Cooling system and emergency power car

Abstract

This application relates to the field of temperature management technology, and discloses a cooling system and an emergency power generation vehicle. The cooling system includes a first cooling unit, a second cooling unit, a heat recovery unit, and a controller. The first cooling unit is configured to absorb heat from the refrigerant in the generator; the second cooling unit is configured to absorb heat from the refrigerant in the first cooling unit; the heat recovery unit is configured to absorb heat from the refrigerant in the second cooling unit and utilize the absorbed heat to heat a target heat source; the controller is configured to configure the heat exchange rates of the first cooling unit, the second cooling unit, and the heat recovery unit. Embodiments of this application can improve the generator's operating time and energy utilization efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of temperature management technology, and in particular to a cooling system and an emergency power generation vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In practical applications, the generators in emergency power generation vehicles often have to shut down due to overheating during prolonged operation, with their stable operating time typically only around 8 hours. The root cause of this problem lies in the limitations of the power generation vehicle's cooling system design.

[0003] In related technologies, the cooling system of a generator mainly consists of a water pump, radiator, and cooling fan. Although it can meet the basic heat dissipation requirements, its cooling effect is far from ideal under high load operation, which seriously restricts the performance of the generator. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a cooling system for a generator and an emergency power generation vehicle, which can improve the generator's operating time and energy utilization efficiency.

[0005] This application provides a cooling system, including:

[0006] The first cooling unit is configured to absorb heat from the refrigerant in the generator;

[0007] The second cooling unit is configured to absorb heat from the refrigerant in the first cooling unit;

[0008] The heat recovery unit is configured to absorb the heat from the refrigerant in the second cooling unit and use the absorbed heat to heat the target heat source.

[0009] The controller is configured to configure the heat exchange rates of the first cooling unit, the second cooling unit, and the heat recovery unit.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first cooling unit includes a thermostat, a first liquid pump, and a cooling fan; the thermostat and the first liquid pump are connected by a pipe to form a loop; the first liquid pump pumps incoming refrigerant to a pipe passing through the generator, and pumps refrigerant returning from the pipe passing through the generator to the thermostat; the cooling fan dissipates heat from the refrigerant connected to the first liquid pump.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second cooling unit includes a first liquid storage tank, a second liquid pump, and a first heat exchanger; the first liquid storage tank, the second liquid pump, and the first heat exchanger are connected by pipes to form a loop; the first heat exchanger enables heat exchange between the refrigerant in the pipes of both the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit.

[0012] In some embodiments, the heat recovery unit includes a second liquid storage tank, a third liquid pump, a heat pump, and a second heat exchanger; the second liquid storage tank, the third liquid pump, the heat pump, and the second heat exchanger are connected by pipes to form a loop; the heat pump transfers heat from the refrigerant in the pipes of the second cooling unit to the heat medium in the pipes of the heat recovery unit; the second heat exchanger exchanges heat between the heat medium in the pipes of the heat recovery unit and the outside air to provide external heating.

[0013] In some embodiments, configuring the heat exchange rates of the first cooling unit, the second cooling unit, and the heat recovery unit includes:

[0014] Obtain real-time status parameters; the real-time status parameters include the real-time temperature and real-time load of the generator, and the real-time refrigerant temperature of both the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit;

[0015] Based on the real-time status parameters, the target refrigerant temperature for both the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit is determined;

[0016] Based on the target refrigerant temperature, the heat exchange rates of the first cooling unit, the second cooling unit, and the heat recovery unit are configured to keep the generator temperature within the target range.

[0017] In some embodiments, determining the target refrigerant temperature for both the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit based on the real-time status parameters includes:

[0018] Based on the real-time state parameters, corresponding attention weights are generated;

[0019] The reward function value is obtained based on the attention weight, the deviation between the real-time temperature of the generator and the maximum allowable temperature, the deviation between the real-time temperature of the generator and the real-time refrigerant temperature of the first cooling unit, and the deviation between the real-time temperature of the first cooling unit and the real-time refrigerant temperature of the second cooling unit.

[0020] Based on the reward function value, the target refrigerant temperature for both the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit is determined.

[0021] In some embodiments, before obtaining the reward function value, the method further includes:

[0022] Identify the operating phase of the generator;

[0023] The attention weights are adjusted according to the generator's operating phase.

[0024] In some embodiments, determining the target refrigerant temperature for both the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit based on the reward function value includes:

[0025] The reward function value is mapped to a preset high-dimensional temperature feature space to determine the target refrigerant temperature of the first cooling unit based on the mapping relationship between the reward function value and the temperature feature.

[0026] The target refrigerant temperature of the second cooling unit is determined based on the target refrigerant temperature of the first cooling unit and the heat transfer efficiency between the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit.

[0027] In some embodiments, configuring the heat exchange rates of the first cooling unit, the second cooling unit, and the heat recovery unit based on the target refrigerant temperature includes:

[0028] Based on the deviation between the real-time refrigerant temperature of the first cooling unit and the target refrigerant temperature, the refrigerant flow rates of the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit are configured such that the refrigerant flow rates of the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit are positively correlated with the real-time refrigerant temperature of the first cooling unit, and the refrigerant flow rate deviation between the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit is positively correlated with the deviation between the real-time refrigerant temperature of the first cooling unit and the target refrigerant temperature.

[0029] Based on the deviation between the real-time refrigerant temperature of the second cooling unit and the target refrigerant temperature, the heat absorption rate of the heat recovery unit is configured such that the heat absorption rate of the heat recovery unit is positively correlated with the real-time refrigerant temperature of the second cooling unit, and the media flow deviation between the second cooling unit and the heat recovery unit is positively correlated with the deviation between the real-time refrigerant temperature of the second cooling unit and the target refrigerant temperature.

[0030] This application also provides an emergency power generation vehicle, including a generator and the aforementioned cooling system.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: By constructing a three-stage heat exchange structure and forming a gradient heat dissipation channel, the system's heat capacity is effectively expanded. The introduction of the heat recovery unit converts waste heat energy into useful heat energy, achieving comprehensive energy utilization. The controller's dynamic adjustment mechanism overcomes the shortcomings of fixed-parameter systems in coping with fluctuations in operating conditions, improving the system's adaptive capability. Through the above technical solutions, this application effectively extends the generator's continuous operating time, significantly extending the stable operating cycle of the equipment under the same operating conditions. The heat recovery unit can convert some waste heat into useful heat energy, and the staged cooling structure ensures that the generator winding temperature remains below the insulation material's temperature resistance threshold even under high-temperature operating conditions, preventing malfunctions of the thermal protection device. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling system provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for configuring the heat exchange rates of the first cooling unit, the second cooling unit, and the heat recovery unit according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0035] It should be noted that although functional modules are divided in the device schematic diagram and a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown may be performed in a different order than the module division in the device or the order in the flowchart. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0037] This application provides a cooling system.

[0038] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the cooling system includes a first cooling unit 100, a second cooling unit 200, a heat recovery unit 300, and a controller.

[0039] The first cooling unit 100 is configured to absorb heat from the refrigerant in the generator. It can be understood that the first cooling unit 100 refers to a heat exchange device in direct contact with the generator, and may employ a circulation piping system including a thermostat 110 and a liquid pump, controlling the heat dissipation intensity by adjusting the refrigerant circulation speed.

[0040] The second cooling unit 200 is configured to absorb heat from the refrigerant in the first cooling unit 100. It can be understood that the second cooling unit 200 refers to a device that performs secondary heat exchange with the first unit, and can employ a combination structure of a liquid storage tank and a plate heat exchanger to achieve heat transfer of the refrigerant in different temperature zones.

[0041] The heat recovery unit 300 is configured to absorb heat from the refrigerant in the second cooling unit 200 and use the absorbed heat to heat the target heat source. It can be understood that the heat recovery unit 300 refers to a device that converts waste heat into usable thermal energy, and can employ a reverse Carnot cycle heat pump 330 system to improve the thermal energy quality through a working fluid phase change process.

[0042] The controller is configured to configure the heat exchange rates of the first cooling unit 100, the second cooling unit 200, and the heat recovery unit 300. It can be understood that the controller is a control device that coordinates the multi-stage heat exchange process; it can employ an embedded microprocessor, acquire temperature parameters through sensors, and output control commands.

[0043] In practical applications, the cooling system provided in this application embodiment cools down the generator of the emergency power generation vehicle, which can be a diesel generator.

[0044] Specifically, the heat generated by the generator during operation is absorbed by the refrigerant in the first cooling unit 100, which is then transported through a circulation pipeline for heat dissipation and cooling. The refrigerant in the second cooling unit 200 absorbs the heat from the refrigerant in the first cooling unit 100, and is also transported through a circulation pipeline for heat dissipation and cooling. The heat recovery unit 300 absorbs the heat from the refrigerant in the second cooling unit 200 and heats the target heat source by improving the quality of the heat energy. The controller monitors the generator temperature, the refrigerant temperature in the first cooling unit 100, the refrigerant temperature in the second cooling unit 200, and the heat recovery unit 300 temperature in real time, and dynamically balances the heat exchange rates at each stage by adjusting the flow rate of the medium in each unit. When the generator load suddenly increases, the controller simultaneously increases the refrigerant flow rate in the first cooling unit 100, the heat exchange efficiency in the second cooling unit 200, and the heat absorption rate in the heat recovery unit 300, ensuring timely heat removal and improving energy utilization efficiency, thereby extending the generator's operating time. Therefore, by constructing a three-stage heat exchange structure and forming a gradient heat dissipation channel, the system's heat capacity is effectively expanded. The introduction of the heat recovery unit 300 converts waste heat energy into useful heat energy, achieving comprehensive energy utilization. The controller's dynamic adjustment mechanism overcomes the shortcomings of fixed-parameter systems in coping with fluctuations in operating conditions and enhances the system's adaptive capability. Through the above technical solutions, this application effectively extends the generator's continuous operating time, significantly extending the stable operating cycle of the equipment under the same operating conditions. The heat recovery unit 300 can convert some waste heat into useful heat energy, and the staged cooling structure ensures that the generator winding temperature remains below the insulation material's temperature resistance threshold even under high-temperature operating conditions, preventing malfunctions of the thermal protection device.

[0045] In some embodiments, the first cooling unit 100 includes a thermostat 110, a first liquid pump 120, and a cooling fan 130.

[0046] The thermostat 110 and the first liquid pump 120 are connected by a pipe to form a loop. It can be understood that the thermostat 110 is a device used to regulate the temperature of the refrigerant. Specifically, it can be implemented by a wax thermostat 110 or an electronic thermostat 110. Its function is to automatically adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant through the radiator according to the refrigerant temperature.

[0047] The first liquid pump 120 pumps the incoming refrigerant to the pipeline passing through the generator, and pumps the refrigerant returning from the pipeline passing through the generator to the thermostat 110; the cooling fan 130 dissipates heat from the refrigerant connected to the first liquid pump 120. The first liquid pump 120 is understood to be a mechanical device that drives the refrigerant circulation, specifically a centrifugal pump or a gear pump, whose function is to maintain the flow of refrigerant in the loop through pressure difference. The cooling fan 130 is a forced ventilation device that accelerates the dissipation of refrigerant heat, specifically an axial fan or a centrifugal fan, whose function is to enhance the heat exchange efficiency between the refrigerant and the air through forced convection.

[0048] In the first cooling unit 100, the refrigerant forms a circulating flow path in a closed-loop pipeline. The first liquid pump 120 delivers the low-temperature refrigerant to the internal pipeline of the generator to absorb heat. The heated refrigerant returns to the thermostat 110 for temperature detection. When the refrigerant temperature exceeds a set threshold, the thermostat 110 opens the bypass valve, allowing some refrigerant to enter the area where the cooling fan 130 is located. The cooling fan 130 accelerates the heat exchange between the refrigerant and the ambient air through forced convection. After the refrigerant temperature decreases, it re-enters the liquid pump for circulation, forming a dynamic temperature regulation mechanism. This structure achieves adaptive distribution of refrigerant flow through the synergistic effect of the liquid pump drive and the thermostat 110 regulation, while simultaneously utilizing the cooling fan 130 to improve heat dissipation efficiency. Thus, through the linkage control of the thermostat 110 and the cooling fan 130, the heat dissipation capacity is automatically enhanced when the refrigerant temperature rises, avoiding the problem of decreased heat dissipation efficiency caused by the continuous circulation of high-temperature refrigerant in the loop. In addition, the closed-loop pipeline design reduces the risk of refrigerant leakage, and the liquid pump-driven forced circulation overcomes the slow heat dissipation of natural convection. It can adjust the refrigerant temperature in real time according to the generator's operating status and maintain the refrigerant's continuous cooling capacity by enhancing heat dissipation intensity under high-temperature conditions.

[0049] In some embodiments, the second cooling unit 200 includes a first liquid storage tank 210, a second liquid pump 220, and a first heat exchanger 230.

[0050] The first liquid storage tank 210, the second liquid pump 220, and the first heat exchanger 230 are connected by pipes to form a loop. The first liquid storage tank 210 is understood to be a container used to store and regulate the refrigerant capacity in the second cooling unit 200. Specifically, it can be a sealed metal container with a liquid level sensor, dynamically adjusting the refrigerant storage amount to maintain stable circulation pressure. The second liquid pump 220 is the power unit that drives the refrigerant circulation in the second cooling unit 200. Specifically, it can be a variable frequency centrifugal pump, adjusting its speed to control the refrigerant flow rate to adapt to different operating conditions.

[0051] The first heat exchanger 230 enables heat exchange between the refrigerant in the pipes of the first cooling unit 100 and the second cooling unit 200. It can be understood that the first heat exchanger 230 is a device that enables heat exchange between the first cooling unit 100 and the second cooling unit 200. Specifically, it can be implemented using a plate heat exchanger, increasing the heat transfer efficiency between the two cooling units by increasing the refrigerant contact area.

[0052] The inlet of the first liquid storage tank 210 is connected to the outlet of the second liquid pump 220 via a pipe. The outlet of the first liquid storage tank 210 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the first heat exchanger 230 via a pipe. The refrigerant outlet of the first heat exchanger 230 returns to the inlet of the second liquid pump 220 via a pipe, forming a closed loop. The first heat exchanger 230 is also connected to the pipe of the first cooling unit 100, allowing the high-temperature refrigerant of the first cooling unit 100 and the low-temperature refrigerant of the second cooling unit 200 to exchange heat inside the heat exchanger. When the generator load increases, causing the refrigerant temperature of the first cooling unit 100 to rise, the second liquid pump 220 increases its speed to increase the refrigerant circulation speed. At the same time, the first liquid storage tank 210 releases the stored low-temperature refrigerant to replenish the circulation loop, which quickly absorbs the heat from the first cooling unit 100 through the first heat exchanger 230, thereby reducing the overall temperature of the generator cooling system. Therefore, by adding a second cooling unit 200 to form a two-stage cooling structure, the first liquid storage tank 210 is used to buffer the refrigerant temperature fluctuations, and the first heat exchanger 230 is used to realize the heat gradient transfer of the two-stage refrigerant. This allows heat to be absorbed and dispersed to a larger heat dissipation area step by step, avoiding the problem of insufficient heat dissipation capacity caused by single-stage cooling. It can effectively reduce the peak refrigerant temperature of the generator when it is running under high load, extend the continuous operation time of the emergency generator, and reduce heat dissipation energy consumption through the heat gradient transfer of the two-stage cooling structure, thereby improving the stability and response speed of the cooling system.

[0053] In some embodiments, the heat recovery unit 300 includes a second liquid storage tank 310, a third liquid pump 320, a heat pump 330, and a second heat exchanger 340.

[0054] The second liquid storage tank 310, the third liquid pump 320, the heat pump 330, and the second heat exchanger 340 are connected by pipes to form a loop. The heat pump 330 transfers heat from the refrigerant in the pipes of the second cooling unit 200 to the heat medium in the pipes of the heat recovery unit 300. The second heat exchanger 340 exchanges heat between the heat medium in the pipes of the heat recovery unit 300 and the outside air to provide external heating.

[0055] It can be understood that the second liquid storage tank 310 refers to the container used to store the circulating heat medium within the heat recovery unit 300. Specifically, it can be implemented as a sealed container with an insulation layer, ensuring heat recovery efficiency by maintaining the temperature stability of the heat medium. The third liquid pump 320 refers to the power device that drives the heat medium to circulate within the loop of the heat recovery unit 300. Specifically, it can be implemented as a variable frequency speed control pump, controlling the heat transfer rate by adjusting the flow rate. The heat pump 330 refers to the device that transfers heat from a low-temperature heat source to a high-temperature heat medium. Specifically, it can be implemented as a reverse Carnot cycle unit, achieving heat transfer across systems through the synergistic action of the compressor and heat exchanger. The second heat exchanger 340 refers to the device that releases the heat carried by the heat medium to the external environment. Specifically, it can be implemented as a finned tube heat exchanger, improving the heat exchange efficiency between air and the heat medium by increasing the contact area.

[0056] The heat transfer medium in the second storage tank 310, driven by the third liquid pump 320, enters the second heat exchanger 340, where it exchanges heat with the outside air and releases heat into the heating environment. The heat transfer medium output from the second heat exchanger 340 is pumped by the third liquid pump 320 to the heat pump 330. The heat pump 330 absorbs heat from the refrigerant in the second cooling unit 200, raising the temperature of the heat transfer medium. The heated medium then flows back to the second storage tank 310. During this process, the heat pump 330 recovers waste heat through heat transfer between the refrigerant and the heat transfer medium, while the second heat exchanger 340 transfers heat to the target area through forced convection or natural convection, forming a closed-loop heat utilization chain. Therefore, by combining the heat pump 330 and the second heat exchanger 340, the heat that was originally lost is converted into heating resources. While realizing the cooling function, the energy utilization rate is improved, which solves the efficiency bottleneck problem of the single heat dissipation mode. It can simultaneously recover the waste heat generated by the cooling system during the generator operation and convert it into usable heating energy. This not only reduces the heat load pressure of the cooling system, but also reduces the dependence on external heating equipment, thereby extending the continuous operation time of the generator under high load conditions and avoiding unplanned shutdowns due to overheating.

[0057] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for configuring the heat exchange rates of the first cooling unit, the second cooling unit, and the heat recovery unit, as provided in an embodiment of this application. (See attached document.) Figure 2 In one embodiment, the method includes, but is not limited to, steps S201 to S203.

[0058] Step S201: Obtain real-time status parameters.

[0059] Real-time status parameters include the generator's real-time temperature and load, and the real-time refrigerant temperatures of both the first cooling unit 100 and the second cooling unit 200. In essence, real-time status parameters refer to a set of data reflecting the current operating status of the system. Specifically, they can be implemented using temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and current detection devices to dynamically monitor the thermal state of the generator set and the cooling medium.

[0060] Step S202: Based on real-time status parameters, determine the target refrigerant temperature for both the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit.

[0061] It is understandable that the target refrigerant temperature refers to the threshold temperature of the cooling medium set to achieve effective heat dissipation. Specifically, it can be obtained through thermodynamic model calculation or fitting of historical operating data, and is used to guide the power adjustment of heat exchange equipment.

[0062] Step S203: Based on the target refrigerant temperature, configure the heat exchange rates of the first cooling unit, the second cooling unit, and the heat recovery unit to keep the generator temperature within the target range.

[0063] It is understandable that the heat exchange rate configuration refers to adjusting the heat transfer efficiency between each cooling unit and the heat recovery unit 300. Specifically, it can be achieved by adjusting the liquid pump speed, valve opening, or heat pump 330 power to balance the heat load distribution of different cooling stages.

[0064] When the generator is under high load, its internal temperature may rise rapidly. At this time, temperature sensors collect data on the generator winding temperature and the inlet and outlet temperatures of the cooling medium, and the current heat load is calculated based on the load current. According to a preset heat balance equation, the target refrigerant temperature values ​​required by the first cooling unit 100 and the second cooling unit 200 are derived. The flow rates of the first liquid pump 120 and the second liquid pump 220 are adjusted using a proportional-integral control algorithm, enabling the primary cooling circuit to quickly absorb heat from the generator. Simultaneously, based on changes in the refrigerant temperature in the secondary circuit, the power of the heat pump 330 in the heat recovery unit 300 is controlled in a coordinated manner, maximizing waste heat recovery efficiency while ensuring cooling effectiveness. The entire process forms a closed-loop control, keeping the generator core temperature below the material tolerance threshold. Thus, by real-time monitoring of multi-dimensional operating parameters, a dynamic temperature control model is established, achieving coordinated adjustment of all aspects of the cooling system. This active thermal management method overcomes the limitations of traditional passive heat dissipation, significantly improving temperature control accuracy under complex operating conditions. Through the coordinated control of multi-stage cooling units and the heat recovery unit 300, the safe operating temperature of the generator is ensured while achieving cascade utilization of thermal energy resources. This control strategy can automatically optimize the operating parameters of each heat exchange link according to the actual operating status, significantly improve the cooling system's adaptability to load fluctuations, and extend the generator set's continuous stable operation time.

[0065] In some embodiments, determining the target refrigerant temperature for both the first cooling unit 100 and the second cooling unit 200 based on real-time state parameters includes: generating corresponding attention weights based on the real-time state parameters; obtaining reward function values ​​based on the attention weights, the deviation between the generator's real-time temperature and the maximum allowable temperature, the deviation between the generator's real-time temperature and the real-time refrigerant temperature of the first cooling unit 100, and the deviation between the first cooling unit 100's real-time temperature and the second cooling unit 200's real-time refrigerant temperature; and determining the target refrigerant temperature for both the first cooling unit 100 and the second cooling unit 200 based on the reward function values.

[0066] It can be understood that attention weights are coefficients used to dynamically adjust the degree of influence of different parameters on temperature control. Specifically, they can be generated by extracting features from real-time state parameters using a machine learning model. The attention mechanism prioritizes critical parameters sensitive to temperature fluctuations. The reward function value is a quantitative indicator used to evaluate the effectiveness of temperature control. Specifically, it can be calculated by combining multiple temperature deviation terms with the attention weights using a weighted summation method. This function value reflects the gap between the current cooling strategy and the ideal state. The maximum allowable temperature refers to the upper limit of the temperature that the generator can reach under safe operating conditions. Specifically, it can be set as a fixed threshold based on the generator model and material properties. This parameter serves as a constraint on temperature control to prevent equipment overheating and damage.

[0067] During generator operation, real-time data are collected on the generator's temperature and load, as well as the refrigerant temperatures of both the first cooling unit 100 and the second cooling unit 200. This data is input into a pre-trained neural network model, which generates dynamically changing attention weights by analyzing the correlations between different parameters. For example, during startup, the generator temperature change rate may be given higher weight, while during stable operation, refrigerant temperature deviation may receive more attention. The attention weights are then used in a matrix operation with the three temperature deviation terms to obtain a reward function value reflecting the current cooling efficiency. When the reward function value falls below a preset threshold, the control algorithm automatically adjusts the target refrigerant temperature, for example, prioritizing a reduction in the target temperature of the first cooling unit 100 under high-temperature conditions. Thus, by introducing an attention mechanism and a reward function evaluation mechanism, key control parameters can be dynamically identified and multivariate coupling relationships established. For example, under sudden load increases, the temperature control weight for the second cooling unit 200 can be automatically increased, thereby achieving precise optimization of the cooling process.

[0068] In some embodiments, before obtaining the reward function value, the method further includes: identifying the operating phase of the generator; and adjusting the attention weights according to the operating phase of the generator.

[0069] It is understandable that identifying the operating stage refers to determining whether the generator is currently in a startup, stable operation, or high load state through sensors or algorithms. Specifically, this can be achieved by using temperature sensors to collect the winding temperature change rate and current sensors to detect load fluctuation characteristics, in order to distinguish the thermal load characteristics of different operating stages.

[0070] During the generator startup phase, the real-time temperature rises rapidly, requiring the cooling system to quickly establish basic heat dissipation capacity. By identifying this operational phase, the controller prioritizes temperature deviation parameters, setting the weighting coefficient for the deviation between real-time and target temperatures to 0.6, and the weighting coefficient for heat transfer efficiency to 0.3. Once the system enters a stable operating phase, it automatically reduces the temperature deviation weight to 0.4 while increasing the heat transfer efficiency weight to 0.5, achieving a balance between energy consumption and heat dissipation efficiency. For sudden high-load conditions, the system identifies the operational phase by detecting sudden current changes and increases the heat dissipation efficiency weight to 0.7, ensuring rapid removal of excess heat. Thus, dynamic adjustment of weighting parameters is achieved through operational phase identification. For example, during startup, priority is given to controlling the rate of temperature rise; during the stable phase, energy efficiency is optimized; and during high-load phases, heat dissipation capacity is enhanced, creating a dynamic match between the control strategy and the thermodynamic state.

[0071] In some embodiments, determining the target refrigerant temperature of both the first cooling unit 100 and the second cooling unit 200 based on the reward function value includes: mapping the reward function value to a preset high-dimensional temperature feature space to determine the target refrigerant temperature of the first cooling unit 100 based on the mapping relationship between the reward function value and the temperature feature; and determining the target refrigerant temperature of the second cooling unit 200 based on the target refrigerant temperature of the first cooling unit 100 and the heat transfer efficiency between the first cooling unit 100 and the second cooling unit 200.

[0072] It can be understood that a high-dimensional temperature feature space refers to a data space in which temperature parameters are associated with multi-dimensional feature vectors through machine learning models. Specifically, it can be achieved by training historical temperature data using a neural network model, in order to capture the complex nonlinear relationship between refrigerant temperature and generator operating status.

[0073] During generator operation, real-time state parameters are input to the controller, and a reward function value is generated through a reinforcement learning algorithm. This reward function value is mapped to a high-dimensional temperature feature space, matching the temperature feature vector that best fits the current operating state to determine the target refrigerant temperature of the first cooling unit 100. Subsequently, based on the calibrated heat transfer efficiency curve between the first cooling unit 100 and the second cooling unit 200, and combined with the target temperature of the first cooling unit 100, the target refrigerant temperature of the second cooling unit 200 is dynamically calculated. For example, when the heat transfer efficiency is 0.85, the target temperature of the second cooling unit 200 can be set as the product of the target temperature of the first cooling unit 100 and the efficiency value. Thus, a deep correlation between temperature control and system state is established through high-dimensional feature mapping, while the heat transfer efficiency parameter is introduced to accurately quantify the energy transfer constraints between the two cooling units, ensuring that the target temperature setpoint simultaneously meets the generator's heat dissipation requirements and the system's thermal balance conditions.

[0074] In some embodiments, configuring the heat exchange rates of the first cooling unit 100, the second cooling unit 200, and the heat recovery unit 300 based on the target refrigerant temperature includes: configuring the refrigerant flow rates of both the first cooling unit 100 and the second cooling unit 200 based on the deviation between the real-time refrigerant temperature of the first cooling unit 100 and the target refrigerant temperature, such that the refrigerant flow rates of both the first cooling unit 100 and the second cooling unit 200 are positively correlated with the real-time refrigerant temperature of the first cooling unit 100, and the refrigerant flow rates of the first cooling unit 100 and the second cooling unit 200 are respectively positively correlated with the real-time refrigerant temperature of the first cooling unit 100. The refrigerant flow deviation between 0 and 0 is positively correlated with the deviation between the real-time refrigerant temperature of the first cooling unit 100 and the target refrigerant temperature; based on the deviation between the real-time refrigerant temperature of the second cooling unit 200 and the target refrigerant temperature, the heat absorption rate of the heat recovery unit 300 is configured so that the heat absorption rate of the heat recovery unit 300 is positively correlated with the real-time refrigerant temperature of the second cooling unit 200, and the media flow deviation between the second cooling unit 200 and the heat recovery unit 300 is positively correlated with the deviation between the real-time refrigerant temperature of the second cooling unit 200 and the target refrigerant temperature.

[0075] It can be understood that refrigerant flow deviation refers to the difference in flow rate of the medium between the first cooling unit 100 and the second cooling unit 200. This can be achieved by adjusting the pump speed or valve opening, and its function is to dynamically adjust the energy distribution between the cooling units based on the temperature deviation. Medium flow deviation refers to the difference in flow rate between the heat transfer medium inside the heat recovery unit 300 and the refrigerant in the second cooling unit 200. This can be achieved by independently controlling the coordinated operation of the third liquid pump 320 and the second liquid pump 220, and its function is to maintain the thermal balance between the heat recovery process and the cooling system.

[0076] When the generator operation causes the refrigerant temperature in the first cooling unit 100 to rise, the controller accelerates refrigerant circulation by increasing the flow rate of the first liquid pump 120, and simultaneously activates the second liquid pump 220 to increase the refrigerant flow rate in the secondary cooling system. At this time, the flow rate difference between the first cooling unit 100 and the second cooling unit 200 widens as the temperature deviation increases, creating a gradient heat dissipation effect. When the refrigerant temperature in the second cooling unit 200 exceeds a set threshold, the heat recovery unit 300 enhances its heat absorption capacity by increasing the power of the heat pump 330. Simultaneously, the flow rate of the third liquid pump 320 is dynamically adjusted according to the temperature change in the second cooling unit 200, ensuring that the waste heat recovery process does not affect the stable operation of the cooling system. Therefore, by establishing a correlation mechanism between refrigerant flow rate and temperature deviation, multi-level linkage control between the cooling system and the heat recovery unit 300 is achieved, improving waste heat utilization while ensuring the generator's heat dissipation needs are met.

[0077] This application also provides an emergency power generation vehicle.

[0078] The emergency power generation vehicle includes a generator and the aforementioned cooling system. The specific structure of the cooling system is as described in the above embodiments. Since the emergency power generation vehicle provided in this application adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0079] In summary, the cooling system and emergency generator provided in this application, by constructing a three-stage heat exchange structure and forming a gradient heat dissipation channel, effectively expand the system's heat capacity. The introduction of the heat recovery unit converts waste heat energy into useful heat energy, achieving comprehensive energy utilization. The controller's dynamic adjustment mechanism overcomes the shortcomings of fixed-parameter systems in coping with fluctuations in operating conditions, enhancing the system's adaptive capability. Through the above technical solutions, this application effectively extends the generator's continuous operating time, significantly extending the stable operating cycle of the equipment under the same operating conditions. The heat recovery unit can convert some waste heat into useful heat energy, and the staged cooling structure ensures that the generator winding temperature remains below the insulation material's temperature resistance threshold even under high-temperature operating conditions, preventing malfunctions of the thermal protection device.

[0080] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "more than" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0081] The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this does not limit the scope of the claims of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and substance of the embodiments of the present application shall be within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A cooling system, characterized in that, include: The first cooling unit is configured to absorb heat from the refrigerant in the generator; The second cooling unit is configured to absorb heat from the refrigerant in the first cooling unit; The heat recovery unit is configured to absorb the heat from the refrigerant in the second cooling unit and use the absorbed heat to heat the target heat source. The controller is configured to configure the heat exchange rates of the first cooling unit, the second cooling unit, and the heat recovery unit. The configuration of the heat exchange rates of the first cooling unit, the second cooling unit, and the heat recovery unit includes: Obtain real-time status parameters; the real-time status parameters include the real-time temperature and real-time load of the generator, and the real-time refrigerant temperature of both the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit; Based on the real-time status parameters, the target refrigerant temperature for both the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit is determined; Based on the target refrigerant temperature, the heat exchange rates of the first cooling unit, the second cooling unit, and the heat recovery unit are configured to keep the generator temperature within the target range. Determining the target refrigerant temperature for both the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit based on the real-time status parameters includes: Based on the real-time state parameters, corresponding attention weights are generated; The reward function value is obtained based on the attention weight, the deviation between the real-time temperature of the generator and the maximum allowable temperature, the deviation between the real-time temperature of the generator and the real-time refrigerant temperature of the first cooling unit, and the deviation between the real-time temperature of the first cooling unit and the real-time refrigerant temperature of the second cooling unit. Based on the reward function value, the target refrigerant temperature for both the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit is determined.

2. The cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first cooling unit includes a thermostat, a first liquid pump, and a cooling fan; the thermostat and the first liquid pump are connected by a pipe to form a loop; the first liquid pump pumps incoming refrigerant to the pipe passing through the generator, and pumps refrigerant returning from the pipe passing through the generator to the thermostat; the cooling fan dissipates heat from the refrigerant connected to the first liquid pump.

3. The cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second cooling unit includes a first liquid storage tank, a second liquid pump, and a first heat exchanger; the first liquid storage tank, the second liquid pump, and the first heat exchanger are connected by pipes to form a loop; the first heat exchanger enables heat exchange between the refrigerant in the pipes of both the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit.

4. The cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat recovery unit includes a second liquid storage tank, a third liquid pump, a heat pump, and a second heat exchanger; the second liquid storage tank, the third liquid pump, the heat pump, and the second heat exchanger are connected by pipes to form a loop; the heat pump transfers the heat of the refrigerant in the pipes of the second cooling unit to the heat medium in the pipes of the heat recovery unit; the second heat exchanger exchanges heat between the heat medium in the pipes of the heat recovery unit and the outside air to provide external heating.

5. The cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before obtaining the reward function value, the process also includes: Identify the operating phase of the generator; The attention weights are adjusted according to the generator's operating phase.

6. The cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the target refrigerant temperature for both the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit based on the reward function value includes: The reward function value is mapped to a preset high-dimensional temperature feature space to determine the target refrigerant temperature of the first cooling unit based on the mapping relationship between the reward function value and the temperature feature. The target refrigerant temperature of the second cooling unit is determined based on the target refrigerant temperature of the first cooling unit and the heat transfer efficiency between the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit.

7. The cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of configuring the heat exchange rates of the first cooling unit, the second cooling unit, and the heat recovery unit based on the target refrigerant temperature includes: Based on the deviation between the real-time refrigerant temperature of the first cooling unit and the target refrigerant temperature, the refrigerant flow rates of the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit are configured such that the refrigerant flow rates of the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit are positively correlated with the real-time refrigerant temperature of the first cooling unit, and the refrigerant flow rate deviation between the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit is positively correlated with the deviation between the real-time refrigerant temperature of the first cooling unit and the target refrigerant temperature. Based on the deviation between the real-time refrigerant temperature of the second cooling unit and the target refrigerant temperature, the heat absorption rate of the heat recovery unit is configured such that the heat absorption rate of the heat recovery unit is positively correlated with the real-time refrigerant temperature of the second cooling unit, and the media flow deviation between the second cooling unit and the heat recovery unit is positively correlated with the deviation between the real-time refrigerant temperature of the second cooling unit and the target refrigerant temperature.

8. An emergency power generation vehicle, characterized in that, Includes a generator and the cooling system as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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