Opening and closing type energy transmission device for rotary ultrasonic machining

Abstract

The invention discloses an open-close type energy transmission device for rotary ultrasonic machining, which comprises a vertical lifting mechanism, and the vertical lifting mechanism is mounted on the end face of a machine tool spindle; the translation opening and closing mechanism is mounted below the vertical lifting mechanism; the ultrasonic energy transmission unit is arranged at the front end of the translation opening and closing mechanism; according to the opening and closing type ultrasonic energy transmission device, before tool changing, the vertical lifting mechanism is lifted upwards, and then the translation opening and closing mechanism drives the ultrasonic energy transmission unit to be opened and translate backwards; after the knife handle is replaced, the translation opening and closing mechanism translates forwards and drives the ultrasonic energy transmission unit to be closed, and the vertical lifting mechanism moves downwards and drives the ultrasonic energy transmission unit to be close to the ultrasonic energy receiving end of the ultrasonic knife handle. According to the invention, the transmission capability of ultrasonic energy can be improved while the automatic tool changing of the tool holder is ensured, and the automation level, the machining quality and the machining efficiency of ultrasonic machining are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ultrasonic processing technology, and specifically relates to an openable ultrasonic energy transmission device for rotary ultrasonic processing. Background Technology

[0002] Rotary ultrasonic machining is an advanced machining technology that uses ultrasonic vibrations applied to a rotating tool to alter the spatiotemporal position and interaction between the tool and the material, thereby achieving high-quality and efficient material removal. Rotary ultrasonic machining is characterized by low cutting force, high material removal rate, and minimal cutting heat and tool wear. It is widely used in the machining of hard and brittle materials such as engineering ceramics and optical glass, as well as difficult-to-machine materials such as particle and fiber-reinforced composites.

[0003] Ultrasonic energy transmission is the core of rotary ultrasonic machining technology. In the rotary ultrasonic machining process, the traditional carbon brush-conductive slip ring contact-type power transmission method is prone to arcing and carbon buildup when the ultrasonic tool holder rotates at high speed. The carbon brushes also suffer from severe wear, limited service life, and low safety and reliability.

[0004] To ensure reliable ultrasonic energy transfer during high-speed rotary machining and avoid phenomena such as carbon buildup and arcing associated with contact-based transmission, non-contact ultrasonic energy transfer methods are commonly employed. Non-contact ultrasonic energy transfer devices are categorized into full-ring and semi-ring types based on whether they meet automatic tool changing requirements. The former offers high ultrasonic energy transfer efficiency, but mechanical interference during automatic tool changing reduces machining efficiency. The latter can meet automatic tool changing requirements, but its power transmission and energy transfer efficiency are limited.

[0005] Existing patent document CN105171131A discloses a rotary ultrasonic machining device based on non-contact energy transmission. This technology employs a primary side assembly fixed to the lower end of the spindle and a secondary side assembly sleeved on the tool holder. This device lacks an active opening and closing function, requiring adjustment of the machine tool spindle position to avoid the primary side assembly during tool changes, resulting in a long time consumption for each tool change. Existing patent document CN108418315B discloses a non-contact rotary ultrasonic machining energy transmission and feedback signal acquisition device. The fixed end adopts a dual-coil design of energy transmission unit and feedback signal acquisition unit, with the magnetic core having a can-shaped or arc-shaped cut structure. In this device, the magnetic core and coil are fixedly installed and cannot be actively opened and closed.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a device that can actively open and close, while also taking into account tool changing avoidance and efficient energy transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention discloses an openable energy transmission device for rotary ultrasonic machining, which avoids interference between the tool changing arm and the ring-shaped energy transmission unit, while improving the transmission power and efficiency of ultrasonic energy. Firstly, this invention enables automatic tool changing and obstacle avoidance in the full-ring ultrasonic energy transmission device, offering advantages of high transmission efficiency and high machining efficiency. Secondly, it allows for automatic adjustment of the device's axial distance via a linear motor, improving the level of automation.

[0008] The technical means employed in this invention are as follows: An openable energy transmission device for rotary ultrasonic machining, mounted on the end face of a machine tool spindle, includes: A vertical lifting mechanism is installed on the end face of the machine tool spindle; a translational opening and closing mechanism is installed below the vertical lifting mechanism; and an opening and closing ultrasonic energy transmission unit is located at the front end of the translational opening and closing mechanism. Before tool changing, the vertical lifting mechanism is raised upwards, and the translational opening and closing mechanism drives the ultrasonic energy transmission unit to open and move backwards. After tool changing, the translational opening and closing mechanism moves forwards and drives the ultrasonic energy transmission unit to close, while the vertical lifting mechanism moves downwards, bringing the ultrasonic energy transmission unit closer to the ultrasonic energy receiving end of the ultrasonic tool holder.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper end of the vertical lifting mechanism is close to the machine tool spindle and has multiple holes; its lower end is close to the translation opening and closing mechanism and has multiple holes; the top of the translation opening and closing mechanism has a T-slot, and a T-nut is disposed in the T-slot; each hole of the vertical lifting mechanism is connected to the translation opening and closing mechanism by screws engaging with the T-nut.

[0010] Further, the translational opening and closing mechanism includes: a front rod, which is fitted into a hole at the front end of the mechanism base; a gear connecting rod, which is fitted into a hole at the rear end of the mechanism base; a sickle-shaped rod, the middle hole of which is connected to the front rod, and the rear hole of which is connected to the gear connecting rod; a drive motor, which is fixedly installed at the rear end of the mechanism base; and a transmission gear, which is disposed in a hole in the mechanism base behind one end of the gear connecting rod, the upper part of which meshes with the gear connecting rod, and the lower part of which meshes with a gear on the drive motor shaft. The front rod, the gear connecting rod, and the sickle-shaped rod together with the mechanism base constitute a planar four-bar linkage.

[0011] Furthermore, the opening and closing ultrasonic energy transmission unit includes: a magnetic core, which is assembled at the front of the translational opening and closing mechanism; and a coil, which is a fully wound structure and is assembled inside the magnetic core.

[0012] Furthermore, the planar four-bar linkage must satisfy the following condition: the sum of the lengths of its shortest and longest bars must not exceed the sum of the lengths of the other two bars. To ensure that the base, front rod, and sickle-shaped rod extension are collinear, the angle calculation formula for the sickle-shaped rod is as follows: ,in, a , b , c , d These represent the distance between the front and rear holes of the base, the length of the gear connecting rod, the length of the front rod, and the length of the sickle-shaped rod, respectively. θ The bend angle of the sickle-shaped lever is designed; to ensure the handle passes smoothly during tool changes, the installation spacing of the upper and lower four-bar linkages needs to be limited, as follows:

[0013] in: The rotation angle of the gear connecting rod. The installation spacing between the upper and lower four-bar linkages. This is the minimum distance required for the tool holder to pass smoothly, and its value must be greater than the diameter of the tool holder.

[0014] Furthermore, the front rod and the gear connecting rod are each provided with multiple through-holes along their respective lengths, and both the front rod and the gear connecting rod are provided with recessed tenon grooves for inserting and assembling the matching outer shell; sealing strips are affixed to the corresponding mounting surfaces of the mechanism base and the mechanism top cover, and when the mechanism is in the closed state, the outer shell and the sealing strip form a tight fit to achieve a waterproof sealing effect.

[0015] Furthermore, the transmission gear includes: a cylindrical gear, the cylindrical gear having a through transmission connection structure with a keyway or the like at its center; a bevel gear, the bevel gear having a through transmission connection structure with a keyway or the like at its center; and a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft being a stepped shaft structure, having a key connection portion adapted to the cylindrical gear at its upper part, a shoulder for axially limiting the cylindrical gear in its middle part, and a key connection portion adapted to the bevel gear at its lower part.

[0016] Furthermore, the front end of the sickle-shaped rod is designed as a semi-circular arc structure, and the magnetic core is assembled in the groove of the sickle-shaped rod; mounting holes are respectively opened at the middle and rear ends of the rod body, and the rod is connected to the front rod and the gear connecting rod through the mounting holes.

[0017] During tool changing, the drive motor controls the translational opening and closing mechanism to open, and the vertical lifting mechanism drives the device to rise; after the tool changing is completed, the vertical lifting mechanism drives the device to descend, controlling the distance between the device and the tool holder to be 0.1~2mm, and then the drive motor controls the translational opening and closing mechanism to close to form an ultrasonic energy transmission device.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. This invention provides clearance for automatic tool changing from a structural perspective through the cooperation of a vertical lifting mechanism and a translational opening and closing mechanism. The upper end of the vertical lifting mechanism is fixed to the end face of the machine tool spindle, and the lower end is rigidly connected to the translational opening and closing mechanism through a T-slot and a T-nut. Before tool changing, the vertical lifting mechanism is raised axially, simultaneously driving the translational opening and closing mechanism to move upward as a whole. The four-bar linkage inside the translational opening and closing mechanism, consisting of the front rod, gear connecting rod, sickle-shaped rod, and mechanism base plane, is driven by the drive motor and transmission gear to open the sickle-shaped rod outward and move it backward, so that the opening and closing ultrasonic energy transmission unit is removed from the tool holder path, reserving sufficient space for the robot to change tools. After tool changing is completed, the translational opening and closing mechanism moves in the opposite direction, the sickle-shaped rod moves forward and closes, and the vertical lifting mechanism moves downward and resets. The entire process does not require adjustment of the machine tool spindle position or disassembly of the energy transmission device, and is fully adapted to the automatic tool changing process of the tool holder, avoiding the interference problem of adjusting the spindle or disassembling the device required for tool changing in the prior art.

[0019] 2. The magnetic core of the opening and closing ultrasonic energy transmission unit of the present invention is embedded in the semi-circular groove at the front end of the sickle-shaped rod, and the coil is a complete wound structure and embedded in the inner ring groove of the magnetic core. When the translational opening and closing mechanism is closed, the magnetic cores of the two sickle-shaped rods are spliced ​​to form a complete ring magnetic circuit, and the coil synchronously forms a closed transmission loop. Compared with the design of semi-ring magnetic core and fixed split coil in the prior art, the complete ring magnetic circuit can reduce the leakage of magnetic field lines and avoid energy loss caused by magnetic circuit breakage. At the same time, the vertical lifting mechanism can finely adjust the distance between the energy transmission unit and the ultrasonic knife handle receiving end to ensure that the two are always at the optimal coupling distance, further ensuring the stability of ultrasonic energy transmission and providing continuous and uniform energy support for ultrasonic vibration.

[0020] In summary, this invention ensures consistent processing quality through energy transmission stability and environmental adaptability design. On the one hand, the complete annular magnetic circuit and optimal spacing control ensure stable ultrasonic energy transmission, avoiding uneven ultrasonic vibration amplitude caused by energy fluctuations, thereby reducing tool cutting force fluctuations and ensuring the flatness and precision of the workpiece surface. On the other hand, the front rod and gear connecting rod of the translation opening and closing mechanism are provided with concave tenon grooves, and the mounting surfaces of the mechanism base and top cover are glued with sealing strips. When closed, the outer shell and sealing strips fit tightly, which can resist cutting fluid splashing and dust intrusion, prevent the energy transmission unit from malfunctioning due to contamination or corrosion, ensure the continuity and stability of the ultrasonic processing process, and reduce processing defects caused by equipment failure. In terms of tool changing efficiency, the combined use of the vertical lifting mechanism and the translational opening and closing mechanism eliminates the need to adjust the machine tool spindle position or disassemble the energy transmission device as required by existing technologies. The tool changing process only requires the mechanism itself to move to avoid and reset, significantly reducing tool changing preparation time. In terms of machining efficiency, the complete magnetic circuit design of the opening and closing ultrasonic energy transmission unit avoids insufficient machining power caused by energy loss, ensuring that ultrasonic vibration is always in a high-efficiency working state and reducing machining stagnation caused by insufficient energy. At the same time, automated operation reduces the waiting time for manual operation, further improving overall machining efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an openable energy transmission device for rotary ultrasonic processing proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the axial ultrasonic power transmission device in its closed working state.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a four-bar linkage structure.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a simplified diagram illustrating the geometric positional relationship of a four-bar linkage when it is closed.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a simplified diagram illustrating the geometric positional relationships of a four-bar linkage when it is open. In the diagram, a, b, c, and d represent the distance between the front and rear holes of the base, the length of the gear connecting rod, the length of the front rod, and the length of the sickle-shaped rod, respectively. θ The bend angle is designed for the sickle-shaped pole. α This represents the rotation angle of the gear connecting rod; l1 represents the installation spacing between the upper and lower four-bar linkages. l 2 is the minimum distance for the tool holder to pass smoothly, and its value must be greater than the diameter of the tool holder.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the power transmission method of the device.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission gears.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a mortise and tenon structure shell.

[0029] Figure 9 In another embodiment of the present invention, a radial ultrasonic power transmission device is described.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Coil; 2. Sickle-shaped rod; 3. Magnetic core; 4. Front rod; 5. Front shell; 6. Gear connecting rod; 7. Top cover; 8. Linear motor; 9. T-nut; 10. Side shell; 11. Base; 12. Rear fixing plate; 13. Drive motor; 14. Drive gear; 15. Transmission gear. Detailed Implementation

[0031] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0034] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0036] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation besides the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, a device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0037] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0038] like Figures 1-8As shown in the figure, this invention discloses an opening and closing energy transmission device for rotary ultrasonic machining, comprising: a vertical lifting mechanism mounted on the end face of a machine tool spindle (in this embodiment, the vertical lifting mechanism includes a linear motor 8); a translational opening and closing mechanism mounted below the vertical lifting mechanism; and an opening and closing ultrasonic energy transmission unit located at the front end of the translational opening and closing mechanism. Before tool changing, the vertical lifting mechanism is raised upwards, and the translational opening and closing mechanism drives the ultrasonic energy transmission unit to open and move backwards. After tool changing, the translational opening and closing mechanism moves forwards and drives the ultrasonic energy transmission unit to close, while the vertical lifting mechanism moves downwards, bringing the ultrasonic energy transmission unit closer to the ultrasonic energy receiving end of the ultrasonic tool holder. The distance between the device and the tool holder is controlled within 0.1~2 mm.

[0039] Furthermore, the upper end of the vertical lifting mechanism is close to the machine tool spindle and has multiple holes; the lower end is close to the translation opening and closing mechanism and has multiple holes; the top of the translation opening and closing mechanism has a T-slot, and a T-nut 9 is disposed in the T-slot. Each hole of the vertical lifting mechanism is connected to the translation opening and closing mechanism by screws, so as to ensure stable transmission of lifting action.

[0040] Further, the translational opening and closing mechanism includes: a front rod 4, which is fitted into a hole at the front end of the base 11; a gear connecting rod 6, which is fitted into a hole at the rear end of the base 11; a sickle-shaped rod 2, the middle hole of which is connected to the front rod 4, and the rear hole of which is connected to the gear connecting rod 6; a drive motor 13, which is fixedly installed at the rear end of the base 11; and a transmission gear 15, which is disposed at a hole in the base 11 behind the gear connecting rod 6 at one end, with its upper part meshing with the gear connecting rod 6 and its lower part meshing with the drive gear 14 on the shaft of the drive motor 13. The front rod 4, the gear connecting rod 6, and the sickle-shaped rod 2 together with the base 11 form a planar four-bar linkage.

[0041] Furthermore, the opening and closing ultrasonic energy transmission unit includes: a magnetic core 3, which is assembled in the front part of the translational opening and closing mechanism, specifically in the semi-circular groove at the front end of the sickle-shaped rod 2; and a coil 1, which is a complete winding structure and is assembled inside the magnetic core 3.

[0042] Furthermore, the planar four-bar linkage must satisfy the following condition: the sum of the lengths of its shortest and longest bars must not exceed the sum of the lengths of the other two bars. To ensure that the base 11, the front rod 4, and the extended portion of the sickle-shaped rod 2 are collinear, the angle calculation formula for the sickle-shaped rod 2 is as follows: Where a, b, c, and d represent the distance between the front and rear holes of base 11, the length of gear connecting rod 6, the length of front rod 4, and the length of sickle-shaped rod 2, respectively; θ is the bending design angle of sickle-shaped rod 2; to ensure that the handle passes smoothly during tool changing, the installation distance between the upper and lower four-bar linkages needs to be limited as follows: in: The rotation angle of gear connecting rod 6. The installation spacing between the upper and lower four-bar linkages. This is the minimum distance required for the tool holder to pass smoothly, and its value must be greater than the diameter of the tool holder.

[0043] Furthermore, the front rod 4 and the gear connecting rod 6 are each provided with multiple through-type connecting holes along their respective length directions, and the front rod 4 and the gear connecting rod 6 are each provided with a mortise and tenon groove with an inward structure. The mortise and tenon groove is used for the fitting front shell 5 and side shell 10 to be inserted and assembled. Sealing strips are attached to the corresponding mounting surfaces of the base 11 and the top cover 7. The rear fixing plate 12 has both support and overall sealing functions. In this embodiment, it is connected to the top cover 7 and the base 11 by nuts.

[0044] When the mechanism is in the closed state, the front shell 5, the side shell 10 and the sealing strip form a tight fit to achieve a waterproof sealing effect.

[0045] Furthermore, the transmission gear 15 includes: a cylindrical gear (the upper structure of the transmission gear 15), the cylindrical gear having a through transmission connection structure with a keyway or the like at its center; a bevel gear (the lower structure of the transmission gear 15), the bevel gear having a through transmission connection structure with a keyway or the like at its center; and a transmission shaft (the middle structure of the transmission gear 15), the transmission shaft being a stepped shaft structure, having a key connection portion adapted to the cylindrical gear at its upper part, a shoulder for axially limiting the cylindrical gear in its middle part, and a key connection portion adapted to the bevel gear at its lower part.

[0046] Furthermore, the front end of the sickle-shaped rod 2 is designed as a semi-circular arc structure, and the magnetic core 3 is assembled in the groove of the sickle-shaped rod 2; mounting holes are respectively opened at the middle end and the rear end of the rod body, and the rod is connected to the front rod 4 and the gear connecting rod 6 through the mounting holes.

[0047] During tool changing, the drive motor 13 controls the translational opening and closing mechanism to open, and the vertical lifting mechanism drives the device to rise; after the tool changing is completed, the vertical lifting mechanism drives the device to descend, controlling the distance between the device and the tool holder to be 0.1~2mm, and then the drive motor 13 controls the translational opening and closing mechanism to close to form an ultrasonic energy transmission device.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, in the translational opening and closing mechanism, the front rod, gear connecting rod, and sickle-shaped rod are all hinged to the mechanism base, and the above components together form a planar four-bar linkage.

[0049] like Figure 4 As shown, parameters such as the length of the links can be optimized based on the three conditions that the planar four-bar linkage in the rotary ultrasonic processing energy transmission device must meet: the sum of the lengths of the shortest and longest links must not exceed the sum of the lengths of the other two links; the base, the front link, and the extension of the sickle-shaped link must be collinear; when the gear connecting rod rotates a certain angle, the vertical spacing of the front link must be... Larger than the minimum distance for the tool holder to pass smoothly As described in the following formula: in, a , b , c , d These represent the distance between the front and rear holes of the base, the length of the gear connecting rod, the length of the front rod, and the length of the sickle-shaped rod, respectively. θ The bend angle is designed for the sickle-shaped pole. α This is the rotation angle of the gear connecting rod, which is taken as 45° here; l 1 represents the installation spacing between the upper and lower four-bar linkages. l 2 is the minimum distance for the tool holder to pass smoothly, and its value must be greater than the diameter of the tool holder.

[0050] In this embodiment, take a =30 mm, b = c = d =50 mm, l 2 = 100 mm, easily proven a+b<c+d The calculation yields: θ= 143°, 0≤ l 1≤30mm, therefore in this embodiment, we take l2 = 25 mm. The core logic for the optimal combination of dimensional parameters in other embodiments is consistent with the key dimension optimization method described above, and its specific steps and details will not be repeated here. The four-bar structure of the present invention directly ensures that the mechanism has a continuously rotating crank, and the sickle-shaped rod 2 moves smoothly during tool changing, improving the overall processing efficiency. Through the sickle-shaped rod angle formula, it is ensured that the magnetic core 3 is spliced ​​into a complete ring when closed, reducing the leakage magnetic rate. Combined with the complete coil 1, the energy transmission efficiency is significantly improved.

[0051] like Figure 6 As shown, the power output from the power source is first transmitted to the driving gear by the drive motor. That is, the drive motor drives the bevel gear to rotate, which in turn drives the cylindrical gear to rotate. The driving gear meshes with the lower end of the driven gear and transmits the power to the upper end of the driven gear through the transmission shaft, and then to the input end of the gear linkage. Finally, the linkage mechanism completes the motion conversion, transforming the rotational motion into the opening and closing motion required by the actuator.

[0052] like Figure 7 As shown, the transmission gears include: a cylindrical gear with a through-type keyway and other transmission connection structure at its center; a bevel gear with a through-type keyway and other transmission connection structure at its center; and a transmission shaft, which is a stepped shaft structure. The upper part of the transmission shaft has a keyed connection portion adapted to the cylindrical gear, the middle part has a shoulder for axially limiting the cylindrical gear, and the lower part has a keyed connection portion adapted to the bevel gear. The stepped shaft structure of the transmission shaft can achieve axial limiting, preventing gear movement during transmission and ensuring long-term stable meshing accuracy.

[0053] like Figure 8 As shown, the front shell and the front rod, and the side shell and the gear connecting rod respectively form a mortise and tenon connection structure. When the translation opening and closing mechanism is closed, the front shell and the side shell rotate and splice with the gear to achieve the closure and sealing of the device shell.

[0054] like Figure 9 As shown, one additional embodiment is listed here for reference. It should be noted that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention and does not cover all the embodiments of the present invention.

[0055] The coil adopts a fully wound structure and is assembled inside the magnetic core; the magnetic core is assembled at the front of the translational opening and closing mechanism. During installation, it is necessary to ensure that the coil is assembled in place and completely sealed inside the magnetic core.

[0056] It should be noted that the specific models and specifications of the linear motor and drive motor in the vertical lifting mechanism need to be selected and determined according to the actual specifications of the device, and the specific selection calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An open-close energy transmission device for rotary ultrasonic machining, characterized by, Be installed in lathe main shaft end face, including, Vertical lifting mechanism, the vertical lifting mechanism is installed in lathe main shaft end face; Translation open-close mechanism, the translation open-close mechanism is installed below vertical lifting mechanism; Open-close type ultrasonic energy transmission unit, the open-close type ultrasonic energy transmission unit is located in the front end of translation open-close mechanism; Wherein, the open-close type ultrasonic energy transmission device before tool changing, the vertical lifting mechanism is lifted upward, the translation open-close mechanism drives ultrasonic energy transmission unit to open and translate backward;After the tool handle is changed, the translation open-close mechanism is translated forward and drives the ultrasonic energy transmission unit to close, the vertical lifting mechanism moves downward, and drives the ultrasonic energy transmission unit to be close to the ultrasonic energy receiving end of the ultrasonic tool handle.

2. The open / close energy transmission device for rotary ultrasonic machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the vertical lifting mechanism is close to the lathe main shaft, and a plurality of hole positions are opened, the lower end is close to the translation open-close mechanism, and a plurality of hole positions are opened, the top of the translation open-close mechanism is provided with a T-shaped groove, a T-shaped nut is arranged in the T-shaped groove, and each hole position of the vertical lifting mechanism is matched with the T-shaped nut through screws to realize the connection with the translation open-close mechanism.

3. The open / close energy transmission device for rotary ultrasonic machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The translation open-close mechanism includes: Front rod, the front rod is assembled in the hole position of the front end of mechanism base; Gear connecting rod, the gear connecting rod is assembled in the hole position of the rear end of mechanism base; Sickle-shaped rod, the middle hole position of the sickle-shaped rod is connected with the front rod, and the rear end hole position is connected with the gear connecting rod; Driving motor, the driving motor is fixedly installed at the last side of mechanism base; Transmission gear, the transmission gear is arranged at the hole position of the mechanism base behind the gear connecting rod at one end, the upper part is engaged with the gear connecting rod, and the lower part is engaged with the gear on the shaft of the driving motor; Wherein, the front rod, the gear connecting rod and the sickle-shaped rod constitute a planar four-bar mechanism with the mechanism base.

4. The open / close energy transmission device for rotary ultrasonic machining according to claim 1, characterized by The open-close type ultrasonic energy transmission unit includes: Magnetic core, the magnetic core is assembled in the front of the translation open-close mechanism; Coil, the coil is a complete winding structure and is assembled in the magnetic core.

5. The open / close energy transmission device for rotary ultrasonic machining according to claim 3, characterized in that, The planar four-bar mechanism needs to meet: The sum of the lengths of the shortest rod and the longest rod should not be greater than the sum of the lengths of the other two rods: In order to ensure that the mechanism base, the front rod and the extension part of the sickle-shaped rod are collinear, the inclination calculation formula of the sickle-shaped rod is as follows: wherein, a , b , c , d respectively represent the front and rear end hole spacing of the mechanism base, the gear connecting rod length, the front rod length and the length of the sickle-shaped rod body; The front rod and the gear connecting rod are provided with a plurality of through connection holes along the length direction, and the front rod and the gear connecting rod are provided with mortise and tenon grooves with inner recess structure, the mortise and tenon grooves are used for inserting and assembling the matched shell;The corresponding assembly surfaces of the mechanism base and the mechanism top cover are pasted with sealing strips, when the mechanism is in the closed state, the shell and the sealing strip form a close fit to realize the waterproof sealing effect. is the bending design angle of the sickle-shaped rod. In order to ensure that the handle passes smoothly, the installation spacing of the upper and lower four-bar mechanisms needs to be limited, as follows: Wherein, α is the gear connecting rod rotation angle; l 1 is the installation spacing of the upper and lower four-bar mechanisms, l 2 is the minimum spacing for the tool holder to pass smoothly, which should be greater than the diameter of the tool holder.

6. The open / close energy transmission device for rotary ultrasonic machining according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transmission gear includes:

7. The open / close energy transmission device for rotary ultrasonic machining according to claim 3, characterized by Cylindrical gear, the cylindrical gear is provided with a through transmission connection structure with key groove in the center; Bevel gear, the bevel gear is provided with a through transmission connection structure with key groove in the center; ​ The transmission shaft is a stepped shaft structure, the upper part of which is provided with a key connection part matched with the cylindrical gear, the middle part of which is provided with a shaft shoulder for axially limiting the cylindrical gear, and the lower part of which is provided with a key connection part matched with the bevel gear.

8. The open / close energy transmission device for rotary ultrasonic machining according to claim 3, characterized in that, The front end of the sickle-shaped rod is a semicircular arc structure, and the magnetic core is assembled in the groove part of the sickle-shaped rod; the middle end and the rear end of the rod body are respectively provided with mounting holes, and the front rod and the gear connecting rod are connected through the mounting holes; When changing the tool, the driving motor controls the translational opening and closing mechanism to open, and the vertical lifting mechanism drives the device to lift; After the tool changing is completed, the vertical lifting mechanism drives the device to descend, and the distance between the device and the tool handle is controlled to be 0.1-2 mm, and then the driving motor controls the translational opening and closing mechanism to close to form an ultrasonic energy transmission device.

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