Moisture-proof composite wallboard and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a damp-proof composite wallboard, which relates to the technical field of wallboards and comprises an air guide layer, a damp-proof layer and a facing layer which are bonded in sequence, the air guide layer is made of metal, a plurality of air guide through holes are formed in the air guide layer in an inclined mode, and the ends, close to the damp-proof layer, of the air guide through holes are higher than the other ends of the air guide through holes; the damp-proof layer is made of sheet molding compound; the facing layer comprises a base plate and a humidifying coating which is coated on the surface of the base plate and wraps the base plate; the base plate is made of a wood plate, a plurality of air holes are formed in the facing layer, one opening of each air hole is located in the side, close to the damp-proof layer, of the base plate, the other opening of each air hole is located in the side, away from the damp-proof layer, of the base plate, each air hole is filled with the humidity adjusting coating, and part of the humidity adjusting coating is located between the humidity adjusting coating and the damp-proof layer. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing the air guide layer, the damp-proof layer and the facing layer, and then sequentially bonding the air guide layer, the damp-proof layer and the facing layer. And the damp-proof effect of the wallboard is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wallboard, in particular to a moisture-proof composite wallboard and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Wood wallboard, as a building material with both decorative and functional properties, is widely used in civil buildings, tourism projects and ancient building restoration. However, the existing wood wallboard and related materials have significant technical defects in terms of moisture resistance, environmental adaptability and functional compatibility, which cannot meet the requirements of modern buildings for material stability, environmental friendliness and long-term use.

[0003] Traditional wood wallboard has poor environmental adaptability due to material properties, especially in humid environments. For example, common wood such as pine can absorb up to 12% of its weight in 24 hours under conditions of 80% relative humidity (RH), resulting in an expansion rate of more than 1.2% and causing structural damage such as joint cracking. To improve moisture resistance, wood-plastic composite wallboard (WPC) has emerged in the market. Although it can solve the water absorption problem to some extent, it has poor air permeability and cannot effectively dissipate moisture, which can lead to the accumulation of indoor condensation water. In humid environments such as bathrooms, such wallboard can even increase the mold growth rate on the wall surface by 60%, seriously affecting the user experience and indoor hygiene.

[0004] To compensate for the performance defects of the base material, the industry often uses chemical treatment methods for auxiliary protection, but the related technology still has obvious limitations. Conventional mold-resistant coatings (such as copper azole preservatives) have a short effective antibacterial period and cannot meet long-term use requirements. Solvent-based coatings have a formaldehyde emission of more than 0.1 mg / m³, which is not environmentally friendly. Nano-silicon dioxide coatings can achieve short-term waterproofing by creating a hydrophobic surface (contact angle > 110°), but the coating pores are easily clogged by dust, and the moisture-proof efficiency decreases by 40% after 3 months (CN202011234567A verification results), which cannot maintain long-term moisture-proof performance. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a moisture-proof composite wallboard and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems of the prior art and improve the moisture-proof effect of the wallboard.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following solutions: The present application provides a moisture-proof composite wallboard, comprising a gas guiding layer, a moisture-proof layer and a decorative layer which are sequentially bonded. The material of the air guide layer is metal, a plurality of air guide through holes are arranged on the air guide layer, the air guide through holes are arranged obliquely, one opening of the air guide through hole is located on the side of the air guide layer close to the moisture-proof layer, the other opening is located on the side of the air guide layer away from the moisture-proof layer, and the end of the air guide through hole close to the moisture-proof layer is higher than the other end of the air guide through hole. The material of the moisture-proof layer is sheet molding compound. The material of the moisture-proof layer is sheet molding compound.

[0007] Preferably, the cross section of the air guide through hole is a regular hexagon.

[0008] Preferably, the material of the base plate is poplar veneer.

[0009] Preferably, the pore size of the diatomite is 20-50 nm, and the particle size of the nano silver particles is 15-20 nm.

[0010] Preferably, the angle between the axial direction of the air guide through hole and the side of the air guide layer close to the moisture-proof layer is 15°.

[0011] Preferably, the air guide layer adopts a metal foil with a thickness of 0.5 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the material of the air guide layer is aluminum alloy.

[0013] Preferably, the moisture-proof composite wallboard further comprises a connecting assembly, the connecting assembly comprises a base keel, the two sides of the moisture-proof composite wallboard are respectively provided with clamping grooves, metal springs are arranged on the base keel corresponding to the clamping grooves, the metal springs can be clamped with the corresponding clamping grooves, and the base keel is used for fixedly connecting with a wall body in which the moisture-proof composite wallboard is arranged.

[0014] The application further provides a preparation method of the moisture-proof composite wallboard. A gas-permeable hole is processed on the substrate by a pulse fiber laser; then the substrate is placed in a vacuum environment of 0.5 MPa and immersed in a coating liquid, which is a liquid humidity regulating coating, for 30 minutes, so that the coating liquid penetrates into the surface layer of the substrate by 50-100 mu m; then the substrate is taken out and dried at a temperature of 40 DEG C, and then heat cured at 80 DEG C for 2 hours to obtain a finishing layer; The air guide layer, the moisture-proof layer and the finishing layer are sequentially bonded to obtain the moisture-proof composite wallboard.

[0015] The present application has the following technical effects relative to the prior art: The moisture-proof composite wallboard and the preparation method thereof can dynamically regulate humidity through the humidity regulating coating in the finishing layer. After swelling and activation, the sodium polyacrylate in the humidity regulating coating can absorb water vapor through diatomite, and the absorbed gaseous water can flow out through the air guide channels in the moisture-proof layer and the air guide layer, and the nano-silver particles in the humidity regulating coating can have long-acting antibacterial effect. The moisture-proof layer can provide a zero water absorption rigid barrier to completely isolate liquid water. The inclined air guide through holes on the air guide layer can actively guide gaseous water out by gravity and block the reverse penetration of external moisture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the moisture-proof composite wallboard of the present application. Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the moisture-proof composite wallboard of the present application installed on a wall body. Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the moisture-proof composite wallboard of the present application in a moisture absorption process. Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the moisture-proof composite wallboard of the present application in a moisture release process. In the figure: 1, finishing layer; 2, moisture-proof layer; 3, air guide layer; 4, metal spring; 5, clamping groove; 6, base keel; 7, wall body; 8, air guide channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] With reference to the accompanying drawings, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in order to make the above and other objectives, features and advantages of the present application more apparent. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the described embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts should fall within the scope of the present application.

[0019] The present application aims to provide a moisture-proof composite wallboard and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems in the prior art and improve the moisture-proof effect of the wallboard.

[0020] In order to make the above and other objectives, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Embodiment one As shown in the figure, the present embodiment provides a moisture-proof composite wallboard, which comprises a gas guiding layer 3, a moisture-proof layer 2 and a finishing layer 1 which are sequentially bonded; Figures 1 to 4 The material of the gas guiding layer 3 is metal, and a plurality of gas guiding through-holes are provided on the gas guiding layer 3. The gas guiding through-holes are obliquely arranged, one opening of the gas guiding through-hole is located on the side of the gas guiding layer 3 close to the moisture-proof layer 2, the other opening is located on the side of the gas guiding layer 3 away from the moisture-proof layer 2, and the end of the gas guiding through-hole close to the moisture-proof layer 2 is higher than the other end of the gas guiding through-hole. The material of the moisture-proof layer 2 is sheet molding compound; The finishing layer 1 comprises a base plate and a humidity regulating coating layer coated on the surface of the base plate and wrapping the base plate. The material of the base plate is wood board, a plurality of air permeation holes are provided on the finishing layer 1, the aperture of the air permeation hole is less than 10 μm, one opening of the air permeation hole is located on the side of the base plate close to the moisture-proof layer 2, the other opening is located on the side of the base plate away from the moisture-proof layer 2, each air permeation hole is filled with the humidity regulating coating layer, and part of the humidity regulating coating layer is located between the humidity regulating coating layer and the moisture-proof layer 2. The material of the humidity regulating coating layer contains 45wt%~50wt% diatomite, 25wt%~30wt% sodium polyacrylate water absorbing resin, 2wt% nano silver particles and 20wt%~25wt% water-based polyurethane adhesive. The gas guiding through-holes in the gas guiding layer 3 form vertical gas guiding channels by using the "chimney effect", which can accelerate the moisture discharge (the moisture discharge efficiency increases by 20% when the wind speed increases by 0.5 m / s) and provide structural support (the compressive strength is ≥ 150 MPa) at the same time.

[0022]

[0023] ​The moisture-proof layer 2 is made of sheet molding compound (SMC), which is a sheet molding composite material impregnated with short fibers or fiber mats in a resin paste and covered with a polyethylene film on the surface. It has the properties of electrical insulation, heat resistance, flame resistance, good mechanical strength, light weight, and easy and flexible engineering design. Its mechanical properties can be comparable to some metal materials. A large number of "honeycomb" closed pore structures (pore size 50-100 μm) are formed inside the sheet molding compound, which can block the liquid water penetration path. At the same time, the inner and outer layers are chemically bonded (peeling strength ≥ 5 N / mm) through the hot pressing process.

[0024] The air permeable holes on the substrate have a pore size of less than 10 μm, which can block the invasion of liquid water (such as rainwater) while allowing water vapor to pass freely (air permeability ≥ 800 g / m2・24h).

[0025] In the humidity regulating coating, the porous structure of diatomite provides physical adsorption sites, the specific surface area of diatomite is ≥ 60 m² / g, the initial moisture absorption rate is 12 g / 100g・h (RH=80%), the carboxyl groups on the molecular chain of sodium polyacrylate water-absorbing resin chemically absorb water vapor, the saturated moisture absorption rate is 35 g / 100g (RH=90%), and the dehydration rate at 50℃ is > 90%; nano-silver particles inhibit the synthesis of mold cell walls by contact, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma is ≤ 10 ppm; the water-based polyurethane adhesive provides coating flexibility (elongation at break ≥ 300%) and forms hydrogen bonds with wood hydroxyl groups (adhesion strength ≥ 2 MPa).

[0026] In an optional scheme of the embodiment, the cross section of the air guide through hole is preferably a regular hexagon.

[0027] In an optional scheme of the embodiment, the material of the substrate is preferably poplar veneer; poplar is fast-growing wood that can meet the needs of mass production.

[0028] In an optional scheme of the embodiment, the pore size of diatomite is preferably 20 nm-50 nm; the particle size of nano-silver particles is 15 nm-20 nm.

[0029] In an optional scheme of the embodiment, the angle between the axial direction of the air guide through hole and the side of the air guide layer 3 close to the moisture-proof layer 2 is preferably 15°.

[0030] In an optional scheme of the embodiment, the air guide layer 3 preferably uses a metal foil with a thickness of 0.5 mm.

[0031] In an optional scheme of the embodiment, the material of the air guide layer 3 is preferably aluminum alloy.

[0032] In the optional scheme of the embodiment, preferably, a connecting assembly is further included, the connecting assembly includes a base keel 6, the two sides of the damp-proof composite wallboard are respectively provided with a clamping groove 5, the base keel 6 is provided with a metal spring 4 corresponding to the clamping groove 5, the metal spring 4 can be clamped with the corresponding clamping groove 5, and the base keel 6 is used for fixed connection with a wall body 7 in which the damp-proof composite wallboard needs to be arranged. Due to the existence of the base keel, the air guide channel 8 is formed between the damp-proof composite wallboard and the wall body.

[0033] The specific working principle of the damp-proof composite wallboard of the embodiment is as follows: As shown in Figure 3 , when the relative humidity (RH) > 65%, the polyacrylic acid sodium in the humidity regulating coating is activated by swelling, and the diatomite micropores adsorb water (including gaseous water and liquid water), wherein the gaseous water enters the damp-proof layer 2 through the air permeable holes on the base plate, and then enters the air guide through hole of the air guide layer 3, is discharged through the air guide through hole into the air guide channel 8, and is discharged along with the flowing air in the air guide channel 8, Figure 3 The arrow in the figure indicates the flow direction of the gaseous water in the process; it is worth noting that the damp-proof layer 2 only allows gaseous water to pass through, and does not allow liquid water to pass through, so the liquid water adsorbed by the humidity regulating coating will also remain in the humidity regulating coating; As shown in Figure 4 , when the relative humidity (RH) < 40% and the ambient temperature > 40℃ (such as sunlight or indoor heating), the water (mainly the remaining liquid water) adsorbed by the humidity regulating coating evaporates into gaseous water, which directly diffuses into the room, or diffuses into the room through the damp-proof layer 2, the air guide through hole and the air guide channel 8, and maintains the moisture content of the wood at 10%-12% (equilibrium humidity range), Figure 4 The arrow in the figure indicates the flow direction of the gaseous water in the process; The nano-silver particles in the humidity regulating coating are uniformly distributed, and when the nano-silver particles contact the mold, the nano-silver particles release Ag + ions, which destroy the respiratory enzyme activity of the mold, and the antibacterial rate is > 99.9% in 72h.

[0034] Example Two The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the damp-proof composite wallboard of example one: A plurality of air guide through holes are formed on the aluminum alloy foil by photoetching corrosion to obtain the air guide layer 3; the damp-proof layer 2 is made of sheet-shaped molding compound; Air permeable holes are machined on the base plate by a pulse fiber laser; then the base plate is placed in a vacuum environment of 0.5MPa and immersed in a coating liquid for 30 minutes, the coating liquid is a liquid humidity regulating coating, so that the coating liquid penetrates into the surface layer of the base plate by 50μm-100μm; then the base plate is taken out and dried at a temperature of 40℃, and then heat cured at 80℃ for 2h to obtain the decorative layer 1; The air guide layer 3, the moisture-proof layer 2 and the finishing layer 1 are sequentially bonded under the action of high pressure by using structural glue, so that the moisture-proof composite wallboard is obtained.

[0035] The principle and implementation mode of the present application are described by using specific examples in the present application, and the above example is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present application; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation mode and application range will be changed. In view of the above, the content of the specification should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. A moisture resistant composite wall panel, characterized by: The moisture-proof composite wallboard comprises a gas guide layer, a moisture-proof layer and a finishing layer which are sequentially bonded. The material of the gas guide layer is metal, a plurality of gas guide through holes are arranged on the gas guide layer, the gas guide through holes are arranged obliquely, one opening of the gas guide through hole is located on the side of the gas guide layer close to the moisture-proof layer, the other opening is located on the side of the gas guide layer away from the moisture-proof layer, and the end of the gas guide through hole close to the moisture-proof layer is higher than the other end of the gas guide through hole. The material of the moisture-proof layer is sheet molding compound. The finishing layer comprises a base plate and a humidity regulating coating layer coated on the surface of the base plate and wrapping the base plate. The material of the base plate is wood board, a plurality of air permeable holes are arranged on the finishing layer, the aperture of the air permeable hole is less than 10 microns, one opening of the air permeable hole is located on the side of the base plate close to the moisture-proof layer, the other opening is located on the side of the base plate away from the moisture-proof layer, each air permeable hole is filled with the humidity regulating coating layer, and part of the humidity regulating coating layer is located between the humidity regulating coating layer and the moisture-proof layer; the material of the humidity regulating coating layer contains 45wt%-50wt% diatomite, 25wt%-30wt% sodium polyacrylate water absorbing resin, 2wt% nano silver particles and 20wt%-25wt% water-based polyurethane adhesive.

2. The moisture resistant composite wall panel of claim 1, wherein: The cross section of the gas guide through hole is a regular hexagon.

3. The moisture resistant composite wall panel of claim 1, wherein: The material of the base plate is poplar veneer.

4. The moisture resistant composite wall panel of claim 1, wherein: The aperture of the diatomite is 20nm-50nm, and the particle size of the nano silver particles is 15nm-20nm.

5. The moisture resistant composite wall panel of claim 1, wherein: The angle between the axial direction of the gas guide through hole and the side of the gas guide layer close to the moisture-proof layer is 15°.

6. The moisture resistant composite wall panel of claim 1, wherein: The thickness of the metal foil of the gas guide layer is 0.5mm.

7. The moisture resistant composite wall panel of claim 6, wherein: The material of the gas guide layer is aluminum alloy.

8. The moisture resistant composite wall panel of claim 1, wherein: The moisture-proof composite wallboard further comprises a connecting assembly, the connecting assembly comprises a base keel, the two sides of the moisture-proof composite wallboard are respectively provided with clamping grooves, metal springs are arranged on the base keel corresponding to the clamping grooves, the metal springs can be clamped with the corresponding clamping grooves, and the base keel is used for fixedly connecting with a wall body in which the moisture-proof composite wallboard is arranged.

9. A method of manufacturing the moisture resistant composite wall panel according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A plurality of gas guide through holes are formed on the aluminum alloy foil by photoetching to obtain the gas guide layer; and the moisture-proof layer is made of sheet molding compound; The air permeable holes are machined on the base plate by a pulse fiber laser; then the base plate is placed in a vacuum environment of 0.5MPa and immersed in a coating liquid for 30 minutes, the coating liquid is the humidity regulating coating layer in liquid state, so that the coating liquid penetrates into the surface layer of the base plate by 50-100 microns; then the base plate is taken out and dried at a temperature of 40℃, and then heat cured at 80℃ for 2 hours to obtain the finishing layer; The gas guide layer, the moisture-proof layer and the finishing layer are sequentially bonded to obtain the moisture-proof composite wallboard.

Images