump (102). The first water inlet branch (110) and the second water inlet branch (130) are connected in parallel to the main water pump (102). The first water outlet branch (120) and the second water outlet branch (140) are connected in parallel to the recovery water tank (104). The recovery water tank (104) is connected to the water replenishment tank (106) through a circulation pipeline (150). The water replenishment tank (106) and the water storage tank (101) are connected.

9. A geological simulation experimental device for underground pipeline leakage according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: It also includes a grouting system, which includes a grouting pump (201) and a grouting pipe (202) connected to the grouting pump (201), the grouting pipe (202) extending through the test chamber to the area where the inner pipe leaks.

10. A geological simulation experimental method for underground pipeline leakage, characterized in that: The device described in claim 9 was used to conduct internal seepage simulation experiments and external seepage simulation experiments on underground pipelines. In the internal seepage simulation experiment, the second water inlet branch (130) and the second water outlet branch (140) are closed, the first water inlet branch (110) and the first water outlet branch (120) are adjusted to connect the two ends of the inner pipe, water is injected into the inner pipe through the water source, the sand outlet adjustment device (330) at the bottom of the inner box is adjusted to align the filter area (331A) or the sand discharge area (331C) with the sand outlet, the adjustment sleeve (312) is rotated until the corresponding leakage port (313) on the inner pipe (311) is exposed, the inner pipe seeps water into the inner box from the inside to the outside, the sand and soil settlement information in the inner box is collected through the data acquisition system, the cavity generated by the leakage of the inner pipe is grouted and repaired through the grouting system, and the grouting and repair process is recorded in real time through the image acquisition device (500). In the external seepage simulation experiment, the first inlet branch (110) is closed, the first outlet branch (120) is kept connected, the second inlet branch (130) and the second outlet branch (140) are connected to the external seepage tank, the filter holes on the external seepage side filter plate (320) between the inner box (303) and the external seepage tank (302) are exposed, the adjusting sleeve (312) is rotated until the corresponding leakage port (313) on the inner pipe (311) is exposed, water is injected into the external seepage tank (302) through the second inlet branch (130), the sand in the inner box seeps into the inner pipe from the outside to the inside through the leakage port of the inner pipe, the sand settlement information in the inner box and the water flow of the first outlet branch (120) are collected by the data acquisition system, the voids generated at the leakage point of the inner pipe are grouted and repaired by the grouting system, and the grouting and repair process is recorded in real time by the image acquisition device (500).

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