Thermo-optical tuning photonic crystal topology hysteretic system, photonic crystal and thermal regulation and control assembly preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermo-optical tuning photonic crystal topological hysteretic system, a photonic crystal and a preparation method and application of a thermal regulation and control assembly. The thermo-optic adjustable photonic crystal structure is composed of a periodic silicon nanorod array deposited on a vanadium dioxide (VO2) film, nanorods can generate a C point (circular polarization singular point) or a V point (polarization vortex singular point) in a reflection or transmission spectrum through symmetric design, and vector complex numerical value optical response under thermal cycle modulation is achieved. The thermal regulation and control assembly can apply periodic temperature change of 20-80 DEG C, and a thermo-optical hysteresis effect is induced by virtue of thermally induced phase change of VO2; the optical measurement system can detect polarization state evolution in real time, reconstruct a vector hysteretic loop on a Poincare sphere, and realize accumulation and switching of non-trivialness topological charges. The system breaks through the limitation that traditional scalar thermal hysteresis cannot accommodate topological charges, topological hysteresis is realized in an optical system for the first time, and a feasible platform is provided for applications such as nonvolatile topological optical storage, neuromorphic calculation and time-space topological physical research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the interdisciplinary field of thermo-optical photonics and topological physics, and in particular to the fabrication methods and applications of thermo-optical tunable photonic crystal topological hysteresis systems, photonic crystals and thermally modulated components. Background Technology

[0002] The realization of singularities in traditional photonic crystals relies on periodic structural units, making it difficult to manipulate and reconstruct electromagnetic waves in real space using a single structure. Furthermore, periodic structures require high fabrication precision, and singularities are susceptible to instability due to structural perturbations. Additionally, existing singularities typically possess only two-dimensional properties such as polarization vortices, singularities, and phase singularities in parameter space, limiting their development into three-dimensional space and restricting the exploration and application of high-dimensional topological properties. There is an urgent need for a design capable of independent manipulation and reconstruction of electromagnetic waves at the unit cell level, thereby enabling the controllable generation, reconstruction, and application of three-dimensional topological singularities through a single object.

[0003] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only for understanding the background of this application, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the aforementioned background technology and provide a thermo-optically tunable photonic crystal topological hysteresis system, a method for preparing photonic crystals and thermally modulated components, and their applications.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A thermo-optically tunable photonic crystal topological hysteresis system includes:

[0007] A thermo-optically tunable photonic crystal structure is used to generate a vector complex-valued optical response under thermal cycling modulation. The photonic crystal structure consists of a periodic array of silicon nanopillars deposited on a vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin film. The nanopillars have a symmetrical structure and are used to generate C-point or V-point polarization singularities in the reflection or transmission spectrum.

[0008] A thermal control component is used to apply periodic temperature modulation to the photonic crystal structure to induce a thermo-optical hysteresis effect.

[0009] An optical measurement system is used to detect the polarization state evolution of the photonic crystal structure in real time and reconstruct the vector hysteresis loop on the Poincaré sphere to realize the accumulation and switching of topological charge.

[0010] Furthermore, the thermo-optical tunable photonic crystal structure is an in-plane symmetry broken structure or a symmetric photonic crystal structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the symmetry-broken photonic crystal structure is composed of periodically arranged silicon nanopillars with a lattice period of 700 nm, a nanopillar radius of 220 nm, and a height of 300 nm.

[0012] Furthermore, the thermal control component includes a semiconductor thermoelectric heater integrated on the back of the VO2 thin film, which is capable of periodic temperature modulation between 20°C and 80°C.

[0013] Furthermore, the optical measurement system includes a tunable laser source, a polarization generator and analyzer, a spectrometer, and an infrared camera, used for real-time measurement of Stokes parameters and momentum space light field distribution.

[0014] A method for fabricating a photonic crystal and a thermally controlled component includes the following steps:

[0015] Photonic crystal structures are fabricated on VO2 thin films with thermally induced phase transition properties; wherein, a silicon material layer is deposited on the vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin film and a periodic array of silicon nanopillars is formed, the nanopillars having a symmetrical structure for generating C-point or V-point polarization singularities in the reflection or transmission spectrum.

[0016] A semiconductor thermoelectric heater is integrated on the back of the sample to achieve periodic thermal modulation;

[0017] Dynamic accumulation and switching of topological charge are achieved by inducing a vector hysteresis loop in the optical response through thermal cycling.

[0018] Furthermore, the photonic crystal structure is fabricated by electron beam lithography or focused ion beam technology on the silicon material layer, and its structural parameters are optimized by simulation to achieve a polarization singularity in the 1150–1350 nm wavelength band.

[0019] Furthermore, the temperature modulation range of the thermal control component is 20°C to 80°C, and the modulation period is adjustable to induce different hysteresis behaviors.

[0020] An application of the aforementioned thermo-optically tuned photonic crystal topological hysteresis system is used in optical storage devices, neuromorphic computing units, or spatiotemporal topological physics research platforms to achieve non-volatile topological state storage and dynamic switching.

[0021] Furthermore, by controlling the thermal cycling path, reconfigurable switching between topological states, trivial states, and phase transition states can be achieved, supporting multi-state storage and topological computation.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] This invention provides a thermo-optically tunable photonic crystal topological hysteresis system, a method for fabricating the photonic crystal and thermally modulated components, and their applications. This thermo-optically tunable photonic crystal topological hysteresis system is based on the thermally induced phase transition properties of vanadium dioxide (VO2). A thermo-optical hysteresis effect is introduced by applying periodic thermal modulation (heating-cooling cycle) to the sample. Simultaneously, a photonic crystal structure with a C-point (circular polarization singularity) is designed to achieve topological hysteresis in both polarization state and momentum space. Based on this, this invention successfully achieves complex numerical vector field hysteresis under thermo-optical tuning, effectively overcoming the limitations of traditional scalar thermal hysteresis. Furthermore, topological hysteresis is achieved on a Poincaré sphere. The time-dependent dynamic accumulation of topological charge is achieved through the orbiting behavior of the C-point on the Poincaré sphere. Simultaneously, the evolution path of the polarization state can be controlled through thermal cycling to form a closed loop and regulate whether it orbits the singularity, thereby achieving the switching between topological and non-topological hysteresis.

[0024] This invention achieves several key technological breakthroughs: it is the first to observe topological hysteresis in an optical system, extending thermal hysteresis from the scalar domain to the vector complex numerical domain; it supports the dynamic accumulation and switching of topological charges, and possesses non-volatility and reconfigurability, making it adaptable to scenarios such as multi-state storage, topological computing, and neuromorphic optical computing. Furthermore, this invention constructs an integrable and tunable topological photonics platform with strong compatibility, not only adapting well to existing technology systems but also extending to other phase transition materials (such as GST and ferroelectric materials) and singularities, laying the foundation for diverse applications of topological photonics technology.

[0025] Furthermore, this topological photonics platform provides an important experimental vehicle for research in spacetime topological physics, supporting the exploration of emerging research directions such as time crystals and thermally diffused waves. Overall, this invention completes a paradigm shift from scalar hysteresis to vector hysteresis, enriching the technological system at the intersection of thermo-optical photonics and topological physics. It also provides a feasible technical path for developing devices such as non-volatile topological optical memories and neuromorphic computing units, promoting the development of topological photonics technology towards practical applications and industrialization.

[0026] Other beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described below. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the symmetry-broken photonic crystal (used to generate C-point) structure and thermal control components according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of a silicon nanopillar array sample on a vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin film according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the thermo-optical experimental apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the Poincaré sphere vector hysteresis loop and the topological-nontopological phase transition in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for fabricating photonic crystals and thermally controlled components according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope and application of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component. Furthermore, a connection can be used for fixing, coupling, or communication.

[0034] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0035] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0036] This invention aims to address the technical problems that traditional thermal hysteresis (scalar real-valued observables) cannot accommodate topological charges and that traditional topological photonics is mostly a static, memoryless system. It proposes a technical solution based on the thermally induced phase transition properties of vanadium dioxide (VO2), designing two types of photonic crystals (symmetry-broken or symmetric photonic crystal structures) to support C-point / V-point singularities. This solution achieves topological hysteresis encirclement of a Poincaré sphere and accumulation of nontrivial topological charges through periodic thermal cycling. Its core technological advantage lies in achieving topological hysteresis in an optical system for the first time, extending thermal hysteresis from the scalar domain to the vector complex numerical domain. Furthermore, the constructed integrable topological photonic platform supports applications such as neuromorphic computing, non-volatile topological storage, and spatiotemporal topological physics research.

[0037] See Figures 1 to 3 This invention provides a thermo-optically tunable photonic crystal topological hysteresis system, comprising a thermo-optically tunable photonic crystal structure, a thermal modulation component, and an optical measurement system. The thermo-optically tunable photonic crystal structure generates a vector complex-valued optical response under thermal cycling modulation. The photonic crystal structure consists of a periodic array of silicon nanopillars deposited on a vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin film. The nanopillars have a symmetrical structure, used to generate C-point or V-point polarization singularities in the reflection or transmission spectrum. The thermal modulation component modulates the photonic crystal structure with periodic temperature changes, inducing a thermo-optical hysteresis effect. The optical measurement system detects the polarization state evolution of the photonic crystal structure in real time and reconstructs the vector hysteresis loop on the Poincaré sphere, realizing the accumulation and switching of topological charges.

[0038] In some embodiments, the thermo-optical tunable photonic crystal structure is an in-plane symmetry-broken structure or a symmetric photonic crystal structure. One can be an in-plane symmetry-broken silicon nanopillar array (carrying a polarization singularity at point C, used to realize a topological hysteresis loop around point C on a Poincaré sphere); the other can be a symmetric photonic crystal (carrying a polarization vortex at point V, used to realize topological hysteresis switching between a vortex-induced singularity and a vortex-protected spot at point Γ in momentum space). Both structures can serve as thermo-optical tunable photonic crystal structures deposited on VO2 thin films and generating vector complex numerical optical responses under thermal cycling modulation.

[0039] In some embodiments, the symmetry-broken photonic crystal structure is composed of periodically arranged silicon nanopillars with a lattice period of 700 nm, a nanopillar radius of 220 nm, and a height of 300 nm.

[0040] In some embodiments, the thermal control component includes a semiconductor thermoelectric heater integrated on the back of the VO2 thin film, capable of periodic temperature modulation between 20°C and 80°C.

[0041] In some embodiments, the optical measurement system includes a tunable laser source, a polarization generator and analyzer, a spectrometer, and an infrared camera for real-time measurement of Stokes parameters and momentum space light field distribution.

[0042] See Figure 5 This invention also provides a method for fabricating a photonic crystal and a thermally controlled component, comprising the following steps:

[0043] Photonic crystal structures are fabricated on VO2 thin films with thermally induced phase transition properties; wherein, a silicon material layer is deposited on the vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin film and a periodic array of silicon nanopillars is formed, the nanopillars having a symmetrical structure for generating C-point or V-point polarization singularities in the reflection or transmission spectrum.

[0044] A semiconductor thermoelectric heater is integrated on the back of the sample to achieve periodic thermal modulation;

[0045] Dynamic accumulation and switching of topological charge are achieved by inducing a vector hysteresis loop in the optical response through thermal cycling.

[0046] In some embodiments, the photonic crystal structure is fabricated by electron beam lithography or focused ion beam technology on the silicon material layer, and its structural parameters are optimized by simulation to achieve a polarization singularity in the 1150–1350 nm wavelength band.

[0047] In some embodiments, the temperature modulation range of the thermal control component is 20°C to 80°C, and the modulation period is adjustable to induce different hysteresis behaviors.

[0048] This invention also provides an application of the aforementioned thermo-optically tuned photonic crystal topological hysteresis system, which can be used in optical storage devices, neuromorphic computing units, or spatiotemporal topological physics research platforms to achieve non-volatile topological state storage and dynamic switching.

[0049] In some embodiments, reconfigurable switching between topological states, trivial states, and phase transition states is achieved by regulating the thermal cycling path, supporting multi-state storage and topological computation.

[0050] The main technical advantage of this invention lies in the first-ever realization of topological hysteresis in an optical system, successfully extending traditional scalar thermal hysteresis to the vector complex numerical domain, overcoming the fundamental limitation that real-valued observables cannot define topological charges. By combining the thermally induced phase transition properties of vanadium dioxide (VO2) with specially designed photonic crystal structures (such as symmetry-broken structures generating C-points or symmetric photonic crystal structures generating V-points), this system can form reconfigurable vector hysteresis loops on a Poincaré sphere under thermal cycling modulation, achieving the dynamic accumulation and switching of nontrivial topological charges, thereby completing the paradigm shift from scalar to vector hysteresis. This system combines non-volatility and reconfigurability, supporting multi-state storage and topological computation, providing a highly integrable and controllable experimental platform for neuromorphic optical computation and spatiotemporal topological physics research; simultaneously, its platform has strong compatibility and can be extended to other phase transition materials and singularities, providing a feasible technical path for developing non-volatile topological optical memories, topological computing units, and researching emerging directions such as time crystals and thermally diffused waves.

[0051] The following further describes specific embodiments and experimental verifications of the present invention.

[0052] Example 1:

[0053] In this embodiment, a vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin film with significant thermally induced phase transition properties is selected as the substrate. Silicon nanopillar arrays are fabricated on the substrate surface using deposition and electron beam lithography or focused ion beam techniques to form a photonic crystal structure. One type of photonic crystal structure is a symmetry-broken structure, used to generate a C-point polarization singularity in the reflection spectrum. Its structural parameters are optimized through simulation: as follows... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the lattice period is 700 nm, the nanopillar radius is 220 nm, and the height is 300 nm, thus ensuring strong thermo-optical response and singularity characteristics in the 1150-1350 nm communication band. Subsequently, the sample undergoes surface passivation to ensure optical quality, and a semiconductor thermoelectric heater is integrated on the back side of the sample. This heater possesses fast response and precise temperature control capabilities, enabling periodic temperature modulation of the sample between 20°C and 80°C. The fabrication process is as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0054] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a symmetry-broken photonic crystal used to generate point C is shown, illustrating the structural morphology of the photonic crystal to demonstrate its in-plane symmetry-broken feature (which can convert the polarization state to a circular polarization state, thereby generating a polarization singularity at point C). Figure 2 Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of samples on vanadium dioxide (VO2) films are shown, visually presenting the actual morphology of the periodic silicon nanopillar array deposited on the surface of the VO2 film. Figure 3An example thermo-optical experimental setup is shown. The experimental system for achieving thermal modulation and optical measurement may include core components such as a semiconductor thermoelectric heater, a tunable laser source, and polarization correlation components.

[0055] Experimental verification:

[0056] A thermo-optical control and optical testing platform was constructed, comprising a tunable laser source, a polarization generator and analyzer, a high-precision spectrometer, and an infrared camera. During testing, periodic heating-cooling cycles were applied to the sample, while its reflection or transmission spectra, Stokes parameters, and the light field intensity distribution in momentum space were measured in real time. By analyzing the time-resolved polarization state data, the vector hysteresis loop on the Poincaré sphere could be reconstructed, and phase accumulation could be calculated to determine the topological charge.

[0057] This invention provides a topological characterization method for the system: by calculating the phase of parameter arg(S1+iS2). Has the cumulative amount been reached? 2π is used to determine the value of the topological load; by monitoring whether the S3 parameter approaches -1, To determine whether polarization singularity crossing behavior occurs; by performing vortex phase analysis on the momentum space optical field, the existence and dynamic evolution of topological protection characteristics are verified, and multiple characterizations jointly confirm the topological hysteresis effect achieved by thermo-optical tuning.

[0058] Through thermal cycling modulation, the polarization state of the system can be controlled to evolve into a vector hysteresis loop on the Poincaré sphere, thereby achieving a phase transition between topological and non-topological states. Figure 4 The hysteresis loop exhibits three typical states: (1) Topological state: the hysteresis loop surrounds the singularity of point C, accumulating 2π phase per cycle, and the topological charge Q = 1; (2) Mediocre state: the hysteresis loop does not surround point C, the net phase accumulation is zero, and the topological charge Q = 0; (3) Critical state: the hysteresis loop passes through point C and is in the critical condition of topological phase transition. Figure 4 The lower part of the image shows the trivial state cross-hysteresis loop observed at 1190 nm wavelength and the topological state cross-hysteresis loop observed at 1195 nm wavelength.

[0059] In the experiment, the reflected polarization ellipticity was measured in the wavelength range of 1150-1350nm under the cold state of 20℃ and the hot state of 80℃. At 20℃, there was a clear C point near the wavelength of 1205nm. The heater was periodically modulated by "cooling → heating → cooling". The reflected power was recorded and a real value thermo-optical hysteresis loop was observed. When the polarization state time evolution was recorded, the polarization state formed a closed vector hysteresis loop on the surface of the Poincaré sphere, which marked the transformation of the hysteresis observable from a real value to the SU(2) value paradigm. By adjusting the incident polarization angle or ellipticity, the position and shape of the vector hysteresis loop can be actively controlled.

[0060] When the system operates near point C, fine-tuning the wavelength can cause the hysteresis loop to surround point C, and the phase of arg(S1+iS2) accumulates to 2π, forming a non-trivial topological charge Q=1. Under multi-cycle modulation, the topological charge can accumulate (e.g., the total charge reaches 4 after 4 cycles). Fine-tuning the wavelength can also cause the system to transition from a topological state to a trivial state, or observe the crossover behavior of S3 approaching -1 during the topological phase transition. In addition, there are complex crossover hysteresis loops at different wavelengths, and their surrounding behavior can be clearly shown by spherical projection.

[0061] By utilizing the orbital behavior of point C (circularly polarized singularity) on the Poincaré sphere, time-dependent topological charge accumulation was achieved. The evolution path of the polarization state was controlled by thermal cycling (heating-cooling) to form a closed loop, and the orbital behavior around the singularity could be adjusted, thereby realizing the switching between topological and non-topological hysteresis.

[0062] For a symmetric photonic crystal carrying a V-point singularity, the angle-resolved transmission spectrum at 20°C shows the existence of a V-point near a specific wavelength, which has a non-trivial polarization vortex. In the cold state, a pure vortex distribution centered on the Γ-point singularity can be observed, reflecting the "open state" topological characteristics. During periodic thermal modulation from 20°C to 80°C, the system exhibits hysteresis-driven switching behavior. During the heating process, due to the frequency shift of the V-point, the central Γ-point singularity is deformed into a beam spot, while the surrounding vortex distribution remains unchanged, indicating that the system enters the topology-protected "off state". This k-space switching has both hysteresis characteristics and topological origin.

[0063] This invention completes the paradigm shift from scalar hysteresis to vector hysteresis, paving the way for the development of nonvolatile topologies. Optical memory, neuromorphic computing units, and a spacetime topological physics research platform provide feasible technical pathways. Furthermore, this invention achieves topological hysteresis in an optical system for the first time, extending thermal hysteresis from a scalar to a vector complex numerical domain; it supports dynamic accumulation and switching of topological charges, which can be used for multi-state storage and topological computation; it possesses non-volatility and reconfigurability, making it suitable for neuromorphic optical computing; the platform has strong compatibility, expandable to other phase transition materials and singularities such as GST and ferroelectric materials, and can also provide an experimental platform for emerging research directions in spacetime topological physics such as time crystals and thermally diffused waves.

[0064] The above description provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention in conjunction with specific / preferred embodiments, and it should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various substitutions or modifications can be made to these described embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such substitutions or modifications should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the description of this specification, the reference to terms such as "an embodiment," "some embodiments," "preferred embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicates that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples. Although the embodiments of the present invention and their advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions, and modifications can be made herein without departing from the scope of protection of the patent application.

Claims

1. A thermo-optic tuned photonic crystal topological hysteresis system, comprising: Comprise: A thermo-optic tunable photonic crystal structure for generating a vector complex-valued optical response under thermal cycling modulation, the photonic crystal structure is composed of a periodic silicon nanocolumn array deposited on a vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin film, the nanocolumns have a symmetry structure for generating C-point or V-point polarization singularities in the reflection or transmission spectrum; A thermal regulation component for applying periodic temperature variation modulation to the photonic crystal structure, inducing a thermo-optic hysteresis effect; An optical measurement system for real-time detection of the polarization state evolution of the photonic crystal structure and reconstruction of the vector hysteresis loop on the Poincare sphere, realizing the accumulation and switching of topological charge.

2. The thermo-optic tuned photonic crystal topological hysteresis system of claim 1, wherein, The thermo-optic tunable photonic crystal structure is an in-plane symmetry-breaking structure or a symmetric photonic crystal structure.

3. The thermo-optic tuned photonic crystal topological hysteresis system of claim 2, wherein, The symmetry-breaking photonic crystal structure is composed of periodically arranged silicon nanocolumns with a lattice period of 700 nm, a nanocolumn radius of 220 nm, and a height of 300 nm.

4. The thermo-optic tuned photonic crystal topological hysteresis system of claim 1, wherein, The thermal regulation component includes a semiconductor thermoelectric heater integrated on the back of the VO2 thin film, which can perform periodic temperature modulation between 20°C and 80°C.

5. The thermo-optic tuned photonic crystal topological hysteresis system of claim 1, wherein, The optical measurement system includes a tunable laser source, a polarization generator and analyzer, a spectrometer, and an infrared camera for real-time measurement of Stokes parameters and momentum space light field distribution.

6. A method for fabricating a photonic crystal and a thermally controlled component, characterized in that, Comprise the following steps: Preparation of a photonic crystal structure on a vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin film with a thermotropic phase transition characteristic, wherein a silicon material layer is deposited on the vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin film and a periodic silicon nanocolumn array is formed, the nanocolumns have a symmetry structure for generating C-point or V-point polarization singularities in the reflection or transmission spectrum; Integrate a semiconductor thermoelectric heater on the back of the sample for periodic thermal modulation; Induce vector hysteresis loops in the optical response by thermal cycling, realize dynamic accumulation and switching of topological charge.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The photonic crystal structure is processed by electron beam lithography or focused ion beam technology on the silicon material layer, and the structure parameters are optimized by simulation to realize polarization singularities in the 1150-1350 nm waveband.

8. The production method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by, The temperature modulation range of the thermal regulation component is 20°C to 80°C, and the modulation period is adjustable to induce different hysteresis behaviors.

9. Use of a thermo-optic tuning photonic crystal topology hysteresis system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Used in optical memory devices, neuromorphic computing units, or spatiotemporal topology physical research platforms, to realize non-volatile topological state storage and dynamic switching.

10. Use according to claim 9, characterized in that, By regulating the thermal cycling path, reconfigurable switching between topological state, mediocre state, and phase transition state is realized, supporting multi-state storage and topological computing.

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