A tunnel building bulldozer

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of land levelers, and specifically discloses a land leveler for tunnel construction, which comprises a suspension frame, a machine table, a gearbox, a fixed disc and a spiral conveying dragon, the rear end of the suspension frame is fixedly connected with the fixed disc, a corner mechanism is arranged above the fixed disc, the lower end of the corner mechanism is connected with the machine table, a fixed baffle is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the front end of the machine table, the gearbox is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fixed baffle, a land leveling shovel plate is fixedly installed below the outer wall of the fixed baffle, connecting seats are symmetrically installed at both ends of the outer wall of the fixed baffle, a rectangular frame is jointly installed below two groups of the connecting seats at the same end, the rectangular frame is connected with a sliding seat through a transverse movement mechanism arranged in the rectangular frame, and a soil adjusting mechanism is arranged below the sliding seat. When the land leveler is used for land leveling in a tunnel, the land leveling and soil supplementing integrated operation can be completed, the tunnel ground flatness and operation efficiency are improved, and the land leveler is suitable for complex scenes in tunnels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of grader technology, and specifically discloses a grader for tunnel construction. Background Technology

[0002] During the intervals between tunnel excavation, support, and subsequent pavement structure construction, the flatness of the ground in the tunnel's transport channels and work platforms is crucial, directly affecting the safe passage of machinery, construction efficiency, and the progress of subsequent procedures. However, the ground environment inside a tunnel differs significantly from that of an open-pit or conventional industrial and mining site, exhibiting unique complexity and harshness.

[0003] First, the tunnel surface is typically formed by the repeated compaction of a mixture of materials, including blast debris, rebound material from the initial shotcrete support, mud and cement slurry dripping from vehicles, and silt brought in by groundwater seepage. This surface exhibits highly uneven physical characteristics: on the one hand, scattered, soft materials form local depressions and pits under compaction; on the other hand, spilled concrete slurry, cement slurry, soil, and gravel mix, and under the compaction of vehicles and natural air drying, form high-strength, highly viscous concrete-mud mixture slabs or hard lumps. These slabs contain a large amount of aggregate, are highly hard, and are tightly bonded to the underlying surface.

[0004] Currently, leveling operations inside tunnels mostly rely on general-purpose graders or manual assistance. However, traditional graders are primarily designed for relatively homogeneous sand or stabilized soil layers in earthwork projects, and their blades have significant limitations when facing the special surface conditions of tunnels.

[0005] Because the ground contains both lumps and potholes, traditional graders can only flatten the raised, soft parts after one leveling operation, but are ineffective against lumps and cannot fill deep potholes. Even if the lumps are pushed up, they cannot meet the requirements for leveling the ground.

[0006] To achieve the required flatness, operators had to perform repeated and multiple leveling operations, which severely impacted the construction progress.

[0007] Therefore, this invention proposes a grader for tunnel construction to solve the above-mentioned defects. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the background art, and to propose a grader for tunnel construction, including a suspension frame, a machine platform, a gearbox, a fixed plate, and a spiral conveyor auger. The rear end of the suspension frame is fixedly connected to the fixed plate. A corner mechanism is provided above the fixed plate. The lower end of the corner mechanism is connected to the machine platform. A fixed baffle is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the front end of the machine platform. The gearbox is fixedly installed in the middle of the outer wall of the fixed baffle. A leveling shovel is fixedly installed below the outer wall of the fixed baffle. Connecting seats are symmetrically installed at both ends of the outer wall of the fixed baffle. A rectangular frame is installed below the two sets of connecting seats at the same end. The rectangular frame is connected to a sliding block through an internal transverse mechanism. A soil adjusting mechanism is provided below the sliding block. An arc-shaped shell is fixedly installed below the rectangular frame. A rectangular groove adapted to the sliding of the sliding block is opened on the upper part of the arc-shaped shell. A rotating cylinder is rotatably installed inside the arc-shaped shell. The shafts of the rotating cylinders at both ends are connected to the output end of the gearbox through universal drive shafts.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the corner mechanism further includes stabilizing frames symmetrically installed on the upper surface of the fixed disk, and a support base is connected above the two sets of stabilizing frames. A first motor is fixedly installed above the support base, and a rotating shaft is fixedly installed at the output end of the first motor. A meshing mechanism is provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the meshing mechanism further includes a reinforcing shaft fixedly installed at the lower end of the rotating shaft, the reinforcing shaft extending below the fixed disk and having a toothed disk connected to its end.

[0011] In the above technical solution, hydraulic rods are fixedly installed inside both sets of stabilizers, and mounting plates are sleeved on the outside of the telescopic ends of the two sets of hydraulic rods. A toothed plate is fixedly installed at the lower end of the mounting plate.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the transverse mechanism further includes a second motor fixedly installed on the outer wall of one end of the rectangular frame, a screw fixedly installed at the output end of the second motor, the screw being rotatably installed inside the rectangular frame, the screw being threadedly engaged with the slide block, and the slide block slidingly fitting against the inside of the rectangular frame.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the soil adjusting mechanism further includes a soil adjusting pipe fixedly installed below the slide block. A soil inlet is provided on the circumferential side wall of the soil adjusting pipe near the rectangular frame. A spiral conveying auger is installed inside the soil adjusting pipe. One end of the drive shaft of the spiral conveying auger extends to the outside of the soil adjusting pipe and is connected to the output shaft of a third motor through a coupling. The third motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the end of the soil adjusting pipe. A soil outlet cylinder is connected to the bottom of the soil adjusting pipe at the end away from the rectangular frame.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the rectangular frame is further provided with a sliding groove at the front end to accommodate the sliding of the soil adjusting pipe, and an inclined plate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the arc-shaped shell near the front end of the rectangular frame. An inclined support plate is fixedly installed on the lower part of the outer wall of the arc-shaped shell near the inclined plate.

[0015] In the above technical solution, further, crushing discs are installed at equal intervals along the circumference on the outer surface of the rotating drum, and a positioning wheel is installed below the outer wall of the soil adjusting pipe, the positioning wheel rolling on the outer surface of the inclined support plate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The device uses high-speed rotating crushing discs outside the drum to quickly break up hard lumps inside the tunnel. The crushed material is mixed with the loose soil and leveled in one go by the leveling shovel, eliminating the need for repeated operations, greatly shortening the construction cycle and improving the leveling efficiency.

[0018] 2. The soil mixing mechanism can collect the crushed mixed soil and accurately transport it to the pitted areas on the tunnel floor via a spiral conveyor auger. The soil is then discharged and filled through the excavation cylinder, avoiding local depressions caused by simple leveling. This significantly reduces the error in the flatness of the ground, meeting the requirements for the passage of mechanical equipment and subsequent construction.

[0019] 3. The angle of operation of the machine and the leveling blade can be adjusted by the corner mechanism to adapt to the leveling needs of special areas such as near the tunnel sidewall and corners. The lateral movement mechanism drives the soil adjusting pipe to move laterally, expanding the soil covering range. There is no need to frequently adjust the position of the whole machine, which improves the flexibility and convenience of operation.

[0020] 4. The inclined brace plate and positioning wheel work together to provide stable support for the soil adjusting pipe, preventing the soil adjusting pipe from shifting due to uneven tunnel ground during operation; the stabilizing frame and hydraulic rod work together to enhance the locking effect of the corner mechanism, ensuring the stability of the whole machine structure during leveling and breaking, adapting to the heavy working environment in tunnels, and reducing the risk of equipment failure. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is another schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the rotating drum and the crushing plate of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the rectangular frame, the arc-shaped shell, the transverse movement mechanism, and the soil adjusting mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the rectangular frame and the transverse mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure connection of the corner mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the inner part of the soil adjusting pipe of the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Suspension frame; 2. Machine base; 3. Gearbox; 4. Support seat; 5. First motor; 6. Hydraulic rod; 7. Connecting seat; 8. Rectangular frame; 9. Soil adjusting pipe; 10. Fixed baffle; 11. Second motor; 12. Leveling shovel; 13. Soil discharge cylinder; 14. Arc-shaped shell; 15. Rotary drum; 16. Crushing disc; 17. Positioning wheel; 18. Diagonal brace; 19. Slide groove; 20. Slide seat; 21. Soil inlet; 22. Screw; 23. Stabilizing frame; 24. Fixed disc; 25. Gear disc; 26. Reinforcing shaft; 27. Rotating shaft; 28. Gear clamping plate; 29. ​​Mounting plate; 30. Screw conveyor auger; 31. Third motor; 32. Inclined plate. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] like Figures 1-7 The tunnel construction grader shown includes a suspension frame 1, a machine platform 2, a gearbox 3, a fixed plate 24, and a screw conveyor 30. The rear end of the suspension frame 1 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 24. A corner mechanism is provided above the fixed plate 24, and the lower end of the corner mechanism is connected to the machine platform 2. A fixed baffle 10 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the front end of the machine platform 2. The gearbox 3 is fixedly installed in the middle of the outer wall of the fixed baffle 10. A leveling shovel 12 is fixedly installed below the outer wall of the fixed baffle 10. Connecting seats 7 are symmetrically installed at both ends of the outer wall of the fixed baffle 10. A rectangular frame 8 is installed below the two sets of connecting seats 7 at the same end. The rectangular frame 8 is connected to a slide 20 through a transverse sliding mechanism. A soil adjusting mechanism is provided below the slide 20. An arc-shaped shell 14 is fixedly installed below the rectangular frame 8. A rectangular groove adapted to the sliding of the slide 20 is opened on the upper part of the arc-shaped shell 14. A rotating cylinder 15 is rotatably installed inside the arc-shaped shell 14. The shafts of the rotating cylinders 15 at both ends are connected to the output end of the gearbox 3 through universal drive shafts.

[0032] In this embodiment, the suspension frame 1 and the fixed plate 24 are welded together. The leveling shovel 12 is made of manganese steel and has a semi-circular shape on the outside and a cut-out design at the bottom, so that it can shovel soil during the movement.

[0033] Specifically, the traction equipment drives the suspension frame 1 and the whole machine to move, and the corner mechanism adjusts the angle of the machine platform 2 and locks it; the gearbox 3 drives the rotating drum 15 to break up the lumps, and the leveling shovel 12 scrapes the mixture; the lateral movement mechanism moves the soil adjusting mechanism to collect materials and fill the pits and depressions, thus completing the leveling of the tunnel ground.

[0034] The corner mechanism includes stabilizing frames 23 symmetrically mounted on the upper surface of the fixed disk 24. A support base 4 is connected above the two sets of stabilizing frames 23. A first motor 5 is fixedly mounted above the support base 4. A rotating shaft 27 is fixedly mounted at the output end of the first motor 5. A meshing mechanism is provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft 27. The meshing mechanism includes a reinforcing shaft 26 fixedly mounted at the lower end of the rotating shaft 27. The reinforcing shaft 26 extends to the lower part of the fixed disk 24 and is connected to a toothed disk 25 at its end.

[0035] In this embodiment, driven by the first motor 5, the rotating shaft 27 and the reinforcing shaft 26 can drive the lower machine platform 2 and the gear plate 25 to rotate, so that the machine platform 2 can rotate to the working angle to complete the leveling work in some special areas.

[0036] Hydraulic rods 6 are fixedly installed inside both sets of stabilizers 23. The telescopic ends of the two sets of hydraulic rods 6 are connected to a mounting plate 29. A toothed plate 28 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the mounting plate 29.

[0037] In this embodiment, after the machine base 2 adjusts the angle, the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 6 extends, pushing the mounting plate 29 to move towards the toothed disc 25. The mounting plate 29 drives the tooth clamping plate 28 to mesh with the toothed disc 25, and the toothed disc 25 is restricted from rotating by the tooth surface friction, thereby achieving angle locking. When the angle needs to be adjusted, the hydraulic rod 6 retracts, and the tooth clamping plate 28 disengages from the toothed disc 25.

[0038] The transverse mechanism includes a second motor 11 fixedly installed on the outer wall of one end of the rectangular frame 8. A screw 22 is fixedly installed at the output end of the second motor 11. The screw 22 is rotatably installed inside the rectangular frame 8. The screw 22 is threadedly engaged with the slide block 20, and the slide block 20 slides and fits against the inside of the rectangular frame 8.

[0039] In this embodiment, one end of the screw 22 is rotatably connected to the inside of the arc-shaped shell 14 through an added bearing. The slide 20 has a threaded hole adapted to the screw 22. When the two sides slide against the inner wall of the rectangular frame 8, the second motor 11 drives the screw 22 to rotate, and the slide 20 will move laterally inside the rectangular frame 8, thereby driving the soil adjusting mechanism to move synchronously, adapting to the soil filling needs of different potholes during the journey.

[0040] The soil adjusting mechanism includes a soil adjusting pipe 9 fixedly installed below the slide block 20. A soil inlet 21 is provided on the circumferential side wall of the soil adjusting pipe 9 near the rectangular frame 8. A screw conveyor 30 is installed inside the soil adjusting pipe 9. One end of the drive shaft of the screw conveyor 30 extends to the outside of the soil adjusting pipe 9 and is connected to the output shaft of the third motor 31 through a coupling. The third motor 31 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the end of the soil adjusting pipe 9. A soil outlet cylinder 13 is connected to the bottom of the end of the soil adjusting pipe 9 away from the rectangular frame 8.

[0041] In this embodiment, the soil inlet 21 can collect the soil after it has been broken up by the rotating drum 15, and then the third motor 31 drives the spiral conveyor 30 to transport the soil to the outlet drum 13 to complete the soil replenishment.

[0042] The rectangular frame 8 has a groove 19 at the front end to accommodate the sliding of the soil adjusting pipe 9. An inclined plate 32 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the arc-shaped shell 14 near the front end of the rectangular frame 8. An inclined support plate 18 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the arc-shaped shell 14 near the lower part of the inclined plate 32. Crushing discs 16 are installed at equal intervals along the circumference on the outer surface of the rotating cylinder 15. A positioning wheel 17 is installed on the lower part of the outer wall of the soil adjusting pipe 9. The positioning wheel 17 rolls on the outer surface of the inclined support plate 18.

[0043] In this embodiment, the chute 19 restricts the lateral movement trajectory of the soil adjusting pipe 9 to prevent deviation;

[0044] The diagonal brace 18 provides a support surface for the positioning wheel 17, reducing the shaking of the soil adjusting pipe 9 caused by uneven ground;

[0045] When the sliding block 20 drives the soil adjusting pipe 9 to move laterally, the upper end of the soil adjusting pipe 9 slides along the inside of the sliding groove 19 to ensure that the movement trajectory is straight; at the same time, the positioning wheel 17 below the soil adjusting pipe 9 rolls on the surface of the inclined support plate 18 to provide vertical support for the soil adjusting pipe 9 and prevent the soil adjusting pipe 9 from sinking due to its own weight or ground protrusion.

[0046] Driven by the gearbox 3, the universal drive shaft drives the rotating drum 15 to rotate at high speed. The rotating drum 15 can drive the external crushing disc 16 to rotate synchronously, which is used to crush hard lumps.

[0047] It should be noted that gearbox 3 is connected to the engine drive shaft of the traction equipment to provide power, and the electrical components on this device are connected to the traction equipment's own backup power supply.

[0048] Working principle: The suspension frame 1 is connected to the tunnel construction traction equipment. The first motor 5 on the fixed plate 24 is started, and its output shaft drives the rotating shaft 27 to rotate, thereby the reinforcing shaft 26 rotates synchronously, which in turn drives the end gear plate 25 to rotate. The gear plate 25 drives the machine platform 2 to rotate, thereby adjusting the working direction of the leveling shovel 12 and the rotating drum 15. After the machine platform 2 adjusts the angle, the two sets of hydraulic rods 6 inside the stabilizer 23 are started. The hydraulic rods 6 will drive the mounting plate 29 to move to one side of the gear plate 25 through the telescopic end, so that the locking plate 28 at the lower end of the mounting plate 29 engages with the gear plate 25, locking the position of the gear plate 25, preventing the machine platform 2 from shifting during operation, and ensuring angle stability.

[0049] During the movement, the leveling shovel 12 pushes and scrapes the soil at the same level at the rear end. Excess soil pushed forward is driven by the gearbox 3, which in turn drives the universal joint drive shaft and the rotating drum 15. Multiple sets of crushing blades 16 on the outer surface of the rotating drum 15 contact the clumps, breaking them up through impact and shearing. The arc-shaped shell 14 guides the broken soil into the rectangular frame 8 above the rotating drum 15. The second motor 11 at one end of the rectangular frame 8 is activated, and its output drives the internal screw 22 to rotate. The screw 22 is threaded into the slide block 20, and the slide block 20 slides against the inside of the rectangular frame 8. The rotation of the screw 22 is converted into lateral movement of the slide block 20, which in turn drives the downward... The square soil adjusting pipe 9 slides along the groove 19 of the rectangular frame 8. When it moves above the pit area, the third motor 31 at the end of the soil adjusting pipe 9 is started. Its output end drives the spiral conveyor 30 inside the soil adjusting pipe 9 to rotate. Then, the broken soil is collected through the soil inlet 21 of the soil adjusting pipe 9. The material is then conveyed along the inside of the soil adjusting pipe 9 to the end away from the rectangular frame 8 by the spiral conveyor 30. The soil is discharged in a direction through the soil outlet cylinder 13 at one end of the soil adjusting pipe 9 and falls into the pit area below to complete the filling. During the movement of the soil adjusting pipe 9, the positioning wheel 17 on the lower part of the outer wall rolls on the surface of the inclined support plate 18 to provide stable support for the soil adjusting pipe 9 and prevent the soil adjusting pipe 9 from deviating due to uneven ground.

[0050] As a result, when leveling the ground inside the tunnel, it can complete the integrated work of leveling and filling soil, improving the flatness of the tunnel surface and the efficiency of the operation, and adapting to the complex tunnel scenario.

[0051] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A grader for tunnel construction, comprising a suspension frame (1), a machine platform (2), a gearbox (3), a fixed plate (24), and a screw conveyor (30), characterized in that: The rear end of the suspension frame (1) is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (24). A corner mechanism is provided above the fixed plate (24). The lower end of the corner mechanism is connected to the machine base (2). A fixed baffle (10) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the front end of the machine base (2). The gearbox (3) is fixedly installed in the middle of the outer wall of the fixed baffle (10). A leveling shovel (12) is fixedly installed below the outer wall of the fixed baffle (10). Connecting seats (7) are symmetrically installed at both ends of the outer wall of the fixed baffle (10). Two sets of connecting seats (7) are installed at the same end. A rectangular frame (8) is installed below the receiving seat (7). The rectangular frame (8) is connected to a slide (20) through an internal transverse mechanism. A soil adjusting mechanism is provided below the slide (20). An arc-shaped shell (14) is fixedly installed below the rectangular frame (8). A rectangular groove adapted to the sliding of the slide (20) is opened on the upper part of the arc-shaped shell (14). A rotating cylinder (15) is rotatably installed inside the arc-shaped shell (14). The shafts of the rotating cylinders (15) at both ends are connected to the output end of the gearbox (3) through a universal drive shaft.

2. A grader for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cornering mechanism includes stabilizing frames (23) symmetrically mounted on the upper surface of the fixed disk (24). A support base (4) is connected above both sets of stabilizing frames (23). A first motor (5) is fixedly mounted above the support base (4). A rotating shaft (27) is fixedly mounted at the output end of the first motor (5). A meshing mechanism is provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft (27).

3. A grader for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The meshing mechanism includes a reinforcing shaft (26) fixedly mounted on the lower end of the rotating shaft (27), the reinforcing shaft (26) extending below the fixed disk (24) and having a toothed disk (25) connected to its end.

4. A grader for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: Hydraulic rods (6) are fixedly installed inside both sets of stabilizers (23). An installation plate (29) is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic ends of the two sets of hydraulic rods (6). A toothed plate (28) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the installation plate (29).

5. A grader for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse mechanism includes a second motor (11) fixedly installed on the outer wall of one end of the rectangular frame (8). A screw (22) is fixedly installed at the output end of the second motor (11). The screw (22) is rotatably installed inside the rectangular frame (8). The screw (22) is threadedly engaged with the slide (20), and the slide (20) slides against the inside of the rectangular frame (8).

6. A grader for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil adjusting mechanism includes a soil adjusting pipe (9) fixedly installed below the slide (20). The soil adjusting pipe (9) has a soil inlet (21) on the circumferential side wall near the rectangular frame (8). A spiral conveyor (30) is installed inside the soil adjusting pipe (9). One end of the drive shaft of the spiral conveyor (30) extends to the outside of the soil adjusting pipe (9) and is connected to the output shaft of the third motor (31) through a coupling. The third motor (31) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the end of the soil adjusting pipe (9). A soil discharge cylinder (13) is connected to the bottom of the end of the soil adjusting pipe (9) away from the rectangular frame (8).

7. A grader for tunnel construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rectangular frame (8) has a sliding groove (19) at the front end to accommodate the sliding of the soil adjusting pipe (9). An inclined plate (32) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the arc-shaped shell (14) near the front end of the rectangular frame (8). An inclined support plate (18) is fixedly installed on the lower part of the outer wall of the arc-shaped shell (14) near the inclined plate (32).

8. A grader for tunnel construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: Crushing discs (16) are installed at equal intervals along the circumference on the outer surface of the rotating drum (15), and a positioning wheel (17) is installed below the outer wall of the soil adjusting pipe (9). The positioning wheel (17) rolls on the outer surface of the inclined support plate (18).

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