Electric device, battery management system and battery management method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of energy management, and provides a power utilization device, a battery management system and a battery management method. The power utilization device comprises a first battery, a second battery and a battery management system, the battery management system is coupled to the first battery and the second battery, and the power utilization device further comprises a first direct current-direct current converter which is coupled to the first battery and used for inputting or outputting conversion of voltage of the first battery; the second DC-DC converter is coupled to the second battery and is used for inputting or outputting the conversion of the voltage of the second battery; a first controller coupled to the first DC-DC converter; the battery management system is also coupled to the first controller and the second DC-DC converter; the battery management system is further configured to control the operation of the second DC-DC converter and interact with the first controller to instruct the first controller to control the operation of the first DC-DC converter so as to reduce the cost of the application controller in the electric device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy management technology, and more specifically, to an electrical device, a battery management system, and a battery management method. Background Technology

[0002] In a vehicle, redundant power supply can be achieved by using two battery packs. This means that if one battery pack fails, the other can provide power, allowing the vehicle to continue operating normally. Accordingly, this setup requires two corresponding DC-DC converters to process the power output from each battery pack separately, thus enabling redundant control of the battery packs.

[0003] However, in related technologies, the Battery Management System (BMS) typically only protects and monitors the battery and does not control other circuits. This necessitates the use of separate controllers to manage the two DC-DC converters, thereby increasing product costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application provides an electrical device, a battery management system, and a battery management method that can reduce the cost of the control hardware for a battery pack.

[0005] Therefore, the first aspect of this application proposes an electrical device.

[0006] The second aspect of this application proposes a battery management system.

[0007] A third aspect of this application proposes a battery management method.

[0008] The fourth aspect of this application proposes a battery management method.

[0009] In view of the above, a first aspect of this application provides an electrical device comprising a first battery, a second battery, and a battery management system, wherein the battery management system is coupled to the first battery and the second battery, and the electrical device further comprises: a first DC-DC converter coupled to the first battery for inputting or outputting voltage conversion of the first battery; a second DC-DC converter coupled to the second battery for inputting or outputting voltage conversion of the second battery; a first controller coupled to the first DC-DC converter; the battery management system is also coupled to the first controller and the second DC-DC converter; the battery management system is further configured to control the operation of the second DC-DC converter and to interact with the first controller to instruct the first controller to control the operation of the first DC-DC converter.

[0010] This application provides an electrical device that uses a first controller to control a first DC-DC converter to convert energy into power from a first battery, and a battery management system to control a second DC-DC converter to convert energy into power from a second battery. The battery management system interacts with the first controller to instruct the first controller to control the first DC-DC converter. The battery management system can coordinate the control of the first DC-DC converter and the second DC-DC converter according to the operating status of the first and second batteries. In other words, the first DC-DC converter and the second DC-DC converter only require one first controller, reducing the cost of one controller and effectively lowering the cost of the electrical device.

[0011] In some technical solutions, optionally, the battery management system includes: a second controller coupled to a first controller and a second DC-DC converter, the second controller being configured to: control the operation of the second DC-DC converter, and interact with the first controller to instruct the first controller to control the operation of the first DC-DC converter.

[0012] In this technical solution, by setting a second controller, the second DC-DC converter can be controlled, and the second controller can be interacted with the first controller to instruct the first controller to control the first DC-DC converter, thereby realizing the coordinated control of the first DC-DC converter and the second DC-DC converter and improving the control efficiency of the first DC-DC converter and the second DC-DC converter.

[0013] In some technical solutions, the battery management system may optionally include: a sampling circuit coupled to a second controller and a second DC-DC converter, the sampling circuit being configured to: sample the voltages of the first battery and the second battery through the second DC-DC converter; the second controller being further configured to: control the first DC-DC converter and instruct the first controller to control the first DC-DC converter and the second DC-DC converter to operate alternately according to the voltages of the first battery and the second battery, so that the first battery and the second battery achieve voltage equalization.

[0014] In this technical solution, the voltages of the first and second batteries are sampled by a sampling circuit, enabling the battery management system to control the operation of the second DC-DC converter and interact with the first controller based on the voltages of the first and second batteries. This allows the first controller to control the first DC-DC converter, thereby enabling the first and second DC-DC converters to operate alternately. This achieves voltage balance between the first and second batteries, improving their power supply efficiency and extending their lifespan.

[0015] In some technical solutions, the electrical device may optionally include a switching assembly coupled to a first battery, a second battery, and a battery management system, wherein the battery management system is further configured to control the switching assembly to switch the series-parallel connection state of the first battery and the second battery.

[0016] In this technical solution, by setting a switching component and controlling the switching component through a battery management system, the series-parallel connection state of the first battery and the second battery can be switched, thereby matching the actual operation process of the first battery and the second battery and improving the operating efficiency of the first battery and the second battery.

[0017] In some technical solutions, optionally, when the first battery and the second battery are coupled to an external power source, the battery management system is further configured to: control the switching assembly to switch the series-parallel connection state of the first battery and the second battery according to the charging power of the external power source, so as to charge the first battery and the second battery.

[0018] In this technical solution, when the first battery and the second battery are charged by an external power source, the battery management system controls the switching component to switch the series and parallel connection state of the first battery and the second battery according to the charging power of the external power source. This allows the first battery and the second battery to be compatible with the charging power of the external power source during the charging process, so as to achieve the fastest and best charging efficiency.

[0019] In some technical solutions, the battery management system is optionally configured to: control the switching assembly to connect the first battery and the second battery in series when the charging power of the external power source is greater than or equal to the power threshold; and control the switching assembly to connect the first battery and the second battery in parallel when the charging power of the external power source is less than the power threshold.

[0020] In this technical solution, when the charging power of the external power source is greater than or equal to the power threshold, the control switch assembly connects the first battery and the second battery in series; when the charging power of the external power source is less than the power threshold, the control switch assembly connects the first battery and the second battery in parallel, thereby matching a faster charging speed for the first battery and the second battery.

[0021] In some technical solutions, optionally, the switching assembly includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, and a fifth switch; wherein the first switch is coupled to the negative terminal of the first battery and the positive terminal of the second battery, the second switch is coupled to the positive terminal of the first battery and the first DC-DC converter, the third switch is coupled to the positive terminal of the first battery and the positive terminal of the second battery, the fourth switch is coupled to the negative terminal of the second battery and the second DC-DC converter, and the fifth switch is coupled to the negative terminal of the second battery and the negative terminal of the first battery; when the first, second, and fourth switches are closed, and the third and fifth switches are open, the first and second batteries are in series; when the first switch is open, and the second, third, fourth, and fifth switches are closed, the first and second batteries are in parallel.

[0022] In this technical solution, by setting the switch assembly as a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, and a fifth switch, and simultaneously setting the connection method of the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch, and the fifth switch, the battery management system can control the closed and open states of the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch, and the fifth switch respectively, thereby realizing the switching of the series and parallel connection state of the first battery and the second battery.

[0023] In some technical solutions, the battery management system is optionally configured to: control the first switch to close and the second, third, fourth and fifth switches to open to charge the second battery, and to charge the first battery through the first DC-DC converter; and control the second and fourth switches to close when the voltages of the first battery and the second battery are equal, so that the first battery and the second battery switch to form a series state.

[0024] In this technical solution, the first switch is closed by controlling the first battery and the battery management system, while the second, third, fourth, and fifth switches are opened. This allows the first DC-DC converter to pre-charge the first battery in reverse, and the second DC-DC converter to pre-charge the second battery in reverse. After the voltages of the first and second batteries are equal, the second and fourth switches are closed to connect the first and second batteries in series and supply power to the electrical devices. This prevents large surge currents from occurring in the series circuit due to the voltage difference between the first and second batteries, thus effectively avoiding damage to electrical components in the main circuit caused by surge currents.

[0025] In some technical solutions, the electrical device may optionally include: a first protector coupled to a first node of a switching assembly and coupled to a first DC-DC converter; and a second protector coupled to a second node of a switching assembly and coupled to a second DC-DC converter.

[0026] In this technical solution, by setting up a first protector and a second protector, when a large current occurs during the operation of the electrical device, the first protector and the second protector can disconnect the circuit in time to avoid damage to electrical components caused by excessive current in the electrical device.

[0027] In some technical solutions, optionally, the first DC-DC converter includes: a first DC converter coupled to a DC power supply, and a first controller configured to control the first DC converter to charge the DC power supply; the second DC-DC converter includes: a second DC converter coupled to a DC power supply, and a battery management system configured to control the second DC converter to charge the DC power supply.

[0028] In this technical solution, a first DC-DC converter is provided with a first DC converter, and a second DC-DC converter is provided with a second DC converter, so that a first controller can control the operation of the first DC converter to deliver the electrical energy of the first battery to the DC power supply, and a battery management system can control the operation of the second DC converter to deliver the electrical energy of the second battery to the DC power supply.

[0029] In some technical solutions, optionally, the first DC-DC converter further includes: a first flyback circuit coupled to the load, and a first controller configured to control the first flyback circuit to supply power to the load; the second DC-DC converter further includes: a second flyback circuit coupled to the load, and a battery management system configured to control the second flyback circuit to supply power to the load.

[0030] In this technical solution, the first DC-DC converter is provided with a first flyback circuit, and the second DC-DC converter is provided with a second flyback circuit, so that the first controller can control the operation of the first flyback circuit to deliver the electrical energy of the first battery to the load, and the battery management system can control the operation of the second flyback circuit to deliver the electrical energy of the second battery to the load.

[0031] In some technical solutions, the electrical device may optionally include a charging circuit, the output node of which is coupled to a switching assembly, and the input node of which is coupled to an AC power source. The charging circuit is configured to charge the first battery and the second battery when they are in series.

[0032] In this technical solution, by setting up a charging circuit, it is possible to convert the AC power supplied by the AC power source into DC power when the first battery and the second battery are in series, and then supply it to the first battery and the second battery, thereby realizing the charging of the first battery and the second battery by the AC power source.

[0033] A second aspect of this application provides a battery management system for an electrical device as described in the first aspect. The battery management system includes a second controller coupled to a first controller and a second DC-DC converter. The second controller is configured to control the operation of the second DC-DC converter and to interact with the first controller to instruct the first controller to control the operation of the first DC-DC converter.

[0034] The battery management system of this application embodiment, by setting a second controller, can control the second DC-DC converter and interact with the first controller to instruct the first controller to control the first DC-DC converter, thereby realizing the coordinated control of the first DC-DC converter and the second DC-DC converter and improving the control efficiency of the first DC-DC converter and the second DC-DC converter.

[0035] In some technical solutions, the battery management system may optionally include a sampling circuit coupled to a second controller and a second DC-DC converter, the sampling circuit being configured to sample the voltages of the first battery and the second battery via the second DC-DC converter.

[0036] In this technical solution, the voltages of the first and second batteries are sampled by a sampling circuit, enabling the battery management system to control the operation of the second DC-DC converter and interact with the first controller based on the voltages of the first and second batteries. This allows the first controller to control the first DC-DC converter, thereby enabling the first and second DC-DC converters to operate alternately. This achieves voltage balance between the first and second batteries, improving their power supply efficiency and extending their lifespan.

[0037] A third aspect of this application provides a battery management method for use in a battery management system of an electrical device as provided in the first aspect embodiment. The battery management method includes: controlling the operation of a second DC-DC converter and interacting with a first controller to instruct the first controller to control the operation of a first DC-DC converter so that the first DC-DC converter and the second DC-DC converter operate alternately.

[0038] This application provides a battery management method that controls a first DC-DC converter and a second DC-DC converter to operate alternately, thereby achieving voltage balance between the first battery and the second battery, improving the power supply efficiency of the first battery and the second battery, and extending the service life of the first battery and the second battery.

[0039] In some technical solutions, the battery management method may optionally include: when the first battery and the second battery are coupled to an external power source, controlling the switching assembly to switch the series-parallel connection state of the first battery and the second battery according to the charging power of the external power source, so as to charge the first battery and the second battery.

[0040] In this technical solution, when the first battery and the second battery are charged by an external power source, the battery management system controls the switching component to switch the series and parallel connection state of the first battery and the second battery according to the charging power of the external power source. This allows the first battery and the second battery to be compatible with the charging power of the external power source during the charging process, so as to achieve the fastest and best charging efficiency.

[0041] In some technical solutions, optionally, the switching assembly is controlled to switch the series-parallel connection state of the first battery and the second battery according to the charging power of the external power source, so as to charge the first battery and the second battery. This includes: when the charging power of the external power source is greater than or equal to a power threshold, the switching assembly is controlled to connect the first battery and the second battery in series; when the charging power of the external power source is less than the power threshold, the switching assembly is controlled to connect the first battery and the second battery in parallel.

[0042] In this technical solution, when the charging power of the external power source is greater than or equal to the power threshold, the control switch assembly, the first battery, and the second battery are connected in series; when the charging power of the external power source is less than the power threshold, the control switch assembly connects the first battery and the second battery in parallel, thereby matching a faster charging speed for the first battery and the second battery.

[0043] In some technical solutions, the battery management method may optionally include: controlling the second DC converter to charge the DC power supply when the second DC converter is coupled to the DC power supply.

[0044] In this technical solution, a second DC-DC converter is provided, thereby controlling the operation of the second DC converter to deliver the electrical energy of the second battery to the DC power source.

[0045] In some technical solutions, the battery management method may optionally include controlling the second flyback circuit to supply power to the load when the second flyback circuit is coupled to the load.

[0046] In this technical solution, the second DC-DC converter is equipped with a second flyback circuit, which enables the second controller to control the operation of the second flyback circuit to deliver the electrical energy of the second battery to the load.

[0047] The fourth aspect of this application provides a battery management method for a first controller in an electrical device as provided in the first aspect embodiment. The battery management method includes: interacting with a battery management system and controlling the operation of a first DC-DC converter based on information sent by the battery management system, so that the first DC-DC converter and a second DC-DC converter operate alternately, so that the first battery and the second battery achieve voltage equalization.

[0048] This application provides a battery management method that controls a first DC-DC converter and a second DC-DC converter to operate alternately, thereby achieving voltage balance between the first battery and the second battery, improving the power supply efficiency of the first battery and the second battery, and extending the service life of the first battery and the second battery.

[0049] In some technical solutions, the battery management method may optionally include: controlling the first DC converter to charge the DC power supply when the first DC converter is coupled to the DC power supply.

[0050] In this technical solution, a first DC-DC converter is provided, thereby enabling the first controller to control the operation of the first DC converter to deliver the electrical energy of the first battery to the DC power source.

[0051] In some technical solutions, the battery management method may optionally include: controlling the first flyback circuit to supply power to the load when the first flyback circuit is coupled to the load.

[0052] In this technical solution, the first DC-DC converter is equipped with a first flyback circuit, which enables the first controller to control the operation of the first flyback circuit to deliver the electrical energy of the first battery to the load.

[0053] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent in the following description or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0054] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle structure in some embodiments of this application;

[0056] Figure 2 Here are exploded views of the battery structure in some embodiments of this application;

[0057] Figure 3 This is one of the circuit diagrams of the electrical device in some embodiments of this application;

[0058] Figure 4 This is a second circuit diagram of an electrical device in some embodiments of this application;

[0059] Figure 5 This is the third circuit diagram of the electrical device in some embodiments of this application;

[0060] Figure 6 This is the fourth circuit diagram of the electrical device in some embodiments of this application;

[0061] Figure 7 This is the fifth circuit diagram of the electrical device in some embodiments of this application;

[0062] Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of the battery management system in some embodiments of this application;

[0063] Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of the electrical device and drive component in some embodiments of this application;

[0064] Figure 10 This is one of the flowcharts for the battery management method in some embodiments of this application;

[0065] Figure 11 This is the second flowchart of a battery management method in some embodiments of this application.

[0066] The correspondence between the reference numerals and the component names is as follows:

[0067] 1. Vehicle, 2. Electrical device, 10. Battery, 11. Box, 12. Battery cell, 111. First box body, 112. Second box body, 30. Motor.

[0068] 21 First DC-DC converter, 211 First DC converter, 212 First flyback circuit, 22 Second DC-DC converter, 221 Second DC converter, 222 Second flyback circuit, 23 First controller, 24 Battery management system, 241 Second controller, 242 Sampling circuit, 25 Switching assembly, 251 First switch, 252 Second switch, 253 Third switch, 254 Fourth switch, 255 Fifth switch, 256 First node, 257 Second node, 26 First protector, 27 Second protector, 28 Charging circuit, 291 First battery, 292 Second battery;

[0069] 40 drive components;

[0070] 50V DC power supply, 60V AC power supply. Detailed Implementation

[0071] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0072] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0073] Currently, new energy batteries are being used more and more widely in daily life and industry. New energy is not only being used in energy storage systems for hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also in various fields such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric vehicles. With the continuous expansion of the application areas of power batteries, the market demand for them is also constantly increasing.

[0074] In electric vehicles, redundant power supply can be achieved by using two battery packs. This means that if one battery pack fails, the other can provide power, allowing the vehicle to continue operating. Accordingly, this setup requires two corresponding DC-DC converters to convert the current supplied by each battery pack, thus enabling redundant control of the battery packs.

[0075] In related technologies, for two DC-DC converters, it is necessary to set up corresponding second controllers to control the two DC-DC converters respectively. Setting up two second controllers will increase the cost of the product and affect the control efficiency.

[0076] Based on the above considerations, in order to achieve redundant control of the first DC-DC converter and the second DC-DC converter, and to improve the control efficiency of both converters, a first controller controls the first DC-DC converter to convert energy to the first battery, and a battery management system controls the second DC-DC converter to convert energy to the second battery. This achieves redundant control of the first and second DC-DC converters, ensuring that if either converter fails, the other can continue to operate normally. Furthermore, the battery management system interacts with the first controller to instruct it to control the first DC-DC converter. The battery management system can coordinate the control of the first and second DC-DC converters based on the operating status of the first and second batteries, thereby effectively improving the control efficiency of both converters.

[0077] The electrical device disclosed in this application can be used in electrical devices that use batteries as a power source, or in various energy storage systems that use batteries as energy storage elements. The electrical device can be, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Among them, electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc., and spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0078] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1 provided in some embodiments of this application. Vehicle 1 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, or a range-extended electric vehicle, etc. A battery 10 is installed inside the vehicle 1, and the battery 10 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1. The battery 10 can be used to power the vehicle 1; for example, the battery 10 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, vehicle 1 may also include an electrical device 2 and a motor 30. The electrical device 2 is used to control the battery 10 to supply power to the motor 30, for example, to meet the power needs of vehicle 1 during starting, navigation and driving.

[0079] In some embodiments of this application, the battery 10 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1.

[0080] Reference Figure 2, Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the structure of a battery 10 provided in some embodiments of this application. The battery 10 includes a housing 11 and a plurality of battery cells 12, with the battery cells 12 housed within the housing 11. The housing 11 provides assembly space for the battery cells 12, and the housing 11 can adopt various structures. In some embodiments, the housing 11 may include a first housing body 111 and a second housing body 112, which overlap each other, jointly defining an assembly space for accommodating the battery cells 12. The second housing body 112 may be a hollow structure open at one end, and the first housing body 111 may be a plate-like structure, covering the open side of the second housing body 112 so that the first housing body 111 and the second housing body 112 jointly define the assembly space; alternatively, the first housing body 111 and the second housing body 112 may both be hollow structures open on one side, with the open side of the first housing body 111 covering the open side of the second housing body 112. Of course, the box 11 formed by the first box body 111 and the second box body 112 can be of various shapes, such as cylinder, cuboid, etc.

[0081] Appendix Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 In the diagram, the arrows between the first controller 23 and the second controller 241 indicate interactive communication, the arrows between the first controller 23 and the first DC-DC converter 21 indicate interactive communication, the arrows between the first controller 23 and the second DC-DC converter 22 indicate interactive communication, and the other arrows indicate the direction of current.

[0082] The following reference Figure 3 This application describes an electrical device according to some embodiments. Figure 3 This is one of the circuit diagrams of the electrical device in some embodiments of this application.

[0083] like Figure 3 As shown, some embodiments of this application provide an electrical device 2. The electrical device 2 includes a first battery 291, a second battery 292, and a battery management system 24. The battery management system 24 is coupled to the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 to manage the power of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292.

[0084] The present application provides an electrical device 2, whose battery management system 24 manages not only the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, thereby reducing the cost of the application controller and improving the control efficiency of the device.

[0085] In practical applications, the electrical device 2 can be, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Among them, electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc., and spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0086] For example, the battery management system 24 can interact with the controller via the Controller Area Network (CAN) bus protocol.

[0087] The battery management system 24 is coupled to the first battery 291 and the second battery 292. The battery management system 24 is used to manage the power of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292. Specifically, it can collect parameters such as cell voltage, current and battery temperature of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, and then perform remaining power estimation, health status estimation, overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection and circuit protection during charging and discharging, equalize control of cell voltage and perform thermal management of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 based on the parameters of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292.

[0088] The electrical device 2 also includes a first DC-DC converter 21, a second DC-DC converter 22, and a first controller 23. The first DC-DC converter 21 is coupled to a first battery 291, the second DC-DC converter 22 is coupled to a second battery 292, and the first controller 23 is coupled to the first DC-DC converter 21. A battery management system 24 is coupled to both the first and second batteries 291 and 292, and is configured to manage the electrical energy of both batteries. Furthermore, the battery management system 24 is also coupled to the second DC-DC converter 22 and the first controller 23, and is configured to control the operation of the second DC-DC converter 22 and interact with the first controller 23 to instruct the first controller 23 to control the operation of the first DC-DC converter 21.

[0089] Both the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 include a battery 10. By using two batteries, redundant power supply is achieved; that is, if one battery fails, the other can provide power, allowing normal operation. The electrical device 2 uses the battery 10 as its power source. The battery 10 can serve as the operating power source for the electrical device 2, and also as its driving power source. It is used to manage the charging and discharging process of the battery 10, such as converting the electrical energy provided by the battery 10 to transmit the converted energy to the various electrical loads of the electrical device 2 to ensure the normal operation of the electrical loads, and controlling the charging and discharging of the battery 10.

[0090] The electrical device 2 also includes a first DC-DC converter 21 and a second DC-DC converter 22. The first DC-DC converter 21 is coupled to a first battery 291 to convert the electrical energy in the first battery 291 and deliver the converted electrical energy to the electrical device. Correspondingly, the second DC-DC converter 22 is coupled to a second battery 292 to convert the electrical energy in the second battery 292 and deliver the converted electrical energy to the electrical device.

[0091] The first controller 23 is coupled to the first DC-DC converter 21. Through the first controller 23, the first DC-DC converter 21 can be controlled, that is, the operating parameters of the first DC-DC converter 21 can be controlled to achieve the adjustment process of different electrical energy parameters. For example, the first controller 23 can be a digital signal processing chip (DSP).

[0092] In addition, the battery management system 24 is also coupled to the second DC-DC converter 22. That is, in addition to managing the power of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, the battery management system 24 can also control the second DC-DC converter 22, thereby realizing the conversion of the power of the second battery 292 through the second DC-DC converter 22.

[0093] In other words, for the first DC-DC converter 21, a first controller 23 is set up to control the first DC-DC converter 21. For the second DC-DC converter 22, it can be directly controlled by the battery management system 24, without the need to set up a separate controller for the second DC-DC converter 22. In this way, based on the redundant control of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, the control function of the battery management system 24 is used to control the second DC-DC converter 22, reducing the need for a separate controller and thus reducing the hardware cost of the power-consuming device 2.

[0094] Furthermore, the battery management system 24 is also coupled to the first controller 23. The battery management system 24 can interact with the first controller 23 to instruct the first controller 23 to control the first DC-DC converter 21. In this way, the battery management system 24 can coordinately control the first DC-DC converter 21 and the second DC-DC converter 22 based on the operating states of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292. That is, because the battery management system 24 can interact with the first controller 23, it can take into account the operating states of both the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 to coordinately control the first DC-DC converter 21 and the second DC-DC converter 22, thereby effectively improving the control efficiency of the first DC-DC converter 21 and the second DC-DC converter 22.

[0095] For example, the battery management system 24 and the first controller 23 can interact with each other via the Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol.

[0096] In the above embodiments, for the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, the first controller 23 controls the first DC-DC converter 21 to convert power to the first battery 291, and the battery management system 24 controls the second DC-DC converter 22 to convert power to the second battery 292. This achieves redundant control of the first DC-DC converter 21 and the second DC-DC converter 22, ensuring that if either the first DC-DC converter 21 or the second DC-DC converter 22 fails, the other can continue to operate normally. Simultaneously, the battery management system 24 interacts with the first controller 23 to instruct the first controller 23 to control the first DC-DC converter 21. The battery management system 24 can coordinate the control of the first DC-DC converter 21 and the second DC-DC converter 22 according to the operating status of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, thereby effectively improving the control efficiency of the first DC-DC converter 21 and the second DC-DC converter 22.

[0097] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the battery management system 24 includes a second controller 241 coupled to a first controller 23 and a second DC-DC converter 22. The second controller 241 is configured to control the operation of the second DC-DC converter 22 and to interact with the first controller 23 to instruct the first controller 23 to control the operation of the first DC-DC converter 21.

[0098] The second controller 241 can be a microprogrammed control unit (MCU). The second controller 241 is coupled to the second DC-DC converter 22, allowing the battery management system 24 to control the second DC-DC converter 22 via the second controller 241. Simultaneously, the second controller 241 is also coupled to the first controller 23, enabling the battery management system 24 to instruct the first controller 23 to control the first DC-DC converter 21 through interaction between the second controller 241 and the first controller 23. This achieves coordinated control of the first DC-DC converter 21 and the second DC-DC converter 22 by the battery management system 24.

[0099] In the above embodiment, by setting the second controller 241, the second DC-DC converter 22 can be controlled, and interaction with the first controller 23 can be achieved to instruct the first controller 23 to control the first DC-DC converter 21, thereby realizing the coordinated control of the first DC-DC converter 21 and the second DC-DC converter 22, and improving the control efficiency of the first DC-DC converter 21 and the second DC-DC converter 22.

[0100] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the battery management system 24 also includes a sampling circuit 242 coupled to a second controller 241 and a second DC-DC converter 22. The sampling circuit 242 is configured to sample the voltages of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 via the second DC-DC converter 22. The second controller 241 is also configured to control the first DC-DC converter 21 and instruct the first controller 23 to control the first DC-DC converter 21 and the second DC-DC converter 22 to operate alternately based on the voltages of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, so that the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 achieve voltage balance.

[0101] The sampling circuit 242 can be used to sample the operating parameters of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292. These operating parameters may include the cell voltage, current, and battery temperature of the first and second batteries 291 and 292. Specifically, the sampling circuit 242 can be coupled to the second DC-DC converter 22, enabling the sampling circuit 242 to sample the operating parameters of the first and second batteries 291 and 292 based on the second DC-DC converter 22. In other words, the operating parameters of the first and second batteries 291 are transmitted to the sampling circuit 242 through the second DC-DC converter 22 to achieve the sampling of operating parameters.

[0102] In addition, the sampling circuit 242 is also coupled to the second controller 241 of the battery management system 24. After receiving the voltages of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 sampled by the sampling circuit 242, the second controller 241 can control the operation of the second DC-DC converter 22 according to the voltages of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, and interact with the first controller 23 to instruct the first controller 23 to control the first DC-DC converter 21, thereby realizing the alternating operation of the first DC-DC converter 21 and the second DC-DC converter 22, so that the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 achieve voltage balance.

[0103] Understandably, in actual operation, if the voltage difference between the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 is large, especially when the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 are in series, it will cause the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 to experience different pressures during charge and discharge cycles, which will have a significant impact on the power supply efficiency and service life of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292. By using the second controller 241 of the battery management system 24 to coordinately control the alternating operation of the first DC-DC converter 21 and the second DC-DC converter 22 based on the voltage difference between the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, the remaining charge of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 is kept as close as possible during operation. This achieves voltage balance between the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, thereby improving the power supply efficiency of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 and extending their service life.

[0104] In the above embodiment, the sampling circuit 242 samples the voltage of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, enabling the battery management system 24 to control the operation of the second DC-DC converter 22 based on the voltage of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, and to interact with the first controller 23, thereby instructing the first controller 23 to control the first DC-DC converter 21, thereby realizing the alternating operation of the first DC-DC converter 21 and the second DC-DC converter 22, so that the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 achieve voltage balance, improve the power supply efficiency of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, and extend the service life of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292.

[0105] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the electrical device 2 also includes a switch assembly 25, which is coupled to a first battery 291, a second battery 292 and a battery management system 24. The battery management system 24 is further configured to control the switch assembly 25 to switch the series-parallel connection state of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292.

[0106] The switching assembly 25 may include multiple switches and is coupled to the first battery 291 and the second battery 292. The switching assembly 25 is also coupled to the battery management system 24, so that the battery management system 24 can control the switching assembly 25, that is, control the closed and open states of the multiple switches in the switching assembly 25, thereby controlling the series and parallel connection state between the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 to achieve matching of the actual operation process of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292.

[0107] For example, during the charging process of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 through an external charging station, by controlling the series-parallel connection state of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, a charging voltage platform compatible with the external charging station can be achieved, thereby reaching the fastest and most efficient charging. Specifically, when the power of the charging station is high, the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 can be connected in series; conversely, when the power of the charging station is low, the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 can be connected in parallel, thereby achieving the fastest charging speed.

[0108] In the above embodiments, by setting the switch assembly 25 and controlling the switch assembly 25 through the battery management system 24, the series-parallel connection state of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 is switched, thereby matching the actual operation process of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 and improving the operating efficiency of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292.

[0109] In some embodiments, when the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 are coupled to an external power source, the battery management system 24 is further configured to control the switching assembly 25 to switch the series-parallel connection state of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 according to the charging power of the external power source, so as to charge the first battery 291 and the second battery 292.

[0110] The external power source can be a charging pile. It is understood that different charging piles can have different charging powers. During the charging process of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 by the external power source, the battery management system 24 can control the switching component 25 according to the charging power of the external power source to switch the series and parallel connection state of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, thereby improving the charging efficiency of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292.

[0111] In some embodiments, the battery management system 24 is further configured to control the switching assembly 25 to connect the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 in series when the charging power of the external power source is greater than or equal to a power threshold; and to control the switching assembly 25 to connect the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 in parallel when the charging power of the external power source is less than a power threshold.

[0112] In this technical solution, when the charging power of the external power source is greater than or equal to the power threshold, the control switch assembly 25 connects the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 in series; when the charging power of the external power source is less than the power threshold, the control switch assembly 25 connects the first battery 292 and the second battery 292 in parallel, thereby matching the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 with a faster charging speed.

[0113] Specifically, when the external power supply has a high charging power, the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 can be connected in series. Conversely, when the external power supply has a low power, the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 can be connected in parallel to achieve the fastest charging speed.

[0114] In the above embodiments, when the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 are charged by an external power source, the battery management system 24 controls the switching component 25 to switch the series-parallel connection state of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 according to the charging power of the external power source, so that the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 can be compatible with the charging power of the external power source during the charging process, so as to achieve the fastest and optimal charging efficiency.

[0115] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the switch assembly 25 includes a first switch 251, a second switch 252, a third switch 253, a fourth switch 254, and a fifth switch 255; wherein, the first end of the first switch 251 is coupled to the negative terminal of the first battery 291, and the other end of the first switch 251 is coupled to the positive terminal of the second battery 292; the first end of the second switch 252 is coupled to the positive terminal of the first battery 291, and the second end of the second switch 252 is coupled to the first DC-DC converter 21; the first end of the third switch 253 is coupled to the positive terminal of the first battery 291, and the second end of the third switch 253 is coupled to the positive terminal of the second battery 292; the first end of the fourth switch 254 is coupled to the second battery 292. The negative terminal of battery 292 is coupled to the second terminal of the fourth switch 254, which is coupled to the second DC-DC converter 22. The first terminal of the fifth switch 255 is coupled to the negative terminal of the second battery 292, and the second terminal of the fifth switch 255 is coupled to the negative terminal of the first battery 291. When the first switch 251, the second switch 252, and the fourth switch 254 are closed, and the third switch 253 and the fifth switch 255 are open, the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 are in series. When the first switch 251 is open, and the second switch 252, the third switch 253, the fourth switch 254, and the fifth switch 255 are closed, the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 are in parallel.

[0116] The switch assembly 25 may specifically include five switches, namely a first switch 251, a second switch 252, a third switch 253, a fourth switch 254, and a fifth switch 255. The battery management system 24 can control the closed and open states of the first switch 251, the second switch 252, the third switch 253, the fourth switch 254, and the fifth switch 255, respectively, thereby realizing the switching of the series and parallel connection state of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 through the switch assembly.

[0117] Specifically, the first end of the first switch 251 is coupled to the negative terminal of the first battery 291, the other end of the first switch 251 is coupled to the positive terminal of the second battery 292, the first end of the second switch 252 is coupled to the positive terminal of the first battery 291, the second end of the second switch 252 is coupled to the first DC-DC converter 21, the first end of the third switch 253 is coupled to the positive terminal of the first battery 291, the second end of the third switch 253 is coupled to the positive terminal of the second battery 292, the first end of the fourth switch 254 is coupled to the negative terminal of the second battery 292, the second end of the fourth switch 254 is coupled to the second DC-DC converter 22, the first end of the fifth switch 255 is coupled to the negative terminal of the second battery 292, and the second end of the fifth switch 255 is coupled to the negative terminal of the first battery 291.

[0118] like Figure 5As shown, when it is necessary to switch the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 to a series connection, the battery management system 24 can control the first switch 251, the second switch 252 and the fourth switch 254 to close, and at the same time control the third switch 253 and the fifth switch 255 to open, so as to realize the series connection of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292.

[0119] Accordingly, such as Figure 6 As shown, when it is necessary to switch the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 to a parallel state, the battery management system 24 can control the first switch 251 to open, and at the same time control the second switch 252, the third switch 253, the fourth switch 254 and the fifth switch 255 to close, so as to realize the parallel connection of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292.

[0120] Of course, in other embodiments of this application, the switching component 25 that controls the series-parallel connection of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 can also have other structures or methods, which will not be listed here.

[0121] In the above embodiments, by configuring the switch assembly 25 as a first switch 251, a second switch 252, a third switch 253, a fourth switch 254, and a fifth switch 255, and simultaneously configuring the connection methods of the first switch 251, the second switch 252, the third switch 253, the fourth switch 254, and the fifth switch 255, the battery management system 24 can control the closed and open states of the first switch 251, the second switch 252, the third switch 253, the fourth switch 254, and the fifth switch 255 respectively, thereby realizing the switching of the series-parallel connection state of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292.

[0122] In some embodiments, the battery management system 24 is further configured to: control the first switch 251 to close and the second switch 252, the third switch 253, the fourth switch 254 and the fifth switch 255 to open, so as to charge the second battery 292 and charge the first battery 291 through the first DC-DC converter 21; and control the second switch 252 and the fourth switch 254 to close when the voltages of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 are equal, so as to switch the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 into a series state.

[0123] It is understandable that in the process of supplying power to the electrical device through the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 need to be pre-charged in reverse, that is, the bus capacitor of the first battery 291 and the bus capacitor connected to the second battery 292 need to be pre-charged, so as to avoid the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 from having a large current when connected to the electrical device, thereby avoiding damage to the device in the circuit by a large current.

[0124] Regarding the process of connecting the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 in series to supply power to the electrical components, firstly, as... Figure 7 As shown, the battery management system 24 can control the first switch 251 to close, while simultaneously controlling the second switch 252, the third switch 253, the fourth switch 254, and the fifth switch 255 to open. At this time, since only the first switch 251 is closed, the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 are not in series and are not connected to any electrical device. In this state, the first DC-DC converter 21 can perform reverse pre-charging of the first battery 291, and the second DC-DC converter 22 can perform reverse pre-charging of the second battery 292. Then, as... Figure 5 As shown, after the voltages of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 are equal, the battery management system 24 can control the first switch 251, the second switch 252, and the fourth switch 254 to close, so that the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 are connected in series and supply power to the electrical devices. At this time, since the voltages of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 are the same, a large inrush current will not occur in the series circuit due to the voltage difference between the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, thus effectively preventing damage to the electrical components in the main circuit due to inrush current.

[0125] In the above embodiment, by controlling the first switch 251 to close via the first battery 291 and the battery management system 24, and simultaneously controlling the second switch 252, the third switch 253, the fourth switch 254, and the fifth switch 255 to open, the first DC-DC converter 21 can perform reverse pre-charging of the first battery 291, and the second DC-DC converter 22 can perform reverse pre-charging of the second battery 292. After the voltages of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 are equal, the second switch 252 and the fourth switch 254 are then closed, so that the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 are connected in series and supply power to the electrical devices. This prevents large surge currents from occurring in the series circuit due to the voltage difference between the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, thereby effectively avoiding damage to the electrical components in the main circuit caused by surge currents.

[0126] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the electrical device 2 also includes a first protector 26 and a second protector 27. The first protector 26 is coupled to a first node 256 of the switching assembly 25 and is coupled to a first DC-DC converter 21; the second protector 27 is coupled to a second node 257 of the switching assembly 25 and is coupled to a second DC-DC converter 22.

[0127] The first protector 26 and the second protector 27 can both be set as fuses. It is understood that when the current passing through the fuse exceeds the fuse's maximum fusing current, the fuse will melt and break the circuit, thereby preventing the electrical components in the circuit from being damaged due to excessive current.

[0128] Specifically, the first protector 26 is coupled to the first node 256 of the switching assembly 25 and is also coupled to the first DC-DC converter 21. Correspondingly, the second protector 27 is coupled to the second node 257 of the switching assembly 25 and is also coupled to the second DC-DC converter 22. In this way, during the operation of the electrical device 2, the electrical components in the electrical device 2 can be protected by the first protector 26 and the second protector 27 to prevent damage to the electrical components due to large currents.

[0129] In the above embodiment, by setting a first protector 26 and a second protector 27, when a large current occurs during the operation of the electrical device 2, the first protector 26 and the second protector 27 can disconnect the circuit in time to avoid damage to electrical components caused by excessive current in the electrical device 2.

[0130] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first DC-DC converter 21 includes: a first DC converter 211, the first DC converter 211 being coupled to a DC power supply 50, and a first controller 23 being configured to control the first DC converter 211 to charge the DC power supply 50; the second DC-DC converter 22 includes: a second DC converter 221, the second DC converter 221 being coupled to a DC power supply 50, and a battery management system 24 being configured to control the second DC converter 221 to charge the DC power supply 50.

[0131] The DC power supply 50 can be an energy storage component installed on the electrical device 2 to store electrical energy, such as a battery 10.

[0132] The first DC-DC converter 211 can convert the electrical energy of the first battery 291 and transmit the converted electrical energy to the DC power supply 50 to charge the DC power supply 50. Correspondingly, the second DC-DC converter 221 can convert the electrical energy of the second battery 292 and transmit the converted electrical energy to the DC power supply 50 to charge the DC power supply 50.

[0133] Specifically, the first DC-DC converter 211 is controlled by the first controller 23. When the DC power supply 50 needs to be charged, the first controller 23 can control the first DC-DC converter 211 to operate, so as to convert the electrical energy of the first battery 291 and deliver it to the DC power supply 50. Correspondingly, the second DC-DC converter 221 is controlled by the battery management system 24. When the DC power supply 50 needs to be charged, the battery management system 24 can control the second DC-DC converter 221 to operate, so as to convert the electrical energy of the second battery 292 and deliver it to the DC power supply 50.

[0134] In the above embodiment, the first DC-DC converter 21 is provided with a first DC converter 211, and the second DC-DC converter 22 is provided with a second DC converter 221, so that the first controller 23 can control the operation of the first DC converter 211 to deliver the electrical energy of the first battery 291 to the DC power supply 50, and the battery management system 24 can operate the second DC converter 221 to deliver the electrical energy of the second battery 292 to the DC power supply 50.

[0135] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first DC-DC converter 21 further includes: a first flyback circuit 212 coupled to the load, and a first controller 23 configured to control the first DC-DC converter to supply power to the load; the second DC-DC converter 22 further includes: a second flyback circuit 222 coupled to the load, and a battery management system 24 configured to control the second flyback circuit 222 to supply power to the load.

[0136] The load is the electrical equipment installed in the electrical device 2. Through the first flyback circuit 212 and the second flyback circuit 222, the electrical energy of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 can be delivered to the load to enable the load to operate. At the same time, the first flyback circuit 212 and the second flyback circuit 222 can also achieve electrical isolation to prevent high-voltage current from damaging the load.

[0137] Specifically, the first flyback circuit 212 is controlled by the first controller 23. When power needs to be supplied to the load, the first controller 23 can control the first flyback circuit 212 to operate, thereby converting the electrical energy of the first battery 291 and supplying it to the load. Correspondingly, the second flyback circuit 222 is controlled by the battery management system 24. When the DC power supply 50 needs to be charged, the battery management system 24 can control the second DC converter 221 to operate, thereby converting the electrical energy of the second battery 292 and supplying it to the DC power supply 50.

[0138] In the above embodiment, the first DC-DC converter 21 is provided with a first flyback circuit 212, and the second DC-DC converter 22 is provided with a second flyback circuit 222, so that the first controller 23 can control the operation of the first flyback circuit 212 to deliver the electrical energy of the first battery 291 to the load, and the battery management system 24 can operate the second flyback circuit 222 to deliver the electrical energy of the second battery 292 to the load.

[0139] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the electrical device 2 also includes a charging circuit 28, the output node of which is coupled to the switching assembly 25, and the input node of which is coupled to the AC power supply 60. The charging circuit 28 is configured to charge the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 when they are in series.

[0140] The charging circuit 28 can be an on-board charger (OBC). The charging circuit 28 can convert the AC power provided by the AC power source 60 into DC power and deliver it to the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, thereby enabling the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 to be charged by the AC power source 60.

[0141] Specifically, the input node of the charging circuit 28 is coupled to the AC power supply 60, and the output node of the charging circuit 28 is coupled to the switching assembly 25. Before charging the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 through the AC power supply 60, the switching assembly 25 can first be controlled by the battery management system 24 to make the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 be in series. Then, the charging circuit 28 converts the AC power provided by the AC power supply 60 into DC power and delivers it to the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 to complete the charging of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292.

[0142] In the above embodiment, by setting up the charging circuit 28, when the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 are in a series connection, the AC power provided by the AC power supply 60 can be converted into DC power and delivered to the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, thereby realizing the charging of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 by the AC power supply 60.

[0143] The following reference Figure 8 This application describes a battery management system 24 according to some embodiments. Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of the battery management system 24 provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0144] like Figures 3 to 8As shown, some embodiments of this application provide a battery management system 24 for a power-consuming device 2 as described in any of the above embodiments. The battery management system 24 includes a second controller 241, which is coupled to a first controller 23 and a second DC-DC converter 22. The second controller 241 is configured to control the operation of the second DC-DC converter 22 and to interact with the first controller 23 to instruct the first controller 23 to control the operation of the first DC-DC converter 21.

[0145] The battery management system 24 is used to manage the electrical energy of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292. Specifically, it can collect parameters such as cell voltage, current, and battery temperature of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, and then perform remaining power estimation, health status estimation, overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, circuit protection during charging and discharging, equalize control of cell voltage, and perform thermal management of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 based on the parameters of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292.

[0146] The battery management system 24 specifically includes a second controller 241, which is coupled to a second DC-DC converter 22, enabling the battery management system 24 to control the second DC-DC converter 22 through the second controller 241. Simultaneously, the second controller 241 is also coupled to a first controller 23, allowing the battery management system 24 to instruct the first controller 23 to control the first DC-DC converter 21 through interaction between the second controller 241 and the first controller 23. This achieves coordinated control of the first DC-DC converter 21 and the second DC-DC converter 22 by the battery management system 24.

[0147] In the above embodiment, by setting the second controller 241, the second DC-DC converter 22 can be controlled, and interaction with the first controller 23 can be achieved to instruct the first controller 23 to control the first DC-DC converter 21, thereby realizing the coordinated control of the first DC-DC converter 21 and the second DC-DC converter 22, and improving the control efficiency of the first DC-DC converter 21 and the second DC-DC converter 22.

[0148] In some embodiments, the battery management system 24 further includes a sampling circuit 242 coupled to a second controller 241 and a second DC-DC converter 22, the sampling circuit 242 being configured to sample the voltages of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 via the second DC-DC converter 22.

[0149] The sampling circuit 242 can be used to sample the operating parameters of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292. These operating parameters may include the cell voltage, current, and battery temperature of the first and second batteries 291 and 292. Specifically, the sampling circuit 242 can be coupled to the second DC-DC converter 22, enabling the sampling circuit 242 to sample the operating parameters of the first and second batteries 291 and 292 based on the second DC-DC converter 22. In other words, the operating parameters of the first and second batteries 291 are transmitted to the sampling circuit 242 through the second DC-DC converter 22 to achieve the sampling of operating parameters.

[0150] In addition, the sampling circuit 242 is also coupled to the second controller 241 of the battery management system 24. After receiving the voltages of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 sampled by the sampling circuit 242, the second controller 241 can control the operation of the second DC-DC converter 22 according to the voltages of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, and interact with the first controller 23 to instruct the first controller 23 to control the first DC-DC converter 21, thereby realizing the alternating operation of the first DC-DC converter 21 and the second DC-DC converter 22, so that the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 achieve voltage balance.

[0151] Understandably, in actual operation, if the voltage difference between the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 is large, especially when the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 are in series, it will cause the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 to experience different pressures during charge and discharge cycles, which will have a significant impact on the power supply efficiency and service life of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292. By using the second controller 241 of the battery management system 24 to coordinately control the alternating operation of the first DC-DC converter 21 and the second DC-DC converter 22 based on the voltage difference between the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, the remaining charge of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 is kept as close as possible during operation. This achieves voltage balance between the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, thereby improving the power supply efficiency of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 and extending their service life.

[0152] In the above embodiment, the sampling circuit 242 samples the voltage of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, enabling the battery management system 24 to control the operation of the second DC-DC converter 22 based on the voltage of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, and to interact with the first controller 23, thereby instructing the first controller 23 to control the first DC-DC converter 21, thereby realizing the alternating operation of the first DC-DC converter 21 and the second DC-DC converter 22, so that the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 achieve voltage balance, improve the power supply efficiency of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292, and extend the service life of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292.

[0153] The following reference Figure 9 This application describes an electrical device 2 and a drive unit 40 according to some embodiments. Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of the electrical device 2 and the drive component 40 provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0154] The drive unit 40 is coupled to a first battery 291 and a second battery 292, which are configured to supply power to the drive unit 40.

[0155] Specifically, the driving component 40 can be a motor. For example, in the case of a vehicle, the driving component 40 can drive the vehicle body to move.

[0156] The first battery 291 and the second battery 292 can supply power to the drive unit 40, thereby enabling the drive unit 40 to operate when energized and thus realize the driving function. Specifically, the power supply process of the first battery 291 and the second battery 292 to the drive unit 40 can be controlled by the power-consuming device 2.

[0157] In the above embodiment, the driving function of the driving component 40 is realized by setting the driving component 40 and powering the driving component 40 by the first battery 291 and the second battery 292.

[0158] The following reference Figure 10 This application describes battery management methods according to some embodiments. Figure 10 This is one of the flowcharts for battery management methods according to some embodiments of this application. The flowcharts for battery management methods according to some embodiments of this application are as follows:

[0159] Step 1002: Control the operation of the second DC-DC converter and interact with the first controller to instruct the first controller to control the operation of the first DC-DC converter so that the first DC-DC converter and the second DC-DC converter operate alternately.

[0160] This application provides a battery management method that controls a first DC-DC converter and a second DC-DC converter to operate alternately, thereby achieving voltage balance between the first battery and the second battery, improving the power supply efficiency of the first battery and the second battery, and extending the service life of the first battery and the second battery.

[0161] The sampling circuit can be used to sample the operating parameters of the first and second batteries, including cell voltage, current, and battery temperature. Specifically, the sampling circuit can be coupled to a second DC-DC converter, enabling the sampling circuit to sample the operating parameters of the first and second batteries based on the second DC-DC converter. In other words, the operating parameters of the first and second batteries are transmitted to the sampling circuit through the second DC-DC converter to achieve the sampling of operating parameters.

[0162] In addition, the sampling circuit is also coupled to the second controller of the battery management system. After receiving the voltages of the first battery and the second battery sampled by the sampling circuit, the second controller can control the operation of the second DC-DC converter and interact with the first controller according to the voltages of the first battery and the second battery, thereby instructing the first controller to control the first DC-DC converter, thereby realizing the alternating operation of the first DC-DC converter and the second DC-DC converter, so that the first battery and the second battery achieve voltage balance.

[0163] Understandably, in actual operation, if the voltage difference between the first and second batteries is significant, especially when they are connected in series, it will cause them to experience different stresses during charge-discharge cycles, significantly impacting their power supply efficiency and lifespan. By using the second controller of the battery management system to coordinate the alternating operation of the first and second DC-DC converters based on the voltage differences between the first and second batteries, the remaining charge of the first and second batteries is kept as close as possible during operation. This achieves voltage balance, thereby improving the power supply efficiency and extending the lifespan of both batteries.

[0164] In the above embodiments, the voltages of the first and second batteries are sampled by the sampling circuit, enabling the battery management system to control the operation of the second DC-DC converter and interact with the first controller based on the voltages of the first and second batteries. This allows the first controller to control the first DC-DC converter, thereby enabling the first and second DC-DC converters to operate alternately. This achieves voltage balance between the first and second batteries, improves the power supply efficiency of the first and second batteries, and extends their service life.

[0165] In some embodiments, the battery management method further includes: when the first battery and the second battery are coupled to an external power source, controlling a switching assembly to switch the series-parallel connection state of the first battery and the second battery according to the charging power of the external power source, so as to charge the first battery and the second battery.

[0166] The external power source can be a charging station. It is understood that different charging stations can have different charging powers. During the charging process of the first and second batteries by the external power source, the battery management system can control the switching components according to the charging power of the external power source to switch the series and parallel connection state of the first and second batteries, thereby improving the charging efficiency of the first and second batteries.

[0167] In some embodiments, controlling the switching assembly to switch the series-parallel connection state of the first battery and the second battery according to the charging power of the external power source to charge the first battery and the second battery includes: when the charging power of the external power source is greater than or equal to a power threshold, controlling the switching assembly to connect the first battery and the second battery in series; when the charging power of the external power source is less than the power threshold, controlling the switching assembly to connect the first battery and the second battery in parallel.

[0168] In this embodiment, when the charging power of the external power source is greater than or equal to the power threshold, the control switch assembly connects the first battery and the second battery in series; when the charging power of the external power source is less than the power threshold, the control switch assembly connects the first battery and the second battery in parallel, thereby matching a faster charging speed for the first battery and the second battery.

[0169] Specifically, when the external power supply has a high charging power, the first battery and the second battery can be connected in series. Conversely, when the external power supply has a low power, the first battery and the second battery can be connected in parallel to achieve the fastest charging speed.

[0170] In some embodiments, the battery management method further includes: controlling the second DC converter to charge the DC power supply when the second DC converter is coupled to the DC power supply.

[0171] Among them, the DC power supply can be an energy storage component installed on the electrical device to store electrical energy, such as a battery.

[0172] The second DC-DC converter can convert the electrical energy of the second battery and transmit the converted electrical energy to the DC power supply to charge the DC power supply.

[0173] Specifically, the second DC-DC converter is controlled by the battery management system. When it is necessary to charge the DC power supply, the battery management system can control the second DC-DC converter to operate, so as to convert the electrical energy of the second battery and deliver it to the DC power supply.

[0174] In the above embodiments, the second DC-DC converter is provided with a second DC converter, and the battery management system is able to operate the second DC converter to deliver the electrical energy of the second battery to the DC power source.

[0175] In some embodiments, the battery management method further includes: controlling the second flyback circuit to supply power to the load when the second flyback circuit is coupled to the load.

[0176] Specifically, the second flyback circuit is controlled by the battery management system. When it is necessary to charge the DC power supply, the battery management system can control the second DC-DC converter to operate, so as to convert the electrical energy of the second battery and deliver it to the DC power supply.

[0177] In the above embodiment, the second DC-DC converter is provided with a second flyback circuit, and the battery management system can operate the second flyback circuit to deliver the electrical energy of the second battery to the load.

[0178] The following reference Figure 11 This application describes battery management methods according to some embodiments. Figure 11 This is a second flowchart of a battery management method according to some embodiments of this application. The flowchart of a battery management method according to some embodiments of this application is as follows:

[0179] Step 1102: Interact with the battery management system and control the operation of the first DC-DC converter according to the information sent by the battery management system, so that the first DC-DC converter and the second DC-DC converter operate alternately to achieve voltage balance between the first battery and the second battery.

[0180] In this embodiment, the electrical device includes a first DC-DC converter and a second DC-DC converter. The first DC-DC converter is coupled to a first battery to convert the electrical energy of the first battery and deliver the converted electrical energy to the electrical device. Correspondingly, the second DC-DC converter is coupled to a second battery to convert the electrical energy of the second battery and deliver the converted electrical energy to the electrical device.

[0181] The first controller is coupled to the first DC-DC converter. Through the first controller, the first DC-DC converter can be controlled, that is, its operating parameters can be controlled to achieve the adjustment of different electrical energy parameters. For example, the first controller can be a digital signal processing chip (DSP).

[0182] In addition, the battery management system is also coupled to the second DC-DC converter. That is, in addition to managing the power of the first and second batteries, the battery management system can also control the second DC-DC converter, thereby realizing the conversion of the power of the second battery through the second DC-DC converter.

[0183] In other words, for the first DC-DC converter, a first controller is set up to control the first DC-DC converter. For the second DC-DC converter, the battery management system can be used for direct control, eliminating the need for a separate controller for the second DC-DC converter. This achieves redundant control of both the first and second batteries, while utilizing the battery management system's control function to control the second DC-DC converter, reducing the need for separate controllers and thus lowering the hardware cost of the electrical device.

[0184] Furthermore, the battery management system is coupled to the first controller, and the battery management system can interact with the first controller to instruct the first controller to control the first DC-DC converter. In this way, the battery management system can coordinate the control of the first and second DC-DC converters based on the operating states of the first and second batteries. That is, because the battery management system can interact with the first controller, it can take into account the operating states of both the first and second batteries and coordinate the control of the first and second DC-DC converters, thereby effectively improving the control efficiency of the first and second DC-DC converters.

[0185] For example, the battery management system and the first controller can interact with each other via the Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol.

[0186] In the above embodiments, for the first battery and the second battery, a first controller controls a first DC-DC converter to convert power from the first battery, and a battery management system controls a second DC-DC converter to convert power from the second battery. This achieves redundant control of the first and second DC-DC converters, ensuring that if either the first or second DC-DC converter fails, the other can continue to operate normally. Simultaneously, the battery management system interacts with the first controller to instruct it to control the first DC-DC converter. The battery management system can coordinate the control of the first and second DC-DC converters based on the operating states of the first and second batteries, thereby effectively improving the control efficiency of the first and second DC-DC converters.

[0187] In some embodiments, the battery management method further includes: controlling the first DC converter to charge the DC power supply when the first DC converter is coupled to the DC power supply.

[0188] Among them, the DC power supply can be an energy storage component installed on the electrical device to store electrical energy, such as a battery.

[0189] The first DC-DC converter can convert the electrical energy of the first battery and transmit the converted electrical energy to the DC power supply to charge the DC power supply.

[0190] Specifically, the first DC converter is controlled by the first controller. When it is necessary to charge the DC power supply, the first controller can control the first DC converter to operate, so as to convert the electrical energy of the first battery and deliver it to the DC power supply.

[0191] In the above embodiments, the first DC-DC converter is provided with a first DC converter, and the first controller is capable of operating the first DC converter to deliver the electrical energy of the first battery to the DC power supply.

[0192] In some embodiments, the battery management method further includes: controlling the first flyback circuit to supply power to the load when the first flyback circuit is coupled to the load.

[0193] Specifically, the first flyback circuit is controlled by the first controller. When it is necessary to supply power to the load, the first controller can control the operation of the first flyback circuit to convert the electrical energy of the first battery and deliver it to the load.

[0194] In the above embodiment, the first DC-DC converter is provided with a first flyback circuit, thereby enabling the first controller to control the operation of the first flyback circuit to deliver the electrical energy of the first battery to the load.

[0195] In this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise expressly defined. The terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "linking" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0196] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. The above are merely some embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An electrically powered device comprising a first battery, a second battery, and a battery management system, characterized in that, The battery management system is coupled to the first battery and the second battery, and the power consuming device further comprises: a first DC-DC converter coupled to the first battery for conversion of input or output of voltage of the first battery; a second DC-DC converter coupled to the second battery for conversion of input or output of voltage of the second battery; a first controller coupled to the first DC-DC converter; the battery management system is further coupled to the first controller and the second DC-DC converter; the battery management system is further configured to control the second DC-DC converter to operate, and interact with the first controller to instruct the first controller to control the first DC-DC converter to operate.

2. The powered device of claim 1, wherein, The battery management system comprises: a second controller coupled to the first controller and the second DC-DC converter, the second controller being configured to control the second DC-DC converter to operate, and interact with the first controller to instruct the first controller to control the first DC-DC converter to operate.

3. The powered device of claim 2, wherein, The battery management system further comprises: a sampling circuit coupled to the second controller and the second DC-DC converter, the sampling circuit being configured to sample voltage of the first battery and the second battery through the second DC-DC converter; the second controller is further configured to control the first DC-DC converter according to the voltage of the first battery and the second battery, and instruct the first controller to control the first DC-DC converter and the second DC-DC converter to operate alternately to achieve voltage balance of the first battery and the second battery.

4. The powered device of claim 2, wherein, The power consuming device further comprises: a switching assembly coupled to the first battery, the second battery and the battery management system, the battery management system being further configured to control the switching assembly to switch series-parallel state of the first battery and the second battery.

5. The powered device of claim 4, wherein, In a case where the first battery and the second battery are coupled to an external power source, the battery management system is further configured to control the switching assembly to switch series-parallel state of the first battery and the second battery according to charging power of the external power source to charge the first battery and the second battery.

6. The power consuming device according to claim 5, wherein the battery management system is further configured to control the switching assembly to form series state of the first battery and the second battery in a case where the charging power of the external power source is greater than or equal to a power threshold, and control the switching assembly to form parallel state of the first battery and the second battery in a case where the charging power of the external power source is less than the power threshold.

7. The powered device of any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein, the switching assembly comprises a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch and a fifth switch; The first switch is coupled to the negative electrode of the first battery and the positive electrode of the second battery, the second switch is coupled to the positive electrode of the first battery and the first DC-DC converter, the third switch is coupled to the positive electrode of the first battery and the positive electrode of the second battery, the fourth switch is coupled to the negative electrode of the second battery and the second DC-DC converter, and the fifth switch is coupled to the negative electrode of the second battery and the negative electrode of the first battery; when the first switch, the second switch and the fourth switch are closed, and the third switch and the fifth switch are open, the first battery and the second battery are in a series connection state; and when the first switch is open, and the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch and the fifth switch are closed, the first battery and the second battery are in a parallel connection state.

8. The powered device of claim 7, wherein, The battery management system is further configured to: control the first switch to be closed and the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch and the fifth switch to be open, so as to charge the second battery, and charge the first battery through the first DC-DC converter; when the voltages of the first battery and the second battery are equal, control the second switch and the fourth switch to be closed, so that the first battery and the second battery form a series connection state.

9. The powered device of any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein, The power consumption device further comprises: a first protector coupled to a first node of the switch assembly and coupled to the first DC-DC converter; a second protector coupled to a second node of the switch assembly and coupled to the second DC-DC converter.

10. The power consumption device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the first DC-DC converter comprises: a first DC converter coupled to a DC power supply, and the first controller is configured to control the first DC converter to charge the DC power supply; the second DC-DC converter comprises: a second DC converter coupled to the DC power supply, and the battery management system is configured to control the second DC converter to charge the DC power supply.

11. The power consumption device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the first DC-DC converter comprises: a first flyback circuit coupled to a load, and the first controller is configured to control the first flyback circuit to supply power to the load; the second DC-DC converter comprises: a second flyback circuit coupled to the load, and the battery management system is configured to control the second flyback circuit to supply power to the load.

12. The powered device of any one of claims 4-6, wherein, further comprising: a charging circuit, an output node of the charging circuit being coupled to the switch assembly, and an input node of the charging circuit being used for coupling to an AC power supply, the charging circuit being configured to charge the first battery and the second battery when the first battery and the second battery are in a series connection state.

13. A battery management system for the electrically powered device of any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that The battery management system comprises: A second controller coupled to the first controller and the second DC-DC converter, the second controller configured to control the second DC-DC converter to operate and interact with the first controller to instruct the first controller to control the first DC-DC converter to operate.

14. The battery management system of claim 13, wherein, Further comprising: A sampling circuit coupled to the second controller and the second DC-DC converter, the sampling circuit configured to sample voltages of the first battery and the second battery through the second DC-DC converter.

15. A battery management method for the battery management system in the electric device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized by, The battery management method comprises: Controlling the second DC-DC converter to operate and interacting with the first controller to instruct the first controller to control the first DC-DC converter to operate, so that the first DC-DC converter and the second DC-DC converter operate alternately.

16. The battery management method of claim 15, wherein, The battery management method further comprises: In the case that the first battery and the second battery are coupled to an external power source, controlling the switching assembly to switch the series-parallel state of the first battery and the second battery according to the charging power of the external power source, so as to charge the first battery and the second battery.

17. The battery management method of claim 16, wherein, The controlling the switching assembly to switch the series-parallel state of the first battery and the second battery according to the charging power of the external power source, so as to charge the first battery and the second battery, comprises: In the case that the charging power of the external power source is greater than or equal to a power threshold, controlling the switching assembly to make the first battery and the second battery form a series state; In the case that the charging power of the external power source is less than the power threshold, controlling the switching assembly to make the first battery and the second battery form a parallel state.

18. The battery management method of any one of claims 15-17, wherein, The battery management method further comprises: In the case that the second DC-DC converter is coupled to a DC power source, controlling the second DC-DC converter to charge the DC power source.

19. The battery management method of any one of claims 15-17, wherein, The battery management method further comprises: In the case that the second flyback circuit is coupled to a load, controlling the second flyback circuit to supply power to the load.

20. A battery management method for the first controller in the electric device of any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized by, The battery management method comprises: Interacting with the battery management system, and according to the information sent by the battery management system, controlling the first DC-DC converter to operate, so that the first DC-DC converter and the second DC-DC converter operate alternately, so as to achieve voltage balance of the first battery and the second battery.

21. The battery management method of claim 20, wherein, The battery management method further comprises: In the case that the first DC-DC converter is coupled to a DC power source, controlling the first DC-DC converter to charge the DC power source.

22. The battery management method of claim 20 or 21, wherein, The battery management method further comprises: In the case that the first flyback circuit is coupled to a load, controlling the first flyback circuit to supply power to the load.

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