Biomass boiler waste gas treatment system
The biomass boiler exhaust gas treatment system, through a three-stage purification chain and energy-saving loop, solves the problem that biomass boiler exhaust gas cannot meet environmental protection standards, achieving efficient purification and energy consumption control, while also taking into account the recovery and utilization of waste heat from the exhaust gas.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511651845.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-23
AI Technical Summary
The exhaust gas from biomass boilers cannot meet the increasingly stringent national environmental protection standards, especially the emission requirements for sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, and existing technologies are unable to achieve efficient purification and energy consumption control.
The system adopts a three-stage purification chain of "preliminary dust removal - desulfurization and denitrification - secondary dust removal", combined with an independent energy-saving mechanism and an energy-saving loop of "waste gas waste heat - boiler reuse", and constructs a complete process treatment system through components such as cyclone spray tower, ozone generator, and wet electrostatic precipitator.
It achieves efficient purification of waste gas from biomass boilers, reduces energy consumption, ensures stable emissions, meets environmental protection standards, and recovers waste heat from waste gas for boiler reuse.
Smart Images
Figure CN121177941A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of boiler flue gas treatment technology, and in particular to a biomass boiler exhaust gas treatment system. Background Technology
[0002] Biomass boilers, as important equipment for biomass energy utilization, are boilers that use biomass energy as fuel. Agricultural production waste, such as rotated rubberwood, branches, eucalyptus wood, bark, municipal and landscaping waste, and timber scraps, as well as crop straw including rice straw, sorghum straw, wheat straw, rice straw, bean straw, and cotton stalks, and waste from agricultural processing industries, can all be used as fuel for biomass boilers. Biomass boilers emit lower levels of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in their flue gas. Therefore, compared to coal-fired boilers, biomass energy is characterized by its renewability, low pollution, wide distribution, and abundant quantity. However, with the increasing national environmental standards for boiler flue gas emissions, biomass boilers are no longer adequate for the new environmental requirements. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biomass boiler exhaust gas treatment system that removes different types of pollutants from exhaust gas through a three-stage purification chain of "preliminary dust removal - desulfurization and denitrification - secondary dust removal"; constructs an energy-saving loop of "exhaust gas waste heat - boiler reuse" through an independent energy-saving mechanism; and achieves full-process treatment of exhaust gas from "energy-saving recovery - multi-stage purification - stable emission", taking into account purification efficiency, energy consumption control and operational stability.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a biomass boiler exhaust gas treatment system, including a biomass boiler body, an energy-saving mechanism connected to one side of the biomass boiler body, a preliminary dust removal mechanism connected to one side of the energy-saving mechanism, a desulfurization and denitrification mechanism connected to one side of the preliminary dust removal mechanism, a secondary dust removal mechanism connected to one side of the desulfurization and denitrification mechanism, and a flue gas exhaust mechanism connected to one side of the secondary dust removal mechanism.
[0005] Preferably, the desulfurization and denitrification mechanism includes a cyclone spray tower and an ozone generator. One side of the cyclone spray tower is connected to a first flue gas duct, and the other end of the first flue gas duct is connected to a preliminary dust removal mechanism. The cyclone spray tower is connected to a secondary dust removal mechanism. A connection port is provided on the first flue gas duct, and a check valve is connected to the connection port. The other end of the check valve is connected to a first gas supply pipe. The ozone generator is connected to the other end of the first gas supply pipe, and the other end of the ozone generator is connected to a gas supply assembly.
[0006] Preferably, the gas delivery assembly includes a first gas storage tank, a second gas delivery pipe connected to one side of the first gas storage tank, an ozone generator connected to the other end of the second gas delivery pipe, a third gas delivery pipe connected to the other side of the first gas storage tank, and an oxygen generator connected to the other end of the third gas delivery pipe.
[0007] Preferably, the gas delivery assembly further includes a second gas storage tank, a fourth gas delivery pipe connected to one side of the second gas storage tank, a refrigerated dryer connected to the other end of the fourth gas delivery pipe, a fifth gas delivery pipe connected to one side of the refrigerated dryer, and an oxygen generator connected to the other end of the fifth gas delivery pipe.
[0008] Preferably, the cyclone spray tower is equipped with a first water tank, a first water pump is connected to one side of the first water tank, a first water supply pipe is connected to the first water pump, and the other end of the first water supply pipe is connected to the cyclone spray tower.
[0009] Preferably, the preliminary dust removal mechanism includes a cyclone dust collector connected to a first flue gas duct, a second flue gas duct connected to one side of the cyclone dust collector, and an energy-saving mechanism connected to the other end of the second flue gas duct.
[0010] Preferably, the energy-saving mechanism includes a boiler economizer, one side of which is connected to a second flue gas duct, and the other side of which is connected to a third flue gas duct, the other end of which is connected to the biomass boiler body.
[0011] Preferably, the secondary dust removal mechanism includes a wet electrostatic precipitator, one side of which is connected to a fourth flue gas duct, the other end of which is connected to a cyclone spray tower, and the wet electrostatic precipitator is connected to a smoke exhaust mechanism.
[0012] Preferably, the wet electrostatic precipitator is connected to a drain pipe, the other end of which is connected to a second water tank. A second water pump is connected to one side of the second water tank, and a second water supply pipe is connected to the second water pump. The other end of the second water supply pipe is connected to the wet electrostatic precipitator.
[0013] Preferably, the smoke exhaust mechanism includes an induced draft fan and a chimney. A fifth flue gas duct is connected to one side of the induced draft fan, and the other end of the fifth flue gas duct is connected to a wet electrostatic precipitator. A sixth flue gas duct is connected to the chimney, and the other end of the sixth flue gas duct is connected to the induced draft fan.
[0014] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned biomass boiler exhaust gas treatment system, which removes different types of pollutants in the exhaust gas through a three-stage purification chain of "preliminary dust removal - desulfurization and denitrification - secondary dust removal"; and constructs an energy-saving loop of "exhaust gas waste heat - boiler reuse" through an independent energy-saving mechanism; and realizes the whole process treatment of exhaust gas "energy-saving recovery - multi-stage purification - stable emission", taking into account purification efficiency, energy consumption control and operational stability.
[0015] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the biomass boiler exhaust gas treatment system in this invention; Figure 2This is a process flow diagram of the biomass boiler exhaust gas treatment in this invention.
[0017] Figure Labels 1. Biomass boiler body; 2. Cyclone spray tower; 3. Ozone generator; 4. First flue gas duct; 5. Connection port; 6. Check valve; 7. First gas supply pipe; 8. First gas storage tank; 9. Second gas supply pipe; 10. Third gas supply pipe; 11. Oxygen generator; 12. Second gas storage tank; 13. Fourth gas supply pipe; 14. Refrigerated dryer; 15. Fifth gas supply pipe; 16. First water tank; 17. First water pump; 18. First water supply pipe; 19. Cyclone dust collector; 20. Second flue gas duct; 21. Boiler economizer; 22. Third flue gas duct; 23. Wet electrostatic precipitator; 24. Fourth flue gas duct; 25. Drain pipe; 26. Second water tank; 27. Second water pump; 28. Second water supply pipe; 29. Exhaust fan; 30. Chimney; 31. Fifth flue gas duct; 32. Sixth flue gas duct. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0019] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.
[0020] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a biomass boiler exhaust gas treatment system includes an energy-saving mechanism connected to one side of the biomass boiler body 1, a preliminary dust removal mechanism connected to one end of the energy-saving mechanism, a desulfurization and denitrification mechanism connected to one side of the preliminary dust removal mechanism, a secondary dust removal mechanism connected to one side of the desulfurization and denitrification mechanism, and a flue gas exhaust mechanism connected to one side of the secondary dust removal mechanism. The system is connected to an external control system (not shown in the figure), and the control system adopts the principle of "decentralized control, centralized monitoring and operation".
[0021] The desulfurization and denitrification mechanism includes a cyclone spray tower 2 and an ozone generator 3. The air inlet of the cyclone spray tower 2 is connected to a first flue gas duct 4 via a flange. A valve is installed at the air inlet of the cyclone spray tower 2. The other end of the first flue gas duct 4 is connected to a preliminary dust removal mechanism. The cyclone spray tower 2 is connected to a secondary dust removal mechanism. A connection port 5 is installed on the first flue gas duct 4. A check valve 6 is connected to the connection port 5 via a flange. The other end of the check valve 6 is connected to a first gas supply pipe 7 via a flange. The other end of the first gas supply pipe 7 is connected to the air outlet of the ozone generator 3 via a flange. A valve is installed at the air outlet of the ozone generator 3. The other end of the ozone generator 3 is connected to a gas supply assembly.
[0022] The gas delivery assembly includes a first gas storage tank 8 and an oxygen generator 11. The outlet of the first gas storage tank 8 is connected to a second gas delivery pipe 9 via a flange. A valve is installed at the outlet of the first gas storage tank 8. The other end of the second gas delivery pipe 9 is connected to the inlet of the ozone generator 3 via a flange. A valve is installed at the inlet of the ozone generator 3. The inlet of the first gas storage tank 8 is connected to a third gas delivery pipe 10 via a flange. A valve is installed at the inlet of the first gas storage tank 8. The other end of the third gas delivery pipe 10 is connected to the outlet of the oxygen generator 11 via a flange.
[0023] The gas delivery assembly also includes a second gas storage tank 12 and a refrigerated dryer 14. The outlet of the second gas storage tank 12 is connected to a fourth gas delivery pipe 13 via a flange. A valve is installed at the outlet of the second gas storage tank 12. The other end of the fourth gas delivery pipe 13 is connected to the inlet of the refrigerated dryer 14 via a flange. The outlet of the refrigerated dryer 14 is connected to a fifth gas delivery pipe 15 via a flange. The other end of the fifth gas delivery pipe 15 is connected to the inlet of the oxygen generator 11 via a flange. An external gas source (not shown in the figure) is connected to the inlet of the second gas storage tank 12. A valve is installed at the inlet of the second gas storage tank 12.
[0024] The first water tank 16 is integrally formed on one side of the cyclone spray tower 2. The outlet of the first water tank 16 is connected to the first water pump 17 through a flange. A valve is installed at the outlet of the first water tank 16. The first water pump 17 is connected to the first water supply pipe 18 through a flange. The other end of the first water supply pipe 18 is connected to the inlet of the cyclone spray tower 2 through a flange. A discharge port is provided at the top of the side wall of the first water tank 16, and a sewage outlet is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the first water tank 16.
[0025] The preliminary dust removal mechanism includes a cyclone dust collector 19. The outlet of the cyclone dust collector 19 is connected to the first flue gas duct 4 via a flange. The inlet of the cyclone dust collector 19 is connected to the second flue gas duct 20 via a flange. A valve is installed at the inlet of the cyclone dust collector 19. The other end of the second flue gas duct 20 is connected to the energy-saving mechanism.
[0026] The energy-saving mechanism includes a boiler economizer 21. The outlet of the boiler economizer 21 is connected to the second flue gas duct 20 via a flange. The inlet of the boiler economizer 21 is connected to the third flue gas duct 22 via a flange. The other end of the third flue gas duct 22 is connected to the outlet of the biomass boiler body 1 via a flange.
[0027] The secondary dust removal mechanism includes a wet electrostatic precipitator 23. The air inlet of the wet electrostatic precipitator 23 is connected to a fourth flue gas duct 24 via a flange. A valve is installed at the air inlet of the wet electrostatic precipitator 23. The other end of the fourth flue gas duct 24 is connected to the air outlet of the cyclone spray tower 2 via a flange. The wet electrostatic precipitator 23 is connected to the smoke exhaust mechanism.
[0028] The drain outlet of the wet electrostatic precipitator 23 is connected to a drain pipe 25 via a flange. A valve is installed at the drain outlet of the wet electrostatic precipitator 23. The other end of the drain pipe 25 is connected to a second water tank 26 via a flange. The outlet of the second water tank 26 is connected to a second water pump 27 via a flange. A second water supply pipe 28 is connected to the second water pump 27 via a flange. The other end of the second water supply pipe 28 is connected to the inlet of the wet electrostatic precipitator 23 via a flange. A discharge port is provided at the top of the side wall of the second water tank 26, and a drain outlet is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the second water tank 26.
[0029] The smoke exhaust system includes an induced draft fan 29 and a chimney 30. The air inlet of the induced draft fan 29 is connected to a fifth flue gas duct 31 via a flange. The other end of the fifth flue gas duct 31 is connected to the air outlet of the wet electrostatic precipitator 23 via a flange. The air inlet of the chimney 30 is connected to a sixth flue gas duct 32 via a flange. The other end of the sixth flue gas duct 32 is connected to the air outlet of the induced draft fan 29 via a flange.
[0030] Working principle: Preliminary dust removal stage: The exhaust gas discharged from the biomass boiler body 1 first enters the boiler economizer 21 through the third flue gas duct 22 to recover heat, and then enters the cyclone dust collector 19 through the second flue gas duct 20 to remove large-particle dust. Desulfurization and denitrification stage: The exhaust gas after preliminary dust removal is mixed with ozone generated by ozone generator 3 through the first flue gas duct 4 and enters the cyclone spray tower 2 together. The spray liquid circulating in the first water tank 16 in the tower achieves desulfurization and ozone denitrification. Secondary dust removal stage: The exhaust gas after desulfurization and denitrification enters the wet electrostatic precipitator 23 through the fourth flue gas duct 24 to further remove fine particulate matter; Exhaust stage: The exhaust gas after secondary dust removal enters the induced draft fan 29 through the fifth flue gas duct 31, and under its power, it is discharged from the chimney 30 through the sixth flue gas duct 32; The entire system is managed by an external control system that follows the principle of "decentralized control, centralized monitoring and operation", and the valves at each stage ensure that the process is controllable.
[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims
1. A biomass boiler exhaust gas treatment system, characterized in that: The system includes a biomass boiler body, an energy-saving mechanism connected to one side of the biomass boiler body, a preliminary dust removal mechanism connected to one side of the energy-saving mechanism, a desulfurization and denitrification mechanism connected to one side of the preliminary dust removal mechanism, a secondary dust removal mechanism connected to one side of the desulfurization and denitrification mechanism, and a flue gas exhaust mechanism connected to one side of the secondary dust removal mechanism.
2. The biomass boiler exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The desulfurization and denitrification mechanism includes a cyclone spray tower and an ozone generator. One side of the cyclone spray tower is connected to a first flue gas duct, and the other end of the first flue gas duct is connected to the primary dust removal mechanism. The cyclone spray tower is connected to the secondary dust removal mechanism. A connection port is provided on the first flue gas duct, and a check valve is connected to the connection port. The other end of the check valve is connected to a first gas supply pipe. The ozone generator is connected to the other end of the first gas supply pipe, and the other end of the ozone generator is connected to a gas supply assembly.
3. The biomass boiler exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas delivery assembly includes a first gas storage tank, a second gas delivery pipe connected to one side of the first gas storage tank, the other end of the second gas delivery pipe connected to the ozone generator, a third gas delivery pipe connected to the other side of the first gas storage tank, and an oxygen generator connected to the other end of the third gas delivery pipe.
4. The biomass boiler exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gas delivery assembly also includes a second gas storage tank, a fourth gas delivery pipe connected to one side of the second gas storage tank, a refrigerated dryer connected to the other end of the fourth gas delivery pipe, a fifth gas delivery pipe connected to one side of the refrigerated dryer, and an oxygen generator connected to the other end of the fifth gas delivery pipe.
5. A biomass boiler exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cyclone spray tower is equipped with a first water tank, a first water pump is connected to one side of the first water tank, a first water supply pipe is connected to the first water pump, and the other end of the first water supply pipe is connected to the cyclone spray tower.
6. The biomass boiler exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preliminary dust removal mechanism includes a cyclone dust collector, which is connected to the first flue gas duct. A second flue gas duct is connected to one side of the cyclone dust collector, and the other end of the second flue gas duct is connected to the energy-saving mechanism.
7. A biomass boiler exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The energy-saving mechanism includes a boiler economizer, one side of which is connected to the second flue gas duct, and the other side of which is connected to a third flue gas duct. The other end of the third flue gas duct is connected to the biomass boiler body.
8. A biomass boiler exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The secondary dust removal mechanism includes a wet electrostatic precipitator, one side of which is connected to a fourth flue gas duct, and the other end of which is connected to the cyclone spray tower. The wet electrostatic precipitator is also connected to the exhaust mechanism.
9. A biomass boiler exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The wet electrostatic precipitator is connected to a drain pipe, and the other end of the drain pipe is connected to a second water tank. A second water pump is connected to one side of the second water tank, and a second water supply pipe is connected to the second water pump. The other end of the second water supply pipe is connected to the wet electrostatic precipitator.
10. A biomass boiler exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The smoke exhaust mechanism includes an induced draft fan and a chimney. A fifth flue gas duct is connected to one side of the induced draft fan, and the other end of the fifth flue gas duct is connected to the wet electrostatic precipitator. A sixth flue gas duct is connected to the chimney, and the other end of the sixth flue gas duct is connected to the induced draft fan.