Visual model structure of large roof and construction method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a visual model structure of a large roof and a construction method thereof, wherein the bottom end of a concrete giant column and a steel column assembly is fixed on a construction site; two planar trusses at least include a first planar truss and a second planar truss; the bottom of a roof system component is supported by the concrete giant column, the steel column assembly and the two planar trusses; two ends of a beam string structure are respectively fixed on the first planar truss and the second planar truss, and two ends of a cable assembly in the beam string structure are respectively connected to the first planar truss and the second planar truss; a secondary beam component is supported by the roof system component and a plurality of beam string structures. According to the application, the installation of the visual model structure of the large roof can be implemented by using a small amount of temporary measures on site, so that the construction cost of the building is reduced, the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction of the entire large roof building structure can be effectively guided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of special purpose building technology, and more particularly to visual template structures for large roofs and their construction methods. Background Technology

[0002] Large roof structures typically refer to building roofs with large spans (e.g., greater than 15 meters), complex roof shapes (e.g., curved surfaces, irregular shapes, space frames, or grid shells), or large coverage areas (e.g., exceeding 1000 square meters). They are commonly found in stadiums, airport terminals, exhibition halls, and large factories. The construction method must be selected based on the structural form (reinforced concrete, steel structure, or steel-concrete composite), site conditions, and aesthetic requirements.

[0003] For example, taking the sliding construction method—a core technology for large-span steel structure roofs—as an example, it is mainly used for scenarios where the roof span is extremely large and it is impossible to erect a full scaffold on site. The principle is to set parallel sliding rails (steel rails) at the roof supports, assemble the roof structure in sections on one side of the ground or a temporary platform, and then slide the assembled roof along the sliding rails, either as a whole or in sections, to the design position using hydraulic jacks and traction equipment, and finally fix the supports. However, before sliding using the above method, an assembly platform needs to be erected (if on the ground, it needs to be hardened; if at height, temporary supports need to be set up), and the roof needs to be temporarily reinforced to prevent instability during sliding. After sliding, the sliding rails and temporary supports need to be removed. These temporary measures not only increase the construction cost but also increase the total construction time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a visual template structure for large roofs and its construction method, aiming to solve the problem that in the prior art, when using the sliding construction method of the core technology of large-span steel structure roofs for the construction of large roof structures, the temporary measures taken not only increase the construction cost, but also increase the total construction time.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a visual template structure for a large roof, comprising: a concrete mega-column, a steel column assembly, two planar trusses, several tensioned beams, roof system components, and secondary beam components; the bottom ends of the concrete mega-column and the steel column assembly are fixed to the foundation of the construction site, and the concrete mega-column and the steel column assembly are spaced apart; the two planar trusses include at least a first planar truss and a second planar truss, the bottom of the first end of the first planar truss is fixedly connected to the top of the concrete mega-column, and the bottom of the second end of the first planar truss is fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assembly. Both ends of the second planar truss are fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assembly; both ends of the roof system component are fixed to the first planar truss and the second planar truss respectively, and a partial section of the roof system component is fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assembly; both ends of each of the plurality of tension beams are fixed to the first planar truss and the second planar truss respectively, and a partial section of the cable assembly in the tension beam is connected to the vertical structure in the tension beam through a connecting node assembly, and both ends of the cable assembly in the tension beam are connected to the first planar truss and the second planar truss respectively;

[0006] Wherein, when the total number of tensioned beams is 1, the bottom of the roof system component is supported by the concrete mega-column, the steel column assembly, and the two planar trusses; the secondary beam component is supported by the roof system component and the tensioned beams.

[0007] When the total number of tensioned beams is greater than 1, the two ends of the secondary beam member are fixedly connected to the two adjacent tensioned beams, and the two ends of the roof system member are connected to the secondary beam member.

[0008] Furthermore, the two ends of the steel pipe structure in the tensioned beam are respectively fixed to the first planar truss and the second planar truss, and the top end of the vertical structure is fixedly connected to the middle section of the steel pipe structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the cable assembly in the tensioned beam includes a load-bearing cable structure and a wind-resistant cable structure; the two ends of the load-bearing cable structure are respectively connected to the first ear plate of the first planar truss and the second ear plate of the second planar truss, and a partial section of the load-bearing cable structure is connected to the vertical structure in the tensioned beam through a plurality of first connecting nodes in the connecting node assembly; the two ends of the wind-resistant cable structure are respectively connected to the third ear plate of the first planar truss and the fourth ear plate of the second planar truss, and a partial section of the wind-resistant cable structure is connected to the vertical structure in the tensioned beam through a plurality of second connecting nodes in the connecting node assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, each of the plurality of first connecting nodes is a single-cable connecting node, and each first connecting node includes a first connecting part of the single-cable node, a second connecting part of the single-cable node, and a middle part of the single-cable node; one end of the first connecting part of the single-cable node is fixedly connected to the middle part of the single-cable node, and the other end of the first connecting part of the single-cable node is used to connect to the load-bearing cable; one end of the second connecting part of the single-cable node is fixedly connected to the middle part of the single-cable node, and the other end of the second connecting part of the single-cable node is used to connect to the load-bearing cable;

[0011] Each of the plurality of second connection nodes is a double-cable connection node, and each second connection node includes a first connection part of the double-cable node, a second connection part of the double-cable node, and a pin; the pin is used to pass through the first connection part of the double-cable node, the vertical structure, and the second connection part of the double-cable node, so as to connect the first connection part of the double-cable node and the second connection part of the double-cable node to the vertical structure in the tensioned beam.

[0012] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a construction method for a visual template structure of a large roof, which is applied to the visual template structure of a large roof as described in the first aspect above and any possible implementation thereof, wherein the total number of tensioned beams in the visual template structure of the large roof is 1, and the construction method of the visual template structure of the large roof includes:

[0013] The concrete mega-columns and steel column components in the visual template structure of the large roof are fixedly set in the installation area of ​​the construction site according to the first preset structural distribution position.

[0014] In the visual template structure of the large roof, the bottom of the first end of the first plane truss of the two plane trusses is fixedly connected to the top of the concrete mega-column, the bottom of the second end of the first plane truss is fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assembly, and the bottom of both ends of the second plane truss is fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assembly.

[0015] The two ends of the roof system component in the visual template structure of the large roof are fixed to the first planar truss and the second planar truss, respectively, and a local section of the roof system component is fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assembly.

[0016] In the visual template structure of the large roof, the tensioned beams and secondary beams are fixed to the first planar truss and the second planar truss by means of tensioned beam construction, and the secondary beams are supported by the roof system components and the plurality of tensioned beams.

[0017] Further, the step of fixing the tensioned beams and secondary beams in the visual template structure of the large roof to the first planar truss and the second planar truss using a tensioned beam construction method, and supporting the secondary beams by the roof system components and the plurality of tensioned beams, includes:

[0018] The jig is fixed in the installation area of ​​the site to be constructed according to the second preset structural distribution position;

[0019] Temporary cables are installed, with both ends connected to the steel pipe structure in the tensioned beam, and the tension value of the temporary cables reaches a preset tension value to prevent lateral instability.

[0020] The two ends of the steel pipe structure in the tensioned beam are respectively fixed to the first planar truss and the second planar truss, and the bottom end of the vertical structure in the tensioned beam is fixed to the top end of the jig.

[0021] The secondary beam members are supported by the roof system members and the plurality of tensioned beams;

[0022] The two ends of the load-bearing cable structure in the tensioned beam are respectively connected to the first ear plate of the first planar truss and the second ear plate of the second planar truss, and a local section of the load-bearing cable structure is connected to the vertical structure in the tensioned beam through a plurality of first connection nodes in the connection node assembly.

[0023] The two ends of the wind-resistant cable structure in the tensioned beam are respectively connected to the third ear plate of the first planar truss and the fourth ear plate of the second planar truss, and a local section of the wind-resistant cable structure is connected to the vertical structure in the tensioned beam through a number of second connection nodes in the connection node assembly.

[0024] The load-bearing cable structure is tensioned using a first cable tensioning method to achieve a first preset tension;

[0025] Remove the temporary cable from the steel pipe structure;

[0026] The wind-resistant cable structure is tensioned using a second cable tensioning method to achieve a second preset tension;

[0027] Remove the fixture from the installation area of ​​the site to be constructed.

[0028] Furthermore, after the temporary cable is removed from the steel pipe structure, and before the wind-resistant cable structure is tensioned to achieve the second preset tension using the second cable tensioning method, the method further includes:

[0029] In the steel pipe structure of the tensioned beam, at each of the multiple preset load-bearing hanging positions, a counterweight of corresponding weight is sequentially hung by a wire rope and a hand-operated hoist.

[0030] Furthermore, after tensioning the wind-resistant cable structure to achieve the second preset tension using the second cable tensioning method, the method further includes:

[0031] The steel wire ropes, hand-operated hoists, and counterweights connected to each preset load-bearing hanging position on the steel pipe structure are removed either in one go or in sections.

[0032] Furthermore, in the step of connecting the two ends of the load-bearing cable structure in the tensioned beam to the first ear plate of the first planar truss and the second ear plate of the second planar truss respectively, the cable heads at both ends of the load-bearing cable structure are adjusted to the corresponding first limit adjustment length and connected to the first ear plate of the first planar truss and the second ear plate of the second planar truss respectively.

[0033] In the step of connecting the two ends of the wind-resistant cable structure in the tensioned beam to the third ear plate of the first planar truss and the fourth ear plate of the second planar truss respectively, the cable heads at both ends of the wind-resistant cable structure are adjusted to the corresponding second limit adjustment length and connected to the third ear plate of the first planar truss and the fourth ear plate of the second planar truss respectively.

[0034] Furthermore, both the first preset tension and the second preset tension are positively correlated with the length of the tensioned beam, and the first preset tension is greater than the second preset tension.

[0035] This invention provides a visual template structure for a large roof and its construction method, comprising: concrete mega-columns, steel column assemblies, two planar trusses, several tensioned beams, roof system components, and secondary beam components; the bottom ends of the concrete mega-columns and steel column assemblies are fixed to the foundation of the construction site, and the concrete mega-columns and steel column assemblies are spaced apart; the two planar trusses include at least a first planar truss and a second planar truss, the bottom of the first end of the first planar truss is fixedly connected to the top of the concrete mega-column, the bottom of the second end of the first planar truss is fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assemblies, and the bottom ends of both ends of the second planar truss are fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assemblies; the two ends of each tensioned beam are respectively fixed to the first... On a first-plane truss and a second-plane truss, partial sections of the cable assemblies in the tensioned beams are connected to the vertical structure of the tensioned beams via connecting node assemblies, and the two ends of the cable assemblies in the tensioned beams are respectively connected to the first-plane truss and the second-plane truss; wherein, when the total number of tensioned beams is one, the bottom of the roof system component is supported by the concrete mega-column, the steel column assembly, and the two plane trusses; the secondary beam component is supported by the roof system component and the tensioned beams; when the total number of tensioned beams is greater than one, the two ends of the secondary beam component are respectively fixedly connected to two adjacent tensioned beams, and the two ends of the roof system component are respectively connected to the secondary beam component. This embodiment of the invention allows for the installation of a visual template structure for a large roof using only a few temporary on-site measures, which not only reduces construction costs but also improves construction efficiency and effectively guides the subsequent construction of the entire large roof structure. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a visual template structure for a large roof provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the first connecting node in the visual template structure of a large roof provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the second connecting node in the visual template structure of a large roof provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 A schematic flowchart illustrating the construction method of a visual template structure for a large roof provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a sub-process of the construction method for a visual template structure of a large roof provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0044] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0045] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a visual template structure for a large roof provided in an embodiment of the present invention. For example... Figure 1As shown, the visual template structure of the large roof includes: a concrete mega-column 100, a steel column assembly 200, two planar trusses 300, several tension beams 400, roof system components 500, and secondary beam components 600; the bottom ends of the concrete mega-column 100 and the steel column assembly 200 are fixed to the foundation of the construction site, and the concrete mega-column 100 and the steel column assembly 200 are spaced apart; the two planar trusses 300 include at least a first planar truss 310 and a second planar truss 320, the bottom of the first end of the first planar truss 310 is fixedly connected to the top of the concrete mega-column 100, and the first planar truss 320... The bottom of the second end of 310 is fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assembly 200, and the bottom of both ends of the second planar truss 320 are fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assembly 200; the two ends of each of the several tension beams 400 are respectively fixed to the first planar truss 310 and the second planar truss 320, a partial section of the cable assembly 410 in the tension beam 400 is connected to the vertical structure 430 in the tension beam 400 through the connecting node assembly 420, and the two ends of the cable assembly 410 in the tension beam 400 are respectively connected to the first planar truss 310 and the second planar truss 320;

[0047] When the total number of tensioned beams 400 is 1, the bottom of the roof system component 500 is supported by the concrete mega-column 100, the steel column assembly 200, and the two planar trusses 300; the secondary beam component 600 is supported by the roof system component 500 and the tensioned beams 400.

[0048] When the total number of tensioned beams 400 is greater than 1, the two ends of the secondary beam member 600 are respectively fixedly connected to the two adjacent tensioned beams 400, and the two ends of the roof system member 500 are respectively connected to the secondary beam member 600.

[0049] In this embodiment, taking a total of several tensioned beams of 400 as one example, the specific process for on-site construction and installation of the visual template structure of the large roof is as follows:

[0050] 1) Fix the concrete mega-column 100 and steel column assembly 200 in the installation area of ​​the site to be constructed according to the first preset structural distribution position;

[0051] 2) The bottom of the first end of the first plane truss 310 of the two plane trusses 300 is fixedly connected to the top of the concrete mega-column 100, the bottom of the second end of the first plane truss 310 is fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assembly 200, and the bottom of both ends of the second plane truss 320 is fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assembly 200.

[0052] 3) When the total number of tensioned beams 400 is 1, the roof system component 500 includes two parallel circular tube structures, referred to as the first circular tube structure and the second circular tube structure, respectively. The two circular tube structures are also parallel to the tensioned beams 400. The length of the first circular tube structure is greater than the length of the second circular tube structure. The two circular tube structures are similar to the steel tubes in the tensioned beams 400, that is, they adopt a consistent S-shaped bend with a gradually changing arc. The two ends of the first circular tube structure are fixed to the first planar truss 310 and the second planar truss 320, respectively, and a portion of its section is fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assembly 200. One end of the second circular tube structure is fixed to the first planar truss 310, and the other end is fixed to the top of the steel column assembly 200.

[0053] 4) The tensioned beam 400 and the secondary beam component 600 are fixed to the first plane truss 310 and the second plane truss 320 by means of tensioned beam construction, and the secondary beam component 600 is supported by the roof system component 500 and the tensioned beam 400.

[0054] In step 1), the concrete mega-column 100 is to be installed at least once, and the number of steel columns in the steel column assembly 200 can be referenced. Figure 1 At least five of them, specifically when the number of concrete mega-columns 100 is one and the number of steel columns in the steel column assembly 200 is five, then one concrete mega-column 100 and the five steel columns in the steel column assembly 200 form the supporting base structure of the entire roof's visual template structure; in a clockwise direction and starting from the concrete mega-column 100, the five steel columns in the steel column assembly 200 can be respectively labeled as the first steel column, the second steel column, the third steel column, the fourth steel column, and the fifth steel column (not listed in the original text). Figure 1 The text specifically refers to the aforementioned five steel columns.

[0055] In step 2), both the first planar truss 310 and the second planar truss 320 of the two planar trusses 300 can be lifted using a 200t truck crane (with a working radius of 24m, the lifting capacity of the 200t truck crane is taken as 90% of the theoretical value, the dynamic load coefficient during lifting is taken as 1.1, and the effective lifting capacity of the main boom length of 49.6m is 21.8t*90%=19.62t>8.7t*1.1=9.57t, which meets the lifting conditions requirements); more specifically, the bottom of the second end of the first planar truss 310 can be fixedly connected to the top of the first steel column in the steel column assembly 200, and the bottom of both ends of the second planar truss 320 can be fixedly connected to the tops of the third and fourth steel columns in the steel column assembly 200.

[0056] In step 3), the two ends of the first circular tube structure in the roof system component 500 are fixed to the first planar truss 310 and the second planar truss 320 respectively, and a portion of it is fixedly connected to the top of the second steel column in the steel column assembly 200; one end of the second circular tube structure is fixed to the top of the first planar truss 310, and the other end is fixed to the top of the fifth steel column in the steel column assembly 200. Similarly, it can also be hoisted by a 200t truck crane to achieve the above installation process.

[0057] The specific construction process in step 4) will be described in detail in the subsequent section on the construction method of the visual template structure for the large roof, and will not be elaborated here. Furthermore, when the tensioned beam 400 and secondary beam component 600 are constructed using the tensioned beam method, a 200t truck crane can still be used for the hoisting process. Finally, the glass curtain wall can be laid on the aluminum alloy T-beams fixed to the upper surface of the secondary beam component 600 in a segmented construction manner, with the aluminum alloy T-beams on the secondary beam component 600 serving as the supporting structure for the glass curtain wall.

[0058] Furthermore, the steel pipes in both the tension beam 400 and the roof system component 500 can adopt a consistent S-shaped bend, with the curvature of the bend being a gradually changing curve. The secondary beam component 600 includes multiple parallel box-shaped steel sections, and each box-shaped steel section is perpendicular to the aforementioned tension beam 400.

[0059] Of course, the above embodiment describes the installation process when the total number of tensioned beams is 1. When the total number of tensioned beams is greater than 1, the two ends of the secondary beam member are respectively fixedly connected to the two adjacent tensioned beams (that is, in this embodiment, the support of the secondary beam member relies only on the tensioned beams and no longer on the roof system members), and the two ends of the roof system members are respectively connected to the secondary beam members (such as the two ends of the roof system members being suspended and connected to the secondary beam members, that is, in this embodiment, the support of the roof system members no longer relies on the concrete mega-column, the steel column assembly, and the two planar trusses). In this embodiment, the tensioned beams and secondary beam members are first fixed to the first and second planar trusses using the tensioned beam construction method, and the two ends of the secondary beam members are respectively fixedly connected to the two adjacent tensioned beams, and then the two ends of the roof system members are respectively connected to the secondary beam members.

[0060] Regardless of whether the total number of tensioned beams is one or more, the force transmission path of the entire structure is as follows:

[0061] A1) Transmission of vertical force: The vertical load of the overall structure is transmitted through the roof system component 500 to the secondary beam component 600, then to the tension beam 400, then to the two planar trusses 300, and finally to the lower concrete mega-column 100 and steel column component 200.

[0062] A2) Transmission of horizontal forces: The concrete mega-column 100 and steel column assembly 200 are the main lateral force resisting system. The horizontal load of the overall structure is transmitted through the roof system component 500 to the secondary beam component 600, then to the tension beam 400, then to the two planar trusses 300, and finally to the lower concrete mega-column 100 and steel column assembly 200, and then to the foundation.

[0063] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the two ends of the steel pipe structure 440 in the tensioned beam 400 are fixed to the first planar truss 310 and the second planar truss 320 respectively, and the top end of the vertical structure 430 is fixedly connected to the middle section of the steel pipe structure 440.

[0064] In this embodiment, when installing the steel pipe structure 440 of the tensioned beam 400 onto the first planar truss 310 and the second planar truss 320, a 200t truck crane can be used for hoisting. Additionally, multiple vertical structures 430 (such as...) need to be installed in the middle section of the steel pipe structure 440. Figure 1 Two vertical structures 430 are provided in the middle to serve as the fixing structure for the connecting node assembly 420 in the tensioned beam 400.

[0065] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the cable assembly 410 in the tensioned beam 400 includes a load-bearing cable structure 411 and a wind-resistant cable structure 412. The two ends of the load-bearing cable structure 411 are respectively connected to the first ear plate (not shown) of the first planar truss 310 and the second ear plate (not shown) of the second planar truss 320. A partial section of the load-bearing cable structure 411 is connected to the vertical structure 430 in the tensioned beam 400 through a plurality of first connecting nodes 421 in the connecting node assembly 420. The two ends of the wind-resistant cable structure 412 are respectively connected to the third ear plate (not shown) of the first planar truss 310 and the fourth ear plate (not shown) of the second planar truss 320. A partial section of the wind-resistant cable structure 412 is connected to the vertical structure 430 in the tensioned beam 400 through a plurality of second connecting nodes 422 in the connecting node assembly 420.

[0066] In this embodiment, the steel pipe structure 440 and the load-bearing cable structure 411 are connected by the vertical structure 430 to form a self-balancing spatial structure system. The wind-resistant cable structure 412 can prevent the visual template structure of the entire roof from lateral instability.

[0067] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, each of the plurality of first connection nodes 421 is a single-cable connection node, and each first connection node 421 includes a single-cable node first connection part 4212, a single-cable node second connection part 4213, and a single-cable node middle part 4211; one end of the single-cable node first connection part 4212 is fixedly connected to the single-cable node middle part 4211, and the other end of the single-cable node first connection part 4212 is used to connect to the load-bearing cable; one end of the single-cable node second connection part 4213 is fixedly connected to the single-cable node middle part 4211, and the other end of the single-cable node second connection part 4213 is used to connect to the load-bearing cable;

[0068] Each of the plurality of second connection nodes 422 is a double-cable connection node, and each second connection node 422 includes a first connection part 4221 of the double-cable node, a second connection part 4222 of the double-cable node, and a pin 4223; the pin 4223 is used to pass through the first connection part 4221 of the double-cable node, the vertical structure 430, and the second connection part 4222 of the double-cable node, so as to connect the first connection part 4221 of the double-cable node and the second connection part 4222 of the double-cable node to the vertical structure 430 in the tension beam 400.

[0069] In this embodiment, when the first connecting node 421 and the second connecting node 422 with the above structure are used, if a set of load-bearing cables and two sets of wind-resistant cables are specifically used, and there are two vertical structures 430 in the tensioned beam 400 (referred to as the first vertical structure and the second vertical structure respectively, the first vertical structure can be a reference). Figure 1 The vertical structure closer to the first planar truss 310, and the second vertical structure can be referenced. Figure 1When the vertical structure is closer to the second planar truss 320, two first connecting nodes 421 and two second connecting nodes 422 are also required. The first end of the first segment of the load-bearing cable is connected to the first ear plate of the first planar truss 310, and the second end of the first segment of the load-bearing cable is connected to the first connecting part of the single cable node of the first first connecting node. The second connecting part of the single cable node of the first first connecting node is connected to the first connecting part of the single cable node of the second first connecting node through the second segment of the load-bearing cable. The second connecting part of the single cable node of the second first connecting node is connected to the second ear plate of the second planar truss 320 through the third segment of the load-bearing cable. The middle part of the single cable node of the first first connecting node can be screwed to the first vertical structure, and the middle part of the single cable node of the second first connecting node can be screwed to the second vertical structure. The specific structure of the first connecting part 4221 and the second connecting part 4222 of the double cable node can also refer to the specific structure of the first connecting node 421, which is also a three-segment structure, and will not be described in detail here.

[0070] If the two sets of wind-resistant cables are respectively referred to as the first wind-resistant cable and the second wind-resistant cable, then the first end of the first segment of the first wind-resistant cable is connected to the third ear plate of the first planar truss 310, the second end of the first segment of the first wind-resistant cable is connected to the first end of the first connecting part of the double cable node of the first second connecting node, the second end of the first connecting part of the double cable node of the first second connecting node is connected to the first end of the first connecting part of the double cable node of the second second connecting node through the second segment of the first wind-resistant cable, and the second connecting part of the double cable node of the second second connecting node is connected to the third ear plate of the second planar truss 320 through the third segment of the first wind-resistant cable.

[0071] The second end of the first segment of the second wind-resistant cable is connected to the first end of the second connecting part of the double-cable node of the first second connecting node. The second end of the second connecting part of the double-cable node of the first second connecting node is connected to the first end of the second connecting part of the double-cable node of the second second connecting node through the second segment of the second wind-resistant cable. The second connecting part of the double-cable node of the second second connecting node is connected to the fourth ear plate of the second planar truss 320 through the third segment of the second wind-resistant cable. It can be seen that the cable connection structure described above facilitates the fixed installation and tensioning of the cable assembly.

[0072] This invention also provides a construction method for a visual template structure of a large roof, which is applied to the visual template structure of a large roof as described in any of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the total number of tensioned beams in the visual template structure of the large roof is 1. Figure 4 As shown, the construction method of the visual template structure of the large roof includes steps S110 to S140.

[0073] S110. The concrete mega-columns and steel column components in the visual template structure of the large roof are fixedly set in the installation area of ​​the construction site according to the first preset structural distribution position.

[0074] S120. The bottom of the first end of the first plane truss of the two plane trusses in the visual template structure of the large roof is fixedly connected to the top of the concrete mega-column, the bottom of the second end of the first plane truss is fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assembly, and the bottom of both ends of the second plane truss is fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assembly.

[0075] S130. Fix both ends of the roof system component in the visual template structure of the large roof to the first planar truss and the second planar truss respectively, and fix a partial section of the roof system component to the top of the steel column assembly.

[0076] S140. The tensioned beams and secondary beams in the visual template structure of the large roof are fixed to the first planar truss and the second planar truss by means of tensioned beam construction. The secondary beams are supported by the roof system components and the plurality of tensioned beams.

[0077] In this embodiment, the specific structure of the visual template structure of the large roof can be referred to Figure 1 The visual template structure of the large roof includes:

[0078] The system comprises a concrete mega-column 100, a steel column assembly 200, two planar trusses 300, several tensioned beams 400, a roof system component 500, and secondary beam components 600. The bottom ends of the concrete mega-column 100 and the steel column assembly 200 are fixed to the foundation of the construction site, with the concrete mega-column 100 and the steel column assembly 200 spaced apart. The two planar trusses 300 include at least a first planar truss 310 and a second planar truss 320. The bottom of the first end of the first planar truss 310 is fixedly connected to the top of the concrete mega-column 100, and the bottom of the second end of the first planar truss 310 is fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assembly 200. The bottom ends of both ends of the second planar truss 320 are fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assembly 200. Each tensioned beam 400 has its two ends fixed to the first planar truss 310 and the second planar truss 320, respectively. On the truss 320, a partial section of the cable assembly 410 in the tensioned beam 400 is connected to the vertical structure 430 in the tensioned beam 400 via a connecting node assembly 420, and the two ends of the cable assembly 410 in the tensioned beam 400 are respectively connected to the first planar truss 310 and the second planar truss 320; wherein, when the total number of tensioned beams 400 is 1, the bottom of the roof system component 500 is supported by the concrete mega-column 100, the steel column assembly 200 and the two planar trusses 300; the secondary beam component 600 is supported by the roof system component 500 and the tensioned beams 400; when the total number of tensioned beams 400 is greater than 1, the two ends of the secondary beam component 600 are respectively fixedly connected to two adjacent tensioned beams 400, and the two ends of the roof system component 500 are respectively connected to the secondary beam component 600.

[0079] When constructing and installing the visual template structure of the large roof on-site, the concrete mega-column 100 in step S110 should be at least one, and the number of steel columns in the steel column assembly 200 can be referenced. Figure 1 At least five of them, specifically when the number of concrete mega-columns 100 is one and the number of steel columns in the steel column assembly 200 is five, then one concrete mega-column 100 and the five steel columns in the steel column assembly 200 form the supporting base structure of the entire roof's visual template structure; in a clockwise direction and starting from the concrete mega-column 100, the five steel columns in the steel column assembly 200 can be respectively labeled as the first steel column, the second steel column, the third steel column, the fourth steel column, and the fifth steel column (not listed in the original text). Figure 1 The text specifically refers to the aforementioned five steel columns.

[0080] In step S120, both the first planar truss 310 and the second planar truss 320 of the two planar trusses 300 can be lifted using a 200t truck crane (with a working radius of 24m, the lifting capacity of the 200t truck crane is taken as 90% of the theoretical value, the dynamic load coefficient during lifting is taken as 1.1, and the effective lifting capacity of the main boom length of 49.6m is 21.8t*90%=19.62t>8.7t*1.1=9.57t, which meets the requirements of the lifting conditions); more specifically, the bottom of the second end of the first planar truss 310 can be fixedly connected to the top of the first steel column in the steel column assembly 200, and the bottom of both ends of the second planar truss 320 can be fixedly connected to the tops of the third and fourth steel columns in the steel column assembly 200.

[0081] In step S130, the two ends of the first circular tube structure in the roof system component 500 are fixed to the first planar truss 310 and the second planar truss 320 respectively, and a portion of it is fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assembly 200; one end of the second circular tube structure is fixed to the first planar truss 310, and the other end is fixed to the top of the steel column assembly 200. Similarly, it can also be hoisted by a 200t truck crane to achieve the above installation process.

[0082] Furthermore, when the tensioned beam 400 and secondary beam components 600 are constructed using the tensioned beam method, a 200t truck crane can still be used for the hoisting process.

[0083] Furthermore, the steel pipes in both the tension beam 400 and the roof system component 500 can adopt a consistent S-shaped bend, with the curvature of the bend being a gradually changing curve. The secondary beam component 600 includes multiple parallel box-shaped steel sections, and each box-shaped steel section is perpendicular to the aforementioned tension beam 400.

[0084] Of course, the above embodiment describes the installation process when the total number of tensioned beams is 1. When the total number of tensioned beams is greater than 1, the two ends of the secondary beam member are respectively fixedly connected to the two adjacent tensioned beams (that is, in this embodiment, the support of the secondary beam member relies only on the tensioned beams and no longer on the roof system members), and the two ends of the roof system members are respectively connected to the secondary beam members (such as the two ends of the roof system members being suspended and connected to the secondary beam members, that is, in this embodiment, the support of the roof system members no longer relies on the concrete mega-column, the steel column assembly, and the two planar trusses). In this embodiment, the tensioned beams and secondary beam members are first fixed to the first and second planar trusses using the tensioned beam construction method, and the two ends of the secondary beam members are respectively fixedly connected to the two adjacent tensioned beams, and then the two ends of the roof system members are respectively connected to the secondary beam members.

[0085] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, step S140 includes:

[0086] S141. Fix the jig in the installation area of ​​the site to be constructed according to the second preset structural distribution position;

[0087] S142. Install temporary cables by connecting both ends of the temporary cables to the steel pipe structure in the tensioned beam, and ensure that the tension value of the temporary cables reaches a preset tension value to prevent lateral instability.

[0088] S143. Fix both ends of the steel pipe structure in the tensioned beam to the first planar truss and the second planar truss respectively, and fix the bottom end of the vertical structure in the tensioned beam to the top end of the jig;

[0089] S144. The secondary beam member is supported by the roof system member and the plurality of tensioned beams;

[0090] S145. Connect the two ends of the load-bearing cable structure in the tensioned beam to the first ear plate of the first planar truss and the second ear plate of the second planar truss, respectively, and connect a partial section of the load-bearing cable structure to the vertical structure in the tensioned beam through a plurality of first connection nodes in the connection node assembly.

[0091] S146. Connect the two ends of the wind-resistant cable structure in the tensioned beam to the third ear plate of the first planar truss and the fourth ear plate of the second planar truss, respectively, and connect a local section of the wind-resistant cable structure to the vertical structure in the tensioned beam through a plurality of second connection nodes in the connection node assembly.

[0092] S147. The load-bearing cable structure is tensioned by the first cable tensioning method to achieve the first preset tension;

[0093] S148. Remove the temporary cable from the steel pipe structure;

[0094] S149. The wind-resistant cable structure is tensioned by the second cable tensioning method to achieve the second preset tension;

[0095] S1410. Remove the fixture from the installation area of ​​the site to be constructed.

[0096] In this embodiment, when the jig is fixed in the installation area of ​​the construction site according to the second preset structural distribution position in step S141, care should be taken to avoid the positions of concrete mega-columns and steel column components. Generally, it is set below the position where the tension beam will be installed later.

[0097] In step S142, a reaction beam, tensioning fixtures, tensioning rods, and other devices can be connected to a jack. Oil is supplied to the jacks via an oil pump, and the temporary cable is tensioned through the action of the reaction beam. The reaction beam is a double-section H-beam. After assembling the upper and lower reaction beams, two tensioning fixtures are fixed to the two reaction beams respectively using bolts. The two tensioning rods of the temporary cable are installed on the two tensioning fixtures respectively, and the reaction beam, jack, etc., are installed sequentially. Then, the hydraulic circuit of the jack is connected, and the oil pump of the jack is started. Tensioning is performed sequentially to the preset tension value (which can be understood as the final tension force σcon). The connection nodes and welds on the tensioned beam are observed. If all are intact, the tensioning is complete. Afterwards, the jacks and tensioning fixtures are removed, thus completing the tensioning of the temporary cable.

[0098] In step S143, a pre-installed frame has been set below the vertical structure in the tensioned beam. This allows the two ends of the steel pipe structure to be fixed to the first planar truss and the second planar truss respectively when the steel pipe structure in the tensioned beam is hoisted, and the bottom end of the vertical structure in the tensioned beam is fixed to the top of the frame.

[0099] In step S144, since the installation of the steel pipe structure in the tensioned beam has been completed, the secondary beam components can be further installed at this time, so that they are supported by the roof system components 500 and the several tensioned beams 400.

[0100] In step S145, the load-bearing cable structure is initially installed without immediate tensioning, and tensioning is performed later. Similarly, in step S146, the wind-resistant cable structure is initially installed without immediate tensioning, and tensioning is performed later. After the load-bearing cable structure and the wind-resistant cable structure are installed sequentially, the load-bearing cable structure is first tensioned using a first cable tensioning method to achieve a first preset tension. The equipment and tensioning process for the first cable tensioning method can refer to the equipment and tensioning process for the temporary cable tensioning process previously described. After the tensioning process of the load-bearing cable structure is completed, the temporary cable can be removed first, and then the wind-resistant cable structure is tensioned using a second cable tensioning method to achieve a second preset tension. The equipment and tensioning process for the second cable tensioning method can also refer to the equipment and tensioning process for the temporary cable tensioning process previously described. Finally, after completing the above operations, the jig can be removed from the installation area of ​​the construction site, thereby completing the installation of the tensioned beam and secondary beam components.

[0101] In one embodiment, after the temporary cable is removed from the steel pipe structure, and before the wind-resistant cable structure is tensioned to achieve a second preset tension using a second cable tensioning method, the method further includes:

[0102] In the steel pipe structure of the tensioned beam, at each of the multiple preset load-bearing hanging positions, a counterweight of corresponding weight is sequentially hung by a wire rope and a hand-operated hoist.

[0103] In this embodiment, lifting lugs are welded or tied to multiple pre-set load-bearing suspension positions in the steel pipe structure of the tensioned beam, and a hand-operated hoist and wire rope are used for traction. A counterweight is placed directly below the load-bearing point. The counterweight is selected to be no less than the required load weight. For example, a counterweight of about 10t is selected for 9.08t and 7.08t, and a counterweight of about 5t is selected for 3.13t and 2.75t, to ensure that the counterweight does not leave the ground and to ensure construction safety during loading.

[0104] In one embodiment, after tensioning the wind-resistant cable structure to achieve a second preset tension using a second cable tensioning method, the method further includes:

[0105] The steel wire ropes, hand-operated hoists, and counterweights connected to each preset load-bearing hanging position on the steel pipe structure are removed either in one go or in sections.

[0106] In this embodiment, after the anti-wind cable structure has been tensioned to the second preset tension using the second cable tensioning method, the wire ropes, hand-operated hoists, and counterweights connected to each preset load-bearing suspension position on the steel pipe structure can be removed to avoid affecting subsequent construction. Specifically, the wire ropes, hand-operated hoists, and counterweights connected to each preset load-bearing suspension position on the steel pipe structure can be removed either in one complete removal or in sections.

[0107] In one embodiment, in the step of connecting the two ends of the load-bearing cable structure in the tensioned beam to the first ear plate of the first planar truss and the second ear plate of the second planar truss respectively, the cable ends at both ends of the load-bearing cable structure are adjusted to the corresponding first limit adjustment length and connected to the first ear plate of the first planar truss and the second ear plate of the second planar truss respectively.

[0108] In the step of connecting the two ends of the wind-resistant cable structure in the tensioned beam to the third ear plate of the first planar truss and the fourth ear plate of the second planar truss respectively, the cable heads at both ends of the wind-resistant cable structure are adjusted to the corresponding second limit adjustment length and connected to the third ear plate of the first planar truss and the fourth ear plate of the second planar truss respectively.

[0109] In this embodiment, after hoisting the cable ends of the load-bearing cable structure into place in step S145, temporary straps can be used to fix the cable ends to the upper chords of the first and second planar trusses, respectively. Then, the cable ends are adjusted to their corresponding first limit adjustment lengths and connected to the first ear plate of the first planar truss and the second ear plate of the second planar truss, respectively. Specifically, two truss pins are used to connect the cable ends to the first ear plate of the first planar truss and the second ear plate of the second planar truss, respectively. Counterweights of corresponding weights are sequentially suspended from the cable ends of the load-bearing cable structure via wire ropes and hand-operated hoists. The cable ends are pulled by the hand-operated hoists, and the adjusting nuts on the cable ends are tightened to a safe range. Similarly, the wind-resistant cable structure is installed in step S146 following the same process. As can be seen, the above installation method can achieve the secure installation of the load-bearing cable structure and the load-bearing cable structure.

[0110] In one embodiment, both the first preset tension and the second preset tension are positively correlated with the length of the tensioned beam, and the first preset tension is greater than the second preset tension.

[0111] In this embodiment, the first preset tension can be set to 312 kN, and the second preset tension can be set to 39.9 kN or 39.7 kN. However, in specific implementations, the above two preset tensions are not limited to the values ​​in the above example, but are positively correlated with the length of the tensioned beam. That is, the longer the length of the tensioned beam, the greater both the first preset tension and the second preset tension will be.

[0112] As can be seen, the embodiments of the present invention can install the visual template structure of a large roof by adopting a small number of temporary on-site measures, which not only reduces the construction cost but also improves the construction efficiency and can effectively guide the subsequent construction of the entire large roof structure.

[0113] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A visual template structure for a large roof, characterized in that, The system comprises concrete mega-columns, steel column assemblies, two planar trusses, several tensioned beams, roof system components, and secondary beam components. The bottom ends of the concrete mega-columns and steel column assemblies are fixed to the foundation of the construction site, with the concrete mega-columns and steel column assemblies spaced apart. The two planar trusses include at least a first planar truss and a second planar truss. The bottom of the first end of the first planar truss is fixedly connected to the top of the concrete mega-column, and the bottom of the second end of the first planar truss is fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assemblies. The bottom ends of both ends of the second planar truss are fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assemblies. Each tensioned beam has its two ends fixed to the first planar truss and the second planar truss, respectively. A portion of the cable assembly in each tensioned beam is connected to the vertical structure within the tensioned beam via connecting node components, and the two ends of the cable assembly in the tensioned beam are connected to the first planar truss and the second planar truss, respectively. Wherein, when the total number of tensioned beams is 1, the bottom of the roof system component is supported by the concrete mega-column, the steel column assembly, and the two planar trusses; the secondary beam component is supported by the roof system component and the tensioned beams. When the total number of tensioned beams is greater than 1, the two ends of the secondary beam member are fixedly connected to the two adjacent tensioned beams, and the two ends of the roof system member are connected to the secondary beam member.

2. The visual template structure for a large roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the steel pipe structure in the tensioned beam are respectively fixed to the first planar truss and the second planar truss, and the top of the vertical structure is fixedly connected to the middle section of the steel pipe structure.

3. The visual template structure for a large roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cable assembly in the tensioned beam includes a load-bearing cable structure and a wind-resistant cable structure; the two ends of the load-bearing cable structure are respectively connected to the first ear plate of the first planar truss and the second ear plate of the second planar truss, and a partial section of the load-bearing cable structure is connected to the vertical structure in the tensioned beam through a plurality of first connecting nodes in the connecting node assembly; the two ends of the wind-resistant cable structure are respectively connected to the third ear plate of the first planar truss and the fourth ear plate of the second planar truss, and a partial section of the wind-resistant cable structure is connected to the vertical structure in the tensioned beam through a plurality of second connecting nodes in the connecting node assembly.

4. The visual template structure for a large roof according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the plurality of first connection nodes is a single-cable connection node, and each first connection node includes a first connection part of the single-cable node, a second connection part of the single-cable node, and a middle part of the single-cable node; one end of the first connection part of the single-cable node is fixedly connected to the middle part of the single-cable node, and the other end of the first connection part of the single-cable node is used to connect to the load-bearing cable; one end of the second connection part of the single-cable node is fixedly connected to the middle part of the single-cable node, and the other end of the second connection part of the single-cable node is used to connect to the load-bearing cable; Each of the plurality of second connection nodes is a double-cable connection node, and each second connection node includes a first connection part of the double-cable node, a second connection part of the double-cable node, and a pin; the pin is used to pass through the first connection part of the double-cable node, the vertical structure, and the second connection part of the double-cable node, so as to connect the first connection part of the double-cable node and the second connection part of the double-cable node to the vertical structure in the tensioned beam.

5. A construction method for a visual template structure of a large roof, applied to the visual template structure of a large roof as described in any one of claims 1-4, wherein the total number of tensioned beams in the visual template structure of the large roof is 1, characterized in that, The construction method for the visual template structure of the large roof includes: The concrete mega-columns and steel column components in the visual template structure of the large roof are fixedly set in the installation area of ​​the construction site according to the first preset structural distribution position. In the visual template structure of the large roof, the bottom of the first end of the first plane truss of the two plane trusses is fixedly connected to the top of the concrete mega-column, the bottom of the second end of the first plane truss is fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assembly, and the bottom of both ends of the second plane truss is fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assembly. The two ends of the roof system component in the visual template structure of the large roof are fixed to the first planar truss and the second planar truss, respectively, and a local section of the roof system component is fixedly connected to the top of the steel column assembly. In the visual template structure of the large roof, the tensioned beams and secondary beams are fixed to the first planar truss and the second planar truss by means of tensioned beam construction, and the secondary beams are supported by the roof system components and the plurality of tensioned beams.

6. The construction method for the visual template structure of a large roof according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method of fixing the tensioned beams and secondary beams in the visual template structure of the large roof to the first and second planar trusses using a tensioned beam construction method, and supporting the secondary beams by the roof system components and the plurality of tensioned beams, includes: The jig is fixed in the installation area of ​​the site to be constructed according to the second preset structural distribution position; Temporary cables are installed, with both ends connected to the steel pipe structure in the tensioned beam, and the tension value of the temporary cables reaches a preset tension value to prevent lateral instability. The two ends of the steel pipe structure in the tensioned beam are respectively fixed to the first planar truss and the second planar truss, and the bottom end of the vertical structure in the tensioned beam is fixed to the top end of the jig. The secondary beam members are supported by the roof system members and the plurality of tensioned beams; The two ends of the load-bearing cable structure in the tensioned beam are respectively connected to the first ear plate of the first planar truss and the second ear plate of the second planar truss, and a local section of the load-bearing cable structure is connected to the vertical structure in the tensioned beam through a plurality of first connection nodes in the connection node assembly. The two ends of the wind-resistant cable structure in the tensioned beam are respectively connected to the third ear plate of the first planar truss and the fourth ear plate of the second planar truss, and a local section of the wind-resistant cable structure is connected to the vertical structure in the tensioned beam through a number of second connection nodes in the connection node assembly. The load-bearing cable structure is tensioned using a first cable tensioning method to achieve a first preset tension; Remove the temporary cable from the steel pipe structure; The wind-resistant cable structure is tensioned using a second cable tensioning method to achieve a second preset tension; Remove the fixture from the installation area of ​​the site to be constructed.

7. The construction method for the visual template structure of a large roof according to claim 6, characterized in that, After the temporary cable is removed from the steel pipe structure, and before the wind-resistant cable structure is tensioned to achieve the second preset tension using the second cable tensioning method, the method further includes: In the steel pipe structure of the tensioned beam, at each of the multiple preset load-bearing hanging positions, a counterweight of corresponding weight is sequentially suspended by a wire rope and a hand-operated hoist.

8. The construction method for the visual template structure of a large roof according to claim 7, characterized in that, After tensioning the wind-resistant cable structure to achieve the second preset tension using the second cable tensioning method, the method further includes: The steel wire ropes, hand-operated hoists, and counterweights connected to each preset load-bearing hanging position on the steel pipe structure are removed either in one go or in sections.

9. The construction method for the visual template structure of a large roof according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the step of connecting the two ends of the load-bearing cable structure in the tensioned beam to the first ear plate of the first planar truss and the second ear plate of the second planar truss respectively, the cable heads at both ends of the load-bearing cable structure are adjusted to the corresponding first limit adjustment length and connected to the first ear plate of the first planar truss and the second ear plate of the second planar truss respectively. In the step of connecting the two ends of the wind-resistant cable structure in the tensioned beam to the third ear plate of the first planar truss and the fourth ear plate of the second planar truss respectively, the cable heads at both ends of the wind-resistant cable structure are adjusted to the corresponding second limit adjustment length and connected to the third ear plate of the first planar truss and the fourth ear plate of the second planar truss respectively.

10. The construction method for the visual template structure of a large roof according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both the first preset tension and the second preset tension are positively correlated with the length of the tensioned beam, and the first preset tension is greater than the second preset tension.

Images