Area-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method and plate heat exchanger

Abstract

The application provides an area-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method and a plate heat exchanger, and the method comprises the following steps: connecting the shaft centers of adjacent clamping studs on one side of a pressing plate along an axis to obtain a plurality of center lines, drawing a corresponding perpendicular bisector for each center line, and dividing a total hydraulic force receiving area into a plurality of sub-areas by the plurality of perpendicular bisectors and the axis, and the sub-areas are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the slot holes; and calculating a first hydraulic distribution load of each clamping stud according to the area of each sub-area, wherein the first hydraulic distribution load is positively correlated with the area of the sub-area corresponding to the clamping stud. The area-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method and the plate heat exchanger provided by the application are simple and convenient, can accurately calculate the load distribution of the clamping stud, reduce the manufacturing cost, and ensure the safe operation of the equipment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, in particular to a clamping stud load distribution calculation method based on area and a plate heat exchanger. BACKGROUND

[0002] A heat exchanger is a device that transfers part of the heat of a hot fluid to a cold fluid, and is widely used in chemical industry, petroleum, power, food and other fields. The detachable plate heat exchanger is widely used in petroleum chemical industry, shipbuilding, machinery, power, new energy, aluminum oxide and heating fields due to its high heat exchange efficiency, compact structure, flexible combination, convenient disassembly and maintenance and other advantages.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of industrial systems towards large-scale, fine and high-pressure, the design and manufacturing requirements of plate heat exchangers are becoming higher and higher. At present, the uneven distribution of clamping stud load of heat exchanger products is obvious, which makes the application of plate heat exchanger in large flow, high pressure and harsh working conditions have great safety hazards. The clamping stud is often broken, the service life of the equipment is insufficient, and the product leakage occurs from time to time, which restricts its application in many harsh conditions. Therefore, a simpler and more accurate clamping stud load distribution calculation method is needed. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a clamping stud load distribution calculation method based on area and a plate heat exchanger to solve the above technical problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a clamping stud load distribution calculation method based on area, which is applied to a plate heat exchanger. The plate heat exchanger includes a compression plate and a plurality of clamping studs. The compression plate is provided with a plurality of slot holes on its outer periphery. The slot holes are matched with the clamping studs. A plurality of slot holes are distributed in axial symmetry along an axis parallel to the length direction of the compression plate. The inside of the compression plate is provided with a total hydraulic force receiving area. The clamping stud load distribution calculation method based on area includes: on one side of the compression plate along the axis, the axes of adjacent clamping studs are connected to obtain a plurality of center lines. A vertical bisector is drawn for each center line. A plurality of vertical bisectors and the axis divide the total hydraulic force receiving area into a plurality of sub-areas, and the sub-areas are arranged one by one corresponding to the slot holes. The first hydraulic distribution load of each clamping stud is calculated according to the area of each sub-area. The first hydraulic distribution load of the clamping stud is positively correlated with the area of the corresponding sub-area.

[0006] Further, the first hydraulic distribution load W of each clamping stud is calculated according to the area of each sub-area. i =A i ×P, wherein A iP is the design pressure.

[0007] Further, the corner of the pressing plate is provided with an angle hole, and the nominal diameter of the angle hole is less than 300 mm.

[0008] Further, the outer periphery of the total hydraulic force area is provided with a sealing gasket, and the area-based clamping screw load distribution calculation method further comprises: calculating the gasket distribution load of each clamping screw according to the length of the sealing gasket corresponding to each sub-area, wherein the gasket distribution load is positively correlated with the length of the sealing gasket corresponding to the clamping screw.

[0009] Further, the gasket distribution load W of each clamping screw p = d i × b × m × P, wherein d i is the length of the sealing gasket corresponding to each sub-area, b is the effective sealing width of the sealing gasket, and m is the gasket coefficient of the sealing gasket.

[0010] Further, the area-based clamping screw load distribution calculation method further comprises: calculating the final distribution load of each clamping screw according to the gasket distribution load and the first hydraulic distribution load, and the final distribution load W z = W i + W p .

[0011] Further, the area-based clamping screw load distribution calculation method further comprises: calculating the final tensile stress F z of each clamping screw according to the final distribution load, wherein F z = s, and s is the design cross-sectional area of the clamping screw.

[0012] Further, the area-based clamping screw load distribution calculation method further comprises: calculating the design diameter of each clamping screw according to the final distribution load, wherein the design diameter of the clamping screw is , wherein S is the allowable stress of the clamping screw material; and calculating the actual diameter of the clamping screw according to the design diameter, and the actual diameter is greater than the design diameter.

[0013] The second aspect of the present application provides a plate heat exchanger, comprising a pressing plate and a plurality of clamping screws, and the load of each clamping screw is calculated according to the area-based clamping screw load distribution calculation method of the first aspect.

[0014] Further, the pressing plate comprises a fixed pressing plate and a movable pressing plate, a plurality of stacked heat exchange plates are arranged between the fixed pressing plate and the movable pressing plate, and sealing pads are arranged between adjacent heat exchange plates; a guide rod and the clamping stud are connected between the fixed pressing plate and the movable pressing plate, and the heat exchange plates are hung on the guide rod.

[0015] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the area-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method according to the first aspect.

[0016] As can be seen from the above, the present application provides an area-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method and a plate heat exchanger, the method comprising: connecting the axes of adjacent clamping studs on one side of a pressing plate along an axis to obtain a plurality of center lines, drawing a corresponding perpendicular bisector for each center line, and dividing the total hydraulic force area into a plurality of sub-areas by the plurality of perpendicular bisectors and the axis, and the sub-areas are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the grooves; calculating a first hydraulic distribution load of each clamping stud according to the area of each sub-area, wherein the first hydraulic distribution load is positively correlated with the area of the sub-area corresponding to the clamping stud. By dividing the sub-areas, the sub-areas are corresponded to the grooves, and then the hydraulic load of the corresponding clamping stud is distributed according to the area size. Tests show that, compared with the uniform load method in the prior art, the accuracy of the distribution can be greatly improved, and compared with the finite element analysis method, the calculation amount can be greatly reduced. The area-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method and the plate heat exchanger are simple and convenient, can accurately calculate the load distribution of the clamping stud, reduce the manufacturing cost, and ensure the safe operation of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present application or related art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or related art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 The flowchart of the area-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method in an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the plate heat exchanger in an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 3 The structural schematic diagram of the plate heat exchanger in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the plate heat exchanger in an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 4 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a heat exchange plate of a plate heat exchanger. Figure 2

[0022] Figure 5 Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a sealing gasket of a plate heat exchanger. Figure 2

[0023] Figure 6 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a principle of dividing a pressing plate based on area. Figure 3

[0024] Figure 7 Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a principle of dividing a pressing plate based on centroid. Figure 3

[0025] Figure 8 Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a principle of dividing a sealing gasket based on sub-regions. Figure 5 Figure 6

[0026] Figure 9 Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a heat exchange plate of a plate heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0029] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present application should be understood as the common meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present application belong. The terms “first”, “second” and similar terms used in the embodiments of the present application do not represent any order, number or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. The terms “include” or “contain” and similar terms mean that the elements or objects before the terms cover the elements or objects listed after the terms and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. The terms “connect” or “connected” and similar terms do not mean physical or mechanical connection, but can include electrical connection, whether direct or indirect.

[0030] ​​​​​​The traditional design method of clamping studs generally calculates the uniform load model of clamping studs according to the circular flange considered in section 9.5.2 of GB / T150.3, which is referred to as the uniform load method. For the rectangular compression plate of a large plate heat exchanger, the load corresponding to each clamping stud is the same when designed by the uniform load method. In the past, when the scale was small and the pressure requirement was low, there were few application quality problems. However, in some working conditions such as petroleum chemical industry and nuclear power, the size of the corner hole of the heat exchanger reaches DN500 or more, the assembly area of a single unit jumps to 4000m² or more, and the highest design pressure increases to 3.6MPa. Higher and higher requirements are put forward for the pressure-bearing capacity and operation safety of large plate heat exchangers.

[0031] The traditional calculation method ignores the non-uniform layout of the position, number and distribution spacing of the clamping studs of the rectangular compression plate. According to the traditional calculation method, stress concentration problems of the clamping studs may occur, which may cause local overload of the clamping studs, insufficient service life, and even leakage accidents, threatening the continuous and safe operation of the equipment.

[0032] In the process of implementing the present application, it is found that the compression plate of a plate heat exchanger is generally rectangular in structure, and four corner holes are distributed near the four corner ends. The periphery of the corner hole is a flange or a nozzle. In order to avoid interference between the peripheral clamping studs and the flange or nozzle of the corner hole, the arrangement spacing of the clamping studs near the corner hole is usually different from that of other clamping studs (see Figure 3 ), At the same time, due to the connection of guide rods, the reservation of lifting holes and other situations, the distance from the compression plate long side and short side to the internal stress area is different or the distribution spacing is different. The clamping studs are affected by the layout position, spacing and aspect ratio of the compression plate, and the stress is not uniform, which leads to the fact that the actual stress borne by part of the clamping studs does not meet the standard requirements, or the local design margin is too large, causing waste of cost.

[0033] Some technologies use finite element analysis method to calculate the load of the clamping stud. Finite element analysis method is a numerical analysis method based on mathematical approximation, which realizes the simulation solution of complex engineering problems by discretizing the continuous physical system into a finite number of interconnected units. Although the calculation result of finite element analysis method is relatively accurate, this method requires high modeling requirements, needs to calculate various parameters and boundary conditions, consumes a large amount of calculation resources, is time-consuming and laborious, and has high cost, and is not suitable for daily calculation. Therefore, a more simple and accurate method is needed.

[0034] The area of the stress area of the compression plate and the influence of the centroid distribution on the load of the clamping stud can be considered. From this point of view, a new clamping stud load distribution calculation method is designed to simplify the calculation process, improve the accuracy of load distribution calculation, and reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0035] The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below by specific examples and in conjunction with Figures 1 to 9 .

[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, an area-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method is provided, which is applied to plate heat exchangers, such as Figure 2 , which is a structural schematic diagram of a plate heat exchanger. The plate heat exchanger includes a compression plate and a plurality of clamping studs. The compression plate includes a fixed compression plate and a movable compression plate. A plurality of stacked heat exchange plates are arranged between the fixed compression plate and the movable compression plate. The structure of the heat exchange plate is shown in, for example Figure 4 , a sealing gasket is arranged between adjacent heat exchange plates, and the structure of the sealing gasket is shown in, for example Figure 5 ; a guide rod and a clamping stud are connected between the fixed compression plate and the movable compression plate, and the heat exchange plate is suspended on the guide rod.

[0037] As shown in Figure 3 , which is a structural schematic diagram of a compression plate, suspension holes are arranged at the top of both sides of the compression plate for transferring the compression plate. The top and bottom of the compression plate are also provided with insertion holes for cooperating with the guide rod. A plurality of slot holes are arranged on the outer periphery of the compression plate, for example, a total of 12 slot holes are arranged, each slot hole cooperates with a clamping stud, and the plurality of slot holes are distributed in axial symmetry along an axis parallel to the length direction of the compression plate, and the L line in the figure is the axis. As shown in Figure 3 , the inside of the compression plate is provided with a total hydraulic force area, which is the total area of all clamping studs that need to bear hydraulic pressure, including an angle hole area, a flow guide area, and a heat exchange area. The edge of the total hydraulic force area corresponds to the shape of the outer periphery of the sealing gasket. The tensioning of the clamping stud is mainly to prevent the force area from leaking.

[0038] As shown in Figure 1 , the area-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method includes the following steps:

[0039] S1, on one side of the compression plate along the axis, the axes of adjacent clamping studs are connected to obtain a plurality of center lines, and a vertical bisector is drawn for each center line. A plurality of vertical bisectors and the axis divide the total hydraulic force area into a plurality of sub-areas, and the sub-areas are arranged one by one corresponding to the slot holes.

[0040] Because the clamping studs of the compression plate are distributed in axial symmetry, the distribution of only one side can be calculated, and the distribution of the other side is the same as that of the side, which can also simplify the calculation amount.

[0041] As shown in Figure 6 , the area-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method includes the following steps:As shown, in the left area of the compression plate, six clamping studs L1-L6 are included. Due to the influence of factors such as angle hole distribution and length-width ratio, the distribution spacing and position of the clamping studs cannot be completely uniformly arranged, and the stress area corresponding to the clamping studs is different. For the clamping studs L1 or L6, since they are far away from the edge of the sealing gasket, and the stress area of the hydraulic pressure distributed along the width direction of the compression plate is narrow, the hydraulic stress area directly acting on them is small, so the hydraulic load they share is small. For L3 or L4, since the distribution spacing along the length direction of the compression plate is large, the hydraulic stress area is large, and the hydraulic load they share is also large.

[0042] Based on this, the axes of the clamping studs adjacent to the left are connected to obtain five center lines, the midpoints H1-H5 of each center line are found, and a vertical bisector is made on each midpoint. The vertical bisector divides the left side into six sub-areas A1-A6, each sub-area corresponds to a clamping stud, so as to perform subsequent hydraulic load calculation.

[0043] S2, calculate the first hydraulic distribution load of each clamping stud according to the area of each sub-area, wherein the first hydraulic distribution load is positively correlated with the area of the sub-area corresponding to the clamping stud.

[0044] The first hydraulic distribution load W of each clamping stud can be set as W i =A i ×P, unit: N, wherein A i is the area of the sub-area corresponding to each clamping stud, which can be obtained through simple calculation, and P is the design pressure, which can be obtained in advance according to design requirements. For the L1 clamping stud, the first hydraulic distribution load W1 is A1×P z , and so on, so that the first hydraulic distribution load of the clamping stud is positively correlated with the area of the sub-area corresponding to the clamping stud. All the first hydraulic distribution loads, i.e., the total hydraulic stress area, correspond to the total hydraulic clamping load W z1 .

[0045] By dividing the sub-areas, the sub-areas are matched with the grooves, and then the hydraulic load of the corresponding clamping stud is distributed according to the area size. Tests show that, compared with the uniform load method in the traditional technology, the accuracy of distribution can be greatly improved, and compared with the finite element analysis method, the calculation amount can be greatly reduced.

[0046] The clamping stud load distribution calculation method based on area is referred to as area method. The area method is simple and convenient, can accurately calculate the load distribution of the clamping stud, reduce the manufacturing cost, and ensure the safe operation of the equipment.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, a centroid-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method is provided, which comprises:

[0048] S1' On one side of the clamping plate along the axis, a plurality of center lines are obtained by connecting the axes of adjacent clamping studs. A corresponding perpendicular bisector is made for each center line. The plurality of perpendicular bisectors and the axis divide the total hydraulic force area into a plurality of sub-regions, and the sub-regions are set one-to-one with the slots.

[0049] S2' Calculate the first hydraulic distribution load for each clamping stud based on the area of ​​each sub-region, wherein the first hydraulic distribution load is positively correlated with the area of ​​the sub-region corresponding to the clamping stud.

[0050] Steps S1'-S2' are the same as the aforementioned steps S1-S2, and the effects will not be repeated here.

[0051] S3'. On one side of the clamping plate along the axis, the adjacent sub-regions form a merged area. The centroid of the merged area is calculated, and the centroid line is obtained by connecting the centroid with the axis of the clamping stud corresponding to the merged area.

[0052] After obtaining the first hydraulic load distribution, the hydraulic load distribution method can be further adjusted, for example, by taking into account the influence of the centroid of the force zone, in order to improve the accuracy of load distribution.

[0053] like Figure 7 As shown, in Figure 6 Based on this, we continue to consider the influence of the centroid, and combine adjacent sub-regions to form merged regions A1+A2, A3+A4, A5+A6, etc. The merged region includes the first sub-region and the second sub-region. For the merged region A1+A2, the first sub-region is A1 and the second sub-region is A2. Calculate the centroid C1 of the merged region, and connect the centroid C1 with the axis of the clamping studs L1 and L2 corresponding to the merged region to obtain two centroid lines D11 and D12. The centroid lines include the first centroid line passing through the first sub-region and the second centroid line passing through the second sub-region. For the merged region, the first centroid line is D11 and the second centroid line is D12.

[0054] S4' Calculate the second hydraulic distribution load for each clamping stud based on the first hydraulic distribution load and the centroid line, wherein the second hydraulic distribution load is negatively correlated with the length of the centroid line corresponding to the clamping stud.

[0055] The second hydraulic load distribution W of the clamping stud corresponding to the first sub-region j1 =(W i1 +W i2 )×D j2 / (D j1 +D j2 The unit is N, and the second hydraulic distribution load W of the clamping stud corresponding to the second sub-region is...j2 = (W i1 +W i2 ) x D j1 / (D j1 +D j2 ), unit: N, wherein, W i1 is the first hydraulic distribution load corresponding to the first sub-area, W i2 is the first hydraulic distribution load corresponding to the second sub-area, D j1 is the length of the first centroid line, and D j2 is the length of the second centroid line. For example, for the combined area A1+A2, the second hydraulic distribution load W j1 of the clamping stud L1 is (W i1 +W i2 ) x D12 / (D11+D12), and the second hydraulic distribution load W j2 of the clamping stud L2 is (W i1 +W i2 ) x D11 / (D11+D12). Similarly, the second hydraulic distribution load of the clamping stud is negatively correlated with the length of the centroid line corresponding to the clamping stud.

[0056] By dividing the sub-areas, the sub-areas are corresponded to the slots, and then the first hydraulic distribution load of the corresponding clamping stud is distributed according to the area size. The first distribution load is adjusted according to the length of the centroid line to distribute the second hydraulic distribution load of the corresponding clamping stud. Tests show that, compared with the uniform load method in the traditional technology, the accuracy of distribution can be greatly improved, and compared with the finite element analysis method, the calculation amount can be greatly reduced.

[0057] The centroid-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method is referred to as the centroid method. The centroid method is simple and convenient, and can also accurately calculate the load distribution of the clamping stud, reduce the manufacturing cost, and ensure the safe operation of the equipment.

[0058] In some embodiments, along the axial direction, the clamping studs located at the head and tail each correspond to one combined area, and each clamping stud except the head and tail corresponds to two overlapping combined areas; the final second distribution load W j of each clamping stud except the head and tail is (W j2_1 +W j1_2 ) / 2, unit: N, wherein, W j2_1 is the second hydraulic distribution load calculated according to the first combined area of the clamping stud, and W j1_2 is the second hydraulic distribution load calculated according to the second combined area of the clamping stud.

[0059] As Figure 7As shown, for clamping studs L1 and L6, only one merged area can be corresponding, for example, L1 corresponds to merged area A1+A2, and L6 corresponds to merged area A5+A6, but for other clamping studs, two overlapping merged areas can be corresponding, for example, L2 corresponds to merged area A1+A2 and merged area A2+A3, at this time, the second hydraulic distribution load of the clamping stud in each merged area can be calculated according to the aforementioned centroid method, and then the final second hydraulic distribution load is obtained after averaging, that is, the final second hydraulic distribution load W j =(W j2_1 +W j1_2 ) / 2, wherein W j2_1 is the second hydraulic distribution load of the clamping stud calculated according to the first merged area, and W j1_2 is the second hydraulic distribution load of the clamping stud calculated according to the second merged area.

[0060] For example, for clamping stud L2, W j =(W j2_1 +W j1_2 ) / 2, wherein the second hydraulic distribution load W j2_1 =(W i1 +W i2 )×D11 / (D11+D12) of the clamping stud calculated according to the merged area A1+A2, and the second hydraulic distribution load W j1_2 =(W i3 +W i4 )×D22 / (D21+D22) of the clamping stud calculated according to the merged area A2+A3 are considered to take into account the influence of adjacent sub-regions on the clamping stud load.

[0061] In some embodiments, the centroid-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method further comprises:

[0062] S5', calculating the sum of the second hydraulic distribution loads of all the clamping studs, and subtracting the total hydraulic clamping load of the plurality of clamping studs to obtain a difference value.

[0063] S6', correcting the second hydraulic distribution load according to the difference value to obtain the third hydraulic distribution load of each clamping stud.

[0064] According to the aforementioned centroid method, the second hydraulic distribution load of each clamping stud is calculated and the sum is calculated, and the sum can not be equal to the total hydraulic clamping load, and the centroid method is modified for this case, which is referred to as the centroid modification method. Subtract the total hydraulic clamping load from the sum to obtain a difference value Q, and calculate the third hydraulic distribution load W k =W jQ / n, unit: N, where n is the total number of clamping studs. The third hydraulic distribution load of each clamping stud is summed up and equal to the total hydraulic clamping load, meeting the design requirements.

[0065] In some embodiments, the corner of the pressing plate is provided with an angle hole, and the nominal diameter of the angle hole is less than 300 mm.

[0066] The nominal diameter of the angle hole is, for example, 100 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm, or 250 mm, etc. Experimental tests show that when the size of the angle hole is less than 300 mm, the accuracy of the clamping stud load distribution calculated by the area method is significantly better than that calculated by the centroid method.

[0067] It should be noted here that the thickness of the pressing plate of the centroid method and the area method meets the calculation requirements of section 7.9.4 of GB / T150.3, has moderate stiffness and small deflection, the clamping stud mainly bears tensile stress, and the bending stress can be ignored; the clamping stud is distributed along the outer peripheral ring line of the pressing plate, and the inside of the pressing plate bears a closed and continuous uniform load. The clamping studs are symmetrically arranged along the longitudinal center line, and the stress area of the pressing plate is symmetrically distributed along the longitudinal center line.

[0068] In some embodiments, the area-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method further comprises:

[0069] S3, calculating the gasket distribution load of each clamping stud according to the length of the sealing gasket corresponding to each sub-area, wherein the gasket distribution load is positively correlated with the length of the sealing gasket corresponding to the clamping stud.

[0070] In a plate heat exchanger, the clamping stud not only needs to bear the hydraulic load, but also needs to bear the load of the clamping sealing gasket. In the related art, the gasket distribution load of each clamping stud is calculated according to the average value, and the accuracy is poor. The present embodiment uses the aforementioned divided sub-area to distribute the gasket load, and the length of the sealing gasket corresponding to each clamping stud in the corresponding sub-area is different, as shown in Figure 8 Fig. 5, ignoring the influence of the gasket in the inner secondary sealing area 50, the outer peripheral lengths of the sealing gasket corresponding to the six sub-areas A1-A6 are d1-d6, respectively, and the gasket distribution load can be set to be positively correlated with the length of the sealing gasket corresponding to the clamping stud, for example, the gasket distribution load W p of each clamping stud is d i ×b×m×P, unit: N, where d iFor the length of the gasket corresponding to each sub-area, b is the effective sealing width of the gasket, and m is the gasket coefficient of the gasket. By dividing the sub-area, the sub-area is corresponded to the slot hole, and then the gasket load of the corresponding clamping stud is distributed according to the length of the gasket corresponding to the sub-area. Through testing, compared with the uniform load method in the traditional technology, the accuracy of the distribution can be greatly improved, and compared with the finite element analysis method, the calculation amount can be greatly reduced. All gasket distribution loads, i.e. the total gasket clamping load W z2 .

[0071] S4, calculating the final distribution load of each clamping stud according to the gasket distribution load and the first hydraulic distribution load, the final distribution load W z = i + W p .

[0072] After obtaining the gasket distribution load, the final distribution load of each clamping stud can be calculated, and the final distribution load is the sum of the first hydraulic distribution load and the gasket distribution load. The method can also verify the frame which has completed the layout of the clamping stud position after standard design calculation, ensure that each clamping stud meets the standard requirements, improve the design reliability, and ensure the safety of the equipment operation. In addition, by effectively finding the unevenness of the clamping stud distribution, the clamping stud layout can also be optimized, such as reducing the diameter or number of clamping studs, etc., to save product manufacturing costs.

[0073] It should be noted here that the sum of the first hydraulic distribution load or the third hydraulic distribution load of all clamping studs can obtain the total hydraulic clamping load of the plate heat exchanger, the sum of the gasket distribution load of all clamping studs can obtain the total gasket clamping load of the plate heat exchanger, and the sum of the total gasket clamping load and the total hydraulic clamping load can obtain the total clamping load of the plate heat exchanger.

[0074] According to the standard GB / T150.3, the total clamping load can be calculated by first calculating the minimum clamping load of multiple clamping studs of the plate heat exchanger in the pre-tightening state, and then calculating the minimum clamping load of multiple clamping studs of the plate heat exchanger in the operating state. Compare the two minimum clamping loads, and take the minimum clamping load with the larger value as the total clamping load. Among them, the minimum clamping load W m2 of multiple clamping studs of the plate heat exchanger in the pre-tightening state is 3.14b×G×y, unit: N, G is the diameter of the gasket at the position of the reaction load, and y is the pressure ratio of the gasket. The minimum clamping load W m1 of multiple clamping studs of the plate heat exchanger in the operating state is z1 + W z2 , unit: N, W z1 is the total hydraulic clamping load, and W z2W z1 =A z ×P, in N, where A z is the total area of the hydraulic force receiving area; W z2 =d z ×b×m×P, in N, where d z is the total length of the outer circumference of the gasket. But because W m2 is usually smaller than W m1 , the process of numerical comparison can be omitted here, and the minimum clamping load of the plurality of clamping studs in the operating state is taken as the total clamping load.

[0075] In some embodiments, the area-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method further comprises:

[0076] S5, calculating the final tensile stress F z =W z / s of each clamping stud according to the final distribution load, in MPa, where s is the design cross-sectional area of the clamping stud.

[0077] After obtaining the final distribution load, the tensile stress of each clamping stud can be calculated, and the design cross-sectional area can be obtained according to the design requirements. After obtaining the tensile stress, it can be compared with the allowable stress in the relevant standard to determine whether it meets the requirements. For example, if the tensile stress exceeds the allowable stress range, the clamping stud needs to be adjusted to meet the stress range requirements.

[0078] In some embodiments, the area-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method further comprises:

[0079] S5, calculating the design diameter of each clamping stud according to the final distribution load , where S is the allowable stress of the clamping stud material, in MPa.

[0080] S6, calculating the actual diameter of the clamping stud according to the design diameter, the actual diameter being greater than the design diameter.

[0081] After obtaining the final distribution load, the design diameter of each clamping stud can be calculated, and the allowable stress of the clamping stud material can be obtained in advance. The obtained design diameter is the minimum diameter of the clamping stud design, and according to the design diameter, the actual clamping stud can be selected, for example, a clamping stud with a slightly larger actual diameter than the design diameter is selected, which meets the clamping requirements while reducing costs.

[0082] Comparative Example 1

[0083] The hydraulic distribution load of clamping studs in a plate heat exchanger with a corner hole size of 100mm was calculated using the finite element method. Five clamping studs are located on one side of the clamping plate, and the material of the clamping studs is 35CrMo. The hydraulic distribution load W of each clamping stud was calculated. y To facilitate data display, the hydraulic tensile stress F of each clamping stud is further calculated. y =W y / s, where s is the design cross-sectional area of ​​the clamping stud and the design radius of the clamping stud is 31.67mm.

[0084] Comparative Example 2

[0085] The hydraulic distribution load of the clamping studs of the plate heat exchanger in Comparative Example 1 is calculated according to the load distribution method in Section 9.5.2 of standard GB / T150.3. First, the total hydraulic clamping load W of all clamping studs is calculated. z1 =A z ×P, then calculate the hydraulic load distribution W for each clamping stud. x =W z1 For easier data display, the hydraulic tensile stress F of each clamping stud is further calculated. x =W x / s.

[0086] Example 1

[0087] The first hydraulic distribution load W of the clamping stud of the plate heat exchanger in Comparative Example 1 is calculated using the aforementioned area method. i The areas of the five sub-regions are 16461 mm², respectively. 2 55714mm 2 55714mm 2 55714mm 2 and 16815mm 2 Similarly, to facilitate data display, the hydraulic tensile stress F of each clamping stud is further calculated. i =W i / s.

[0088] Example 2

[0089] The second hydraulic distribution load W of the clamping stud of the plate heat exchanger in Comparative Example 1 is calculated using the aforementioned centroid method. j The lengths of the eight centroids are 302.13 mm, 147.85 mm, 211.32 mm, 211.32 mm, 211.32 mm, 149.84 mm, and 300.79 mm, respectively. For easier data display, the hydraulic tensile stress F of each clamping stud is further calculated. j =W j / s.

[0090] Example 3

[0091] The third hydraulic distribution load W of the clamping stud of the plate heat exchanger in Comparative Example 1 is calculated using the aforementioned centroid correction method. k Similarly, to facilitate data display, the hydraulic tensile stress F of each clamping stud is further calculated. k =W k / s.

[0092] Table 1 Calculation of Hydraulic Tensile Stress

[0093]

[0094] Table 2. Hydraulic Tensile Stress Error Table

[0095]

[0096] The hydraulic tensile stress data of Comparative Examples 1-2 and Examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1. Based on the data of the finite element analysis method, the errors of the hydraulic tensile stress data obtained by other methods are calculated respectively. The results are shown in Table 2. It can be seen that the error of the uniform load method is very large, while the errors of the area method, centroid method and centroid correction method are smaller. Among them, the area method is closest to the finite element analysis method.

[0097] Table 3 Calculation of Final Tensile Stress

[0098]

[0099] Table 4 Final Tensile Stress Error Table

[0100]

[0101] Based on this, the final distributed load of each clamping stud is calculated for the plate heat exchanger with a corner hole size of 100mm. The final distributed load is the sum of the hydraulic distributed load and the gasket distributed load. For finite element analysis, the gasket distributed load W of each clamping stud also needs to be calculated separately according to the finite element principle. p Then calculate the final distributed load W. z For the uniform load method, it is necessary to calculate the total shim clamping load W. z2 =d z ×b×m×P, then calculate the load distribution W of each clamping stud gasket. p =W z2 / n, then calculate the final distributed load W z For the area method, centroid method, and centroid correction method, the shim load W for each clamping stud is first calculated according to the aforementioned sub-region division. p =d i× b × m × P, where the corresponding gasket lengths are 2648.6 mm, 2816.4 mm, 2817 mm, 2817 mm and 2670.6 mm, respectively, and the final distribution load W is calculated z Again, in order to facilitate the display of data, the final tensile stress F of each clamping stud is further calculated z = W z / s, the final tensile stress data obtained is shown in Table 3, and the error of the final tensile stress data obtained by other methods is calculated based on the data of the finite element analysis method, and the results are shown in Table 4. It can be seen that the error of the uniform load method is very large, and the errors of the area method, the centroid method and the centroid correction method are smaller, and the area method is closest to the finite element analysis method.

[0102] Table 5 Hydraulic tensile stress calculation table

[0103]

[0104] Table 6 Hydraulic tensile stress error table

[0105]

[0106] According to the same standard, the hydraulic distribution load of the clamping stud of a plate heat exchanger with an angle hole size of 250 mm is calculated, and the one side of the compression plate is provided with six clamping studs. The hydraulic tensile stress data obtained is shown in Table 5, and the error of the hydraulic tensile stress data obtained by other methods is calculated based on the data of the finite element analysis method, and the results are shown in Table 6. It can be seen that the error of the uniform load method is very large, and the errors of the area method, the centroid method and the centroid correction method are smaller, and the area method is closest to the finite element analysis method.

[0107] Table 7 Final tensile stress calculation table

[0108]

[0109] Table 8 Final tensile stress error table

[0110]

[0111] On this basis, the final distribution load of each clamping stud of the plate heat exchanger with an angle hole size of 250 mm is calculated, and the final distribution load W z is the sum of the hydraulic distribution load and the gasket distribution load, and again, in order to facilitate the display of data, the final tensile stress F of each clamping stud is further calculated z = W z / s, the final tensile stress data obtained is shown in Table 7, and the errors of the final tensile stress data obtained by other methods are calculated based on the data of the finite element analysis method, the results are shown in Table 8, it can be seen that the error of the uniform load method is very large, and the errors of the area method, the centroid method and the centroid correction method are smaller, and the area method is closest to the finite element analysis method.

[0112] Table 9 Hydraulic tensile stress calculation table

[0113]

[0114] Table 10 Tensile stress error table

[0115]

[0116] According to the same standard, the hydraulic load of the clamping stud of a plate heat exchanger with a corner hole size of 350mm is calculated, 8 clamping studs are arranged on one side of the compression plate, the hydraulic tensile stress data obtained is shown in Table 9, and the errors of the hydraulic tensile stress data obtained by other methods are calculated based on the data of the finite element analysis method, the results are shown in Table 10, it can be seen that the error of the uniform load method is very large, and the errors of the area method, the centroid method and the centroid correction method are smaller, but the centroid method and the centroid correction method are better than the area method.

[0117] Table 11 Final tensile stress calculation table

[0118]

[0119] Table 12 Final tensile stress error table

[0120]

[0121] On this basis, the final distribution load of each clamping stud of the plate heat exchanger with a corner hole size of 350mm is calculated, the final distribution load W z of each clamping stud is calculated, and the final tensile stress F z of each clamping stud is calculated, and the final tensile stress F z / s, the final tensile stress data obtained is shown in Table 11, and the errors of the final tensile stress data obtained by other methods are calculated based on the data of the finite element analysis method, the results are shown in Table 12, it can be seen that the error of the uniform load method is very large, and the errors of the area method, the centroid method and the centroid correction method are smaller, but the centroid method and the centroid correction method are better than the area method.

[0122] Table 13 Hydraulic tensile stress calculation table

[0123]

[0124] Table 14 Hydraulic Tensile Stress Error Table

[0125]

[0126] The hydraulic load on the clamping studs of a plate heat exchanger with a corner hole size of 450mm was calculated according to the same standard. There are 7 clamping studs on one side of the clamping plate. The hydraulic tensile stress data obtained are shown in Table 13. Based on the data of the finite element analysis method, the error of the hydraulic tensile stress data obtained by other methods was calculated. The results are shown in Table 14. It can be seen that the error of the uniform load method is very large, while the errors of the area method, centroid method and centroid correction method are smaller. However, the centroid method and centroid correction method are better than the area method.

[0127] Table 15 Final Tensile Stress Calculation Table

[0128]

[0129] Table 16 Final Tensile Stress Error Table

[0130]

[0131] Based on this, the final distributed load W for each clamping stud is calculated for the plate heat exchanger with a corner hole size of 450mm. z That is, the sum of the hydraulic distribution load and the shim distribution load. For easier data display, the final tensile stress F of each clamping stud is further calculated. z =W z The final tensile stress data obtained is shown in Table 15. Based on the data obtained by the finite element analysis method, the errors of the final tensile stress data obtained by other methods are calculated, and the results are shown in Table 16. It can also be seen that the error of the uniform load method is very large, while the errors of the area method, centroid method and centroid correction method are smaller. However, the centroid method and centroid correction method are better than the area method.

[0132] It should be noted that the method in this embodiment can be executed by a single device, such as a computer or server. The method can also be applied in a distributed scenario, where multiple devices cooperate to complete the task. In such a distributed scenario, one of these devices may execute only one or more steps of the method in this embodiment, and the multiple devices will interact with each other to complete the method described.

[0133] It is to be understood that the foregoing description is exemplary of the application only and is intended to illustrate the aspects of the application which are believed to be novel. Other embodiments readily suggest themselves; however, various modifications and changes can be made thereto without departing from the scope and spirit of the application, and it is understood that the scope of the application is not to be in any way limited to the embodiments presented by way of example hereinabove. Although the application has been described in connection with specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood that it is capable of further modifications and this application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the application following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the application pertains. While the application has been described above with particularity, and reference has been made to examples with or without particular detail thereof, it is to be understood that numerous modifications and changes can be made to the embodiments described without departing from the essence or essential function of the application. It is to be understood that the application is not to be limited to the particular details described, and as such, changes can be made in the details within the scope and range of equivalents of the claims and without departing from the application.

[0134] In some embodiments of the present application, a plate heat exchanger is provided, as shown in Figure 2 The load of each of the clamping studs is calculated according to the area-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0135] The compression plates include a fixed compression plate and a movable compression plate, and a plurality of stacked heat exchange plates are arranged between the fixed compression plate and the movable compression plate, and sealing pads are arranged between adjacent heat exchange plates; a guide rod and the clamping studs are connected between the fixed compression plate and the movable compression plate, and the heat exchange plates are hung on the guide rod. The plate heat exchanger has good stability and low manufacturing cost.

[0136] Each of the embodiments in the present application is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be understood by mutual reference.

[0137] The description is presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to limit the application to the form described. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Embodiments are chosen and described in order to provide a thorough and enabling disclosure of the application, and to enable others skilled in the art to understand the application to carry it into practice and use various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.

[0138] Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the above discussion of any of the embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to suggest that the scope of the application (including the claims) is limited to these examples; the embodiments or technical features among different embodiments can also be combined, and the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the aspects of the embodiments of the present application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.

[0139] Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides an electronic device corresponding to the area-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method of any of the above embodiments, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to realize the area-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method of any of the above embodiments.

[0140] Figure 9 A more specific electronic device hardware structure schematic diagram provided by the embodiment is shown, which can include a processor 1010, a memory 1020, an input / output interface 1030, a communication interface 1040 and a bus 1050. The processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030 and the communication interface 1040 are connected to each other through the bus 1050 for internal communication connection.

[0141] The processor 1010 can be implemented by a general CPU (Central Processing Unit, central processor), a microprocessor, an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC) or one or more integrated circuits, etc., for executing related programs to realize the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present specification.

[0142] The memory 1020 can be implemented by a ROM (Read Only Memory, read-only memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory, random access memory), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, etc. The memory 1020 can store an operating system and other application programs, and when the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present specification are implemented by software or firmware, the related program codes are stored in the memory 1020 and called and executed by the processor 1010.

[0143] The input / output interface 1030 is used to connect the input / output module to realize information input and output. The input / output module can be configured as a component in the device (not shown in the figure) or can be externally connected to the device to provide corresponding functions. The input device can include a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen, a microphone, various sensors, etc., and the output device can include a display, a speaker, a vibrator, an indicator light, etc.

[0144] The communication interface 1040 is used to connect the communication module (not shown in the figure) to realize the communication interaction between the device and other devices. The communication module can realize communication through wired means (such as USB, network cable, etc.) or through wireless means (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.).

[0145] Bus 1050 includes a path for transmitting information among the various components (e.g., processor 1010, memory 1020, input / output interface 1030, and communication interface 1040) of the device.

[0146] It should be noted that although the above device only shows the processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030, the communication interface 1040 and the bus 1050, in the specific implementation process, the device can also include other components necessary for normal operation. In addition, those skilled in the art can understand that the above device can also only contain the components necessary to implement the embodiments of the present application, and does not have to contain all the components shown in the figure.

[0147] The electronic device of the above embodiment is used to implement the corresponding area-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method in any of the preceding embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which are not described here.

[0148] Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is only exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope (including claims) of the present application is limited to these examples; the technical features between the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined under the idea of the present application, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other changes of different aspects of the embodiments of the present application as described above. In order to be brief, they are not provided in detail.

[0149] In addition, in order to simplify the description and discussion, and so as not to make the embodiments of the present application difficult to understand, the known power / ground connections of integrated circuit (IC) chips and other components can or can not be shown in the provided drawings. In addition, devices can be shown in the form of block diagrams in order to avoid making the embodiments of the present application difficult to understand, and this also takes into account the fact that the details of the implementation of these block diagram devices are highly dependent on the platform on which the embodiments of the present application are to be implemented (i.e. these details should be entirely within the understanding of those skilled in the art). Where specific details (e.g. circuits) are set forth in order to describe an exemplary embodiment of the present application, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application can be practiced without these specific details or with variations of these specific details. Therefore, these descriptions should be considered as illustrative rather than limiting.

[0150] Although the present application has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures (e.g. dynamic RAM (DRAM)) can use the embodiments discussed.

[0151] Embodiments of the present application are intended to cover any and all such substitutions, modifications, and variations. Accordingly, any and all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims are included in the present application.

Claims

1. An area-based clamp stud load distribution calculation method, characterized by, The application is applied to plate heat exchanger, which comprises a compression plate and a plurality of clamping studs, the compression plate is provided with a plurality of slots on the outer periphery, the slots are matched with the clamping studs, a plurality of slots are distributed along the axis parallel to the length direction of the compression plate, and the inner part of the compression plate is provided with a total hydraulic force area; the area-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method comprises: On one side of the compression plate along the axis, the axis centers of adjacent clamping studs are connected to obtain a plurality of center lines, and a corresponding perpendicular bisector is drawn for each center line, a plurality of perpendicular bisectors and the axis divide the total hydraulic force area into a plurality of sub-areas, and the sub-areas are arranged one by one with the slots; According to the area of each sub-area, the first hydraulic distribution load of each clamping stud is calculated, wherein the first hydraulic distribution load is positively correlated with the area of the sub-area corresponding to the clamping stud.

2. The area-based clamp stud load distribution calculation method of claim 1, wherein, the first hydraulic distribution load W of each of the clamping studs i = A i × P, wherein A i is the area of the sub-zone corresponding to each of the clamping studs, and P is the design pressure.

3. The area-based clamp stud load distribution calculation method of claim 1, wherein, The corner hole of the compression plate is provided at the corner, and the nominal diameter of the corner hole is less than 300 mm.

4. The area-based clamp stud load distribution calculation method of claim 2, wherein, The outer periphery of the total hydraulic force area is provided with a sealing gasket, and the area-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method further comprises: According to the length of the sealing gasket corresponding to each sub-area, the gasket distribution load of each clamping stud is calculated, wherein the gasket distribution load is positively correlated with the length of the sealing gasket corresponding to the clamping stud.

5. The area-based clamp stud load distribution calculation method of claim 4, wherein, The gasket of each said clamping stud distributes load W p = d i × b × m × P, wherein d i is the length of the gasket corresponding to each said sub-zone, b is the effective sealing width of the gasket, and m is the gasket coefficient of the gasket.

6. The area-based clamp stud load distribution calculation method of claim 5, wherein, Further comprising: A final distribution load W of each of the clamping studs is calculated based on the gasket distribution load and the first hydraulic distribution load, the final distribution load W z = W i + W p .

7. The area-based clamp stud load distribution calculation method of claim 6, wherein, Further comprising: calculating a final tensile stress F for each of the clamping studs based on the final distribution of the load z = W z / s, where s is a design cross-sectional area of the clamping stud.

8. The area-based clamp stud load distribution calculation method of claim 6, wherein, Further comprising: calculating a design diameter for each of the clamping studs based on the final distribution load where S is the allowable stress of the clamping stud material According to the design diameter, the actual diameter of the clamping stud is calculated, and the actual diameter is greater than the design diameter.

9. A plate heat exchanger, characterized by The plate heat exchanger comprises a compression plate and a plurality of clamping studs, and the load of each clamping stud is calculated according to the area-based clamping stud load distribution calculation method according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 9, characterized in that The compression plate comprises a fixed compression plate and a movable compression plate, a plurality of stacked heat exchange plates are arranged between the fixed compression plate and the movable compression plate, and a sealing gasket is arranged between adjacent heat exchange plates; a guide rod and the clamping stud are connected between the fixed compression plate and the movable compression plate, and the heat exchange plate is hung on the guide rod.

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