Communication method and communication device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a communication method and a communication device, and the method comprises the steps that a first A-IoT device sends first information to a first node, and the first information is used for the first A-IoT device to request a first signal from the first node; receiving a first signal from the first node; because the frequency offset of the A-IoT system is serious and data transmission is affected, based on the method, the first A-IoT device can correct the code element length in the signal sent to the first node according to the first signal, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the data transmission of the A-IoT system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to communication methods and communication devices. Background Technology

[0002] Ambient-internet of things (A-IoT) is an IoT technology that provides high connection density, low power consumption, low complexity, and low cost.

[0003] In A-IoT communication systems, a mismatch in the crystal clock oscillation frequencies of the transceiver can lead to sampling clock frequency offset (SFO). Due to the limited capabilities of A-IoT devices or the simple system architecture, the SFO in A-IoT systems is often quite large, for example, reaching 10. X The concentration of parts per million (ppm) causes significant frequency deviation in A-IoT systems, thus affecting data transmission. Therefore, it is necessary to research solutions that can improve the accuracy and reliability of data transmission in A-IoT systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application discloses a communication method and a communication device, which can improve the accuracy and reliability of data transmission in A-IoT systems.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication method. This method can be applied to a first A-IoT device, a communication module in the first A-IoT device, or a circuit or chip in the first A-IoT device responsible for communication functions. Taking the application of this method to a first A-IoT device as an example, the method includes: the first A-IoT device sending first information to a first node, the first information being used by the first A-IoT device to request a first signal from the first node; receiving the first signal from the first node; and correcting the symbol length in the signal sent to the first node according to the first signal.

[0006] In this embodiment of the application, since the frequency offset of the A-IoT system is serious, it affects data transmission. Based on this method, the first A-IoT device can correct the symbol length in the signal sent to the first node according to the first signal, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of data transmission in the A-IoT system.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate any of the following: the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended; the total amount of data that the first A-IoT device needs to transmit; the amount of data that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted; the total number of data packets that the first A-IoT device needs to transmit; the number of data packets that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted; and there is no need to carry additional information to request the first signal from the first node, which helps to save bit overhead.

[0008] In one possible implementation, sending first information to the first node includes: the first A-IoT device sending a second signal to the first node, wherein the first information is carried in a post-synchronization code contained in the second signal; reusing the post-synchronization code to carry the first information helps to save bit overhead.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the first information includes one bit; when the value of the one bit is a first value, the first information is used by the A-IoT device to request a first signal from the first node, or the first information is used to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended; the first signal can be requested from the first node with less bit overhead. The transmission of the first A-IoT device can be a transmission from the first A-IoT device to the first node.

[0010] In one possible implementation, receiving a first signal from a first node includes: the first A-IoT device receiving a first signal every k data transmissions, where k is an integer greater than 0; k is determined by any of the following: k is indicated by the first node; or k is determined by the first A-IoT device; or k is predefined by a protocol.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the first information is carried on a third signal, which also includes one or more of the following: a preamble, data transmitted from the first A-IoT device to the first node, and a post-synchronization code.

[0012] In one possible implementation, k data transmissions are transmissions from the first A-IoT device to the first node.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the first signal contains only a preamble.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the first signal includes a preamble and a postamble.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: the first A-IoT device performing a device-originated-autonomous (DO-A) transmission service.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: when the first A-IoT device receives the first signal and has a need to perform the DO-A service, it performs the DO-A service. For the DO-A service, the first A-IoT device receiving the first signal is a prerequisite for performing the DO-A service.

[0017] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide another communication method. This method is applied to a first node, or a communication module in the first node, or a circuit or chip in the first node responsible for communication functions. Taking the application of this method to a first node as an example, the method includes: the first node receiving first information from a first A-IoT device, the first information being used by the first A-IoT device to request a first signal from the first node, the first signal being used to correct the symbol length in the signal sent by the first A-IoT device to the first node; and sending the first signal to the first A-IoT device according to the first information; so that the first A-IoT device corrects the symbol length in the signal sent to the first node, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of data transmission in the A-IoT system.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate any of the following: the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended; the total amount of data that the first A-IoT device needs to transmit; the amount of data that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted; the total number of data packets that the first A-IoT device needs to transmit; the number of data packets that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted. This eliminates the need to request the first signal from the first node with additional information, which helps to save bit overhead.

[0019] In one possible implementation, receiving first information from a first A-IoT device includes: the first node receiving a second signal from the first A-IoT device, wherein the first information is carried in a post-synchronization code contained in the second signal; multiplexing the post-synchronization code to carry the first information is beneficial for saving bit overhead.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the first information contains one bit; when the value of the one bit is a first value, the first information is used for the A-IoT device to request a first signal from the first node, or the first information is used to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended; the first signal can be requested from the first node with less bit overhead.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the first signal is sent to the first A-IoT device according to the first information, comprising: sending the first signal to the first A-IoT device and receiving the first signal every k data transmissions, according to the first information; where k is determined by any one of the following: k is determined by the first node; or k is indicated by the first A-IoT device; or k is predefined by the protocol.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the first information is carried on a third signal, which also includes one or more of the following: a preamble, data transmitted from the first A-IoT device to the first node, and a post-synchronization code.

[0023] In one possible implementation, k data transmissions are transmissions from the first A-IoT device to the first node.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the first signal contains only a preamble.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the first signal includes a preamble and a post-synchronization code.

[0026] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device that has the functionality to implement the behavior described in the method embodiments of the first aspect. This communication device can be an A-IoT device, a component of an A-IoT device (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the A-IoT device. The functionality of the communication device can be implemented in hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software, the hardware or software including one or more modules or units corresponding to the aforementioned functions. In one possible implementation, the communication device includes a transceiver module, wherein: the transceiver module is configured to send first information to a first node, the first information being used by the first A-IoT device to request a first signal from the first node; receive the first signal from the first node; and a processing module is configured to correct the symbol length in the signal sent to the first node based on the first signal.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module is specifically used to send a second signal to the first node, wherein the first information is carried in the post-synchronization code contained in the second signal.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module is specifically configured to receive a first signal every k data transmissions, where k is an integer greater than 0; k is determined by any of the following: k is indicated by the first node; or k is determined by the first A-IoT device; or k is predefined by the protocol.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module is also used to perform DO-A services.

[0030] For possible implementations of the communication device in the third aspect, please refer to the various possible implementations in the first aspect.

[0031] For the technical effects of the various possible implementations of the third aspect, please refer to the introduction of the technical effects of the first aspect or the various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0032] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device that has the function of implementing the behavior described in the method embodiments of the second aspect above. The communication device may be a network device, a component of a network device (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the network device. Alternatively, the communication device may be a terminal device, a component of a terminal device (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the terminal device. The function of the communication device can be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software, the hardware or software including one or more modules or units corresponding to the above functions. In one possible implementation, the communication device includes a transceiver module, wherein: the transceiver module is configured to receive first information from a first A-IoT device, the first information being used by the first A-IoT device to request a first signal from a first node, the first signal being used to correct the symbol length in the signal sent by the first A-IoT device to the first node; a processing module is configured to determine, based on the first information, to send a first signal to the first A-IoT device; the transceiver module is further configured to send the first signal to the first A-IoT device.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module is specifically used to receive a second signal from a first A-IoT device, wherein the first information is carried in a post-synchronization code contained in the second signal.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the processing module is specifically configured to, for every k data transmissions, determine, based on first information, to send a first signal to the first A-IoT device, where k is an integer greater than 0; k is determined by any of the following: k is determined by the first node; or k is indicated by the first A-IoT device; or k is predefined by the protocol.

[0035] For possible implementations of the communication device in the fourth aspect, please refer to the various possible implementations in the second aspect.

[0036] For the technical effects of the various possible implementations of the fourth aspect, please refer to the introduction of the technical effects of the second aspect or the various possible implementations of the second aspect.

[0037] Fifthly, this application provides a communication device including an interface circuit and one or more processors. The one or more processors are coupled to a memory. The memory stores part or all of the necessary computer program or instructions for implementing the functions described in the first aspect. The one or more processors can execute the computer program or instructions, causing the communication device to implement the methods in any possible design or implementation of the first aspect. The interface circuit is used to implement the communication functions within the communication device and / or the communication functions between the communication device and other devices or components.

[0038] Sixthly, this application provides a communication device including an interface circuit and one or more processors. The one or more processors are coupled to a memory. The memory stores part or all of the necessary computer program or instructions for implementing the functions described in the second aspect above. The one or more processors are executable to carry out the computer program or instructions, causing the communication device to implement the methods in any possible design or implementation of the second aspect above. The interface circuit is used to implement the communication functions within the communication device and / or the communication functions between the communication device and other devices or components.

[0039] In one possible design of any of the fifth to sixth aspects, the processor is used to communicate with other devices or components through the interface circuit.

[0040] In any of the fifth to sixth aspects of the design, the communication device may also include the memory.

[0041] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a communication system, which includes a communication device according to the third aspect and a communication device according to the fourth aspect.

[0042] Eighthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-readable instructions that, when read and executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method in any of the possible implementations of the first to second aspects described above.

[0043] Ninthly, this application provides a computer program product that, when read and executed by a computer, causes the computer to perform the method in any of the possible implementations of the first to second aspects described above. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1A , Figure 1B , Figure 1C , Figure 1D as well as Figure 1EA schematic diagram of the A-IoT connection topology provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 3A This application provides an example of a frame structure for a first signal.

[0047] Figure 3B A schematic diagram of the frame structure of the preamble in the first signal is provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the frame structure of an A-IoT D2R signal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 5A An example of a first code type provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 5B This is another example of a first code type provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another frame structure of A-IoT D2R signal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 7 A comparative diagram showing the symbol lengths in the signals transmitted by the first node provided in this application;

[0053] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 9A This is a schematic diagram illustrating the first A-IoT device transmitting k data to the first node according to an embodiment of this application.

[0055] Figure 9B This application provides an embodiment of the interaction diagram between a first node and a first A-IoT device;

[0056] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 11 An example of splitting the transmission of a large data packet into the transmission of multiple smaller data packets is shown;

[0058] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 1200 provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 13A schematic diagram of the structure of a device is shown;

[0060] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of another device is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The terms "first" and "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are only used to distinguish different objects and not to describe a specific order. It is understood that the various numerical designations used in the embodiments of this application are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The order of the process numbers does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0062] The term "embodiment" as used herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0063] The terminology used in the following embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to include the plural expressions as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the listed items. For example, “A and / or B” can mean: the presence of only A, the presence of only B, and the presence of both A and B, where A and B can be singular or plural. The term “multiple” as used in this application refers to two or more. In the textual description of this application, the character “ / ” generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an “or” relationship.

[0064] It is understood that in the various embodiments of this application, "B corresponding to A" means that there is a correspondence between A and B, and B can be determined based on A. However, it should also be understood that determining (or generating) B based on (or on) A does not mean that B is determined (or generated) solely based on (or on) A; B can also be determined (or generated) based on (or on) A and other information.

[0065] It should be understood that in this application, the indication includes direct indication (also known as explicit indication) and implicit indication. Direct indication information A refers to information A being included; implicit indication information A refers to information A being indicated through the correspondence between information A and information B, and through direct indication information B. The correspondence between information A and information B can be predefined, pre-stored, pre-burned, or pre-configured.

[0066] It should be understood that in this application, the use of information C to determine information D includes both determining information D based solely on information C and determining it based on information C and other information. Furthermore, the use of information C to determine information D can also be indirect, for example, where information D is determined based on information E, and information E is determined based on information C.

[0067] In this application, the phrase "sending information to... (e.g., a terminal)" or the related illustrations in the accompanying drawings can be understood as the destination of the information being a terminal. This can include sending information to a terminal directly or indirectly. The information may undergo necessary processing between the source and destination, such as format changes, but the destination can understand the valid information from the source. Similar expressions in this application can be interpreted similarly, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0068] To facilitate understanding of the solutions in this application, the terminology and technical solutions involved in the embodiments of this application will be introduced first below.

[0069] 1. Backscattering technique:

[0070] Backscattering technology can also be called backscattering communication. Backscattering communication can also be called back reflection communication, reflection communication, passive communication, passive communication, or scattering communication, etc., and the embodiments in this application are not limited thereto. Backscattering is a communication method that modulates carrier signals existing in the environment or emitted by signal excitation sources to transmit information.

[0071] The composition of a backscatter system can vary depending on the application. A typical backscatter communication system includes: a backscatter tag (i.e., an A-IoT device) and a reader.

[0072] 2. A-IoT devices:

[0073] The research on A-IoT aims to provide a standard solution that is battery-free, low-power, low-complexity, and low-cost. Within the 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project) standards framework, it is a lower-capability standard than Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT). In non-3GPP frameworks, its market target is radio frequency identification (RFID), offering a comparable and more advantageous technological solution.

[0074] The demand for A-IoT stems from its aim to address scenarios not currently covered by 3GPP technology. For example, A-IoT can be applied to the following scenarios: 1) extreme environments (such as high pressure, extremely high / low temperature, humid environments, etc.); 2) scenarios that strongly require ultra-low complexity, very small device size / shape factor (such as millimeter thickness), maintenance-free operation (such as traditional batteries that do not require device replacement), and longer lifespan; 3) device scenarios where traditional battery-powered devices are not suitable.

[0075] In addition, A-IoT can provide IoT services and features low power consumption, low complexity, small size, and long lifespan. A-IoT devices are powered by energy harvesting and can operate without batteries or with limited energy storage capacity (i.e., using capacitors). They can communicate with other devices without a traditional power source or avoid human intervention for charging or replacement.

[0076] An A-IoT device (or A-IoT equipment) is a device without a battery and with limited energy storage capacity (i.e., using capacitors). The device itself can obtain energy from radio waves or, under specific use cases, from any other form of energy. For example, in some scenarios, an A-IoT device can obtain energy from radio waves, which may originate from a 5G New Radio (NR) network entity or a User Equipment (UE). In other scenarios, an A-IoT device can obtain energy from solar energy, light, motion / vibration, heat, pressure, or any other source of power.

[0077] In one possible example, an A-IoT device can have the following two characteristics:

[0078] A-IoT device 1 has a peak power consumption of approximately 1 microwatt, energy storage capabilities, a sampling clock frequency offset (SFO) as high as 10X ppm, and no signal amplification capability. The D2R (device-to-reader) transmission of A-IoT device 1 is based on backscatter transmission using an externally provided carrier frequency. D2R refers to the transmission process from the A-IoT device to the network node, which is described in detail below.

[0079] A-IoT device 2 has a peak power consumption of several hundred microwatts, energy storage capabilities, a SFO of up to 10X ppm, and signal amplification capabilities. Furthermore, based on the source of the carrier frequency used for transmission, A-IoT device 2 can be divided into A-IoT device 2a and A-IoT device 2b. Specifically, A-IoT device 2a's D2R transmission is based on backscatter transmission using an externally provided carrier frequency, while A-IoT device 2b's D2R transmission is based on a carrier frequency generated internally within the device.

[0080] 3. A-IoT Connection Topology:

[0081] The 3GPP Radio Access Network (RAN) plenary meeting studied A-IoT connection topologies and identified four categories and five topology forms, namely Network Topology 1 (corresponding to one topology form), Network Topology 2 (corresponding to two topology forms), Network Topology 3 (corresponding to one topology form), and Network Topology 4 (corresponding to one topology form). In all these connection topologies, carriers from other nodes inside or outside the topology can be provided to IoT devices in the environment. Links in each topology can be bidirectional or unidirectional. Base stations, terminals, auxiliary nodes, or intermediate nodes can be multiple base stations (BSs) or UEs.

[0082] Network Topology 1: Network Devices A-IoT devices, also known as A-IoT devices, communicate directly and bidirectionally with network devices, such as... Figure 1A As shown. Figure 1A This is a schematic diagram of an A-IoT connection topology provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1A As shown, network devices (i.e. Figure 1AThe base station (shown in the figures) sends an A-IoT R2D (reader-to-device) signal to the A-IoT device; the A-IoT device receives the A-IoT R2D signal sent from the network device; optionally, the A-IoT device sends a corresponding response signal to the network device (this response signal can be a backscattered signal). Correspondingly, the A-IoT device sends an A-IoT D2R signal to the network device; the network device receives the A-IoT D2R signal sent from the A-IoT device; optionally, the network device sends a corresponding response signal to the A-IoT device. In the accompanying figures of this application, the base station is used as an example of a network device, that is, the base station represents a network device.

[0083] It should be noted that, in Figure 1A In A-IoT, transmission from network devices to A-IoT devices can be called "R2D" transmission, while transmission from A-IoT devices to network devices can be called "D2R" transmission. A-IoT R2D signals refer to signals sent from network devices (or nodes) to A-IoT devices. A-IoT D2R signals refer to signals sent from A-IoT devices to network devices.

[0084] In some possible implementations, a network device is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities. In some implementations, the network device may be responsible for air interface-side radio resource management (RRM), quality of service (QoS) management, data compression and encryption, and data transmission and reception.

[0085] In some possible implementations, network devices may include base stations (BS) in a communication system or devices deployed in a radio access network (RAN) to provide wireless communication functions; that is, network devices may include devices in the RAN. For example, devices in the RAN may include evolved node B (eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE communication system, next-generation evolved node B (ng-eNB) in an NR communication system, next-generation node B (gNB) in an NR communication system, master node (MN) in a dual-connectivity architecture, and secondary node (SN) in a dual-connectivity architecture, etc., without specific limitations.

[0086] In some possible implementations, network devices may include devices in the core network (CN). For example, devices in the CN may include access and mobility management functions (AMF), user plane functions (UPF), session management functions (SMF), etc.

[0087] In some possible implementations, network devices can also be access points (APs) or relay stations in wireless local area networks (WLANs), communication devices in future public land mobile networks (PLMNs), or communication devices in non-terrestrial networks (NTNs).

[0088] In some possible implementations, the network device may include means for providing wireless communication capabilities to terminal devices, such as a chip system, a chip, or a chip module. For example, the chip system may include a chip, or it may include other discrete devices.

[0089] In some possible implementations, network devices can communicate with Internet Protocol (IP) networks, such as the Internet, private IP networks, or other data networks.

[0090] In some possible implementations, the network device may include a single node to perform the functions of the aforementioned base station, or it may include two or more independent nodes to perform the functions of the aforementioned base station. For example, the network device includes centralized units (CUs) and distributed units (DUs), such as gNB-CU and gNB-DU.

[0091] In some possible implementations, the network device can be any of the multiple sites that perform coherent joint transmission (CJT) with the terminal device, or other sites outside of the multiple sites, or other network devices that communicate with the terminal device, without any specific restrictions.

[0092] In some possible implementations, the network device can have mobility characteristics; for example, the network device can be a mobile device. Optionally, the network device can be a satellite or a balloon station. For example, the satellite can be a low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite, a medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellite, a geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) satellite, a high elliptical orbit (HEO) satellite, etc. Optionally, the network device can also be a base station located on land, water, or other similar locations.

[0093] In some possible implementations, network devices can provide services to a cell, and terminal devices within that cell can communicate with the network devices via transmission resources (such as spectrum resources). This cell can be a macrocell, small cell, metro cell, microcell, pico cell, or femto cell, etc.

[0094] In some possible implementations, the network device described in the embodiments of this application may be a chip, chip module, device, unit, etc., and there are no specific limitations on it.

[0095] Network Topology 2: Network Devices intermediate nodes A-IoT devices, i.e., intermediate nodes, relay communication between network devices and A-IoT devices, such as... Figure 1B As shown. In other words, in "Network Topology 2", since network devices and A-IoT devices cannot communicate directly, intermediate nodes can relay the communication between network devices and A-IoT devices. Figure 1B This is a schematic diagram of another A-IoT connection topology provided in an embodiment of this application. It should be noted that... Figure 1B In this context, the transmission from network devices to A-IoT devices can be called "R2D" transmission, while the transmission from A-IoT devices to network devices can be called "D2R" transmission.

[0096] Specifically, the network device sends an A-IoT R2D signal to the intermediate node. The intermediate node then forwards the A-IoT R2D signal to the A-IoT device, or processes the A-IoT R2D signal before sending it to the A-IoT device. Correspondingly, the A-IoT device receives the A-IoT R2D signal. Optionally, the A-IoT device sends a corresponding response signal to the intermediate node (this response signal can be a backscattered signal). Optionally, the intermediate node forwards the response signal to the network device, or processes the response signal before sending it to the network device. The network device and the intermediate node can communicate via a Uu interface. Correspondingly, the A-IoT device sends an A-IoT D2R signal to the intermediate node. The intermediate node then forwards the A-IoT D2R signal to the network device, or processes the A-IoT D2R signal before sending it to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the A-IoT R2D signal. Optionally, the network device sends a corresponding response signal to the intermediate node. Optionally, the intermediate node forwards the response signal to the A-IoT device, or processes the response signal before sending it to the A-IoT device. Network devices and intermediate nodes can communicate via the Uu interface.

[0097] In some possible implementations, an intermediate node is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities, which can be a network device or a terminal device. For example, intermediate nodes can be eNBs, eNodeBs, gNodeBs, gNBs, multi-transmission receiving points (M-TRPs), base stations in subsequent evolution systems, access nodes in WLAN systems, mobile phones, terminals, remote UEs, relay UEs, cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), tablets, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless devices in industrial control, wireless devices in autonomous driving, wireless devices in remote medical care, wireless devices in smart grids, wireless devices in transportation safety, wireless devices in smart cities, and wireless devices in smart homes. Wireless devices in the home, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, or terminal devices in future evolved public land mobile networks (PLMNs), etc. For a description of network devices in network topology 2, please refer to the description of network devices in network topology 1; it will not be repeated here.

[0098] Network Topology 3: Network Devices auxiliary nodes A-IoT devices Network equipment. "Network Topology 3" can be divided into R2D-assisted network topology and D2R-assisted network topology.

[0099] In a network topology assisted by R2D, network devices cannot directly send A-IoT R2D signals to A-IoT devices. However, A-IoT devices can directly send A-IoT D2R signals to network devices and receive A-IoT R2D data / signals from the assisted node. Figure 1C As shown. Figure 1CThis is a schematic diagram of another A-IoT connection topology provided in an embodiment of this application. Specifically, the network device sends an A-IoT R2D signal to the auxiliary node; then, the auxiliary node can forward the A-IoT R2D signal to the A-IoT device, or process the A-IoT R2D signal before sending it to the A-IoT device. Correspondingly, the A-IoT device receives the A-IoT R2D signal from the auxiliary node. Optionally, the A-IoT device sends a corresponding response signal to the network device (this response signal can be a backscattered signal). The network device and the auxiliary node can communicate via a Uu interface.

[0100] In a D2R-assisted network topology, A-IoT devices cannot directly send A-IoT D2R signals to network devices. Instead, A-IoT devices can directly receive A-IoT R2D signals from network devices and then send A-IoT D2R signals to the auxiliary nodes. Figure 1D As shown. Figure 1D This is a schematic diagram of another A-IoT connection topology provided in this application embodiment. Specifically, the network device can send an A-IoT R2D signal to the A-IoT device. Correspondingly, the A-IoT device receives the A-IoT R2D signal sent by the network device. Optionally, the A-IoT device sends a corresponding response signal (which can be a backscattered signal) to the auxiliary node; the auxiliary node forwards the response signal to the network device. The network device and the auxiliary node can communicate via a Uu interface.

[0101] It should be noted that, in Figure 1D In this context, the transmission from network devices to A-IoT devices can be called "R2D" transmission, while the transmission from A-IoT devices to network devices can be called "D2R" transmission.

[0102] In some possible implementations, an auxiliary node is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities, which can be a network device or a terminal device. For example, an auxiliary node can be an eNB, eNodeB, gNodeB, gNB, M-TRP, base station in a future evolution system, access node in a WLAN system, mobile phone, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, VR terminal, AR terminal, wireless terminal in industrial control, vehicle terminal, wireless terminal in autonomous driving, wireless terminal in telemedicine, wireless terminal in smart grid, wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, wearable terminal, etc.

[0103] Network Topology 4: Terminal Devices A-IoT devices, also known as A-IoT devices, communicate directly and bidirectionally with terminal devices, such as... Figure 1EAs shown. The communication between the A-IoT device and the terminal device includes A-IoT signals. Specifically, the terminal device sends an A-IoT R2D signal to the A-IoT device; the A-IoT device receives the A-IoT R2D signal sent by the terminal device. Optionally, the A-IoT device sends a corresponding response signal to the terminal device. Correspondingly, the A-IoT device sends an A-IoT D2R signal to the terminal device; the terminal device receives the A-IoT D2R signal sent by the A-IoT device. Optionally, the terminal device sends a corresponding response signal to the A-IoT device (this response signal can be a backscattered signal).

[0104] It should be noted that, in Figure 1E In this context, the transmission from a terminal device to an A-IoT device can be called "R2D" transmission, while the transmission from an A-IoT device to a terminal device can be called "D2R" transmission.

[0105] In summary, an A-IoT system can include network nodes and A-IoT devices. Of course, an A-IoT system can also include intermediate nodes or auxiliary nodes. These intermediate or auxiliary nodes act as relays during transmission between network nodes and A-IoT devices. Network nodes can be network devices or terminal devices.

[0106] In this application, the first node can be a network node, an intermediate node, an auxiliary node, or a terminal device; this application does not impose any limitations.

[0107] 4. R2D / D2R transmission:

[0108] In this application embodiment, the signal transmission between the network node and the A-IoT device can be D2R transmission and / or R2D transmission for any network architecture, and this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0109] against Figure 1A The network architecture shown illustrates that R2D transmission refers to network nodes directly sending signals to A-IoT devices, and A-IoT devices directly receiving signals from network nodes. D2R transmission refers to A-IoT devices directly sending signals to network nodes, and network nodes directly receiving signals from A-IoT devices.

[0110] against Figure 1B The network architecture shown illustrates that R2D transmission refers to a network node sending a signal to an intermediate node, which then forwards the signal to the A-IoT device, and the A-IoT device receives the signal from the intermediate node. D2R transmission refers to an A-IoT device sending a signal to an intermediate node, which then forwards the signal to a network node, and the network node receives the signal from the intermediate node.

[0111] against Figure 1C The network architecture shown illustrates that R2D transmission refers to a network node sending a signal to an auxiliary node, which then forwards the signal to the A-IoT device, and the A-IoT device receives the signal from the auxiliary node. D2R transmission refers to an A-IoT device sending a signal to a network node, which then receives the signal from the A-IoT device.

[0112] against Figure 1D In the network architecture shown, R2D transmission refers to network nodes directly sending signals to A-IoT devices, and A-IoT devices directly receiving signals from network nodes. D2R transmission refers to A-IoT devices sending signals to auxiliary nodes, which forward the signals to network nodes, and the network nodes receiving signals from the auxiliary nodes.

[0113] against Figure 1E The network architecture shown illustrates that R2D transmission refers to the terminal device directly sending signals to the A-IoT device, and the A-IoT device directly receiving signals from the terminal device. D2R transmission refers to the A-IoT device directly sending signals to the terminal device, and the terminal device directly receiving signals from the A-IoT device.

[0114] In the above description, "direct" means that the signal transmission does not pass through auxiliary nodes or intermediate nodes. However, in actual transmission, it may need to pass through other devices, such as routers in the communication link.

[0115] 5. Sampling clock frequency offset (SFO):

[0116] In A-IoT systems, a mismatch in the crystal clock oscillation frequencies of the transceiver can lead to a frequency shift error (SFO). A unified system design is required for A-IoT device 1 and A-IoT device 2 (including A-IoT device 2a and A-IoT device 2b). To meet the low-power requirements of A-IoT device 1, complex active devices cannot be supported within it. Due to the lower capabilities of A-IoT devices and the simpler architecture of A-IoT systems, the SFO in A-IoT systems is often very large, such as 10 × ppm (parts per million), resulting in severe frequency offset and affecting data transmission. For example, X can be 4-5; taking X as 5, 105ppm = 10⁻¹, which translates to a 10μs time offset over 100μs.

[0117] 6. Types of A-IoT services:

[0118] 3GPP defines two types of A-IoT traffic: device-originated (DO) and device-terminated (DT). DO type traffic includes self-originated (DO-DOA) traffic and device-terminated (DO-DTT) traffic.

[0119] Due to the limited capabilities of A-IoT devices and the simple architecture of A-IoT systems, the Signal Length Occurrence (SFO) in A-IoT systems is often very large, such as 10 x ppm (parts per million), resulting in severe frequency offset and affecting data transmission. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate how to improve the accuracy and reliability of data transmission in A-IoT D2R signals when the SFO is large. This application provides a scheme for correcting the symbol length in A-IoT D2R signals, which can improve the accuracy and reliability of data transmission in A-IoT systems.

[0120] The communication method and apparatus provided in this application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is understood that this application uses a first node and a first A-IoT device as examples to illustrate the execution of this interaction, but this application does not limit the execution subject of the interaction. For example, the method executed by the first node in this application can also be implemented by a module (e.g., a circuit, chip, or chip system) in the first node, or by a logic node, logic module, or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the first node; similarly, the method executed by the first A-IoT device in this application can also be implemented by a communication module in the first A-IoT device or by a circuit or chip in the first A-IoT device responsible for communication functions.

[0121] The following describes the method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0122] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 The descriptions of the first node and the first A-IoT device involved can be found above and will not be elaborated upon here. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes:

[0123] 201. The first A-IoT device sends the first information to the first node.

[0124] Accordingly, the first node receives the first information from the first A-IoT device.

[0125] The first information is used by the first A-IoT device to request a first signal from the first node. Specifically, the first information is used to request a first signal from the first node, which can be either explicit or implicit. When the first information is used to explicitly request a first signal from the first node, it instructs the first A-IoT device to request the first node to send a first signal. When the first information is used to implicitly request a first signal from the first node, it can indicate any of the following: the first A-IoT device's transmission is not yet complete; the total amount of data the first A-IoT device needs to transmit; the amount of data the first A-IoT device has not yet transmitted; the total number of data packets the first A-IoT device needs to transmit; or the number of data packets the first A-IoT device has not yet transmitted.

[0126] against Figure 1A In the network architecture shown, the first node is a network node, and the first A-IoT device is an A-IoT device. R2D transmission refers to the first node directly sending A-IoT R2D signals to the first A-IoT device, and the first A-IoT device also directly receiving A-IoT R2D signals from the first node. Conversely, D2R transmission refers to the first A-IoT device directly sending A-IoT D2R signals to the first node, and the first node also directly receiving A-IoT D2R signals from the first A-IoT device.

[0127] against Figure 1B In the network architecture shown, the first node is a network node, and the first A-IoT device is an A-IoT device. R2D transmission refers to the first node sending R2D signals to intermediate nodes, the intermediate nodes forwarding the R2D signals to the first A-IoT device, and the first A-IoT device receiving the R2D signals from the intermediate nodes. Conversely, D2R transmission refers to the first A-IoT device sending D2R signals to intermediate nodes, the intermediate nodes forwarding the D2R signals to the first node, and the first node receiving the D2R signals from the intermediate nodes.

[0128] against Figure 1C In the network architecture shown, the first node is a network node, and the first A-IoT device is an A-IoT device. R2D transmission refers to the first node sending R2D signals to an auxiliary node, the auxiliary node forwarding the R2D signals to the first A-IoT device, and the first A-IoT device receiving R2D signals from the auxiliary node. Conversely, D2R transmission refers to the first A-IoT device sending D2R signals to the first node, and the first node receiving D2R signals from the first A-IoT device.

[0129] against Figure 1DIn the network architecture shown, the first node is a network node, and the first A-IoT device is an A-IoT device. R2D transmission refers to the first node directly sending R2D signals to the first A-IoT device, and the first A-IoT device also directly receiving R2D signals from the first node. Correspondingly, D2R transmission refers to the first A-IoT device sending D2R signals to an auxiliary node, the auxiliary node forwarding the D2R signals to the first node, and the first node receiving D2R signals from the auxiliary node.

[0130] against Figure 1E In the network architecture shown, the first node is the UE (User Equipment), and the first A-IoT device is the A-IoT device. R2D transmission refers to the first node directly sending R2D signals to the first A-IoT device, and the first A-IoT device also directly receiving R2D signals from the first node. Correspondingly, D2R transmission refers to the first A-IoT device directly sending D2R signals to the first node, and the first node also directly receiving D2R signals from the first A-IoT device.

[0131] 202. The first node sends a first signal to the first A-IoT device based on the first information.

[0132] Accordingly, the first A-IoT device receives the first signal from the first node.

[0133] The first signal is used to correct the symbol length in the signal sent by the first A-IoT device to the first node. Alternatively, the first signal is used to correct the lengths of the modulated and coded high and low levels in the signal sent by the first A-IoT device to the first node.

[0134] In one possible implementation, the first signal includes a preamble. In another possible implementation, the first signal includes both a preamble and a post-synchronization code; see [reference needed]. Figure 3A . Figure 3A This application provides an example of a frame structure for a first signal. The first signal can be a unicast signal or a broadcast signal.

[0135] In one possible implementation, the preamble includes a transmission start flag and a clock reference portion, wherein the clock reference portion is described in [reference needed]. Figure 3B . Figure 3B This is a schematic diagram illustrating the frame structure of the preamble in the first signal, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3BAs shown, the dashed box without dots represents the transmission start marker, while the dashed box with dots represents the clock reference portion. The clock reference portion includes the symbol lengths in the R2D and D2R signals; that is, the lengths of the modulated and coded high and low levels in the signal sent by the first A-IoT device to the first node can be referenced to the clock reference signal in the preamble. In one possible design, the clock reference portion only includes the symbol lengths in the D2R signal.

[0136] In one possible implementation, when the first information is used to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended, the first node sends a first signal to the first A-IoT device. As an example, the first information contains one bit; when the value of this one bit is a first value, the first information is used to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended. For example, the first value is 1 or 0. The one bit in the first information can be considered a flag bit; when the value of this flag bit is a first value, the first information is used to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended. In one possible implementation, the first information is carried in a third signal, which includes a preamble, PDRCH, a flag bit, and a post-synchronization code. See [reference needed]. Figure 4 The post-synchronization code is optional, and the third signal may also contain other fields, which are not limited in this application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of an A-IoT D2R signal provided in an embodiment of this application. In this implementation, the first information is used to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended, and it can implicitly request the first signal from the first node without needing to carry additional information to request the first signal from the first node.

[0137] In another possible implementation, when the first information is used to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended, the first node does not need to send a first signal to the first A-IoT device. As an example, the first information contains one bit; when this bit takes the value of a second value, the first information is used to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended. For example, the first value is 1 and the second value is 0. Or, for example, the first value is 0 and the second value is 1. The one bit in the first information can be considered a flag bit; when this flag bit takes the value of a second value, the first information is used to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended. In one possible implementation, the first information is carried in a third signal, which includes a preamble, PDRCH, a flag bit, and a post-synchronization code. See [reference needed]. Figure 4 The post-synchronization code is optional, and the third signal may also include other fields, which are not limited in this application. In this implementation, the first information is used to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended, and the first node does not need to send the first signal to the first A-IoT device, which can save signaling overhead.

[0138] In another possible implementation, when the first information is used to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended, the first node sends a first signal to the first A-IoT device. As an example, the first information contains n bits, where n is an integer greater than 1; when the value of the binary sequence represented by these n bits is the third value, the first information is used to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended. The value range of the binary sequence represented by these n bits is 0-(2n-1), and the third value can be any value from 0 to (2n-1), which is not limited in this application. For example, if n is 2, the value range of the binary sequence represented by 2 bits is 0-3, and the third value can be any value from 0 to 3. For example, if the third value is 3, the values ​​of the binary sequence represented by these 2 bits, excluding the third value, are 0-2. As another example, if n is 3, the value range of the binary sequence represented by 3 bits is 0-7, and the third value can be any value from 0 to 7. For example, if the third value is 7, the values ​​of the binary sequence represented by these 3 bits, excluding the third value, are 0-6. As one example, the first node and the first A-IoT device pre-define a third value. As another example, the first node and the first A-IoT device negotiate the third value interactively. As yet another example, the first node configures or indicates the third value to the first A-IoT device. In one possible implementation, the first information is carried in a third signal, which includes a preamble, PDRCH, flag bits, and a post-synchronization code; see [reference needed]. Figure 4 The PDRCH can carry business data and / or control information. The post-synchronization code is optional, and the third signal may also contain other fields; this application does not impose limitations. In this implementation, the first information is used to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended, and it can implicitly request the first signal from the first node without needing to carry additional information to request the first signal from the first node.

[0139] In another possible implementation, when the first information is used to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended, the first node does not need to send a first signal to the first A-IoT device. As an example, the first information contains n bits, where n is an integer greater than 1; the first information is used to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended when the binary sequence represented by these n bits takes any value other than the third value. The range of the binary sequence represented by these n bits is 0-(2n-1), and the third value can be any value from 0 to (2n-1), which is not limited in this application. For example, if n is 2, the range of the binary sequence represented by 2 bits is 0-3, and the third value can be any value from 0 to 3. For example, if the third value is 3, the values ​​of the binary sequence represented by these 2 bits, excluding the third value, are 0-2. For example, if n is 3, the binary sequence represented by 3 bits can range from 0 to 7. The third value can be any value from 0 to 7. For instance, if the third value is 7, the binary sequence represented by these 3 bits can have values ​​from 0 to 6, excluding the third value. As one example, the first node and the first A-IoT device predefine the third value. As another example, the first node and the first A-IoT device negotiate the third value interactively. As yet another example, the first node configures or indicates the third value to the first A-IoT device. In one possible implementation, the first information is carried in a third signal, which includes a preamble, PDRCH, flag bits, and a post-synchronization code. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 The post-synchronization code is optional, and the third signal may also include other fields, which are not limited in this application. In this implementation, the first information is used to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended, and the first node does not need to send the first signal to the first A-IoT device, which can save signaling overhead.

[0140] In another possible implementation, when the first information is used to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended, the first node sends a first signal to the first A-IoT device. In one possible implementation, the first A-IoT device sending the first information to the first node is: the first A-IoT device sends a second signal to the first node, and the first information is carried in the post-synchronization code contained in the second signal. As an example, when the code type of the post-synchronization code is a first code type, the first information is used by the first A-IoT device to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended. The first code type can be predetermined by the first node and the first A-IoT device, or it can be negotiated interactively by the first node and the first A-IoT device, or it can be configured or indicated by the first node to the first A-IoT device; no limitation is made here. The first code type can be any code type, and this application does not limit it. Figure 5A An example of a first code type provided for an embodiment of this application. Figure 5BThis is another example of a first code pattern provided in an embodiment of this application. The second signal may also include a preamble and a PDRCH, see [reference needed]. Figure 6 PDRCH can carry business data and / or control information. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another frame structure for an A-IoT D2R signal provided in an embodiment of this application. In this implementation, the post-synchronization code is reused to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended, eliminating the need to carry additional information to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended, which helps to save bit overhead.

[0141] In another possible implementation, when the first information is used to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended, the first node does not need to send a first signal to the first A-IoT device. In one possible implementation, the first A-IoT device sends the first information to the first node by sending a second signal, whereby the first information is carried in a post-synchronization code contained in the second signal. As an example, when the post-synchronization code has a second code type, the first information is used to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended. The second code type can be pre-defined by the first node and the first A-IoT device, negotiated interactively by the first node and the first A-IoT device, or configured or indicated by the first node to the first A-IoT device; no limitation is made here. The second code type can be any type, and this application does not limit it. For example, see [reference needed]. Figure 5A and Figure 5B , Figure 5A The first code type is shown. Figure 5B The second code type is shown. For example, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5A and Figure 5B , Figure 5A The second code pattern is shown. Figure 5B The first code pattern is shown. The second signal may also include a preamble and PDRCH; see [reference needed]. Figure 6 In this implementation, the post-synchronization code is reused to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended, eliminating the need to carry additional information to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended, which helps to save bit overhead.

[0142] In another possible implementation, when the first information is used by the first A-IoT device to request a first signal from the first node, the first node sends a first signal to the first A-IoT device. In one possible implementation, the first information contains one bit; when the value of this bit is a first value, the first information is used by the first A-IoT device to request the first node to send a first signal. For example, the first value is 1 or 0. The bit in the first information can be considered a flag bit; when the value of this flag bit is a first value, the first information is used by the first A-IoT device to request the first node to send a first signal. In one possible implementation, the first information is carried in a third signal, which includes a preamble, PDRCH, a flag bit, and a post-synchronization code. See [reference needed]. Figure 4 The post-synchronization code is optional, and the third signal may also contain other fields, which are not limited in this application. In this implementation, the first node can be requested to send the first signal with less bit overhead.

[0143] In another possible implementation, when the first information is used to indicate that the first node does not need to send the first signal, the first node does not need to send the first signal to the first A-IoT device. In one possible implementation, the first information contains one bit; when the value of this bit is a second value, the first information is used to indicate that the first node does not need to send the first signal. For example, the first value is 1 and the second value is 0. Or, for example, the first value is 0 and the second value is 1. The bit in the first information can be considered a flag bit; when the flag bit is a second value, the first information is used to indicate that the first node does not need to send the first signal. In one possible implementation, the first information is carried in a third signal, which includes a preamble, PDRCH, a flag bit, and a post-synchronization code. See [reference needed]. Figure 4 The post-synchronization code is optional, and the third signal may also contain other fields, which are not limited in this application. In this implementation, when the first information is used to indicate that the first node does not need to send the first signal, the first node does not need to send the first signal to the first A-IoT device, which can save signaling overhead.

[0144] In another possible implementation, when the first information is used by the first A-IoT device to request a first signal from the first node, the first node sends a first signal to the first A-IoT device. In one possible implementation, the first information contains m bits, where m is an integer greater than 1; when the value of the binary sequence represented by these m bits is the fourth value, the first information is used by the first A-IoT device to request a first signal from the first node. The value range of the binary sequence represented by these m bits is 0-(2^m-1), and the fourth value can be any value from 0 to (2^m-1), which is not limited in this application. For example, if m is 2, the value range of the binary sequence represented by 2 bits is 0-3, and the fourth value can be any value from 0 to 3. For example, if the fourth value is 3, the values ​​of the binary sequence represented by these 2 bits, excluding the fourth value, are 0-2. For example, if m is 3, the binary sequence represented by 3 bits can range from 0 to 7. The fourth value can be any value from 0 to 7. For instance, if the fourth value is 7, the binary sequence represented by these 3 bits can have values ​​from 0 to 6, excluding the fourth value. As one example, the first node and the first A-IoT device predefine the fourth value. As another example, the first node and the first A-IoT device negotiate the fourth value interactively. As yet another example, the first node configures or indicates the fourth value to the first A-IoT device. In one possible implementation, the first information is carried in a third signal, which includes a preamble, PDRCH, flag bits, and a post-synchronization code. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 The post-synchronization code is optional, and the third signal may also contain other fields, which are not limited in this application. In this implementation, the first information is used by the first A-IoT device to request the first signal from the first node, and the first node sends the first signal.

[0145] In another possible implementation, when the first information is used to indicate that the first node does not need to send the first signal, the first node does not need to send the first signal to the first A-IoT device. In one possible implementation, the first information contains m bits, where m is an integer greater than 1; when the value of the binary sequence represented by these m bits is any value other than the fourth value, the first information is used to indicate that the first node does not need to send the first signal. The value range of the binary sequence represented by these m bits is 0-(2^m-1), and the fourth value can be any value from 0 to (2^m-1), which is not limited in this application. For example, if m is 2, the value range of the binary sequence represented by 2 bits is 0-3, and the fourth value can be any value from 0 to 3. For example, if the fourth value is 3, the values ​​of the binary sequence represented by these 2 bits, excluding the fourth value, are 0-2. For example, if m is 3, the binary sequence represented by 3 bits can range from 0 to 7. The fourth value can be any value from 0 to 7. For instance, if the fourth value is 7, the binary sequence represented by these 3 bits can have values ​​from 0 to 6, excluding the fourth value. As one example, the first node and the first A-IoT device predefine the fourth value. As another example, the first node and the first A-IoT device negotiate the fourth value interactively. As yet another example, the first node configures or indicates the fourth value to the first A-IoT device. In one possible implementation, the first information is carried in a third signal, which includes a preamble, PDRCH, flag bits, and a post-synchronization code. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 The post-synchronization code is optional, and the third signal may also contain other fields, which are not limited in this application. In this implementation, the first information is used to indicate that the first node does not need to send the first signal, and the first node does not need to send the first signal to the first A-IoT device; this can save signaling overhead.

[0146] In another possible implementation, when the first information is used by the first A-IoT device to request a first signal from the first node, the first node sends a first signal to the first A-IoT device. In one possible implementation, the first A-IoT device sending the first information to the first node involves the first A-IoT device sending a second signal to the first node, with the first information carried in a post-synchronization code contained in the second signal. As an example, when the post-synchronization code has a third code type, the first information is used by the first A-IoT device to request a first signal from the first node. The third code type can be pre-defined by the first node and the first A-IoT device, negotiated interactively by the first node and the first A-IoT device, or configured or instructed by the first node to the first A-IoT device; no limitation is made here. The third code type can be any code type, and this application does not limit it. See also Figure 5A and Figure 5B , Figure 5A The third code type is shown, or, Figure 5B The third code pattern is shown. The second signal may also include a preamble and PDRCH; see [link / reference]. Figure 6 In this implementation, the post-synchronization code is reused to request the first node to send the first signal, eliminating the need to carry additional information to request the first node to send the first signal, which helps save bit overhead.

[0147] In another possible implementation, when the first information is used to indicate that the first node does not need to send the first signal, the first node does not need to send the first signal to the first A-IoT device. In one possible implementation, the first A-IoT device sends the first information to the first node by sending a second signal, with the first information carried in the post-synchronization code contained in the second signal. As an example, when the post-synchronization code has a fourth code type, the first information is used to indicate that the first node does not need to send the first signal. The fourth code type can be pre-defined by the first node and the first A-IoT device, or it can be negotiated interactively between the first node and the first A-IoT device, or it can be configured or indicated by the first node to the first A-IoT device; no limitation is made here. The fourth code type can be any code type, and this application does not limit it. For example, see [reference needed]. Figure 5A and Figure 5B , Figure 5A This shows the representation of the third code type, or, Figure 5B The fourth code type is shown. For example, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5A and Figure 5B , Figure 5B The fourth code type is shown, or, Figure 5A The diagram illustrates the third code pattern. The second signal may also include a preamble and PDRCH; see [link / reference]. Figure 6 PDRCH can carry business data and / or control information. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another frame structure for an A-IoT D2R signal provided in an embodiment of this application. In this implementation, the post-synchronization code is multiplexed to indicate that the first node does not need to send the first signal, and no additional information is needed to indicate that the first node does not need to send the first signal, which helps to save bit overhead and signaling overhead.

[0148] In another possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate the total amount of data that the first A-IoT device needs to transmit; the first node, based on the first information, determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended, and then sends a first signal to the first A-IoT device. In another possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate the total amount of data that the first A-IoT device needs to transmit, wherein the first information is carried on a third signal sent by the first A-IoT device to the first node; the first node determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended when the sum of the amount of data received from the first A-IoT device and the amount of data carried by the third signal is less than the total amount of data; wherein the first node can record and update the amount of data received from the first A-IoT device. As an example, the first information indicates that the total amount of data that the first A-IoT device needs to transmit is 1000 bits, the amount of data that the first node has received from the first A-IoT device is 600 bits, and the amount of data carried by the third signal is 200 bits. When the sum of the amount of data received from the first A-IoT device (i.e., 600 bits) and the amount of data carried by the third signal (200 bits) (i.e., 800 bits) is less than the total amount of data (i.e., 1000 bits), the first node determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended.

[0149] In another possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate the total amount of data that the first A-IoT device needs to transmit; if the first node determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended based on the first information, it does not need to send a first signal to the first A-IoT device. In another possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate the total amount of data that the first A-IoT device needs to transmit, wherein the first information is carried on a third signal sent by the first A-IoT device to the first node; the first node determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended when the sum of the amount of data received from the first A-IoT device and the amount of data carried by the third signal equals the total amount of data; wherein the first node can record and update the amount of data received from the first A-IoT device. As an example, the first information indicates that the total amount of data that the first A-IoT device needs to transmit is 1000 bits, the amount of data that the first node has received from the first A-IoT device is 600 bits, and the amount of data carried by the third signal is 400 bits. When the sum of the amount of data received from the first A-IoT device (i.e., 600 bits) and the amount of data carried by the third signal (400 bits) (i.e., 1000 bits) equals the total amount of data (i.e., 1000 bits), the first node determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended.

[0150] In another possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate the amount of data that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted; the first node, based on the first information, determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended, and then sends a first signal to the first A-IoT device. In another possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate the amount of data that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted, wherein the first information is carried on a third signal sent by the first A-IoT device to the first node; the first node determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended when the amount of data carried by the third signal is less than the amount of data that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted as indicated by the first information. As an example, the first information indicates that the amount of data that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted is 600 bits, and the amount of data carried by the third signal is 400 bits; the first node determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended when the amount of data carried by the third signal (i.e., 400 bits) is less than the amount of data that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted as indicated by the first information (i.e., 600 bits).

[0151] In another possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate the amount of data that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted. If the first node determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended based on the first information, it does not need to send a first signal to the first A-IoT device. In another possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate the amount of data that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted, wherein the first information is carried on a third signal sent by the first A-IoT device to the first node. The first node determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended when the amount of data carried by the third signal is equal to the amount of data that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted as indicated by the first information. As an example, the first information indicates that the amount of data that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted is 400 bits, and the amount of data carried by the third signal is 400 bits. The first node determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended when the amount of data carried by the third signal (i.e., 400 bits) is equal to the amount of data that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted as indicated by the first information (i.e., 400 bits).

[0152] In another possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate the total number of data packets that the first A-IoT device needs to transmit; the first node, based on the first information, determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended, and then sends a first signal to the first A-IoT device. In another possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate the total number of data packets that the first A-IoT device needs to transmit, wherein the first information is carried on a third signal sent by the first A-IoT device to the first node; the first node determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended when the sum of the number of data packets received from the first A-IoT device and the number of data packets carried by the third signal is less than the total number of data packets; wherein the first node can record and update the number of data packets received from the first A-IoT device. As an example, the first information indicates that the first A-IoT device needs to transmit a total of 10 data packets, the third signal carries 4 data packets, and the first node has received 4 data packets from the first A-IoT device. When the sum of the number of data packets received by the first node from the first A-IoT device (i.e., 4) and the number of data packets carried by the third signal (i.e., 4) is less than the total number of data packets (i.e., 10), it is determined that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended.

[0153] In another possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate the total number of data packets that the first A-IoT device needs to transmit; if the first node determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended based on the first information, it does not need to send a first signal to the first A-IoT device. In another possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate the total number of data packets that the first A-IoT device needs to transmit, wherein the first information is carried on a third signal sent by the first A-IoT device to the first node; the first node determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended when the sum of the number of data packets received from the first A-IoT device and the number of data packets carried by the third signal equals the total number of data packets; wherein the first node can record and update the number of data packets received from the first A-IoT device. As an example, the first information indicates that the first A-IoT device needs to transmit a total of 10 data packets, the third signal carries 4 data packets, and the first node has received 6 data packets from the first A-IoT device. When the sum of the number of data packets received by the first node from the first A-IoT device (i.e., 6) and the number of data packets carried by the third signal (i.e., 4) equals the total number of data packets (i.e., 10), it is determined that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended.

[0154] In another possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate the number of data packets that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted; the first node, based on the first information, determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended, and then sends a first signal to the first A-IoT device. In another possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate the number of data packets that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted, wherein the first information is carried on a third signal sent by the first A-IoT device to the first node; the first node determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended when the number of data packets carried by the third signal is less than the number of data packets that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted as indicated by the first information. As an example, the first information indicates that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted 6 data packets, and the third signal carries 4 data packets; the first node determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended when the number of data packets carried by the third signal (i.e., 4) is less than the number of data packets that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted as indicated by the first information (i.e., 6).

[0155] In another possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate the number of data packets that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted. If the first node determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended based on the first information, it does not need to send a first signal to the first A-IoT device. In another possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate the number of data packets that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted, wherein the first information is carried on a third signal sent by the first A-IoT device to the first node. The first node determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended when the number of data packets carried by the third signal is equal to the number of data packets that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted as indicated by the first information. As an example, the first information indicates that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted 4 data packets, and the third signal carries 4 data packets. The first node determines that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has ended when the number of data packets carried by the third signal (i.e., 4) is equal to the number of data packets that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted as indicated by the first information (i.e., 4).

[0156] 203. The first A-IoT device corrects the symbol length in the signal sent to the first node based on the first signal.

[0157] In an A-IoT system, due to the presence of SFO (Signal Forward Error), the symbol length in the signal sent by the first A-IoT device to the first node will be offset, such as... Figure 7 As shown. Figure 7 A comparative diagram illustrating the symbol lengths in the signals transmitted by the first node provided in this application. (See attached diagram.) Figure 7As shown, 701 represents the length of the symbol that has not been offset in the signal sent by the first A-IoT device to the first node, and 702 represents the length of the symbol that has been offset in the signal sent by the first A-IoT device to the first node.

[0158] In one possible implementation, the preamble in the first information includes a transmission start flag and a clock reference portion, wherein the clock reference portion is described in [reference needed]. Figure 3B The clock reference portion includes the symbol length in the signal that the first A-IoT device needs to send to the first node; the first A-IoT device corrects the symbol length in the signal sent to the first node according to the symbol length included in the clock reference portion. As an example, the first A-IoT device corrects the symbol length in the signal sent to the first node to be the same as the symbol length in the signal that the first A-IoT device needs to send to the first node included in the clock reference portion.

[0159] 204. The first A-IoT device sends the corrected A-IoT D2R signal to the first node.

[0160] Correspondingly, the first node receives the corrected A-IoT D2R signal from the first A-IoT device.

[0161] In one possible implementation, Figure 2 The method further includes: when the first A-IoT device meets the second condition and has a need to perform the DO-A service, the first A-IoT device performs the DO-A service; the second condition is that the first A-IoT device receives the first signal. For the DO-A service, the first A-IoT device receiving the first signal is a prerequisite for performing the DO-A service.

[0162] In this embodiment, the first A-IoT device corrects the symbol length in the signal sent to the first node based on the first signal, which can improve the accuracy and reliability of data transmission in the A-IoT system.

[0163] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 process and Figure 2 Compared to the previous process, in this case, the first A-IoT device receives the first signal after every k data transmissions. For example... Figure 8 As shown, the method includes:

[0164] 801. The first A-IoT device transmits data to the first node k times.

[0165] The k data transmissions from the first A-IoT device to the first node can be k data transmissions sequentially from the first A-IoT device to the first node in time; wherein, the k data transmissions are in chronological order as: first data transmission, second data transmission, third data transmission, ..., kth data transmission. k is an integer greater than 0. One data transmission refers to completing one transmission service, or it can refer to the first A-IoT device sending one A-IoT D2R signal, which is not limited in this application. The following description takes sending one A-IoT D2R signal as an example of one data transmission. In one possible implementation, the k data transmissions are k D2R transmissions, see [reference]. Figure 9A . Figure 9A This is a schematic diagram illustrating k data transmissions from a first A-IoT device to a first node, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9A As shown, the first A-IoT device performed the first data transmission, the second data transmission, the third data transmission, ..., the kth data transmission to the first node in chronological order, for a total of k data transmissions.

[0166] In one possible implementation, the A-IoT D2R signal sent by the first A-IoT device to the first node in each data transmission includes the first information. As an example, k is 1, and the A-IoT D2R signal sent by the first A-IoT device in a single data transmission to the first node includes the first information. As another example, k is 3, and the first A-IoT device performs three data transmissions to the first node, wherein the A-IoT D2R signal sent in each of these three data transmissions includes the first information. For a description of the first A-IoT device sending the first information to the first node, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 The description of the first piece of information will not be repeated here.

[0167] In another possible implementation, in the k data transmissions performed by the first A-IoT device to the first node, at least one of the data transmissions sends an A-IoT D2R signal containing the first information. As an example, in the k data transmissions performed by the first A-IoT device to the first node, the A-IoT D2R signal sent in the kth data transmission contains the first information.

[0168] 802. Every k data transmissions performed by the first node, a first signal is sent to the first A-IoT device.

[0169] k is determined by any of the following: k is determined by the first node; or k is indicated by the first A-IoT device; or k is predefined by the protocol. As an example, k is determined by the first node, which sends information indicating k to the first A-IoT device. As another example, k is determined by the first A-IoT device, which sends information indicating k to the first node.

[0170] In one possible implementation, the A-IoT D2R signal sent by the first A-IoT device to the first node in each data transmission includes first information; the first node records the number of data transmissions from the first A-IoT device to the first node using a counter; the initial count value of the counter is 0, and the count value of the counter is incremented by one each time a data transmission from the first A-IoT device is received; when the count value of the counter is k, the first node sends a first signal to the first A-IoT device according to the first information and adjusts the count value of the counter to 0.

[0171] In another possible implementation, in the k data transmissions from the first A-IoT device to the first node, at least one of the data transmissions sends an A-IoT D2R signal containing first information; the first node records the number of data transmissions from the first A-IoT device to the first node using a counter; the initial count value of the counter is 0, and the count value of the counter is incremented by one each time a data transmission from the first A-IoT device is received; when the count value of the counter is k, the first node sends a first signal to the first A-IoT device according to the first information and adjusts the count value of the counter to 0.

[0172] In another possible implementation: the first node records the number of times the first A-IoT device transmits data to the first node using a counter; the initial count value of the counter is 0, and the count value of the counter is incremented by one each time the first A-IoT device transmits data; when the count value of the counter is k, the first node sends a first signal to the first A-IoT device and adjusts the count value of the counter to 0.

[0173] Steps 801 and 802 can cause the first A-IoT device to receive the first signal every k data transmissions. Alternatively, steps 801 and 802 can cause the first node to send the first signal to the first A-IoT device every k data transmissions from the first A-IoT device to the first node. Figure 9B This application provides an embodiment of the interaction between a first node and a first A-IoT device. For example... Figure 9BAs shown, every k data transmissions received from the first A-IoT device, the first node sends a first signal to the first A-IoT device. It should be noted that after sending the first signal, the first node needs to re-record the number of data transmissions from the first A-IoT device to the first node; that is, the data transmissions from the first A-IoT device to the first node are sequentially recorded from the first data transmission to the kth data transmission.

[0174] 803. The first A-IoT device corrects the symbol length in the signal sent to the first node based on the first signal.

[0175] 804. The first A-IoT device sends the corrected A-IoT D2R signal to the first node.

[0176] Correspondingly, the first node receives the corrected A-IoT D2R signal from the first A-IoT device.

[0177] In this embodiment, the first A-IoT device corrects the symbol length in the signal sent to the first node based on the first signal, which can improve the accuracy and reliability of data transmission in the A-IoT system.

[0178] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 An example is described where the first node sends a first signal during a random A-IoT access. For example... Figure 10 As shown, the method includes:

[0179] 1001. The first A-IoT device sends the first message to the first node.

[0180] Accordingly, the first node receives a first message from the first A-IoT device. This first message contains an identifier (ID). This ID is a random ID generated by the first A-IoT device. For example, the ID is a 16-bit random number randomly generated by the first A-IoT device, such as RN16. Alternatively, the ID may be generated based on the ID of the first A-IoT device.

[0181] 1002. The first node sends a second message to the first A-IoT device.

[0182] Accordingly, the first A-IoT device receives a second message from the first node. The second message contains an ACK response to the first message, and possibly also includes the aforementioned ID. The ACK response contains an RN16 indicating that the first node successfully received the first A-IoT device's device ID without a collision, in order to obtain the device ID of the first A-IoT device.

[0183] 1003. The first node sends the first signal.

[0184] Accordingly, the first A-IoT device receives the first signal sent by the first node. Step 1003 is optional. In one possible implementation, the first signal is carried in a second message.

[0185] 1004. When the amount of data to be sent exceeds a first threshold, the first A-IoT device splits the information to be sent into multiple segments for transmission.

[0186] The information to be transmitted by the first A-IoT device can be the ID of the first A-IoT device and / or any other upper-layer data (depending on the upper-layer request). The first threshold can be set according to actual needs and is not limited here. For example, the first threshold can be 500 bits, 1 kbits, 2 kbits, 5 kbits, etc. In one possible implementation, the first A-IoT device splits the information to be transmitted into multiple segments carrying the same amount of data.

[0187] The technical objective of step 1004 is to break down the transmission of a large data packet (data volume greater than the first threshold) into multiple transmission segments. Figure 11 This illustrates an example of splitting the transmission of a large data packet into multiple smaller data packets. For example... Figure 11 As shown, 1101 represents the transmission of a large data packet, and 1102 represents the transmission of multiple smaller data packets obtained by splitting the transmission of a large data packet. Before transmitting each segment to the first node, the first A-IoT device can correct the symbol length in the signal to be transmitted based on the first signal.

[0188] The embodiments of this application do not limit the operations performed by the first node after receiving multiple transmissions from the first A-IoT device.

[0189] In this embodiment, the first A-IoT device breaks down the transmission of a large data packet (data volume greater than a first threshold) into multiple segments based on a first signal, and corrects the symbol length in the signal to be transmitted based on the first signal before transmitting each segment to the first node, which can improve the accuracy and reliability of data transmission in the A-IoT system.

[0190] The structure of a communication device that can implement the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Only a brief description of the communication device is given below; for details of the implementation, please refer to the description of the method embodiments above, which will not be repeated hereafter.

[0191] Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of a communication device 1200 provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device 1200 can correspondingly implement the functions or steps implemented by the first node in the above-described method embodiments, and can also correspondingly implement the functions or steps implemented by the first A-IoT device in the above-described method embodiments. The communication device may include a processing module 1210 and a transceiver module 1220. In one possible implementation, a storage unit may also be included, which can be used to store instructions (code or program) and / or data. The processing module 1210 and the transceiver module 1220 can be coupled to the storage unit. For example, the processing module 1210 can read the instructions (code or program) and / or data in the storage unit to implement the corresponding method. The above-described units can be set independently, or partially or completely integrated. For example, the transceiver module 1220 may include a transmitting module and a receiving module. The transmitting module can be a transmitter, and the receiving module can be a receiver. The entity corresponding to the transceiver module 1220 can be a transceiver circuit, such as a transceiver or a communication interface.

[0192] In some possible implementations, the communication device 1200 can correspondingly implement the behavior and functions of the first node in the above method embodiments. For example, the communication device 1200 can be the first node, or it can be a component (e.g., a chip or circuit) applied in the first node. The transceiver module 1220 can, for example, be used to perform... Figure 2 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 In this embodiment, all receive or send operations are performed by the first node. The processing module 1210 may, for example, be used to perform... Figure 2 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 In the embodiment, all operations performed by the first node except for sending and receiving operations are executed.

[0193] In some possible implementations, the communication device 1200 can correspondingly implement the behavior and functions of the first A-IoT device in the above method embodiments. For example, the communication device 1200 can be the first A-IoT device, or it can be a component (e.g., a chip or circuit) applied in the first A-IoT device. The transceiver module 1220 can, for example, be used to perform... Figure 2 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 In this embodiment, all receive or transmit operations are performed by the first A-IoT device. The processing module 1210 may, for example, be used to perform... Figure 2 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 In the embodiment, all operations except for the transmit and receive operations are performed by the first A-IoT device.

[0194] This application also provides an apparatus 1300, which may be a network device (e.g., a base station) or a terminal device, or a chip. The apparatus 1300 can be used to perform the above-described actions. Figure 2 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 The operation performed by the first node in the illustrated embodiment.

[0195] When device 1300 is a network device, such as a base station. Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device is shown. The device 1300 includes part 1310, part 1320 and part 1330.

[0196] The 1310 section is mainly used for baseband processing and controlling the base station; the 1310 section is usually the control center of the base station, which can be called the processor, and is used to control the base station to perform the processing operations of the first node in the above method embodiment.

[0197] Section 1320 is primarily used to store computer program code and data.

[0198] Section 1330 is primarily used for transmitting and receiving radio frequency (RF) signals, as well as converting RF signals to baseband signals. Section 1330 is commonly referred to as a transceiver module, transceiver, transceiver circuit, or transceiver unit. The transceiver module of section 1330, also known as a transceiver or transceiver unit, includes antenna 1360 and RF circuitry (not shown in the figure), where the RF circuitry is mainly used for RF processing. Optionally, the device in section 1330 that performs the receiving function can be considered a receiver, and the device that performs the transmitting function can be considered a transmitter; that is, section 1330 includes transmitter 1340 and receiver 1350. The receiver can also be called a receiving module, receiver circuit, or receiving circuit, and the transmitter can be called a transmitting module, transmitter, or transmitting circuit.

[0199] Sections 1310 and 1320 may include one or more circuit boards, each of which may include one or more processors and one or more memories. The processors are used to read and execute programs from the memories to implement baseband processing functions and control the base station. If multiple circuit boards exist, they can be interconnected to enhance processing capabilities. As an alternative implementation, multiple circuit boards may share one or more processors, multiple circuit boards may share one or more memories, or multiple circuit boards may simultaneously share one or more processors.

[0200] For example, in one implementation, the transceiver module of part 1330 is used to perform... Figure 2 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 The transmit / receive related processes are executed by the first node in the illustrated embodiment. The processor in section 1310 is used to execute... Figure 2, Figure 8 , Figure 10 The process related to the processing performed by the first node in the illustrated embodiment.

[0201] It should be understood that Figure 13 This is for illustrative purposes only and not as a limitation. The network devices mentioned above, including processors, memory, and transceivers, may be independent of... Figure 13 The structure shown.

[0202] When device 1300 is a chip, the chip includes a transceiver, a memory, and a processor. The transceiver can be an input / output circuit or a communication interface; the processor can be a processor integrated on the chip, a microprocessor, or an integrated circuit. In the above method embodiments, the transmitting operation of the first node can be understood as the chip's output, and the receiving operation of the first node in the above method embodiments can be understood as the chip's input.

[0203] This application also provides an apparatus 1400, which may be a terminal device, a processor in the terminal device, or a chip. The apparatus 1400 can be used to perform the operations performed by the first A-IoT device in the above method embodiments.

[0204] When device 1400 is a terminal device Figure 14 A schematic diagram of another device is shown. (For example...) Figure 14 As shown, the terminal device includes a processor, memory, and a transceiver. The memory can store computer program code, and the transceiver includes a transmitter 1440, a receiver 1450, radio frequency circuitry (not shown), an antenna 1460, and input / output devices (not shown). Figure 14 As shown, the terminal device includes a processor 1410, a memory 1420, and a transceiver 1430. The processor 1410 may also be referred to as a processing unit, processing board, processing module, or processing device, etc. The transceiver 1430 may also be referred to as a transceiver unit, transceiver, or transceiver device, etc.

[0205] Optionally, the device in transceiver 1430 used to implement the receiving function can be considered a receiving module, and the device in transceiver 1430 used to implement the transmitting function can be considered a transmitting module. That is, transceiver 1430 includes a receiver and a transmitter. A transceiver may also be called a transceiver unit, transceiver module, or transceiver circuit, etc. A receiver may also be called a receiver unit, receiving module, or receiving circuit, etc. A transmitter may also be called a transmitter, transmitting module, or transmitting circuit, etc.

[0206] The processor is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data; control terminal devices; execute software programs; and process data from software programs.

[0207] Memory is mainly used to store software programs and data.

[0208] Radio frequency (RF) circuits are mainly used for the conversion between baseband signals and RF signals, as well as for the processing of RF signals.

[0209] Antennas are primarily used for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves.

[0210] Input / output devices can include touchscreens, displays, or keyboards. They are primarily used to receive user input and output data to the user. It should be noted that some types of terminal devices may not have input / output devices.

[0211] When data needs to be transmitted, the processor performs baseband processing on the data to be transmitted and outputs a baseband signal to the radio frequency (RF) circuit. The RF circuit then processes the baseband signal and transmits it outwards as electromagnetic waves via an antenna. When data is sent to the terminal device, the RF circuit receives the RF signal through the antenna. The RF circuit converts the RF signal back into a baseband signal and outputs it to the processor. The processor converts the baseband signal back into data and processes that data. For ease of explanation, Figure 14 Only one memory, processor, and transceiver are shown in the illustration. In actual terminal devices, there may be one or more processors and one or more memories. Memory may also be referred to as storage medium or storage device, etc. Memory may be set up independently of the processor or integrated with the processor; this application does not limit this.

[0212] In this embodiment, the antenna and radio frequency circuit with transceiver function can be regarded as the transceiver module of the terminal device, and the processor with processing function can be regarded as the processing module of the terminal device.

[0213] In one possible implementation, processor 1410 is used to perform the above... Figure 2 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 The illustrated embodiment shows the processing actions of the first A-IoT device. Transceiver 1430 is used to perform the above-described actions. Figure 2 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 The transmitting and receiving operations of the first A-IoT device in the illustrated embodiment.

[0214] It should be understood that Figure 14 This is merely an example and not a limitation; the terminal device described above, which includes a transceiver module and a processing module, may not rely on... Figure 14 The structure shown.

[0215] When the device 1400 is a chip, the chip includes a processor, a memory, and a transceiver. The transceiver can be an input / output circuit or a communication interface. The processor can be a processing module integrated on the chip, a microprocessor, or an integrated circuit. In the above method embodiments, the transmitting operation of the first A-IoT device can be understood as the chip's output, and the receiving operation of the first A-IoT device in the above method embodiments can be understood as the chip's input.

[0216] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the methods of the above embodiments. For example, when the computer program is executed by the computer, it enables the computer to implement the methods performed by the first node or the first A-IoT device in the above method embodiments.

[0217] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program or instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the methods in the above embodiments to be executed.

[0218] This application also provides a communication system, including the first node and the first A-IoT device described above.

[0219] This application also provides a chip, which includes: a communication interface and a processor; the communication interface is used for signal transmission and reception of the chip; the processor is used to execute computer programs or instructions, causing a first node or a first A-IoT device including the chip to perform the methods as described in the above embodiments.

[0220] This application also provides a chip device, including a processor, for calling a computer program or computer instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor executes the method provided in the embodiments shown in the first node or first A-IoT device above.

[0221] Optionally, the processor is coupled to the memory via an interface.

[0222] Optionally, the chip device may also include a memory in which computer programs or computer instructions are stored.

[0223] The processor mentioned above can be a general-purpose central processing unit, a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of a program that controls the method provided in any of the embodiments shown in the terminal device described above. The memory mentioned above can be read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices capable of storing static information and instructions, such as random access memory (RAM).

[0224] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the explanations and beneficial effects of the relevant contents in any of the above-mentioned devices can be referred to the corresponding method embodiments provided above, and will not be repeated here.

[0225] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of the units described above is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units through some interfaces, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0226] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0227] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0228] If the integrated units described above are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the essential contribution of the technical solution of this application, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several computer programs or instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0229] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0230] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. The aforementioned computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the aforementioned computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are performed, in whole or in part. The aforementioned computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user equipment, or other programmable device. The aforementioned computer program or instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the aforementioned computer program or instructions can be transferred from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired or wireless means. The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center integrating one or more available media. The aforementioned available medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape; it can also be an optical medium, such as a digital video optical disc; or it can be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state drive. The computer-readable storage medium may be a volatile or non-volatile storage medium, or may include both types of storage media.

[0231] In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, include: Send first information to the first node, the first information being used by the first environmental Internet of Things (A-IoT) device to request a first signal from the first node; Receive the first signal from the first node; Based on the first signal, the symbol length in the signal sent to the first node is corrected.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first information is used to indicate any of the following: the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended; the total amount of data that the first A-IoT device needs to transmit; the amount of data that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted; the total number of data packets that the first A-IoT device needs to transmit; and the number of data packets that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Send the first message to the first node, including: A second signal is sent to the first node, wherein the first information is carried in the post-synchronization code contained in the second signal.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first information contains one bit. When the value of the one bit is a first value, the first information is used by the A-IoT device to request the first signal from the first node, or the first information is used to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Receiving the first signal from the first node includes: For every k data transmissions, the first A-IoT device receives the first signal, where k is an integer greater than 0; the k is determined by any of the following: The k is indicated by the first node; or, The k is determined by the first A-IoT device; or, The k is predefined in the protocol.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The k data transmissions are transmissions from the first A-IoT device to the first node.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: The execution device actively initiates the transmission of DO-A services.

8. A communication method, characterized in that, include: Receive first information from a first environment IoT A-IoT device, the first information being used by the first A-IoT device to request a first signal from a first node, the first signal being used to correct the symbol length in the signal sent by the first A-IoT device to the first node; Based on the first information, the first signal is sent to the first A-IoT device.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first information is used to indicate any of the following: the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended; the total amount of data that the first A-IoT device needs to transmit; the amount of data that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted; the total number of data packets that the first A-IoT device needs to transmit; and the number of data packets that the first A-IoT device has not transmitted.

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, Receive first information from the first environment's A-IoT device, including: The system receives a second signal from the first A-IoT device, wherein the first information is carried in the post-synchronization code contained in the second signal.

11. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first information contains one bit. When the value of the one bit is a first value, the first information is used by the A-IoT device to request the first signal from the first node, or the first information is used to indicate that the transmission of the first A-IoT device has not ended.

12. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that, Based on the first information, sending the first signal to the first A-IoT device includes: For every k data transmissions, the first signal is sent to the first A-IoT device based on the first information, where k is an integer greater than 0; the k is determined by any of the following: The k is determined by the first node; or, The k is indicated by the first A-IoT device; or, The k is predefined in the protocol.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The k data transmissions are transmissions from the first A-IoT device to the first node.

14. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes units for implementing the method of any one of claims 1-7, or includes units for implementing the method of any one of claims 8-13.

15. A communication device, characterized in that, Including the processor; The processor is configured to implement the method of any one of claims 1-7, or to implement the method of any one of claims 8-13.

16. A chip, characterized in that, The chip is used to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-7, or to perform the method according to any one of claims 8-13.

17. A chip module, characterized in that, The chip module includes a communication interface and a chip, wherein: the communication interface is used for internal communication within the chip module, or for communication between the chip module and an external device; the chip is used to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-7, or to perform the method according to any one of claims 8-13.

18. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, the computer program including program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, cause the method of any one of claims 1-7 to be performed, or cause the method of any one of claims 8-13 to be performed.

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