Quick-braking two-wheeled vehicle and electronic mechanical braking system thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a quick-braking two-wheeled vehicle and an electronic mechanical braking system thereof, and belongs to the two-wheeled vehicle braking technology, the quick-braking two-wheeled vehicle comprises a control unit and a braking operation mechanism, the control unit is any one or a combination of more than two of a right braking handle, a left braking handle and a braking pedal, and after being controlled, the control unit executes control actions and generates control signals; the braking operation mechanisms are arranged on the front wheel and the rear wheel of the two-wheeled vehicle respectively and comprise electronic control devices, braking motors and brakes, the electronic control devices generate control signals for the braking motors according to the control signals, and the braking motors drive the brakes to achieve braking or releasing. The structure is simplified, the corresponding braking speed of the two-wheeled vehicle is increased, the braking efficiency is improved, and the braking effect and the control experience are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of two-wheeled vehicle technology, specifically relating to two-wheeled vehicle braking technology. Background Technology

[0002] US Patent Publication No. US20210229649A1 discloses a brake-by-wire device for a motorcycle, including a brake, a brake operating unit, a control unit, and a signal processing unit. The rider operates the brake operating unit by pressing a pressure sensor on the handlebars and depressing the brake pedal, sending signals to the signal processing unit. The signal processing unit then supplies power to the control unit based on the input signals, causing the control unit to generate control signals that control the front and rear wheel braking circuits. The braking circuit includes a hydraulic circuit composed of a regulator, solenoid valves, etc. Based on the control signals, a preset control pressure generated by the hydraulic pressure in the master cylinder operates the front and rear wheel brake calipers, causing them to generate a preset braking force. Existing technology uses a hydraulic circuit to transmit pressure signals, including a regulator, solenoid valves, a master cylinder, and hydraulic fluid. Its structure is relatively complex, prone to hydraulic leakage and contamination, and has a slow braking response. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fast-braking two-wheeled vehicle and its electromechanical braking system, which simplifies the structure and improves the braking response speed.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] First, a two-wheeled vehicle electromechanical braking system is provided, comprising:

[0006] The control unit is any one or more of the right brake lever, left brake lever, and brake pedal. After being controlled, it performs control actions and generates control signals.

[0007] The braking mechanism is located on the front and rear wheels of the two-wheeled vehicle and includes an electronic control device, a brake motor, and a brake. The electronic control device generates a control signal for the brake motor based on the control signal, and the brake motor drives the brake to achieve braking or release.

[0008] Preferably, the electronic control device includes a power supply module, a processing module, and a motor drive circuit. The power supply module converts the vehicle power supply to supply power to the braking system. The processing module analyzes and calculates the control signals to generate control commands for the brake motor and drives the brake motor through the motor drive circuit.

[0009] Preferably, the electronic control device further includes an energy storage module and a power switching circuit. The energy storage module stores electrical energy from the vehicle power supply, and the power switching circuit is used to switch the power supply so that the electronic control unit and actuator are normally powered by the vehicle power supply. When the vehicle power supply circuit fails or the power supply is insufficient, the power switching circuit switches to power supply from the energy storage module.

[0010] Preferably, the energy storage module is a supercapacitor; or, the energy storage module is a lithium battery.

[0011] Preferably, the electromechanical braking system includes a main braking circuit and a secondary braking circuit; any one or more combinations of the right brake handle, left brake handle, and brake pedal are connected to the electronic control device of the braking mechanism on the front and rear wheels to form the main braking circuit.

[0012] The left or right brake handle is connected to a cable, which is connected to the brake motor of the braking mechanism on the front and rear wheels through a force sensor, forming a secondary braking circuit;

[0013] If the electronic control device of the main braking circuit malfunctions, the brake motor will automatically switch to the auxiliary braking circuit.

[0014] Preferably, the brake handle is hinged to the two-wheeled vehicle handlebars, there is an angle between the brake handle and the two-wheeled vehicle handlebars and the angle decreases after the brake handle is operated, the brake handle is connected to an elastic element that resets after being operated, a force sensor is provided on the hinge or the elastic element to detect the reaction force when the brake handle is operated, the force sensor is electrically connected to the electronic control device, and the force sensor signal is transmitted to the electronic control device.

[0015] Preferably, the brake pedal and the pedal bracket are hinged together, there is an angle between the brake pedal and the pedal bracket and the angle decreases after the brake pedal is operated, a force sensor is provided on the hinge or the elastic element to detect the reaction force when the brake pedal is operated, the force sensor is electrically connected to the electronic control device, and the force sensor signal is transmitted to the electronic control device.

[0016] Preferably, the right brake handle and the left brake handle are simultaneously connected to the braking mechanism on the front and rear wheels.

[0017] Preferably, the brake includes a reduction gear assembly and a motion conversion assembly. The brake motor drives the reduction gear assembly, and the reduction gear assembly transmits rotational motion to the motion conversion assembly, which then converts the rotational motion into linear motion.

[0018] In addition, a two-wheeled vehicle is also provided, including the aforementioned electromechanical braking system.

[0019] The technical solution adopted in this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] An electromechanical braking system is used on a two-wheeled vehicle. The braking mechanism is located on both the front and rear wheels and includes an electronic control unit, a brake motor, and a brake. The electronic control unit generates a control signal to the brake motor based on the control signal. The brake motor then drives the brake to achieve braking or release, thus eliminating the need for a hydraulic circuit and simplifying the structure. Electrical signals are transmitted between the control unit and the electronic control unit, allowing the brake motor to drive the brake for rapid braking. This improves the braking response speed and efficiency of the two-wheeled vehicle. Furthermore, the electronic control unit can precisely control the brake motor based on the control signal, thereby controlling the braking force and improving braking performance and driving experience.

[0021] Furthermore, the electronic control device can also be equipped with an energy storage module to store electrical energy from the vehicle power supply, thus preventing danger caused by power failure. The energy storage module is preferably a supercapacitor, which has a fast charging and discharging speed to meet the requirement of quickly supplying power to the braking mechanism.

[0022] In addition to the conventional main braking circuit, a secondary braking circuit can be set up as a backup for the main braking circuit. When the electronic control device of the main braking circuit fails, it automatically switches to the secondary braking circuit for braking. Furthermore, due to the adoption of a more stable and reliable mechanical transmission, a signal is provided to the brake motor, which improves the reliability of braking.

[0023] These features and advantages of the present invention will be disclosed in detail in the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electromechanical braking system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the force sensor connected to the right brake handle in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic control device. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the brake motor and brake; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electromechanical braking system in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the electromechanical braking system in Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure label: Vehicle battery 1, brake pedal 10, second force sensor 11, right brake lever 20, first force sensor 21, cable 22, left brake lever 25, third force sensor 26, first electronic control unit 30, second electronic control unit 31, processing module 32, storage module 33, energy storage module 34, power supply module 35, first brake motor 40, second brake motor 41, encoder 43, fourth force sensor 44, first caliper 50, second caliper 51, motor shaft 47, two-stage reduction gear assembly 48, planetary gear assembly 49, ball screw assembly 50, nut 52A, brake pad 53, brake disc 60. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be explained and described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in the implementation methods without creative effort are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] The electromechanical braking system of a two-wheeled vehicle includes a control unit and a braking mechanism. The control unit is any one or a combination of two of the right brake lever, left brake lever, and brake pedal, operated by the driver by squeezing the brake lever or pressing the brake pedal. Once controlled, it executes the control action and generates a control signal. The braking mechanism, located on the front and rear wheels of the two-wheeled vehicle, includes an electronic control unit, a brake motor, and a brake. The electronic control unit receives the current control signal from the control unit and, based on the control signal, calculates the control signal to be provided to the brake motor, causing the brake motor to operate and output the corresponding speed and power. The brake motor then drives the brake to achieve braking or release. The brake is a mechanical brake, such as a caliper / brake shoe that rubs against or releases the brake disc / brake drum fixed to the wheel.

[0027] The braking system is powered by the vehicle's onboard battery or power battery, collectively referred to as the onboard power supply. This power supply connects to the electronic control unit, which then distributes electrical energy to the brake motor. Of course, the power supply also supplies power to the control unit and other electronic devices within the braking system.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] The two-wheeled vehicle is either an electric two-wheeled vehicle or a hybrid two-wheeled vehicle, such as... Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the control unit is a combination of the right brake lever 20 and the brake pedal 10. It is controlled by the brake pedal 10 and the right brake lever 20. The driver can send control signals by squeezing the right brake lever or by pressing the brake pedal.

[0030] like Figure 2As shown, the right brake handle 20 is mounted on the handlebars of the two-wheeled vehicle. The right brake handle 20 is hinged to the handlebars of the two-wheeled vehicle. There is an angle between the right brake handle 20 and the handlebars of the two-wheeled vehicle, and the angle decreases after the brake handle is operated. The right brake handle 20 is connected to an elastic element that resets after being operated. A first force sensor 21 is mounted on the hinge or the elastic element to detect the reaction force when the right brake handle is operated. The first force sensor 21 is electrically connected to the electronic control device, and the signal from the first force sensor 21 is transmitted to the electronic control device.

[0031] The brake pedal 10 is located on the lower right side of the driver's seat and operates on the same principle as the right brake lever, controlled by the driver's right foot. The brake pedal is hinged to the pedal bracket on the vehicle body, and there is an angle between them. The angle changes when the driver's right foot presses the brake pedal. A second force sensor 11 is installed on the hinge or on the elastic element to detect the reaction force when the brake pedal is operated. The second force sensor 11 is electrically connected to the electronic control device, and the force sensor signal is transmitted to the electronic control device.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the braking mechanisms for the front and rear wheels of the two-wheeled vehicle are located on the front fork and include a first electronic control device 30, a first brake motor 40, and a first caliper 50. The braking mechanism for the rear wheel includes a second electronic control device 31, a second brake motor 41, and a second caliper 51. The first force sensor 21 and the second force sensor 11 mentioned above are both connected to the two electronic control devices.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the electronic control device includes a power module 35, a processing module 32, a storage module 33, an energy storage module 34, and a motor drive circuit. The power module 35 converts the vehicle's power supply to power the braking system. The processing module 32 analyzes and calculates the control signals to generate control commands for the brake motor, such as signals for target clamping force and target torque, and drives the brake motor through the motor drive circuit. The storage module 33 stores sensor signal values, calculation values ​​from the processing module, etc., for the processing module to access. The vehicle's battery 1 is connected to the power module for power supply. The power module 35 includes a protection circuit, a power converter, and a power switching circuit. The energy storage module 34 stores electrical energy from the vehicle's power supply, preferably a supercapacitor, which has a fast charging and discharging speed to meet the requirement of quickly supplying power to the braking mechanism; however, a lithium battery can also be used. The power switching circuit is used to switch the power supply. During vehicle operation, under normal circumstances, the vehicle's battery supplies power to the braking system. When the vehicle's battery power supply circuit fails or is insufficient, the power switching circuit switches to power supply from the energy storage module to ensure that the braking system can continue to function until the vehicle comes to a safe stop.

[0034] like Figure 4As shown, the brake motor includes a motor shaft 47. The brake includes a reduction gear assembly and a motion conversion assembly. The brake motor drives the reduction gear assembly, which transmits rotational motion to the motion conversion assembly, which then converts the rotational motion into linear motion. Alternatively, the reduction gear assembly can be integrated with the brake motor.

[0035] In some embodiments, the reduction gear assembly includes a two-stage reduction gear assembly 48 and a planetary reduction assembly 49, wherein the two-stage reduction gear assembly includes a meshing first-stage pinion and a second-stage large gear, the first-stage pinion is fixed to the motor shaft 47 of the brake motor, and the output shaft of the second-stage large gear is connected to the input end of the planetary reduction assembly; the motion conversion assembly is a ball screw assembly 50.

[0036] The brake motor receives a control signal and operates. The reduction gear assembly 48 and the planetary gear assembly 49 drive the transmission in sequence. The rotation of the motor shaft is converted into the movement of the nut 52A on the ball screw, which pushes the brake pad 53 to move, thereby clamping or releasing the brake disc 60 on the front wheel hub. The first brake motor 40 is equipped with an encoder 43 to detect the motor position and improve control accuracy.

[0037] The driver issues a braking command by squeezing the brake lever or pressing the brake pedal. The electronic control unit, based on signals from sensors on the lever and brake pedal indicating the reaction force, and combined with information such as wheel speed and inertia, allocates braking demand to the front and rear wheels, generates control signals, and supplies electrical energy to the braking mechanisms of the front and rear wheels. The logic of the electronic control unit's analysis and judgment is such that the greater the reaction force, the greater the braking demand it determines. If the electronic control unit receives signals from sensors on both the brake lever and brake pedal simultaneously, it determines that the braking demand is greater than if only one of them is operated.

[0038] This embodiment has high computing power and high security redundancy.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the control unit is a combination of the right brake handle 20 and the left brake handle 25. The right brake handle 20 and the left brake handle 25 are simultaneously connected to the braking mechanism on the front and rear wheels. Both the right brake handle and the left brake handle can perform control actions after being controlled. In the event of failure of a single brake handle, the front and rear wheels can still brake normally.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] An improvement is made based on Embodiment 1, namely, the installation of a right brake handle, brake pedal, and braking mechanism for the front and rear wheels with the same structure and operation as Embodiment 1. The right brake handle and brake pedal are connected to the electronic control device of the braking mechanism on the front and rear wheels. The electronic control device is connected to the brake motor, and the brake motor is connected to the brake, forming the main braking circuit.

[0043] like Figure 6 As shown, in addition to the conventional main braking circuit, a secondary braking circuit is also provided as a backup for the main braking circuit. A cable 22 is also connected to the right brake handle. Cable 22 is connected to the brake motors of the braking mechanism on the front and rear wheels via a fourth force sensor 42, forming a second braking circuit. The cable transmits a mechanical tension signal, which is further converted into a sensor signal, i.e., an electrical signal, by the fourth force sensor 42 on the braking mechanism and input to the brake motor. The fourth force sensor can measure the tension, displacement, angle, etc., of the cable / control unit.

[0044] Under normal circumstances, the main braking circuit operates. If a fault signal occurs in the electronic control device of the main braking circuit, the brake motor automatically switches to the auxiliary braking circuit. The brake motor is triggered to operate by the signal from the fourth force sensor 42. The brake motor is still powered through the power supply interface of the electronic control device. This embodiment is used to improve the redundancy of control signal transmission.

[0045] Of course, it is understood that the auxiliary braking line in this embodiment can also be provided in addition to the main braking line of Embodiment 2. In some embodiments, the left brake handle can also be connected to cable 22.

[0046] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the invention, but the scope of protection of the invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that the invention includes, but is not limited to, the contents described in the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments above. Any modifications that do not depart from the functional and structural principles of the invention will be included within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic mechanical braking system for a two-wheeled vehicle, characterized in that, The electronic mechanical brake system comprises: ​ a control unit, which is any one or more than two combinations of a right brake handle, a left brake handle and a brake pedal, and which, after being controlled, performs a control action and generates a control signal; a brake operating mechanism, which is arranged on the front wheel and the rear wheel of the two-wheeled vehicle respectively, and which comprises an electronic control device, a brake motor and a brake, wherein the electronic control device generates a control signal for the brake motor according to the control signal, and the brake motor drives the brake to realize braking or releasing.

2. The electronic mechanical braking system for a two-wheeled vehicle of claim 1, wherein, The electronic control device comprises a power supply module, a processing module and a motor driving circuit, the power supply module converts power supply from a vehicle-mounted power supply to supply power to the brake system, the processing module analyzes and calculates the control signal to generate a control instruction for the brake motor, and the brake motor is driven through the motor driving circuit.

3. The electronic mechanical braking system for a two-wheeled vehicle of claim 2, wherein, The electronic control device further comprises an energy storage module and a power supply switching circuit, the energy storage module stores electric energy from the vehicle-mounted power supply, and the power supply switching circuit is used for switching the power supply, so that the electronic control unit and the actuator are normally powered by the vehicle-mounted power supply, and when the vehicle-mounted power supply power supply loop fails or power supply is insufficient, the power supply switching circuit is switched to be powered by the energy storage module.

4. The electronic mechanical braking system for a two-wheeled vehicle of claim 3, wherein, The energy storage module is a super capacitor; or the energy storage module is a lithium battery.

5. The electronic mechanical braking system for two-wheeled vehicles as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The electronic mechanical brake system is provided with a main brake line and a secondary brake line; any one or more than two combinations of the right brake handle, the left brake handle and the brake pedal are connected with the electronic control devices of the brake operating mechanisms on the front and rear wheels to form the main brake line, The left brake handle or the right brake handle is connected with a cable, and the cable is connected with the brake motor of the brake operating mechanism on the front and rear wheels through a force sensor to form the secondary brake line; If the electronic control device of the main brake line fails, the brake motor is automatically switched to the secondary brake line.

6. The electronic mechanical braking system for a two-wheeled vehicle of claim 1, wherein, The brake handle is hingedly connected with the handlebar of the two-wheeled vehicle, and there is an angle between the brake handle and the handlebar of the two-wheeled vehicle, and the angle is reduced after the brake handle is controlled; the brake handle is connected with an elastic member which is reset after being controlled; a force sensor is arranged on the hinge or the elastic member to detect the reaction force when the brake handle is controlled; the force sensor is electrically connected with the electronic control device, and the force sensor signal is transmitted to the electronic control device.

7. The electronic mechanical braking system for two-wheeled vehicles as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The brake pedal is hingedly connected with the pedal support, and there is an angle between the brake pedal and the pedal support, and the angle is reduced after the brake pedal is controlled; a force sensor is arranged on the hinge or the elastic member to detect the reaction force when the brake pedal is controlled; the force sensor is electrically connected with the electronic control device, and the force sensor signal is transmitted to the electronic control device.

8. The electronic mechanical braking system for two-wheeled vehicles as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The right brake handle and the left brake handle are simultaneously connected with the brake operating mechanisms on the front and rear wheels.

9. The electronic mechanical braking system for two-wheeled vehicles as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The brake comprises a speed reduction gear assembly and a motion conversion assembly, the brake motor drives the speed reduction gear assembly, the speed reduction gear assembly transmits rotary motion to the motion conversion assembly, and the motion conversion assembly converts the rotary motion into linear motion.

10. A two-wheeled vehicle characterized by comprising: The electronic mechanical brake system comprises any one of claims 1 to 9.

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