A PV input channel identification method, device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a PV input channel identification method and device and electronic equipment. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring the open-circuit voltage of each PV input channel; grouping the PV input channels according to the open-circuit voltage to obtain a target group, wherein the PV input channels in the target group have a difference in open-circuit voltage within a preset range; performing a conduction control operation of a boost circuit on one PV input channel in the target group, and performing the conduction control operation for a preset time length to obtain a detection voltage of the PV input channel corresponding to the time when the conduction control operation of the boost circuit is performed; obtaining a voltage variation of the PV input channel according to the detection voltage and the open-circuit voltage of the PV input channel, and identifying the PV input channel corresponding to the voltage variation to determine the connection relationship of the PV input channels. Through the design of single-channel independent driving of the PV input channel and real-time voltage acquisition, the application improves the identification flexibility, convenience and accuracy, and widens the application range of the PV input channel identification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of photovoltaic energy storage inverter control technology, specifically relating to a PV input channel identification method, device, and electronic equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, new energy power generation systems, represented by photovoltaics (PV), have developed rapidly. In practical applications, PV modules may be connected to the inverter independently or in parallel. If the inverter cannot accurately identify the PV connection method, it can easily lead to MPPT (Maximum PowerPoint Tracking) tracking anomalies. Therefore, accurately identifying the PV input channel is crucial for improving photovoltaic power generation efficiency.

[0003] Most existing PV input channel identification methods rely on the detection process under grid-connected power generation conditions. In implementing the embodiments of this application, the inventors discovered that the prior art has at least the following problems: in application scenarios where PV output is limited, such as without battery charging or inverter reverse current protection, the PV input channel status cannot be accurately determined. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of this application mainly address the technical problem of how to accurately identify PV input channels.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, one technical solution adopted in this application is: providing a PV input channel identification method, the method comprising: acquiring the open-circuit voltage of each PV input channel; grouping the PV input channels according to the open-circuit voltage to obtain a target group, the target group including PV input channels whose open-circuit voltage difference is within a preset range; applying a conduction signal to one PV input channel in the target group to turn on the switching device of the boost circuit corresponding to the PV input channel, executing a conduction control operation of the boost circuit, and the conduction control operation is executed for a preset duration, and acquiring the data corresponding to the PV input channel. The detection voltage is used when the boost circuit conduction control operation is performed; based on the detection voltage and the open-circuit voltage of the PV input channel, the voltage change of the PV input channel is obtained, and the PV input channel corresponding to the voltage change is identified to determine the connection relationship of the PV input channel, including: setting the PV input channel that has performed the boost circuit conduction control operation as a reference channel; subtracting the detection voltage and the open-circuit voltage of the reference channel to obtain the voltage change of the reference channel; if the voltage change of the reference channel is less than or equal to a second preset threshold, then the reference channel is marked as a constant voltage channel.

[0006] Optionally, grouping the PV input channels according to the open-circuit voltage to obtain target groups includes: comparing the open-circuit voltages of each PV input channel pairwise and calculating the difference between the open-circuit voltages; when the difference between the open-circuit voltage of a certain PV input channel and other PV input channels is greater than a first preset threshold, then the certain PV input channel is determined to be an independent group; when the difference between the open-circuit voltages of several PV input channels is within a preset range, then the several PV input channels are determined to be a target group.

[0007] Optionally, the step of obtaining the voltage change of the PV input channel based on the detected voltage and the open-circuit voltage of the PV input channel, and identifying the PV input channel corresponding to the voltage change to determine the connection relationship of the PV input channel, further includes: if the voltage change of the reference channel is greater than a second preset threshold, detecting the detected voltage of other PV input channels in the same group when the reference channel performs the conduction control operation of the boost circuit, subtracting the detected voltage of the reference channel from the detected voltage of the other PV input channels in the same group to obtain a real-time voltage difference between the reference channel and the other PV input channels in the same group; and determining the connection relationship between the reference channel and the other PV input channels in the same group based on the real-time voltage difference.

[0008] Optionally, after executing the step of marking the reference channel as a constant voltage channel if the voltage change of the reference channel is less than or equal to a second preset threshold, the method further includes: continuing to perform boost circuit conduction control operations on other PV input channels in the same group; and after completing the conduction control operations on the boost circuits of all PV input channels in the same group, determining that all PV input channels marked as constant voltage channels are connected in parallel.

[0009] Optionally, determining the connection relationship between the reference channel and other PV input channels in the same group based on the real-time voltage difference includes: when the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference is less than a third preset threshold, the reference channel and the corresponding other PV input channels in the same group are determined to be connected in parallel; when the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, the other PV input channels in the same group corresponding to the real-time voltage difference are independent channels; when the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference between the reference channel and all other PV input channels in the same group is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, the reference channel is determined to be an independent channel.

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted in this application is: providing a PV input channel identification device, the device comprising: an open-circuit voltage acquisition module for acquiring the open-circuit voltage of each PV input channel; a grouping module for grouping the PV input channels according to the open-circuit voltage to obtain a target group, the target group including PV input channels whose open-circuit voltage difference is within a preset range; and a voltage change acquisition module for applying a conduction signal to one PV input channel in the target group, causing the switching device of the boost circuit corresponding to the PV input channel to conduct, executing the conduction control operation of the boost circuit, and the conduction control operation is executed for a preset duration, and acquiring the data corresponding to the PV input channel that has executed the boost circuit. The detection voltage during the conduction control operation; the PV input channel identification module, used to obtain the voltage change of the PV input channel based on the detected voltage and the open-circuit voltage of the PV input channel, and to identify the PV input channel corresponding to the voltage change to determine the connection relationship of the PV input channel, including: a reference channel setting unit, used to set the PV input channel that has performed the conduction control operation of the boost circuit as a reference channel; a voltage change calculation unit, used to calculate the difference between the detected voltage and the open-circuit voltage of the reference channel to obtain the voltage change of the reference channel; and a first judgment unit, used to mark the reference channel as a constant voltage channel if the voltage change of the reference channel is less than or equal to a second preset threshold.

[0011] Optionally, the PV input channel identification module further includes: a second judgment unit, configured to, if the voltage change of the reference channel is greater than a second preset threshold, detect the detection voltage of other PV input channels in the same group when the reference channel is performing a boost circuit conduction control operation, and subtract the detection voltage of the reference channel from the detection voltage of the other PV input channels in the same group to obtain a real-time voltage difference between the reference channel and the other PV input channels in the same group; and a connection relationship judgment unit, configured to determine the connection relationship between the reference channel and the other PV input channels in the same group based on the real-time voltage difference.

[0012] Optionally, the connection relationship determination unit is specifically used for: determining that the reference channel and the other PV input channels in the same group are connected in parallel when the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference is less than a third preset threshold; the second determination component is used for determining that the other PV input channels in the same group corresponding to the real-time voltage difference are independent channels when the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold; and the third determination component is used for determining that the reference channel is an independent channel when the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference between the reference channel and all other PV input channels in the same group is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold.

[0013] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this application is: to provide an electronic device, characterized in that it includes: a memory and a processor, the memory being connected to the processor, the processor being used to execute one or more computer programs stored in the memory, and the processor causing the electronic device to implement the method described in any of the above-mentioned embodiments when executing the one or more computer programs.

[0014] Unlike related technologies, this application provides a PV input channel identification method, device, and electronic device. It employs an open-circuit voltage grouping design, single-channel independent drive, and real-time voltage acquisition to avoid mutual interference between multiple channels during identification. This accurately distinguishes between independent and parallel connection methods, making it compatible with various application scenarios. Furthermore, it uses a boost circuit conduction control method, allowing PV current to flow through the boost circuit switch without entering the bus, bypassing the battery charging circuit. This ensures that the identification process does not affect the normal operation of the battery and inverter. Since it is an independent identification module that does not output energy to the bus or grid, it is unrestricted and can identify input channels normally even in applications without battery charging or inverter backflow prevention. Due to its independence, the identification method of this application can be executed at any time without waiting. Therefore, it greatly improves the flexibility, convenience, and accuracy of the identification scheme and significantly expands its application scope in various photovoltaic-storage inverters, grid-connected inverters, and complex energy management systems. Attached Figure Description

[0015] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements having the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic-storage inverter system corresponding to a PV input channel identification method provided in this application embodiment.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a PV input channel identification method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for determining target groups in a PV input channel identification method provided in this application embodiment.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a PV input channel identification method provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 5This is a flowchart illustrating a specific identification method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the specific working conditions of a PV input channel identification method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a PV input channel identification device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0025] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the various features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, all of which are within the protection scope of this application. Furthermore, although functional modules are divided in the device schematic diagram and a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than the module division in the device schematic diagram or the order in the flowchart.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0027] Photovoltaic-based new energy power generation systems have become the core direction of global energy transformation. Among them, the application scale of photovoltaic-storage inverters (integrating photovoltaic power generation, energy storage discharge, and grid interaction) continues to increase, covering various scenarios such as industrial and commercial applications and power plants. The number of PV input channels has also increased, and the access methods have become more flexible: for example, multiple PV input channels are connected in parallel to increase the power of a single channel, resulting in a diversity of PV input channel access relationships.

[0028] The core function of a photovoltaic-storage inverter is to maximize PV power generation efficiency through MPPT. The prerequisite for this function is to accurately identify the connection relationship (independent or parallel) of the PV input channel. In addition, the photovoltaic-storage inverter needs to frequently deal with complex operating conditions such as battery charge and discharge cycles, reverse current protection, and current limiting. Therefore, the accuracy and applicability of PV input channel identification are required to be higher.

[0029] Specifically, if the PV input channels are connected independently, the inverter needs to configure an independent MPPT strategy for each channel to avoid mutual interference; if the PV input channels are connected in parallel, the inverter needs to adopt a coordinated MPPT strategy to ensure that the parallel group operates at its maximum power point. Therefore, if the PV input channels cannot be accurately identified (for example, if parallel channels are incorrectly controlled as independent channels), it will directly lead to abnormal MPPT tracking, reduced PV power generation efficiency, and in more serious cases, may cause safety risks such as circuit overload and module overheating.

[0030] Current PV input channel identification methods rely on the grid-connected state where the PV outputs power to the grid. If the inverter is operating under conditions such as battery reverse current protection, current limiting, or off-grid operation, the identification scheme will fail because the PV cannot output power normally. In view of this, this application proposes a photovoltaic-storage inverter system circuit, which enables the identification scheme of this application to solve the problem of identification difficulties under complex operating conditions.

[0031] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic of a photovoltaic-storage inverter system circuit corresponding to the identification scheme of this application. It includes a photovoltaic converter, an energy storage converter, and an inverter, with three independent energy paths: the photovoltaic path, the battery path, and the grid path. Each photovoltaic panel corresponds to its own independent photovoltaic converter. For example, when photovoltaic converter 1 is turned on, the current of its corresponding PV1 flows through the boost circuit switch, i.e., PV+ → boost circuit switch → PV-, forming a local, temporary loop without entering the bus. Therefore, firstly, it does not affect the energy storage converter and is not constrained by the battery; secondly, it does not affect the inverter, does not supply power to the grid, and does not trigger reverse current protection; thirdly, it does not affect photovoltaic converter 2, and the other photovoltaic path is unaffected. Thus, the identification scheme of this application becomes an independent identification module, capable of safe and reliable execution regardless of whether the system is charging, discharging, grid-connected, off-grid, or in standby mode, achieving truly barrier-free identification and maximizing power generation efficiency and operational stability.

[0032] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 As shown, a PV input channel identification method is provided, which includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0033] 101: Obtain the open-circuit voltage of each PV input channel.

[0034] This system includes multiple PV input channels, each with its corresponding open-circuit voltage. Each PV input channel is an independent power electronic branch in the photovoltaic-storage inverter used to connect to the photovoltaic modules. Each PV input channel corresponds to a complete photovoltaic module and photovoltaic converter unit, possessing independent power conversion capabilities. The open-circuit voltage refers to the voltage across the PV input channel when there is no current output and no load is connected. It is an inherent electrical characteristic of the photovoltaic module and is only related to the current light intensity and ambient temperature, independent of the load.

[0035] To obtain the open-circuit voltage of the PV input channel, the PV input channel can first be put into an open-circuit state, and the switching devices of the photovoltaic converter corresponding to the PV input channel can be controlled to be in the off state. Then, the voltage can be collected by the voltage sampling module to obtain the open-circuit voltage of each PV input channel.

[0036] 102: Group the PV input channels according to their open-circuit voltage to obtain target groups. The target groups include PV input channels whose open-circuit voltage differences are within a preset range. Specifically, the target groups are divided based on the magnitude of the open-circuit voltage differences between the PV input channels, and include PV input channels whose open-circuit voltage differences are within the preset range.

[0037] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the step of grouping the PV input channels according to the open-circuit voltage to obtain the target group includes:

[0038] 1021: Compare the open-circuit voltages corresponding to each of the PV input channels pairwise and calculate the difference between the open-circuit voltages;

[0039] 1022: When the difference between the open-circuit voltage of a certain PV input channel and the open-circuit voltage of other PV input channels is greater than a first preset threshold, the certain PV input channel is determined to be an independent group.

[0040] 1023: When the difference in open-circuit voltage between several PV input channels is within a preset range, the several PV input channels are determined to be the target group.

[0041] Understandably, the first preset threshold is the minimum voltage difference threshold for determining whether a PV input channel is "significantly different from other groups." That is, if the voltage difference between a PV input channel and all other PV input channels exceeds this threshold, it indicates that it does not belong to any existing group and should be grouped independently. This first preset threshold can be determined through experience or statistical analysis. The preset range is the allowable voltage difference range for determining whether several PV input channels belong to the same group, specifically, "how close their voltages must be to be considered in the same group," defined as an interval.

[0042] Independent grouping refers to a group in which the open-circuit voltage of a certain PV input channel is significantly different from that of other channels and is not grouped with other PV input channels; target grouping refers to a group in which the open-circuit voltage difference of several PV input channels is within a preset range and can be regarded as the same photovoltaic array.

[0043] For example, the system detects the open-circuit voltages of six PV input channels as follows: PV1=200V, PV2=400V, PV3=405V, PV4=600V, PV5=605V, and PV6=610V. These voltage values ​​are then compared pairwise to calculate the voltage difference. Assuming the system sets a first preset threshold of 100V to determine if a particular PV input channel significantly deviates from the others, and a preset range of ±10V to determine if multiple PV input channels belong to the same group, the analysis is as follows: First, PV1's voltage is 200V, and the voltage difference between PV1 and PV6 is greater than 100V, indicating that PV1's voltage level is significantly different from the other channels. Therefore, PV1 is determined to be an independent group. Next, the voltages of PV2 and PV3 are 400V and 405V respectively, with a voltage difference of only 5V, falling within the preset range of ±10V. This indicates that their voltage levels are basically the same, and they can be considered to originate from the same photovoltaic array. Therefore, PV2 and PV3 are classified into one target group. Finally, the voltages of PV4, PV5, and PV6 are 600V, 605V, and 610V respectively. The voltage differences between any two of them do not exceed 10V, also within the preset range. This indicates that the three belong to the same voltage level array. Therefore, PV4, PV5, and PV6 are classified into another target group.

[0044] This automatic grouping method based on voltage difference can effectively identify the array correspondence of each PV input channel, providing a basis for subsequent string monitoring and fault location.

[0045] 103: For one PV input channel in the target group, perform a boost circuit turn-on control operation, and perform the turn-on control operation for a preset duration to obtain the detection voltage corresponding to the PV input channel when the boost circuit turn-on control operation is performed.

[0046] Among them, performing the conduction control operation of the boost circuit refers to controlling the switching device of the boost circuit to conduct at a specific time and maintain the conduction state for a preset time.

[0047] Specifically, a conduction signal can be applied to one PV input channel in the target group to turn on the boost circuit switching device corresponding to the PV input channel and the conduction control operation is performed for a preset duration.

[0048] Understandably, by controlling only one channel within the target group at a time, rather than driving multiple channels simultaneously, detection errors caused by voltage superposition and current shunting when multiple channels are on are avoided. Furthermore, when the switching device is continuously on, the PV current does not enter the bus. This is crucial for the identification method in this application to accurately obtain the voltage response of each PV input channel without interfering with other channels in the system. In addition, the preset duration can be set according to specific needs, for example, it can be set to 6ms to avoid voltage instability due to excessively short driving time and excessive component overheating and losses due to excessively long driving time.

[0049] 104: Based on the detected voltage and the open-circuit voltage of the PV input channel, the voltage change of the PV input channel is obtained, and the PV input channel corresponding to the voltage change is identified to determine the connection relationship of the PV input channel.

[0050] It is understandable that the open-circuit voltage is the voltage across the PV input channel when there is no current output and no load is connected. The detection voltage refers to the real-time voltage value of the PV input channel during the preset duration of the boost circuit's conduction control operation—that is, the continuous conduction of the boost circuit's switching devices. The detection voltage is acquired synchronously with the boost circuit's conduction control operation; in other words, the detection voltage of the PV input channel is acquired at the start of the conduction control operation and stops when the operation ends. At this time, due to the special operating state of the boost circuit's continuously conducting switching devices, the current in the PV input channel only flows through the boost circuit's switching devices and does not enter the bus.

[0051] For example, the target group contains PV2 and PV3, and the open circuit voltage of PV2 and PV3 is 400V. At this time, the conduction control operation of the boost circuit is performed on PV2, that is, the switching device of the boost circuit is turned on for a preset time. During this period, the voltage of PV2 is collected in real time, dropping from the initial 400V open circuit voltage to 10V. The 10V collected here is the detection voltage of PV2.

[0052] It is understandable that the connection relationship of PV input channels refers to the electrical connection relationship between multiple PV input channels, that is, whether the channels are directly connected by wires. The connection relationship reflects whether the voltage and current of different PV input channels will affect each other. In this application embodiment, the PV input channels are summarized into three connection methods: independent connection (i.e., independent channel), parallel connection, and constant voltage source connection (i.e., constant voltage channel).

[0053] Specifically, an independent connection means that a PV input channel has no electrical connection with any other PV input channel and is connected to the inverter independently. Its voltage and current will not be affected by other PV input channels. A parallel connection means that the positive and negative terminals of multiple PV input channels are directly connected through wires, sharing an electrical circuit, and their voltages will change synchronously. A constant voltage source connection means that the voltage of the PV input channel is extremely stable and is not significantly affected by the conduction control operation. It will be marked as a constant voltage channel, and all constant voltage channels in the same group will be identified as being connected in parallel.

[0054] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the step of obtaining the voltage change of the PV input channel based on the detected voltage and the open-circuit voltage of the PV input channel, and identifying the PV input channel corresponding to the voltage change to determine the connection relationship of the PV input channel includes:

[0055] 1041: The PV input channel that has performed the turn-on control operation of the boost circuit is set as the reference channel.

[0056] 1042: The difference between the detected voltage and the open-circuit voltage of the reference channel is calculated to obtain the voltage change of the reference channel.

[0057] 1043: Determine whether the voltage change of the reference channel is greater than a second preset threshold.

[0058] If yes, then proceed to steps 1044 and 1045 below; if no, then proceed to step 1046 below. The second preset threshold is set according to actual needs and is used to determine the voltage change.

[0059] 1044: Detect the detection voltage of other PV input channels in the same group when the boost circuit is turned on in the reference channel, and calculate the difference between the detection voltage of the reference channel and the detection voltage of the other PV input channels in the same group to obtain the real-time voltage difference between the reference channel and the other PV input channels in the same group.

[0060] 1045: Determine the connection relationship between the reference channel and other PV input channels in the same group based on the real-time voltage difference.

[0061] In some embodiments, the connection relationship between the reference channel and other PV input channels in the same group is determined based on the real-time voltage difference. Specifically, when the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference is less than a third preset threshold, the reference channel and the corresponding other PV input channels in the same group are determined to be connected in parallel; when the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, the other PV input channels in the same group corresponding to the real-time voltage difference are independent channels.

[0062] It is understood that the real-time voltage difference is the absolute value of the detected voltage of the reference channel minus the detected voltage of other channels in the same group. The real-time voltage difference quantifies the voltage synchronization between channels: the voltages of parallel channels will inevitably change synchronously, resulting in a very small real-time voltage difference, while the voltages of independent channels are not affected by others, leading to a much larger real-time voltage difference. The real-time voltage difference transforms the electrical connection relationship into calculable and comparable data, allowing judgments to be made based on specific and reliable data. The third preset threshold is the core distinguisher between parallel and independent voltages and can be adjusted according to the actual needs of specific application scenarios.

[0063] For example, if the target group contains PV2 and PV3, and the third preset threshold is set to 20V, then the boost circuit is turned on for the reference channel PV2. The detected voltage of PV2 is 10V and the detected voltage of PV3 is 12V. The real-time voltage difference is calculated as |10V-12V|=2V, which is less than the third preset threshold of 20V. Therefore, PV2 and PV3 are determined to be connected in parallel. If the detected voltage of PV3 is 360V, the real-time voltage difference is |10V-360V|=350V, which is much greater than the third preset threshold of 20V. Therefore, PV3 is determined to be an independent channel.

[0064] 1046: The reference channel is marked as a constant pressure channel.

[0065] Sections 1041 to 1046 constitute the core determination steps in this application's embodiments. By first distinguishing the channel type—constant voltage or other channels—and then further determining whether they are connected in parallel or independently, this hierarchical determination reduces the possibility of misjudgment. For example, a constant voltage channel might be determined as an independent channel due to its small voltage change. The core basis for the determination is the dynamic voltage change and the real-time voltage difference, which can also distinguish pseudo-similar channels with similar open-circuit voltages but actually independent. The detailed identification of the input channel connection method in this application's embodiments further lays a solid foundation for subsequent circuit protection: for constant voltage channels, the MPPT reference voltage can be forced to be lower than the open-circuit voltage to avoid a sudden drop in energy; for parallel channels, a cooperative MPPT strategy is adopted to improve power generation efficiency; for independent channels, an independent MPPT strategy is adopted to avoid interference between input channels.

[0066] In some embodiments, after step 1046, the method further includes: continuing to perform boost circuit turn-on control operations on the other PV input channels within the same group. After completing the boost circuit turn-on control operations on all PV input channels within the same group, it is determined that all PV input channels marked as constant voltage channels are connected in parallel.

[0067] It is understandable that classifying constant voltage channels in the same group as parallel connections is a closed-loop supplement to the identification method in this application's embodiments. Specifically, the essential logic can be understood as follows: the core characteristic of a constant voltage channel is that its voltage is not affected by its own conduction control. Since the open-circuit voltages of multiple constant voltage channels within the same group already satisfy the condition that the difference is within a preset range, meaning their electrical characteristics are consistent, they are ultimately uniformly determined to be connected in parallel, ensuring no omissions in the identification results. Furthermore, this also reduces the false positive rate. For example, if a channel is marked as a constant voltage channel both when it is used as a reference channel and when other channels are used as reference channels, the false positive probability approaches 0. If a channel is marked only in a single test, there may be accidental interference, thereby improving the accuracy of identification.

[0068] In summary, unlike related technologies, this application provides a PV input channel identification method that employs open-circuit voltage grouping, independent single-channel drive, and real-time voltage acquisition. This design avoids mutual interference between multiple channels during identification, accurately distinguishes between independent and parallel connection methods, and is compatible with various application scenarios. Furthermore, the use of boost circuit conduction control ensures that the PV current flows through the boost circuit switch without entering the bus, bypassing the battery charging circuit. This does not affect the normal operation of the battery and inverter during identification. Since it is an independent identification module that does not output energy to the bus or grid, it is unrestricted and can identify input channels normally even in applications without battery charging or inverter reverse current protection. Due to its independence, the identification method of this application can be executed at any time without waiting. Therefore, it greatly improves the flexibility, convenience, and accuracy of the identification scheme and significantly expands its application scope in various photovoltaic-storage inverters, grid-connected inverters, and complex energy management systems.

[0069] For example, such as Figure 5 As shown, firstly, a target group is obtained, which contains n PV input channels. The i-th channel is selected as the first channel, and the conduction control operation of the boost circuit is performed on the i-th channel.

[0070] Furthermore, it is determined whether the voltage change of the i-th channel is greater than the second preset threshold. If not, it is marked as a constant voltage channel, and i is set as the next unidentified PV input channel for repeated determination. If yes, the real-time voltage difference between other channels and the i-th channel is calculated.

[0071] Furthermore, it is determined whether the real-time voltage difference is less than a third preset threshold. If so, it is determined that the other channel is connected in parallel with the i-th channel, and i is set as the next unidentified PV input channel for cyclic determination. If not, the other channel is determined to be an independent channel. If the real-time voltage difference between the i-th channel and all other channels is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, the i-th channel is determined to be an independent channel, and i is set as the next unidentified PV input channel for cyclic determination.

[0072] Once all PV input channels have been identified, all channels marked as constant voltage channels will be connected in parallel.

[0073] For example, the first preset threshold is set to 20V, the second preset threshold is set to 30V, and the third preset threshold is set to 20V. The following two examples illustrate this further. Figure 6 (A schematic diagram of the specific operating conditions IU) will be used to explain this in detail. The horizontal axis U refers to the output voltage of the photovoltaic module, measured in volts (V). The diagram is marked with... The vertical axis represents the open-circuit voltage of the photovoltaic module, i.e., the voltage across the photovoltaic module when there is no load; the vertical axis I refers to the output current of the photovoltaic module, measured in amperes (A), as marked in the figure. This represents the current limiting point for each wave. It is understood that the different curves here represent the IU characteristics of different photovoltaic modules or the same module under various conditions. For ease of explanation, these are merely examples; therefore, only some representative operating conditions are shown, and repeated operating conditions will not be elaborated upon or drawn.

[0074] Example 1: A photovoltaic-storage inverter has six PV input channels. From night to day, after the six PV input channels start to have voltage, the open-circuit voltages of PV1 to PV6 are detected to be 200V, 400V, 405V, 600V, 605V, and 610V respectively. Based on the preset first threshold of 20V, it can be determined that PV1 is an independent group, PV2 and PV3 are the first target group, and PV4 to PV6 are the second target group. Therefore, PV1 has been identified as an independent channel. For each target group, further determination is performed:

[0075] First, the boost circuit of PV2 was turned on for 6ms. After the turn-on control operation was performed, the voltage of PV2 was measured to be 10V. Figure 6 From point A to point B, we can see that the voltage change of PV2 is 390V, which is greater than 30V. Then we need to further determine the voltage of PV3. If the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference between PV3 and PV2 is less than 20V, then we can determine that PV3 and PV2 are connected in parallel. If the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference between PV3 and PV2 is greater than or equal to 20V, then we can determine that PV3 is an independent channel.

[0076] Then, the boost circuit was turned on for 6ms. After the boost circuit was turned on, the voltage of PV4 was measured to be 300V, and the current was maintained at the wave-by-wave current limiting point. (like Figure 6 (As shown at point C). The wave-by-wave current limiting point. To protect the PV input channel from damage due to excessive current, a large current will be generated if the PV input channel is forcibly short-circuited to a lower point. Therefore, a wave-by-wave current limiting point is set to prevent the PV input channel from being damaged by excessive current. When the boost circuit is turned on, if the current reaches this limit, the switching transistor will be turned off in advance to prevent the current from continuing to increase. If the switching device is turned off due to wave-by-wave current limiting, as long as the synchronous response of the voltage drop-parallel channel can be captured within the preset time, the identification result will not be affected. This is the key reason for setting the preset time in this application. If PV4 remains stable at 300V and does not continue to drop lower, it indicates that it may be a powerful channel composed of multiple PV input channels connected in parallel. Further judgment is needed: if we assume that the detection voltage of PV5 also drops synchronously to a point where the absolute value of the difference between its detection voltage and that of PV4 (currently at 300V) is less than 20V, then PV5 and PV4 are confirmed to be connected in parallel. Conversely, if we assume that the voltage of PV6 remains unchanged and does not change due to the change in PV4, and the absolute value of the voltage difference between the detection voltage of PV6 and that of PV4 is greater than 20V, then PV6 is determined to be an independent channel.

[0077] Example 2: If a photovoltaic-storage inverter has six PV input channels, from night to day, after the six PV input channels start to have voltage, the open-circuit voltage of PV1~PV6 is detected to be 600V. At this time, all six PV input channels belong to the same target group. Further, a boost circuit conduction control operation is performed on PV1. The voltage of PV1 after the boost circuit conduction control operation is detected to be 590V, with a real-time voltage difference of only 10V. At this time, the current remains at the wave-by-wave current limiting point. (like Figure 6 As shown at midpoint D), the voltage change is minimal at this point, and the short-circuit current is much greater than the current-limiting current of the system. This is insufficient to distinguish between independent parallel connections, indicating that the short-circuit current of the external photovoltaic module is very large. This is an application scenario with multiple PV input channels connected in parallel, so PV1 is marked as a constant voltage channel.

[0078] Furthermore, the boost circuit is sequentially activated for PV2 through PV6. At this point, the real-time voltage difference between PV2 and PV5 is less than 30V, therefore PV2 through PV5 are all marked as constant voltage channels. After the boost circuit is activated, the voltage of PV6 drops to 0, and the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference between PV6 and the other PV input channels PV1 through PV5 is greater than 20V, therefore PV6 is determined to be an independent channel. Finally, PV1 through PV5, marked as constant voltage channels, are determined to be connected in parallel.

[0079] It should be noted that for PV input channels marked as constant voltage sources, during MPPT operation, the reference voltage of the MPPT must be kept lower than the open-circuit voltage of the PV input channel to prevent the MPPT from disturbing the voltage reference to the constant voltage source power supply and causing a sudden decrease in PV energy.

[0080] like Figure 6 Point E is a point where the voltage is high, but a slight increase in current will cause a sharp drop, making it highly unstable. If the PV input channel mishandles the signal at this point, the MPPT may experience increased disturbance voltage. Once this voltage exceeds the critical point E, the operating point will drop sharply to the right side of the curve, causing a sudden decrease or even interruption of PV energy. Therefore, a method is used to forcibly limit the MPPT reference voltage within a safe range, thus preventing the MPPT algorithm from disturbing the operating point to the dangerous region outside the critical point.

[0081] For example, if the open-circuit voltage of a constant voltage channel is 400V, then the MPPT reference voltage is set to 350V. When the MPPT is running, the MPPT disturbs the reference voltage. When the voltage approaches 395V, it is detected that it is about to exceed the open-circuit voltage, so it is forcibly stopped and kept below the open-circuit voltage to prevent the operating point from entering the dangerous area.

[0082] For further details, please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a PV input channel identification device provided in an embodiment of this application. The device 20 includes: an open-circuit voltage acquisition module 21, a grouping module 22, a voltage change acquisition module 23, and a PV input channel identification module 24.

[0083] The module includes several components: an open-circuit voltage acquisition module 21, which acquires the open-circuit voltage of each PV input channel; a grouping module 22, which groups the PV input channels according to their open-circuit voltages to obtain target groups, which include PV input channels whose open-circuit voltage differences are within a preset range; a voltage change acquisition module 23, which performs a boost circuit conduction control operation on one PV input channel within the target group for a preset duration to obtain the detection voltage of the PV input channel at the time the boost circuit conduction control operation was performed; and a PV input channel identification module 24, which obtains the voltage change of the PV input channel based on its detection voltage and open-circuit voltage, identifies the PV input channel corresponding to the voltage change, and determines the connection relationship of the PV input channels.

[0084] The PV input channel identification module 24 includes: a reference channel setting unit 241, a voltage change calculation unit 242, a first judgment unit 243, a second judgment unit 244, and a connection relationship judgment unit 245.

[0085] A reference channel setting unit 241 is used to set the PV input channel that has performed the conduction control operation of the boost circuit as a reference channel; a voltage change calculation unit 242 is used to calculate the difference between the detected voltage and the open-circuit voltage of the reference channel to obtain the voltage change of the reference channel; a first judgment unit 243 is used to mark the reference channel as a constant voltage channel if the voltage change of the reference channel is less than or equal to a second preset threshold; a second judgment unit 244 is used to detect the detected voltage of other PV input channels in the same group when the boost circuit conduction control operation is performed on the reference channel if the voltage change of the reference channel is greater than the second preset threshold, and calculate the difference between the detected voltage of the reference channel and the detected voltage of the other PV input channels in the same group to obtain the real-time voltage difference between the reference channel and the other PV input channels in the same group; a connection relationship judgment unit 245 is used to determine the connection relationship between the reference channel and the other PV input channels in the same group based on the real-time voltage difference.

[0086] Specifically, the connection relationship determination unit 245 is used to: determine that the reference channel and the other PV input channels in the same group are connected in parallel when the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference is less than a third preset threshold; determine that the other PV input channels in the same group corresponding to the real-time voltage difference are independent channels when the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold; and determine that the reference channel is an independent channel when the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference between the reference channel and all other PV input channels in the same group is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold.

[0087] The PV input channel identification device 20 can be a software module. The software module includes several instructions, which are stored in a memory. The processor can access the memory and call the instructions to execute them in order to complete the PV input channel identification method described in the above embodiments.

[0088] In some embodiments, the PV input channel identification device 20 can also be constructed from hardware devices. For example, the PV input channel identification device 20 can be constructed from one or more chips, which can work together to complete the immersive conferencing implementation method described in the various embodiments. As another example, the PV input channel identification device 20 can also be constructed from various logic devices, such as general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), microcontrollers, ARM (Acorn RISC Machine) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination of these components.

[0089] It should be noted that the PV input channel identification device 20 described above can execute the PV input channel identification method for electronic devices provided in the embodiments of this application, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for executing the method. Technical details not described in detail in the embodiments of the PV input channel identification device 20 can be found in the PV input channel identification method for electronic devices provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0090] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device 30 includes one or more processors 31 and a memory 32. The memory 32 is connected to one or more processors 31, for example, via a bus.

[0091] Processor 31 is configured to support the electronic device 30 in performing the corresponding functions in the methods described in the above method embodiments. Processor 31 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a hardware chip, or any combination thereof. The aforementioned hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The aforementioned PLD may be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a generic array logic (GAL), or any combination thereof.

[0092] Memory 32 is used to store program code, etc. Memory 32 may include volatile memory (VM), such as random access memory (RAM); memory 32 may also include non-volatile memory (NVM), such as read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, hard disk drive (HDD), or solid-state drive (SSD); memory 32 may also include combinations of the above types of memory.

[0093] The memory 32 can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer-executable programs, and modules, such as the program instructions / modules corresponding to the PV input channel identification method in the embodiments of this application. The processor 31 executes various functional applications and data processing of the PV input channel identification method and the PV input channel identification method device by running the non-volatile software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 32, that is, it realizes the functions of each module or unit of the PV input channel identification method and the PV input channel identification device provided in the above method embodiments.

[0094] The memory 32 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store the operating system and applications required for at least one function. The data storage area may store data created based on the use of the immersive conferencing implementation device. In some embodiments, the memory 32 may include remotely located memories 32 relative to the processor 31, which can be connected to the PV input channel identification device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0095] The one or more modules are stored in the memory 32. When executed by the one or more processors 31, they perform the PV input channel identification method in any of the above method embodiments. For example, they perform the method steps described in the above method embodiments to realize the functions of the modules described in the above device embodiments.

[0096] The electronic device in this application embodiment may specifically be a complete photovoltaic-storage inverter, a main control board for a photovoltaic-storage inverter, an MCU or DSP chip, etc.

[0097] This application provides a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that are executed by one or more processors 31, for example... Figure 8 One of the processors 31 can be configured to execute the PV input channel identification method in any of the above method embodiments, for example, to perform the above-described... Figure 2 Steps 101 to 104 in the method are as follows. Figure 3 Steps 1021 to 1023 in the method are as follows. Figure 4 Steps 1041 to 1046 in the method are as follows. Figure 5 The method flow steps in the middle, to achieve Figure 7 Functions 21-24 in the module.

[0098] This application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program stored on a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. The computer program includes program instructions, which, when executed by the electronic device, enable the electronic device to perform any of the above-described method embodiments. Figure 2 Steps 101 to 104 in the method are as follows. Figure 3 Method steps 1021 to 1023, Figure 4 Method steps 1041 to 1046, Figure 5 The method flow steps in the middle, to achieve Figure 7 Functions 21-24 in the module.

[0099] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory (ROM), or random access memory (RAM), etc.

[0100] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. Therefore, any equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of this application shall still fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method of PV input channel identification, characterized by, The method comprises: obtaining open circuit voltages of each PV input channel; grouping the PV input channels according to the open circuit voltages to obtain a target group, the target group comprising PV input channels with a difference in open circuit voltage within a preset range; applying a conduction signal to one of the PV input channels in the target group to turn on a switching device of a boost circuit corresponding to the PV input channel, performing a conduction control operation of the boost circuit, and collecting a detection voltage of the PV input channel when the conduction control operation of the boost circuit is performed for a preset time period; determining a voltage variation of the PV input channel according to the detection voltage and the open circuit voltage of the PV input channel, identifying the PV input channel corresponding to the voltage variation, and determining a connection relationship of the PV input channel, comprising: setting the PV input channel that has performed the conduction control operation of the boost circuit as a reference channel; subtracting the detection voltage from the open circuit voltage of the reference channel to obtain a voltage variation of the reference channel; if the voltage variation of the reference channel is less than or equal to a second preset threshold, marking the reference channel as a constant voltage channel.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The grouping of the PV input channels according to the open circuit voltages to obtain a target group comprises: comparing the open circuit voltages of each of the PV input channels two by two to calculate the difference between the open circuit voltages; when the open circuit voltage of a certain PV input channel has a difference from the open circuit voltages of other PV input channels greater than a first preset threshold, determining that the certain PV input channel is an independent group; when the difference between the open circuit voltages of a plurality of PV input channels is within a preset range, determining that the plurality of PV input channels are a target group.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The determination of a voltage variation of the PV input channel according to the detection voltage and the open circuit voltage of the PV input channel, the identification of the PV input channel corresponding to the voltage variation, and the determination of a connection relationship of the PV input channel further comprise: if the voltage variation of the reference channel is greater than a second preset threshold, detecting the detection voltages of other PV input channels in the same group when the conduction control operation of the boost circuit is performed on the reference channel, subtracting the detection voltage of the reference channel from the detection voltages of the other PV input channels in the same group to obtain a real-time voltage difference between the reference channel and the other PV input channels in the same group; determining a connection relationship of the reference channel and the other PV input channels in the same group according to the real-time voltage difference.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, After performing the marking of the reference channel as a constant voltage channel when the voltage variation of the reference channel is less than or equal to a second preset threshold, the method further comprises: continuing the conduction control operation of the boost circuit on other PV input channels in the same group; after completing the conduction control operation of the boost circuit on all PV input channels in the same group, determining that all PV input channels marked as constant voltage channels are connected in parallel.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein, The determining the connection relationship between the reference channel and the other PV input channels in the same group according to the real-time voltage difference comprises: when the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference is less than a third preset threshold, it is determined that the reference channel and the corresponding other PV input channels in the same group are connected in parallel; when the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, the other PV input channels in the same group corresponding to the real-time voltage difference are independent channels; when the absolute values of the real-time voltage differences between the reference channel and all the other PV input channels in the same group are greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, it is determined that the reference channel is an independent channel.

6. A PV input channel identification apparatus, characterized by comprising: The device comprises: an open-circuit voltage acquisition module configured to acquire open-circuit voltages of the PV input channels; a grouping module configured to group the PV input channels according to the open-circuit voltages to obtain a target group, the target group comprising the PV input channels whose open-circuit voltage differences are within a preset range; a voltage variation amount acquisition module configured to apply a conduction signal to one of the PV input channels in the target group, so that a switching device of a boost circuit corresponding to the PV input channel is turned on, a conduction control operation of the boost circuit is performed, and a detection voltage of the PV input channel when the conduction control operation of the boost circuit is performed is acquired after the conduction control operation is performed for a preset time length; a PV input channel identification module configured to obtain a voltage variation amount of the PV input channel according to the detection voltage and the open-circuit voltage of the PV input channel, identify the PV input channel corresponding to the voltage variation amount, and determine a connection relationship of the PV input channel, comprising: a reference channel setting unit configured to set the PV input channel on which the conduction control operation of the boost circuit is performed as a reference channel; a voltage variation amount calculation unit configured to subtract the detection voltage from the open-circuit voltage of the reference channel to obtain a voltage variation amount of the reference channel; a first judgment unit configured to mark the reference channel as a constant-voltage channel if the voltage variation amount of the reference channel is less than or equal to a second preset threshold.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein, The PV input channel identification module further comprises: a second judgment unit configured to detect the detection voltages of the other PV input channels in the same group when the conduction control operation of the boost circuit is performed on the reference channel, subtract the detection voltage of the reference channel from the detection voltages of the other PV input channels in the same group to obtain a real-time voltage difference between the reference channel and the other PV input channels in the same group, and determine the connection relationship between the reference channel and the other PV input channels in the same group according to the real-time voltage difference. The connection relationship judgment unit is specifically configured to:

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein, when the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference is less than a third preset threshold, it is determined that the reference channel and the corresponding other PV input channels in the same group are connected in parallel; ​ When the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference is greater than or equal to a third preset threshold value, the other PV input channels in the same group corresponding to the real-time voltage difference are independent channels. When the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference between the reference channel and all other PV input channels in the same group is greater than or equal to a third preset threshold value, the reference channel is determined to be an independent channel.

9. An electronic device, comprising: The PV input channel identification method comprises the following steps: A memory connected to a processor, the processor is used to execute one or more computer programs stored in the memory, and the processor executes the one or more computer programs to enable the electronic device to implement the PV input channel identification method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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