High-precision crankshaft testing device and testing method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of crankshaft inspection technology, and more particularly to an inspection device and method for high-precision crankshafts. The inspection device includes: a mounting mechanism, a drive mechanism, and at least two inspection mechanisms. The mounting mechanism is installed at the center of the spindle end face of a grinding machine headstock. The drive mechanism is installed on the grinding machine headstock. The high-precision crankshaft to be inspected is located within the drive mechanism and abuts against the inspection mechanisms. The drive mechanism drives the inspection mechanisms to move along the Y-axis direction for the inspection of the high-precision crankshaft. This invention simplifies the inspection steps of high-precision crankshafts through online inspection, thereby improving the inspection efficiency. Furthermore, online inspection eliminates the need to disassemble the high-precision crankshaft, further improving inspection efficiency. Simultaneously, the use of two or more inspection mechanisms allows for the simultaneous inspection of the outer diameter and eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft, further enhancing the inspection efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crankshaft testing technology, and in particular to a high-precision crankshaft testing device and testing method. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of cycloidal reducers for robots, high-precision crankshafts have higher precision requirements than traditional engine crankshafts. To avoid the impact of accumulated errors on the robot's operational accuracy, the manufacturing precision of high-precision crankshafts directly determines the performance, efficiency, and reliability of the cycloidal reducer. With the continuous increase in the performance requirements of powertrains in modern industrial technology, the form and position tolerances and surface quality standards in the manufacturing process of high-precision crankshafts are becoming increasingly stringent. In addition to the diameter and cylindricity of high-precision crankshafts, the requirements for the phase angle and eccentricity difference between eccentric circles are also increasing. Precision grinding, as a decisive process in the finishing of high-precision crankshafts, is the core means to meet these high-standard machining requirements due to its high precision, high efficiency, and high flexibility.

[0003] However, in the current actual production process of high-precision crankshaft grinding, the following shortcomings still exist:

[0004] 1. For high-precision grinding of crankshaft main journals and connecting rod journals, the precision and dynamic response performance of the CNC grinding machine itself are the prerequisites for ensuring the final machining quality. This process not only requires the grinding machine to have extremely high static geometric accuracy, but also requires it to have beneficial linkage accuracy and motion stability at high speeds on the X-axis and Z-axis feed axes.

[0005] 2. For high-precision crankshafts with eccentric structures (e.g., connecting rod journals, cycloidal reducers), the dimensional and geometric tolerance control during the grinding process is particularly complex. To ensure quality, the inspection of high-precision crankshafts is carried out offline and offline machine inspection, usually using a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) for comprehensive inspection. However, this inspection method not only disrupts the continuity of production, but also significantly reduces the overall processing efficiency. Furthermore, the frequent workpiece clamping and handling introduce the risk of secondary damage and loss of measurement reference. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing production technologies, the applicant provides a high-precision crankshaft testing device and method. By improving the high-precision crankshaft testing method, online testing of high-precision crankshafts can be achieved, simplifying the testing steps and improving the testing efficiency. Furthermore, since online testing does not require disassembling the high-precision crankshaft, the testing efficiency is further improved.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0008] A high-precision crankshaft inspection device includes: a mounting mechanism, a drive mechanism, and at least two inspection mechanisms. The mounting mechanism is installed at the center of the spindle end face of a grinding machine headstock. The drive mechanism is installed on the grinding machine headstock. The high-precision crankshaft to be inspected is located within the drive mechanism and abuts against the inspection mechanisms. The drive mechanism is used to drive the inspection mechanisms to move along the Y-axis direction for inspecting the high-precision crankshaft. Specifically: when the inspection mechanism abuts against the outer diameter of the high-precision crankshaft, it inspects the outer diameter of the high-precision crankshaft; and / or, when the inspection mechanism abuts against the eccentric portion of the high-precision crankshaft, it inspects the eccentric portion of the high-precision crankshaft.

[0009] Therefore, the entire testing device is installed at the center of the spindle end face of the grinding machine headstock and on the grinding machine headstock via the installation mechanism and drive mechanism, respectively, to perform online testing of high-precision crankshafts. Compared with the existing testing method of disassembling the high-precision crankshaft and performing offline testing, this method has a simpler structure and is easier to operate. Online testing simplifies the testing steps for high-precision crankshafts, thereby improving testing efficiency. In addition, since online testing does not require disassembling the high-precision crankshaft, the testing efficiency is further improved. At the same time, by using two or more testing mechanisms, the outer diameter and eccentric diameter of the high-precision crankshaft can be tested simultaneously, enabling simultaneous testing of different areas of the high-precision crankshaft, further improving testing efficiency, and achieving full coverage of the high-precision crankshaft grinding process.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the detection mechanism includes two first detection elements, a second detection element, and a third detection element. The detection end of the first detection element faces the high-precision crankshaft along the X-axis. The second detection element is used to detect the rotation angle of the contact portion around the Y-axis. The detection end of the third detection element faces the high-precision crankshaft along the Z-axis. The contact portion abuts against the high-precision crankshaft. Thus, the cooperation of the two first detection elements and the second detection element can determine whether the entire detection device is accurately installed (i.e., to judge the detection accuracy of the entire detection device), ensuring accurate installation of the entire detection device and further improving the detection accuracy of the high-precision crankshaft.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the detection mechanism further includes: a first slider, the first slider being connected to the driving end of the driving mechanism, the driving mechanism being used to drive the first slider to move along the Y-axis direction; a third detection element being installed inside the first slider, with the detection end of the third detection element facing the abutment portion; a mounting block being embedded inside the first slider, the first detection element being installed on the side of the mounting block near the abutment portion, with the detection end of the first detection element facing the abutment portion; an arc-shaped groove being formed in the first slider, the second detection element being embedded in the arc-shaped groove, one end of the abutment portion being inserted into the arc-shaped groove and rotatably connected to the first slider, and the other end of the abutment portion being connected to the driving end of the driving mechanism.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the detection mechanism includes: a first sliding part, which passes through the first slider and is slidably connected to the first slider; both ends of the first sliding part abut against the detection end of the first detection element and the upper end of the abutting part, respectively; the first sliding part includes: a first abutting rod, a sliding rod, and a first spring; both ends of the first abutting rod abut against the detection end of the first detection element and the upper end of the abutting part, respectively; the sliding rod is mounted on the first slider; the first abutting rod passes through the sliding rod and is slidably connected to the sliding rod; the first spring is sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod, and the... The first spring has two ends connected to the first slider and the first abutment rod, respectively. The detection mechanism further includes a second sliding part, which is embedded in the arc-shaped groove and rotatably connected to the first slider. The two ends of the second sliding part are connected to the first slider and the upper end of the abutment part, respectively. The second sliding part includes a second spring and a second slider, both of which are embedded in the arc-shaped groove. The two ends of the second spring are connected to the first slider and the second slider, respectively. The second slider is rotatably connected to the first slider and connected to the upper end of the abutment part. Thus, because the first spring and the second spring have a certain degree of elasticity, the entire detection device can adapt to different models of high-precision crankshafts and different detection areas of the high-precision crankshaft (e.g., outer circle stop, eccentric stop), that is, the detection end of the first detection piece, the first abutment rod, the second abutment rod, and the high-precision crankshaft always abut against each other in sequence.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the abutting part includes: a second abutting rod and a third abutting rod, the second abutting rod is connected to the third abutting rod, the side of the first abutting rod away from the first detection element abuts against the side of the second abutting rod away from the third abutting rod, the upper and lower ends of the second abutting rod are respectively connected to the second slider and the driving end of the driving mechanism, and the side of the third abutting rod away from the second abutting rod abuts against the high-precision crankshaft to be tested; wherein: the cross-sectional shape of the third abutting rod is triangular.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the driving mechanism includes a fixed frame, a driving component, a threaded rod, and a fixed rod. The fixed frame is mounted on the grinding headstock, and the high-precision crankshaft to be tested is located inside the fixed frame. The driving component is connected to the fixed frame, the threaded rod passes through the fixed frame and is rotatably connected to the fixed frame, the driving end of the driving component is connected to the threaded rod, the testing mechanism is located inside the fixed frame and is slidably connected to the fixed frame, the testing mechanism passes through the threaded rod and is threadedly connected to the threaded rod, the fixed rod is connected to the fixed frame, and the testing mechanism passes through the fixed rod and is slidably connected to the fixed rod.

[0015] A testing method for a high-precision crankshaft testing device includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. Install the mounting mechanism at the center of the spindle end face of the grinding machine headstock, install the drive mechanism on the grinding machine headstock, and ensure that the mounting mechanism is in a horizontal state;

[0017] S2. The installation mechanism and the drive mechanism are tested by the testing mechanism. If the test results meet the requirements and the outer diameter of the high-precision crankshaft is tested, then S3 is executed. If the test results meet the requirements and the eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft is tested, then S4 is executed. If the test results do not meet the requirements, then return to S1 and adjust the installation mechanism, the drive mechanism and the testing mechanism until the test results meet the requirements, and then execute S3 or S4.

[0018] S3. The outer diameter of the high-precision crankshaft is inspected using the aforementioned detection mechanism to obtain the diameter of the outer diameter of the high-precision crankshaft. Cylindricity of high-precision crankshaft outer diameter section ;

[0019] S4. The detection mechanism is used to detect the first and second eccentric sections of the high-precision crankshaft to obtain the diameter of the first eccentric section of the high-precision crankshaft. Cylindricity of the first eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft 1. Eccentricity of the first eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft The diameter of the second eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft Cylindricity of the second eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft eccentricity of the second eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft Phase angle between two eccentric positions of a high-precision crankshaft Phase angle between high-precision crankshaft outer cylindrical stop and first eccentric stop Phase angle between the high-precision crankshaft outer cylindrical stop and the second eccentric stop .

[0020] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, step S2 includes the following steps:

[0021] S2-1. Obtain the distance between the two first detection components at their relative contact points in the X-axis direction. , ;

[0022] S2-2, if If the test result meets the requirements, then if the outer diameter of the high-precision crankshaft is being tested, then execute S3; if the eccentric diameter of the high-precision crankshaft is being tested, then execute S4. If the test result does not meet the requirements, the installation mechanism, the drive mechanism, the first abutment rod, and the second spring are adjusted until... Then execute S3 or S4;

[0023] And / or, S2 includes the following steps:

[0024] S2-A, Obtain the distance from the two first detection elements to the abutment portion in the X-axis direction. , The rotation angle of the abutment part about the Y-axis direction When the detection end of the first detection element irradiates the distance between the location point of the second abutment rod and the upper end of the second abutment rod, the distance is... When the detection end of the other first detection element irradiates the distance between the location point of the second abutment rod and the upper end of the second abutment rod, the distance is... And calculate the angle between the second abutment rod and the X-axis. , ;

[0025] S2-B, if and If the test result meets the requirements, then if the outer diameter of the high-precision crankshaft is being tested, then execute S3; if the eccentric diameter of the high-precision crankshaft is being tested, then execute S4. or If the test result does not meet the requirements, the installation mechanism, the drive mechanism, the first abutment rod, and the second spring shall be adjusted until... and Then execute S3 or S4;

[0026] Wherein: In S2-A, the angle between the second abutment rod and the X-axis is... The calculation formula is:

[0027] ;

[0028] The angle between the second abutment rod and the X-axis The calculation formula is:

[0029] .

[0030] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, step S3 includes the following steps:

[0031] S3-1. Abut the third abutting rod against the outer diameter of the high-precision crankshaft to be tested;

[0032] S3-2, The detection mechanism is driven by the drive mechanism to move along the Y-axis in the high-precision crankshaft outer circular section area;

[0033] S3-3. The diameter of the high-precision crankshaft outer diameter is obtained by detecting the third inspection component. ;

[0034] S3-4. Obtain the spindle speed Spindle time The distance from the high-precision crankshaft rotation center to the contact part With the assistance of the first testing component, the cylindricity of the high-precision crankshaft outer cylindrical section was calculated. ;

[0035] And / or, S3 includes the following steps:

[0036] S3-A, Obtain the spindle speed Spindle time The distance from the center of the high-precision crankshaft to the abutment part And, with the cooperation of the first detection component, the diameter of the high-precision crankshaft outer diameter stop is calculated. Cylindricity of high-precision crankshaft outer diameter section .

[0037] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: In S3-3, the diameter of the high-precision crankshaft outer diameter section... The expression is:

[0038] ;

[0039] In S3-4, the distance between the rotation center of the high-precision crankshaft outer cylindrical stop and the side of the third abutment rod closest to the second abutment rod. The calculation formula is:

[0040] or ;

[0041] According to time To periodically read data from the first, second, and third detection components, the polar coordinates of each detection point on each detection circle of the high-precision crankshaft outer circular section are determined. or The expression is:

[0042] or ;

[0043] Polar coordinates of each detection point on each detection circle of the high-precision crankshaft outer circular section. or Converted to Cartesian coordinates of each detection point on each detection circle of the high-precision crankshaft outer diameter section. The expression is:

[0044] or ;

[0045] The formula for calculating the circle is:

[0046] ;

[0047] The solution is calculated based on the detected points, and the solution process is as follows:

[0048] set up Then the expression for each detection circle is:

[0049] ;

[0050] Constructing a matrix The Behavior: ,vector The Behavior: ;

[0051] and utilize The coordinates of the center of each detection circle were calculated. ;

[0052] High-precision crankshaft outer diameter gauge, each roundness measurement The calculation formula is:

[0053] ;

[0054] High-precision crankshaft outer diameter maximum roundness The calculation formula is:

[0055] ;

[0056] Minimum roundness of high-precision crankshaft outer diameter gauge The calculation formula is:

[0057] ;

[0058] High-precision crankshaft outer cylindrical section cylindricity The calculation formula is:

[0059] ;

[0060] This indicates the number of times the high-precision crankshaft outer diameter section has been inspected. This indicates the coordinates of the center of each detection circle on the high-precision crankshaft outer circular bearing. This indicates the radius of each detection circle in the high-precision crankshaft outer diameter section;

[0061] In S3-A, the high-precision crankshaft outer diameter... The calculation formula is:

[0062] ;

[0063] Cylindricity of high-precision crankshaft outer cylindrical section The calculation method is the same as S3-2 above.

[0064] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, step S4 includes the following steps:

[0065] S4-1. Abut the third abutting rod against the first eccentric stop or the first eccentric stop of the high-precision crankshaft to be tested;

[0066] S4-2. The detection mechanism is driven by the drive mechanism to move along the Y-axis in the first eccentric region of the high-precision crankshaft or in the first eccentric region.

[0067] S4-3. Obtain the spindle speed Spindle time With the cooperation of the first testing component, the first and second eccentric sections of the high-precision crankshaft are calculated and tested to obtain the diameter of the first eccentric section of the high-precision crankshaft. Cylindricity of the first eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft 1. Eccentricity of the first eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft The diameter of the second eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft Cylindricity of the second eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft eccentricity of the second eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft Phase angle between two eccentric positions of a high-precision crankshaft Phase angle between high-precision crankshaft outer cylindrical stop and first eccentric stop Phase angle between the high-precision crankshaft outer cylindrical stop and the second eccentric stop .

[0068] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: In S4-3, the diameter of the first eccentric stop of the high-precision crankshaft... Cylindricity of the first eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft The diameter of the second eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft Cylindricity of the second eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft The calculation method is the same as S3-A above; when testing the first eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft, let the rotation angle of the contact part detected by the second testing component around the Y-axis be denoted. The minimum value is The minimum value The corresponding time is And taking that moment as the starting moment, then The high-precision crankshaft first eccentric setting rotation angle is always in line with the rotation angle. The calculation formula is:

[0069] ;

[0070] High-precision crankshaft first eccentric setting eccentricity The calculation formula is:

[0071] or ;

[0072] When inspecting the second eccentricity of a high-precision crankshaft, let the rotation angle of the contact portion around the Y-axis detected by the second detection element be... The minimum value is The minimum value The corresponding time is And taking that moment as the starting moment, then The high-precision crankshaft second eccentric setting rotation angle is always in line with the target. The calculation formula is:

[0073] ;

[0074] High-precision crankshaft second eccentricity setting eccentricity The calculation formula is:

[0075] or ;

[0076] During phase angle detection, coordinate equations for the first and second eccentric settings are established, and the minimum reading of the third detection element in the first eccentric setting is obtained. Obtain the minimum value of the reading of the third detection element corresponding to the second eccentric setting. ;

[0077] First eccentric gear rotation angle The calculation formula is:

[0078] ;

[0079] First eccentric gear rotation angle The calculation formula is:

[0080] ;

[0081] First eccentric gear rotation angle The calculation formula is:

[0082] ;

[0083] First eccentric gear rotation angle The calculation formula is:

[0084] ;

[0085] The phase angle between the two eccentric stops of the high-precision crankshaft Phase angle between high-precision crankshaft outer cylindrical stop and first eccentric stop Phase angle between the high-precision crankshaft outer cylindrical stop and the second eccentric stop ;

[0086] in: This indicates the number of times the high-precision crankshaft has been checked in the first eccentric setting. This indicates the number of times the high-precision crankshaft's second eccentric setting has been tested.

[0087] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0088] This invention mounts the entire testing device at the center of the spindle end face of the grinding machine headstock and on the grinding machine headstock via an installation mechanism and a drive mechanism, respectively, to perform online testing of high-precision crankshafts. Compared to existing testing methods that require disassembling the high-precision crankshaft for offline testing, this method is simpler in structure and easier to operate. Online testing simplifies the testing steps for high-precision crankshafts, thereby improving testing efficiency. Furthermore, online testing eliminates the need to disassemble the high-precision crankshaft, further enhancing testing efficiency. Simultaneously, the use of two or more testing mechanisms allows for the simultaneous testing of the outer diameter and eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft, enabling simultaneous testing of different areas and further improving testing efficiency. It also achieves full coverage of the high-precision crankshaft grinding process.

[0089] The present invention also includes the following advantages:

[0090] 1. This invention, through the cooperation of two first and second detection components, can determine whether the entire detection device is accurately installed (i.e., to judge the detection accuracy of the entire detection device), thereby ensuring the accurate installation of the entire detection device and further improving the detection accuracy of high-precision crankshafts.

[0091] 2. In this invention, the first spring and the second spring have a certain degree of elasticity, so that the entire detection device can adapt to different models of high-precision crankshafts and different detection areas of the high-precision crankshafts (e.g., outer circle stop, eccentric stop), that is, the detection end of the first detection piece, the first abutting rod, the second abutting rod, and the high-precision crankshaft always abut against each other in sequence. Attached Figure Description

[0092] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the high-precision crankshaft detection device of the present invention;

[0093] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0094] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the testing mechanism of the present invention;

[0095] Figure 4 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of the drive mechanism of the present invention;

[0096] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism of the present invention from a second perspective;

[0097] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing frame of the present invention;

[0098] Figure 7 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the present invention;

[0099] Figure 8 This is a second-view structural schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the present invention;

[0100] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the contact portion of the present invention;

[0101] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of the detection method of the high-precision crankshaft detection device of the present invention;

[0102] Figure 11 This is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the first detection element, the third detection element, and the high-precision crankshaft of the present invention.

[0103] Figure 12 This is a top view of the high-precision crankshaft of the present invention.

[0104] Among them: 1. Installation mechanism;

[0105] 101. Positioning seat; 102. V-shaped baffle; 103. First locking element; 104. Second locking element;

[0106] 2. Drive mechanism;

[0107] 201. Fixing frame; 202. Driving component; 203. Threaded rod; 204. Fixing rod; 205. Flexible baffle;

[0108] 3. Testing institutions;

[0109] 301. First inspection component; 302. Second inspection component; 303. Third inspection component; 304. Abutting part; 3041. Second abutting rod; 3042. Third abutting rod; 305. First slider; 3051. Mounting block; 3052. Arc-shaped slide groove; 306. First sliding part; 3061. First abutting rod; 3062. Slide rod; 3063. First spring; 307. Second sliding part; 3071. Second spring; 3072. Second slider. Detailed Implementation

[0110] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0111] like Figures 1 to 9As shown, a high-precision crankshaft testing device includes: a mounting mechanism 1, a driving mechanism 2, and at least two testing mechanisms 3. The mounting mechanism 1 is installed at the center of the spindle end face of the grinding machine headstock. The driving mechanism 2 is installed on the grinding machine headstock. The high-precision crankshaft to be tested is located inside the driving mechanism 2 and abuts against the testing mechanisms 3. The driving mechanism 2 is used to drive the testing mechanisms 3 to move along the Y-axis direction. The testing mechanisms 3 are used for testing the high-precision crankshaft. Specifically: when the testing mechanism 3 abuts against the outer diameter of the high-precision crankshaft, it performs testing on the outer diameter of the high-precision crankshaft; and / or, when the testing mechanism 3 abuts against the eccentric portion of the high-precision crankshaft, it performs testing on the eccentric portion of the high-precision crankshaft. Therefore, the entire testing device is installed at the center of the spindle end face of the grinding machine headstock and on the grinding machine headstock respectively through the installation mechanism 1 and the drive mechanism 2, so as to perform online testing of high-precision crankshafts. Compared with the existing testing method of disassembling the high-precision crankshaft and performing offline testing, this method has a simple structure and is easy to operate. Online testing simplifies the testing steps of high-precision crankshafts, thereby improving the testing efficiency. In addition, since online testing does not require disassembling the high-precision crankshaft, the testing efficiency is improved (that is, it can effectively improve the continuity of the production process and reduce secondary damage and loss of measurement reference caused by frequent clamping and handling of high-precision crankshafts during offline testing, thereby significantly improving the processing efficiency of the entire manufacturing-testing process of high-precision crankshafts). At the same time, through two or more testing mechanisms 3, the outer diameter and eccentric diameter of the high-precision crankshaft can be tested simultaneously to achieve simultaneous testing of different areas of the high-precision crankshaft, thereby further improving the testing efficiency of high-precision crankshafts and achieving full coverage of the high-precision crankshaft grinding process.

[0112] In other words, the entire testing device can be directly mounted on the grinding headstock, with a reasonable layout and no movement interference with the grinding wheel, other workpieces, or other moving parts. The entire testing action can be automatically completed within the natural intervals of the high-precision crankshaft machining cycle, enabling real-time online monitoring of the high-precision crankshaft machining process. Moreover, it does not require moving the high-precision crankshaft out of the machining station or interrupting the normal grinding process, thereby maximizing the protection of the original rhythm and continuity of the production line and achieving a high degree of unity between high-precision crankshaft testing and efficient production.

[0113] In other words, this application completely eliminates the cumbersome trial cutting process of repeatedly unloading, measuring with three coordinates, and then re-installing and adjusting high-precision crankshafts in traditional production. Operators no longer need to frequently load and unload high-precision crankshafts and manually measure for process debugging, saving a lot of auxiliary time, greatly shortening the production preparation time and changeover adjustment time of high-precision crankshafts, and improving the overall utilization rate of equipment. It is especially suitable for flexible production modes with multiple varieties and small batches.

[0114] Specifically, such as Figure 7 , 8 As shown, the mounting mechanism 1 includes: a positioning seat 101, a V-shaped baffle 102, a first locking element 103 (e.g., a bolt), and a second locking element 104 (e.g., a bolt). The positioning seat 101 is installed at the center of the end face of the grinding machine headstock spindle to ensure that the rotation reference of the entire detection device is concentric with the grinding machine spindle. The V-shaped baffle 102 is embedded in the positioning seat 101 and slidably connected to the positioning seat 101, and is locked to the positioning seat 101 by the first locking element 103. The second locking element 104 passes through the positioning seat 101 and is threadedly connected to the positioning seat 101, and is arranged opposite to the V-shaped baffle 102. The V-shaped baffle 102 can radially limit a certain main journal or balance block of the high-precision crankshaft in the axial direction. By rotating the second locking member 104, the relative position between the second locking member 104 and the positioning seat 101 can be precisely adjusted to apply a controllable and flexible axial preload to the high-precision crankshaft. Through the cooperation between the V-shaped baffle 102 and the second locking member 104, the eccentric chip torque generated during grinding can be effectively counteracted without compromising the accuracy of the high-precision crankshaft inspection, preventing the high-precision main spindle to be inspected from rotating, and ensuring that the machining and inspection process of the high-precision crankshaft remains stable.

[0115] The detection mechanism 3 includes: two first detection elements 301, a second detection element 302, a third detection element 303, a first slider 305, a first sliding part 306, and a second sliding part 307. The detection end of the first detection element 301 faces the high-precision crankshaft along the X-axis. The second detection element 302 is used to detect the rotation angle of the abutment part 304 around the Y-axis. The detection end of the third detection element 303 faces the high-precision crankshaft along the Z-axis. The abutment part 304 abuts against the high-precision crankshaft. The first slider 305 is connected to the driving end of the driving mechanism 2. The driving mechanism 2 is used to drive the first slider 305 to move along the Y-axis. The third detection element 303 is installed inside the first slider 305. The detection end of the third detection element 303 faces the abutment portion 304; the first slider 305 is embedded with a mounting block 3051, the first detection element 301 is mounted on the side of the mounting block 3051 near the abutment portion 304, and the detection end of the first detection element 301 faces the abutment portion 304; the first slider 305 has an arc-shaped groove 3052, the second detection element 302 is embedded in the arc-shaped groove 3052, one end of the abutment portion 304 is inserted into the arc-shaped groove 3052 and is rotatably connected to the first slider 305, the other end of the abutment portion 304 is connected to the driving end of the driving mechanism 2, the first sliding portion 306 passes through the first slider 305 and is slidably connected to the first slider 305, the first sliding portion 306... The two ends of the first sliding part 3061 abut against the detection end of the first detection element 301 and the upper end of the abutment part 304, respectively. The second sliding part 307 is embedded in the arc-shaped sliding groove 3052 and is rotatably connected to the first slider 305. The two ends of the second sliding part 307 are connected to the first slider 305 and the upper end of the abutment part 304, respectively. The abutment part 304 includes a second abutment rod 3041 and a third abutment rod 3042. The second abutment rod 3041 is connected to the third abutment rod 3042. The side of the first abutment rod 3061 away from the first detection element 301 abuts against the side of the second abutment rod 3041 away from the third abutment rod 3042. The upper and lower ends of the second abutment rod 3041 are connected to the second slider 3072 and the drive... The drive end of mechanism 2 is connected, and the side of the third abutment rod 3042 away from the second abutment rod 3041 abuts against the high-precision crankshaft to be tested; the first sliding part 306 includes: the first abutment rod 3061, the slide rod 3062 and the first spring 3063. The two ends of the first abutment rod 3061 abut against the detection end of the first detection piece 301 and the upper end of the abutment part 304, respectively. The slide rod 3062 is installed on the first slider 305. The first abutment rod 3061 passes through the slide rod 3062 and is slidably connected to the slide rod 3062. The first spring 3063 is sleeved on the outside of the slide rod 3062, and the two ends of the first spring 3063 are connected to the first slider 305 and the first abutment rod 3061, respectively.The second sliding part 307 includes: a second spring 3071 and a second slider 3072. The second spring 3071 and the second slider 3072 are both embedded in the arc-shaped sliding groove 3052. The two ends of the second spring 3071 are respectively connected to the first slider 305 and the second slider 3072. The second slider 3072 is rotatably connected to the first slider 305. The second slider 3072 is connected to the upper end of the abutment part 304. The cross-sectional shape of the third abutment rod 3042 is triangular. Therefore, the cooperation between the two first detection elements 301 and the second detection element 302 can determine whether the entire detection device is accurately installed (i.e., to judge the detection accuracy of the entire detection device), ensuring accurate installation and further improving the detection accuracy of the high-precision crankshaft (i.e., the first detection elements 301 and the second detection elements 302 can not only serve as detection elements for the high-precision crankshaft, but also as detection elements to determine whether the entire detection device is ready for installation). Because the first spring 3063 and the second spring 3071 have a certain degree of flexibility, the entire detection device adapts to different models of high-precision crankshafts and different detection areas of the high-precision crankshaft (e.g., outer diameter stop, eccentric stop), meaning that the detection end of the first detection element 301, the first abutment rod 3061, the second abutment rod 3041, and the high-precision crankshaft always abut against each other in sequence.

[0116] It should be noted that:

[0117] 1. The first detection element 301 is elastically connected to the mounting block 3051. During use, the first detection element 301 can adaptively extend and retract relative to the mounting block 3051, so as to ensure that the detection end of the first detection element 301 is always in contact with the first abutting rod 3061.

[0118] Second, the third detection element 303 is elastically connected to the first slider 305. During use, the third detection element 303 can adaptively extend and retract relative to the first slider 305, so as to ensure that the detection end of the third detection element 303 is always in contact with the high-precision crankshaft.

[0119] III. Figure 9 As shown, the triangular cross-sectional shape of the third abutment rod 3042 means that the cross-sectional shape of the third abutment rod 3042 along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the second abutment rod 3041 is triangular. The third abutment rod 3042 with this triangular cross-sectional shape has surface A, surface B, and surface C. Surface A is connected to the side of the second abutment rod 3041 away from the first detection piece 301. Surface A is connected to surface B and abuts against surface C. The high-precision crankshaft abuts against the intersection line of surface B and surface C. In addition, the third abutment rod 3042 with this triangular cross-sectional shape can also reduce the horizontal impact generated by the cutting fluid during the high-precision crankshaft machining process.

[0120] For example, the first detection element 301 uses a probe, the second detection element 302 uses a swivel circular grating, and the third detection element 303 uses a probe.

[0121] The drive mechanism 2 includes: a fixed frame 201, a drive component 202, a threaded rod 203, and a fixed rod 204. The fixed frame 201 is mounted on the headstock of the grinding machine. The high-precision crankshaft to be tested is located inside the fixed frame 201. The drive component 202 is connected to the fixed frame 201. The threaded rod 203 passes through the fixed frame 201 and is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 201. The drive end of the drive component 202 is connected to the threaded rod 203. The detection mechanism 3 is located inside the fixed frame 201 and is slidably connected to the fixed frame 201. The detection mechanism 3 passes through the threaded rod 203 and is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 203. The fixed rod 204 is connected to the fixed frame 201. The detection mechanism 3 passes through the fixed rod 204 and is slidably connected to the fixed rod 204. Specifically, the fixed frame 201 provides a stable mounting position for the drive component 202, which can smoothly transmit the torque and vibration generated during the operation of the drive component 202 to the fixed frame 201, thereby isolating the drive component 202 from motion interference in the high-precision crankshaft precision measurement; the number of drive components 202 and the number of threaded rods 203 are equal to the number of detection mechanisms 3. Each drive component 202 can only drive one detection mechanism 3 to move along the Y-axis direction, so as to realize the opposing motion of each detection mechanism 3, thereby realizing the independent detection of each detection area (i.e., outer circle section, eccentric section) of the high-precision crankshaft.

[0122] It should be noted that the drive mechanism 2 also includes a flexible baffle 205, which is mounted on the fixed frame 201. The flexible baffle 205 can block the cutting fluid splashed by the high-speed rotation of the grinding machine during the high-precision crankshaft machining process, thereby reducing the detection error caused by the vibration of the first detection piece 301 and the third detection piece 303 due to impact.

[0123] For example, the drive unit 202 uses a motor.

[0124] like Figures 10 to 12 As shown, a testing method for a high-precision crankshaft testing device includes the following steps:

[0125] S1. Install the mounting mechanism 1 at the center of the spindle end face of the grinding machine headstock, install the drive mechanism 2 on the grinding machine headstock, and make the mounting mechanism 1 horizontal.

[0126] S2. The installation mechanism 1 and the drive mechanism 2 are tested by the detection mechanism 3. If the test results meet the requirements and the outer diameter of the high-precision crankshaft is tested, then S3 is executed. If the test results meet the requirements and the eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft is tested, then S4 is executed. If the test results do not meet the requirements, then return to S1 and adjust the installation mechanism 1, the drive mechanism 2 and the detection mechanism 3 until the test results meet the requirements, then execute S3 or S4.

[0127] S3. Use the testing mechanism 3 to test the outer diameter of the high-precision crankshaft to obtain the diameter of the outer diameter of the high-precision crankshaft. Cylindricity of high-precision crankshaft outer diameter section ;

[0128] S4. Use the testing mechanism 3 to test the first and second eccentric sections of the high-precision crankshaft to obtain the diameter of the first eccentric section of the high-precision crankshaft. Cylindricity of the first eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft 1. Eccentricity of the first eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft The diameter of the second eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft Cylindricity of the second eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft eccentricity of the second eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft Phase angle between two eccentric positions of a high-precision crankshaft Phase angle between high-precision crankshaft outer cylindrical stop and first eccentric stop Phase angle between the high-precision crankshaft outer cylindrical stop and the second eccentric stop .

[0129] It should be noted that: the installation mechanism 1 being in a horizontal state means that the second locking element 104 is parallel to the X-axis.

[0130] It should be noted that the high-precision crankshaft, as a key component of the cycloidal reducer in robots, has a reduction ratio that is directly related to the motion accuracy of the cycloidal reducer. Furthermore, since most robots are currently articulated robots (including multiple reduction gears), the cumulative accuracy means that improving the overall motion accuracy of the robot requires increasing the average accuracy error of each cycloidal reducer. Since a cycloidal reducer includes multiple high-precision crankshafts, the manufacturing precision of each individual high-precision crankshaft needs to be improved. The determination of the high-precision crankshaft transmission ratio includes considering the diameter (the diameter primarily affects the accuracy of the cycloidal reducer's transmission ratio, which in turn affects the overall sealing performance of the cycloidal reducer, thus reducing...). The lifespan of a cycloidal reducer is affected by several factors. For example, if there is a large error in the diameter, a high-precision crankshaft may experience problems such as seizing and burning. Cylindricity and eccentricity (both primarily affect the smoothness and efficiency of the power transmission process in the cycloidal reducer; furthermore, poor cylindricity can cause incomplete contact during rotation, leading to vibration and abnormal noise in the cycloidal reducer. It can also disrupt rotational balance, cause uneven oil film pressure inside the cycloidal reducer, wear on the inner groove of the cycloidal reducer, and reduce mechanical efficiency), and phase angle (primarily affects transmission accuracy; when the difference between the actual and theoretical phase angle is large, it can easily cause a significant deviation in the reduction ratio of the cycloidal reducer).

[0131] In this embodiment, S2 includes the following steps:

[0132] S2-1. Obtain the distance between the two first detection elements 301 and their relative contact points 304 in the X-axis direction. , ;

[0133] S2-2, if If the test result meets the requirements, then if the outer diameter of the high-precision crankshaft is being tested, then execute S3; if the eccentric diameter of the high-precision crankshaft is being tested, then execute S4. If the test results do not meet the requirements, the installation mechanism 1, drive mechanism 2, first abutment rod 3061, and second spring 3071 shall be adjusted until... Then execute S3 or S4;

[0134] And / or, S2 includes the following steps:

[0135] S2-A, Obtain the distance from the two first detection elements 301 to the contact portion 304 in the X-axis direction. , The rotation angle of the contact part 304 around the Y-axis When the detection end of the first detection element 301 illuminates the location point of the second abutment rod 3041, the distance between the location point and the upper end of the second abutment rod 3041 is... When the detection end of the other first detection element 301 illuminates the location point of the second abutment rod 3041, the distance between the location point and the upper end of the second abutment rod 3041 is... And the angle between the second abutment rod 3041 and the X-axis was calculated. , ;

[0136] S2-B, if and If the test result meets the requirements, then if the outer diameter of the high-precision crankshaft is being tested, then execute S3; if the eccentric diameter of the high-precision crankshaft is being tested, then execute S4. or If the test results do not meet the requirements, the installation mechanism 1, drive mechanism 2, first abutment rod 3061, and second spring 3071 shall be adjusted until... and Then execute S3 or S4;

[0137] Wherein: In S2-A, the angle between the second abutment rod 3041 and the X-axis. The calculation formula is:

[0138] ;

[0139] The angle between the second abutment rod 3041 and the X-axis The calculation formula is:

[0140] .

[0141] It should be noted that:

[0142] I. For example Figure 12 As shown, the distance between a first detection element 301 and the contact portion 304 in the X-axis direction. This refers to: the distance in the X-axis direction between the detection end of the first detection element 301 and the second abutment rod 3041 (i.e., the effective projection distance of the second abutment rod 3041 in the X-axis direction), and the distance of the other first detection element 301 relative to the abutment portion 304 in the X-axis direction. This refers to the distance between the detection end of the first detection element 301 and the second abutment rod 3041 in the X-axis direction (i.e., the effective projection distance of the second abutment rod 3041 in the X-axis direction).

[0143] Second, the first contact rod 3061 is negligible during the entire high-precision crankshaft testing process.

[0144] In this embodiment, S3 includes the following steps:

[0145] S3-1. Abut the third abutting rod 3042 against the outer diameter stop of the high-precision crankshaft to be tested;

[0146] S3-2, Drive mechanism 2 drives detection mechanism 3 to move along the Y-axis in the high-precision crankshaft outer circle area;

[0147] S3-3, The diameter of the high-precision crankshaft outer diameter is obtained by detecting the third detection component 303. ;

[0148] S3-4. Obtain the spindle speed Spindle time The distance from the high-precision crankshaft rotation center to the contact part 304 With the cooperation of the first testing component 301, the cylindricity of the high-precision crankshaft outer diameter is calculated. ;

[0149] And / or, S3 includes the following steps:

[0150] S3-A, Obtain the spindle speed Spindle time The distance from the center of the high-precision crankshaft to the contact part 304 With the cooperation of the first detection component 301, the diameter of the high-precision crankshaft outer diameter is calculated. Cylindricity of high-precision crankshaft outer diameter section ;

[0151] In S3-3, the diameter of the high-precision crankshaft outer diameter section The expression is:

[0152] ;

[0153] In S3-4, the distance between the rotation center of the high-precision crankshaft outer cylindrical stop and the side of the third abutment rod 3042 closest to the second abutment rod 3041. The calculation formula is:

[0154] or ;

[0155] According to time To periodically read data from two detection components 301, 302, and 303, the polar coordinates of each detection point on each detection circle of the high-precision crankshaft outer circular section are determined. or The expression is:

[0156] or ;

[0157] Polar coordinates of each detection point on each detection circle of the high-precision crankshaft outer circular section. or Converted to Cartesian coordinates of each detection point on each detection circle of the high-precision crankshaft outer diameter section. The expression is:

[0158] or ;

[0159] The formula for calculating the circle is:

[0160] ;

[0161] The solution is calculated based on the detected points, and the solution process is as follows:

[0162] set up Then the expression for each detection circle is:

[0163] ;

[0164] Constructing a matrix The Behavior: ,vector The Behavior: ;

[0165] and utilize The coordinates of the center of each detection circle were calculated. ;

[0166] High-precision crankshaft outer diameter gauge, each roundness measurement The calculation formula is:

[0167] ;

[0168] High-precision crankshaft outer diameter maximum roundness The calculation formula is:

[0169] ;

[0170] Minimum roundness of high-precision crankshaft outer diameter gauge The calculation formula is:

[0171] ;

[0172] High-precision crankshaft outer cylindrical section cylindricity The calculation formula is:

[0173] ;

[0174] This indicates the number of times the high-precision crankshaft outer diameter section has been inspected. This indicates the coordinates of the center of each detection circle on the high-precision crankshaft outer circular bearing. This indicates the radius of each detection circle in the high-precision crankshaft outer diameter section;

[0175] In S3-A, the high-precision crankshaft outer diameter... The calculation formula is:

[0176] ;

[0177] Cylindricity of high-precision crankshaft outer cylindrical section The calculation method is the same as S3-2 above.

[0178] It should be noted that: such as Figure 12 As shown, the distance from the high-precision crankshaft rotation center to the contact part 304 is... This refers to the shortest distance from the high-precision crankshaft rotation center to the intersection line of the B and C surfaces of the third abutment rod 3042. (i.e., vertical distance) ).

[0179] In this embodiment, S4 includes the following steps:

[0180] S4-1. Abut the third abutting rod 3042 against the first eccentric stop or the first eccentric stop of the high-precision crankshaft to be tested;

[0181] S4-2, Drive the detection mechanism 3 to move along the Y-axis in the first eccentric region of the high-precision crankshaft or in the first eccentric region via the drive mechanism 2;

[0182] S4-3. Obtain the spindle speed Spindle time And, with the cooperation of the first detection component 301, the first eccentricity and the second eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft are calculated and detected to obtain the diameter of the first eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft. Cylindricity of the first eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft 1. Eccentricity of the first eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft The diameter of the second eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft Cylindricity of the second eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft eccentricity of the second eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft Phase angle between two eccentric positions of a high-precision crankshaft Phase angle between high-precision crankshaft outer cylindrical stop and first eccentric stop Phase angle between the high-precision crankshaft outer cylindrical stop and the second eccentric stop ;

[0183] In S4-3, the diameter of the first eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft Cylindricity of the first eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft The diameter of the second eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft Cylindricity of the second eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft The calculation method is the same as S3-A above;

[0184] When inspecting the first eccentricity of a high-precision crankshaft, the rotation angle of the contact portion 304 detected by the second detection element 302 around the Y-axis is set. The minimum value is The minimum value The corresponding time is And taking that moment as the starting moment, then The high-precision crankshaft first eccentric setting rotation angle is always in line with the rotation angle. The calculation formula is:

[0185] ;

[0186] High-precision crankshaft first eccentric setting eccentricity The calculation formula is:

[0187] or ;

[0188] When inspecting the second eccentricity of a high-precision crankshaft, the rotation angle of the contact portion 304 detected by the second detection element 302 around the Y-axis is assumed to be... The minimum value is The minimum value The corresponding time is And taking that moment as the starting moment, then The high-precision crankshaft second eccentric setting rotation angle is always in line with the target. The calculation formula is:

[0189] ;

[0190] High-precision crankshaft second eccentricity setting eccentricity The calculation formula is:

[0191] or ;

[0192] During the phase angle detection process, coordinate equations for the first and second eccentric sections are established, and the minimum reading of the third detection element 303 in the first eccentric section is obtained. Obtain the minimum reading corresponding to the third detection element 303 in the second eccentric setting. ;

[0193] First eccentric gear rotation angle The calculation formula is:

[0194] ;

[0195] First eccentric gear rotation angle The calculation formula is:

[0196] ;

[0197] First eccentric gear rotation angle The calculation formula is:

[0198] ;

[0199] First eccentric gear rotation angle The calculation formula is:

[0200] ;

[0201] The phase angle between the two eccentric stops of the high-precision crankshaft Phase angle between high-precision crankshaft outer cylindrical stop and first eccentric stop Phase angle between the high-precision crankshaft outer cylindrical stop and the second eccentric stop ;in: This indicates the number of times the high-precision crankshaft has been checked in the first eccentric setting. This indicates the number of times the high-precision crankshaft's second eccentric setting has been tested.

[0202] It should be noted that the cylindricity of the first eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft... Cylindricity of the second eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft The method of expressing polar and Cartesian coordinates for each detection point in the calculation method is related to the cylindricity of the high-precision crankshaft outer cylindrical section. The polar coordinates and Cartesian coordinates of each detection point are expressed in different ways;

[0203] Among them: according to time To periodically read data from two detection components 301, 302, and 303, the polar coordinates of each detection point on each detection circle of the first eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft are determined. or The expression is:

[0204] or ;

[0205] Polar coordinates of each detection point on each detection circle of the first eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft or Converted to Cartesian coordinates of each detection point on each detection circle of the first eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft. The expression is:

[0206] or ;

[0207] According to time To periodically read data from two detection components 301, 302, and 303, the polar coordinates of each detection point on each detection circle of the high-precision crankshaft's second eccentric setting are then determined. or The expression is:

[0208] or ;

[0209] The polar coordinates of each detection point on each detection circle of the high-precision crankshaft's second eccentric setting are determined. or Converted to Cartesian coordinates of each detection point on each detection circle of the first eccentric setting of the high-precision crankshaft. The expression is:

[0210] or .

[0211] It should be noted that: included angle Angle All data are obtained through detection elements on the headstock of the grinding machine (not shown in the figure, such as an angle sensor).

[0212] In summary, this invention uses the mounting mechanism 1 and the driving mechanism 2 to install the entire detection device at the center of the spindle end face of the grinding machine headstock and on the grinding machine headstock, respectively, to perform online detection of high-precision crankshafts. Compared with the existing detection method that requires disassembling the high-precision spindle for offline detection, this method has a simpler structure and is easier to operate. Online detection simplifies the detection steps of high-precision crankshafts, thereby improving the detection efficiency. Furthermore, since online detection does not require disassembling the high-precision crankshaft, the detection efficiency is further improved. At the same time, with two or more detection mechanisms 3, the outer diameter and eccentric diameter of the high-precision crankshaft can be detected simultaneously, enabling simultaneous detection of different areas of the high-precision crankshaft, further improving the detection efficiency, and achieving full coverage of the high-precision crankshaft grinding process.

[0213] The above description is an explanation of the present invention and not a limitation thereof. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Within the scope of protection of the present invention, any form of modification may be made.

Claims

1. A high-precision crankshaft testing device, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a high-precision crankshaft detection device, including: Mounting mechanism (1) is installed at the center position of the grinder headstock end surface, Drive mechanism (2) and at least two detection mechanisms (3), the drive mechanism (2) is installed on the grinder headstock, the high-precision crankshaft to be detected is located in the drive mechanism (2), and the detection mechanism (3) is abutted, the drive mechanism (2) is used to drive the detection mechanism (3) to move along the Y axis direction to carry out the detection work of high-precision crankshaft, Wherein: when the detection mechanism (3) and the outer circle of high-precision crankshaft abut, the detection work of the outer circle of high-precision crankshaft is carried out, And / or, when the detection mechanism (3) and the eccentricity of high-precision crankshaft abut, the detection work of the eccentricity of high-precision crankshaft is carried out, The detection mechanism (3) includes: Two first detection members (301), a second detection member (302), and a third detection member (303), a detection end of the first detection member (301) facing the high-precision crankshaft in the X-axis direction, the second detection member (302) being configured to detect a rotation angle of the abutting portion (304) around the Y-axis direction , and a detection end of the third detection member (303) facing the high-precision crankshaft in the Z-axis direction The abutment portion (304) is abutted with high-precision crankshaft, The detection mechanism (3) further includes: First sliding block (305), the first sliding block (305) is connected with the drive end of drive mechanism (2), and the drive mechanism (2) is used to drive the first sliding block (305) to move along the Y axis direction, the third detection piece (303) is installed in the first sliding block (305), and the detection end of the third detection piece (303) is towards the abutment portion (304), The first sliding block (305) is inlaid with mounting block (3051), the first detection piece (301) is installed on the side of mounting block (3051) close to the abutment portion (304), and the detection end of the first detection piece (301) is towards the abutment portion (304), The first sliding block (305) is provided with arc-shaped sliding slot (3052), the second detection piece (302) is inlaid in the arc-shaped sliding slot (3052), one end of the abutment portion (304) is inserted into the arc-shaped sliding slot (3052), and the abutment portion (304) is rotatably connected with the first sliding block (305), the other end of the abutment portion (304) is connected with the drive end of drive mechanism (2).

2. The high-precision crankshaft detection apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The detection mechanism (3) includes: First sliding portion (306), the first sliding portion (306) penetrates the first sliding block (305) and is slidably connected with the first sliding block (305), and the two ends of the first sliding portion (306) are respectively abutted with the detection end of the first detection piece (301) and the upper end of the abutment portion (304); The first sliding portion (306) includes: A first abutting rod (3061), a sliding rod (3062) and a first spring (3063), two ends of the first abutting rod (3061) abut with a detection end of the first detection piece (301) and an upper end of the abutting part (304) respectively, the sliding rod (3062) is installed on the first sliding block (305), the first abutting rod (3061) penetrates through the sliding rod (3062) and is in sliding connection with the sliding rod (3062), the first spring (3063) is sleeved outside the sliding rod (3062), and two ends of the first spring (3063) are connected with the first sliding block (305) and the first abutting rod (3061) respectively; The detection mechanism (3) further comprises: A second sliding part (307), the second sliding part (307) is embedded in the arc-shaped sliding groove (3052) and is in rotating connection with the first sliding block (305), and two ends of the second sliding part (307) are connected with the first sliding block (305) and an upper end of the abutting part (304) respectively; The second sliding part (307) comprises: A second spring (3071) and a second sliding block (3072), the second spring (3071) and the second sliding block (3072) are both embedded in the arc-shaped sliding groove (3052), two ends of the second spring (3071) are connected with the first sliding block (305) and the second sliding block (3072) respectively, the second sliding block (3072) is in rotating connection with the first sliding block (305), and the second sliding block (3072) is connected with the upper end of the abutting part (304).

3. The high-precision crankshaft detection apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by: The abutting part (304) comprises: A second abutting rod (3041) and a third abutting rod (3042), the second abutting rod (3041) is connected with the third abutting rod (3042), a side of the first abutting rod (3061) away from the first detection piece (301) abuts with a side of the second abutting rod (3041) away from the third abutting rod (3042), upper and lower ends of the second abutting rod (3041) are connected with the second sliding block (3072) and a driving end of the driving mechanism (2) respectively, and a side of the third abutting rod (3042) away from the second abutting rod (3041) abuts with a high-precision crankshaft to be detected; Wherein: the cross-sectional shape of the third abutting rod (3042) is triangular.

4. The high-precision crankshaft detection apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The driving mechanism (2) comprises: The fixed frame (201), the driving part (202), the threaded rod (203) and the fixed rod (204), the fixed frame (201) is installed on the headstock of the grinding machine, the high-precision crankshaft to be detected is located in the fixed frame (201), the driving part (202) is connected with the fixed frame (201), the threaded rod (203) penetrates the fixed frame (201) and is rotationally connected with the fixed frame (201), the driving end of the driving part (202) is connected with the threaded rod (203), the detection mechanism (3) is located in the fixed frame (201) and is slidably connected with the fixed frame (201), the detection mechanism (3) penetrates the threaded rod (203) and is threadedly connected with the threaded rod (203), the fixed rod (204) is connected with the fixed frame (201), the detection mechanism (3) penetrates the fixed rod (204) and is slidably connected with the fixed rod (204).

5. A method of inspecting a high-precision crankshaft according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by: It comprises the following steps: S1, the installation mechanism (1) is installed at the center position of the end face of the main shaft of the headstock of the grinding machine, the driving mechanism (2) is installed on the headstock of the grinding machine, and the installation mechanism (1) is in a horizontal state; S2, the installation mechanism (1) and the driving mechanism (2) are detected by the detection mechanism (3), if the detection result meets the requirements and the outer circle of the high-precision crankshaft is detected, S3 is executed, if the detection result meets the requirements and the eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft is detected, S4 is executed, if the detection result does not meet the requirements, S1 is returned, the installation mechanism (1), the driving mechanism (2) and the detection mechanism (3) are adjusted, and then S3 or S4 is executed after the detection result meets the requirements; S3, using the detection mechanism (3) to detect the outer circle pitch of the high-precision crankshaft to obtain the diameter of the outer circle pitch of the high-precision crankshaft , the cylindricity of the outer circle pitch of the high-precision crankshaft ; S4, detecting the first eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft and the second eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft by using the detection mechanism (3) to obtain the diameter of the first eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft , the cylindricity of the first eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft , the eccentricity of the first eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft , the diameter of the second eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft , the cylindricity of the second eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft , the eccentricity of the second eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft , the phase angle between the two eccentricities of the high-precision crankshaft , the phase angle between the outer circle and the first eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft , the phase angle between the outer circle and the second eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft .

6. The detection method of the high-precision crankshaft detection apparatus according to claim 5, characterized by: The S2 comprises the following steps: S2-1, acquire the distance between the two first detection members (301) relative to the abutting portion (304) in the X-axis direction , ; S2-2, if , the detection result is qualified, if the outer circle of the high-precision crankshaft is detected, S3 is executed, if the eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft is detected, S4 is executed, if , the detection result is unqualified, the mounting mechanism (1), the driving mechanism (2), the first abutting rod (3061) and the second spring (3071) are adjusted until , then S3 or S4 is executed again; And / or, the S2 comprises the following steps: S2-A, obtaining the distance from the two first detection members (301) to the abutting portion (304) in the X-axis direction , , the rotation angle of the abutting portion (304) around the Y-axis direction , when the detection end of one of the first detection members (301) irradiates the position point of the second abutting rod (3041) and the distance between the upper end of the second abutting rod (3041) is , when the detection end of another of the first detection members (301) irradiates the position point of the second abutting rod (3041) and the distance between the upper end of the second abutting rod (3041) is , and the included angle between the second abutting rod (3041) and the X-axis is calculated , ; S2-B, if and , the detection result is qualified, if the outer circle of the high-precision crankshaft is detected, S3 is executed, if the eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft is detected, S4 is executed, if or , the detection result is unqualified, the mounting mechanism (1), the driving mechanism (2), the first abutting rod (3061) and the second spring (3071) are adjusted until and , then S3 or S4 is executed again; Wherein: in S2-A, the included angle between the second abutment rod (3041) and the X axis The calculation formula is: ； An included angle between the second abutting rod (3041) and the X axis The calculation formula is: 。 7. The detection method of the high-precision crankshaft detection apparatus according to claim 5, characterized by: The S3 comprises the following steps: S3-1, the third abutting rod (3042) is abutted with the outer circle of the high-precision crankshaft to be detected; S3-2, the detection mechanism (3) is driven by the driving mechanism (2) to move along the Y axis in the outer circle area of the high-precision crankshaft; S3-3, detecting the diameter of the high-precision outer circle of the crankshaft by the third detecting member (303) ; S3-4, acquiring the rotating speed of the main shaft , the time of the main shaft , the distance from the high-precision crankshaft rotation center to the abutting portion (304) , and under the cooperation of the first detection member (301), the cylindricity of the high-precision crankshaft outer circle is calculated ; And / or, the S3 comprises the following steps: S3-A, acquiring the rotation speed of the main shaft , the time of the main shaft , the distance from the center of the high-precision crankshaft to the abutting portion (304) , and under the cooperation of the first detection member (301), the diameter of the high-precision crankshaft outer circle is calculated , the cylindricity of the high-precision crankshaft outer circle .

8. The detection method of the high-precision crankshaft detection apparatus according to claim 7, characterized by: In S3-3, the diameter of the high-precision outer circle of the crankshaft is expressed by the expression: ； In S3-4, the distance between the high-precision crankshaft outer circle groove rotation center and the third abutting rod (3042) close to the second abutting rod (3041) side The calculation formula is: or ; According to time For the cycle to read two said first detection piece (301), the second detection piece (302), the third detection piece (303) data, high-precision crankshaft outer circle each detection circle on each detection point polar coordinates Or Expression: or ; Polar coordinates of each detection point on each detection circle of the high-precision crankshaft outer circular section. or Converted to Cartesian coordinates of each detection point on each detection circle of the high-precision crankshaft outer diameter section. The expression is: or ; According to the calculation formula of the circle: ； According to the detected point position, the solving process is as follows: Let The expression for each detection circle is then: ； Constructing a matrix of the first behavior: , a vector of the first behavior: ; And use The center coordinates of each detection circle are calculated ; High-precision crankshaft outer circle profile each detection circle roundness The calculation formula is: ； High-precision crankshaft outer circle profile maximum roundness The calculation formula is: ； High-precision minimum roundness of outer circle of crankshaft The calculation formula is: ； High-precision crankshaft outer cylindrical section cylindricity The calculation formula is: ； the number of detections indicating the high-precision outer circle of the crankshaft, the coordinates of the center of each detection circle of the high-precision outer circle of the crankshaft, the radius of each detection circle of the high-precision outer circle of the crankshaft; In S3-A, the high-precision outer circle diameter of the crankshaft is calculated The calculation formula is: ； High precision cylindricity of crankshaft outer circle The calculation method is the same as above S3-2.

9. The detection method of the high-precision crankshaft detection apparatus according to claim 5, characterized by: The S4 comprises the following steps: S4-1, the third abutting rod (3042) is abutted with the first eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft to be detected or the first eccentricity; S4-2, the detection mechanism (3) is driven by the driving mechanism (2) to move along the Y axis in the first eccentricity area of the high-precision crankshaft or the first eccentricity area; S4-3, acquiring the rotation speed of the main shaft , the time of the main shaft , and under the cooperation of the first detection member (301), the first eccentricity and the second eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft are calculated and detected to obtain the diameter of the first eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft , the cylindricity of the first eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft , the eccentricity of the first eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft , the diameter of the second eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft , the cylindricity of the second eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft , the eccentricity of the second eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft , the phase angle between the two eccentricities of the high-precision crankshaft , the phase angle between the outer circle and the first eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft , the phase angle between the outer circle and the second eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft .

10. The detection method of the high-precision crankshaft detection apparatus according to claim 9, characterized by: In S4-3, the diameter of the high-precision crankshaft first eccentric , the cylindricity of the high-precision crankshaft first eccentric , the diameter of the high-precision crankshaft second eccentric , the cylindricity of the high-precision crankshaft second eccentric The calculation method is the same as S3-A above; When testing the first eccentricity of a high-precision crankshaft, the rotation angle of the contact portion (304) detected by the second detection element (302) around the Y-axis is set. The minimum value is The minimum value The corresponding time is and with If the time is the starting time, then The high-precision crankshaft first eccentric setting rotation angle is always in line with the rotation angle. The calculation formula is: ； High-precision crankshaft first eccentric gear eccentricity The calculation formula is: or ; When testing the second eccentricity of a high-precision crankshaft, let the rotation angle of the abutment portion (304) detected by the second detection element (302) around the Y-axis be denoted as follows. The minimum value is The minimum value The corresponding time is and with If the time is the starting time, then The high-precision crankshaft second eccentric setting rotation angle is always in line with the target. The calculation formula is: ； High-precision second eccentricity of crankshaft The calculation formula is: or ; In the process of phase angle detection, the coordinate equations of the first eccentricity file and the second eccentricity file are established, the first eccentricity file third detection piece (303) reading minimum value corresponding to , the third detection piece (303) reading minimum value corresponding to of the second eccentricity file is obtained; The first eccentric gear rotation angle The calculation formula is: ； The first eccentric gear rotation angle The calculation formula is: ； The first eccentric gear rotation angle The calculation formula is: ； The first eccentric gear rotation angle The calculation formula is: ； the phase angle between the two eccentricity profiles of the high-precision crankshaft the phase angle between the outer circle profile and the first eccentricity profile of the high-precision crankshaft the phase angle between the outer circle profile and the second eccentricity profile of the high-precision crankshaft ; wherein: represents the number of detections of the first eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft, represents the number of detections of the second eccentricity of the high-precision crankshaft.

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