Dust collection device and control system thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a dust collection device and a control system thereof, and belongs to the technical field of air purification. Comprising a dust removal box, a fan assembly, a high-efficiency filter, a back flushing assembly and an electric control device, a negative pressure air opening is formed in the dust removal box, a filter drum assembly is arranged in the dust removal box, and dust-containing air entering from the negative pressure air opening is filtered through the filter drum assembly; the fan assembly and the high-efficiency filter are both arranged in the dust removal box, gas exhausted by the filter cartridge assembly enters the fan assembly and then enters the high-efficiency filter to be filtered after being exhausted from an air outlet of the fan assembly, and a heat dissipation assembly is further arranged in the dust removal box; the reverse blowing assembly is arranged in the dust removal box, an air inlet of the reverse blowing assembly is communicated with a positive pressure air opening formed in the dust removal box, and the reverse blowing assembly is used for cleaning dust adsorbed on the surface of the filter cartridge assembly; and the electric control device is electrically connected with the fan assembly. Negative pressure is mainly used, positive pressure can also be used according to needs, circulation is achieved, the pressure and temperature of a workshop cannot be affected, and energy consumption of a factory is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air purification technology, and in particular to a dust collection device and its control system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of industries such as lithium batteries, thin films, and copper foil, the dust generated during processing poses a great threat to human health and affects the pass rate of materials. As a result, dust removal units are being used more and more widely to reduce dust pollution, protect human health, and improve the pass rate of materials.

[0003] The existing dust removal unit is designed as a dust collector, which draws dust-laden air into each compartment's ash hopper from the air inlet of the equipment. Under the guidance of the ash hopper's flow guiding device, large dust particles are separated and fall directly into the ash hopper, while finer dust particles enter the middle chamber evenly and are adsorbed on the outer surface of the filter bags. Clean gas passes through the filter bags into the upper chamber and is discharged into the atmosphere through each offline valve and exhaust pipe.

[0004] The existing technology has the following problems: 1. Most existing dust collectors are medium-pressure fans. They only utilize the negative pressure and high flow rate of the fan to achieve a pure suction effect. After filtration, the gas is discharged into the workshop, which can easily affect the pressure environment of the workshop. In addition, the temperature of the filtered gas will rise, and its discharge into the workshop will cause the workshop temperature to rise and become unbalanced, which is not conducive to production.

[0005] 2. The existing dust collection unit cannot monitor the status of its internal components in real time. If any abnormality occurs, it cannot provide timely feedback, which will affect production. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a dust collection device and its control system to solve at least one of the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention discloses a dust collection device, comprising: A dust collector is provided with a negative pressure air outlet and a filter cartridge assembly is provided inside the dust collector. The dust-laden air entering through the negative pressure air outlet is filtered by the filter cartridge assembly. The fan assembly and the high-efficiency filter are both installed inside the dust collection box. The gas discharged from the filter cartridge assembly enters the fan assembly, and then exits from the air outlet of the fan assembly before entering the high-efficiency filter for filtration. The dust collection box is also equipped with a heat dissipation component. A back-flushing assembly is installed inside the dust collector. The air inlet of the back-flushing assembly is connected to a positive pressure air outlet installed on the dust collector. The back-flushing assembly is used to clean the dust adsorbed on the surface of the filter cartridge assembly. An electrical control device, which is electrically connected to the fan assembly.

[0008] Preferred options also include: A damper assembly, which is used to connect the filter cartridge assembly and the air inlet of the fan assembly; An anemometer, which monitors the wind speed and flow rate data at the negative pressure end of the fan; The air valve assembly and the anemometer are respectively electrically connected to the electronic control device; The air valve assembly includes a connecting pipe that connects the filter cartridge assembly and the air inlet of the fan assembly, and a pressure regulating valve is installed on the connecting pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the ash bucket assembly is located below the filter cartridge assembly and is used to collect the dust separated by the filter cartridge assembly.

[0010] Preferably, the heat dissipation component is located in the chamber where the fan component is located inside the dust removal box.

[0011] Preferably, the electronic control device is also communicatively connected to a remote control terminal.

[0012] Preferably, the positive pressure air outlet is connected to a gas tank, and the gas pressure inside the gas tank is not lower than 0.2 MPa.

[0013] Preferred options also include: The operating condition acquisition module includes a dust detection unit and an environmental detection unit. The dust detection unit is used to detect the dust concentration and dust particle size in the dusty air in the environment; the environmental detection unit is used to detect the ambient temperature and ambient humidity. Operating condition calculation module: Used to determine the current operating condition coefficient based on the current acquisition results of the operating condition acquisition module.

[0014] Preferably, the operating condition calculation module is based on the following formula: ; Where G is the current operating condition coefficient; , , , These are the weights for dust concentration, dust particle size, ambient temperature, and ambient humidity, respectively. + + + =1; This represents the current dust concentration in the dusty air. The maximum dust concentration is designed for the dust collection device; This represents the average particle size of dust particles in the currently detected dusty air. The maximum dust particle size is designed for the dust collection device; , These are the reference temperature and reference humidity, respectively. H and H represent the current ambient temperature and humidity, respectively. , These are the maximum permissible ambient temperature and the maximum permissible ambient humidity of the dust collection device, respectively.

[0015] Preferably, the negative pressure preliminary determination module: based on the built-in mapping table of working condition coefficient range calibrated under standard conditions - first negative pressure range, outputs the first negative pressure range corresponding to the current working condition coefficient; Storage module: Stores dynamically updated negative pressure control parameters of the fan assembly - fitting curve of negative pressure value in the negative pressure chamber of the fan assembly; Acquisition module: used to calculate the real-time loss coefficient from the negative pressure air outlet to the air inlet of the fan assembly. The real-time loss coefficient is dynamically synthesized from the following components: pressure loss coefficient, pressure loss coefficient change rate, flow rate loss coefficient, flow rate loss coefficient change rate, and operating condition attenuation coefficient. Operating condition attenuation coefficient: calculated based on the cumulative operating time and efficiency of the wind turbine components; Alarm module: Triggers an alarm when the real-time loss coefficient exceeds a preset value; Correction module: Dynamically corrects the first negative pressure range corresponding to the current operating condition coefficient based on the real-time loss coefficient, to obtain the target negative pressure range corresponding to the current operating condition coefficient; Control module: Obtains the corresponding control parameters of the target negative pressure range in the fitting curve, and controls the negative pressure fan component based on the corresponding control parameters of the target negative pressure range in the fitting curve.

[0016] Preferably, the formula for calculating the pressure loss coefficient is: ; in, This is the current pressure loss coefficient; The standard pressure loss coefficient from the negative pressure air outlet to the air inlet of the fan assembly; This is the difference between the current air velocity at the inlet side of the filter cartridge assembly and the current air velocity at the outlet side of the filter cartridge assembly. for The corresponding standard value; This is the difference between the current air pressure at the inlet side of the filter cartridge assembly and the current air pressure at the outlet side of the filter cartridge assembly. for The corresponding standard value; This is a correction factor for the pressure loss coefficient corresponding to the velocity difference; This is a correction factor for the pressure loss coefficient corresponding to the pressure difference; This is the current flow rate loss coefficient; ; in, The attenuation coefficient under current operating conditions; The average operating efficiency of the wind turbine components obtained within the most recent preset time period; t represents the rated operating time of the wind turbine assembly; t represents the current operating time of the wind turbine assembly. ; Where W is the real-time loss coefficient; , , , , These are the weights corresponding to the pressure loss coefficient, the rate of change of the pressure loss coefficient, the velocity loss coefficient, the rate of change of the velocity loss coefficient, and the operating condition attenuation coefficient, respectively. This represents the current rate of change of the pressure loss coefficient; The rate of change of the velocity loss coefficient; Unit of time.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Adopting a new structural method, it mainly uses negative pressure, but positive pressure can also be used as needed to achieve circulation, which will not affect the pressure and temperature of the workshop and reduce the factory's energy consumption.

[0018] 2. It can monitor the real-time dynamic data of each component inside the dust collection device (automatically detect the pressure difference and temperature setting of the negative pressure filter cartridge). If an abnormality occurs, it will issue an alarm and simultaneously upload it to the main equipment for the customer to handle in a timely manner.

[0019] 3. Automatic offline filter cleaning.

[0020] 4. The self-circulation design will not affect the airflow balance in the workshop or cause the workshop temperature to rise.

[0021] 5. Dust will not leak out and cause secondary pollution.

[0022] 6. Reduce factory energy consumption.

[0023] 7. Monitor equipment information intelligently and upload it to the main equipment in a timely manner. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Dust collection box; 2. Negative pressure air outlet; 3. Filter cartridge assembly; 4. Fan assembly; 5. High-efficiency filter; 6. Heat dissipation assembly; 7. Backflushing assembly; 8. Electrical control device; 9. Air valve assembly; 10. Ash bin assembly; 11. Positive pressure air outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0028] Example 1: A dust collection device provided in this embodiment of the invention, such as... Figures 1-2 As shown, it includes: Dust collection box 1, a negative pressure air outlet 2 is provided on the dust collection box 1, and a filter cartridge assembly 3 is provided inside the dust collection box 1. The dust-laden air entering through the negative pressure air outlet 2 is filtered through the filter cartridge assembly 3. The fan assembly 4 and the high-efficiency filter 5 are both installed in the dust collection box 1. The gas discharged from the filter cartridge assembly 3 enters the fan assembly 4, and then exits from the air outlet of the fan assembly 4 before entering the high-efficiency filter 5 for filtration. The dust collection box 1 is also equipped with a heat dissipation assembly 6. Back-blowing component 7 is installed inside the dust collection box 1. The air inlet of the back-blowing component 7 is connected to the positive pressure air outlet 11 installed on the dust collection box 1. The back-blowing component 7 is used to clean the dust adsorbed on the surface of the filter cartridge assembly 3. The electrical control device 8 is electrically connected to the fan assembly 4.

[0029] This also includes: Air valve assembly 9, which is used to connect the air inlet of the filter cartridge assembly 3 and the air inlet of the fan assembly 4; An anemometer, which monitors the wind speed and flow rate data at the negative pressure end of the fan; The air valve assembly 9 and the anemometer are respectively electrically connected to the electrical control device 8; The air valve assembly 9 includes a connecting pipe that connects the filter cartridge assembly 3 and the air inlet of the fan assembly 4, and a pressure regulating valve is installed on the connecting pipe.

[0030] It also includes: a dust bin assembly 10, which is disposed below the filter cartridge assembly 3 and is used to collect the dust separated by the filter cartridge assembly 3.

[0031] The heat dissipation component 6 is located in the chamber where the fan component 4 is located inside the dust removal box 1.

[0032] The electronic control device 8 is also connected to a remote control terminal.

[0033] The positive pressure air vent 11 is connected to a gas tank, and the gas pressure inside the gas tank is not lower than 0.2 MPa.

[0034] Functions of the device of the present invention: 1. Provide high negative pressure flow to the dust collector head.

[0035] 2. The dust from the material is drawn away by the negative pressure chamber of the filter.

[0036] 3. Equipped with primary and secondary filtration devices (filter cartridge assembly 3, high-efficiency filter 5) to improve dust filtration accuracy.

[0037] The device of the present invention also has the following functions: Data acquisition function Filter cartridge pressure differential: Replacement is required when a certain value is reached; Filter cartridge temperature: Set a value; the machine will stop if the value is exceeded. Default setting. High-efficiency differential pressure: Replacement is required once the value is reached; High-efficiency temperature: The machine will shut down at a certain value; Gas cylinder pressure: The pressure should not be lower than 0.2 MPa. Motor temperature: If too high, the machine will shut down. Negative and positive pressure can be utilized as needed to achieve airflow circulation and reduce power consumption.

[0038] Automatic offline filter cleaning; Intelligent monitoring of equipment information and timely uploading to the main equipment; The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: Dust-laden air (such as air) first passes through the filter cartridge assembly 3 to filter dust, then enters the air intake of the fan assembly 4. After being pressurized by the impeller of the fan assembly 4, it is discharged from the air outlet of the fan, and then passes through the high-efficiency filter 5 for secondary purification before being discharged. The high-efficiency filter 5 ensures that no particles larger than 0.3 µm are discharged into the workshop from the discharged air. A pressure regulating valve can be configured at the negative pressure interface of the fan to adjust the flow distribution of the dust collection head (negative pressure air outlet 2) to achieve the best dust removal effect. The dust collector can be connected to a remote control and is equipped with an anemometer, which is installed at the negative pressure connection point of the dust collector to display the wind speed, flow rate, motor temperature, etc. at the negative pressure end of the fan.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: 1. Adopting a new structural design, it primarily uses negative pressure, but positive pressure can also be utilized as needed to achieve circulation. This will not affect the pressure and temperature of the workshop and will reduce the factory's energy consumption.

[0040] 2. It can monitor the real-time dynamic data of each component inside the dust collection device (automatically detect the pressure difference and temperature setting of the negative pressure filter cartridge). If an abnormality occurs, it will issue an alarm and simultaneously upload it to the main equipment for the customer to handle in a timely manner.

[0041] 3. Automatic offline filter cleaning.

[0042] 4. The self-circulation design will not affect the airflow balance in the workshop or cause the workshop temperature to rise.

[0043] 5. Dust will not leak out and cause secondary pollution.

[0044] 6. Reduce factory energy consumption.

[0045] 7. Monitor equipment information intelligently and upload it to the main equipment in a timely manner.

[0046] Example 2, based on Example 1, provides a control system applied to the aforementioned dust collection device, further comprising: The operating condition acquisition module includes a dust detection unit and an environmental detection unit. The dust detection unit is used to detect the dust concentration and dust particle size in the dusty air in the environment; the environmental detection unit is used to detect the ambient temperature and ambient humidity. Operating condition calculation module: used to determine the current operating condition state coefficient based on the current acquisition results of the operating condition acquisition module, and the electrical control device 8 controls the operation of the fan assembly 4 based on the current operating condition state coefficient.

[0047] The operating condition calculation module is based on the following formula: ; Where G is the current operating condition coefficient; , , , These are the weights for dust concentration, dust particle size, ambient temperature, and ambient humidity, respectively. + + + =1; This represents the current dust concentration in the dusty air. The maximum dust concentration is designed for the dust collection device; This represents the average particle size of dust particles in the currently detected dusty air. The maximum dust particle size is designed for the dust collection device; , These are the reference temperature and reference humidity, respectively. H and H represent the current ambient temperature and humidity, respectively. , These are the maximum permissible ambient temperature and the maximum permissible ambient humidity of the dust collection device, respectively.

[0048] The four discrete parameters of "dust concentration, dust particle size, ambient temperature, and ambient humidity" are normalized into a dimensionless coefficient G (operating condition coefficient). G is used to quantify "the degree of closeness between the current operating condition and the equipment's extreme operating condition". The larger the G, the closer the current operating condition is to the equipment's extreme operating condition. The control strategy is guided by different negative pressure adjustment strategies (corresponding to different negative pressure adjustment amplitudes) based on different G values.

[0049] The G-quantification of "the degree to which the current operating conditions are close to the equipment limits" directly determines the amplitude, rate, and priority of negative pressure adjustment, thereby achieving "precise negative pressure adaptation".

[0050] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: Precise Adaptation to Operating Conditions: An operating condition coefficient G is constructed to normalize and integrate discrete parameters such as dust concentration, particle size, and ambient temperature and humidity. This breaks through the limitations of traditional single-parameter control, freeing negative pressure regulation from reliance on experience. It can precisely match complex and changing operating conditions, transforming negative pressure control from a rough and fuzzy approach to precise adaptation, ensuring stable and efficient operation of the dust removal system, and avoiding inaccurate adjustments caused by misjudgment of a single parameter.

[0051] Intelligent equipment protection: By leveraging the proximity of quantified operating conditions to equipment limits, it proactively detects the risk of equipment overload. Instead of passively waiting for equipment failure and shutdown, it actively triggers protective actions such as warnings and load reduction before operating conditions approach their limits, reducing damage caused by overload, extending equipment lifespan, and improving the system's continuous and stable operation.

[0052] Based on the dynamic adjustment strategy of G, the power consumption of equipment is reasonably reduced under low load conditions to avoid redundant energy consumption; at the same time, based on the operating conditions reflected by G, the operation and maintenance cycle is optimized to avoid blind maintenance. From the aspects of energy consumption control and operation and maintenance planning, the operating cost of the dust removal system is scientifically reduced.

[0053] With G as the core, intelligent switching of control modes is achieved without frequent manual intervention. From initial operating condition identification to automatic adjustment under different modes, and then to predictive maintenance based on operating condition trends, an intelligent control closed loop of "perception-decision-execution-prediction" is constructed, promoting the upgrade of dust removal systems from manual inspection and management to autonomous intelligent operation, and improving operation and maintenance efficiency and intelligence level.

[0054] Example 3, based on Example 2, further includes: Negative pressure preliminary determination module: Based on the built-in mapping table of working condition coefficient range calibrated under standard conditions and first negative pressure range, outputs the first negative pressure range corresponding to the current working condition coefficient. Storage module: Stores dynamically updated negative pressure control parameters of the fan assembly - fitting curve of negative pressure value in the negative pressure chamber of the fan assembly; Acquisition module: used to calculate the real-time loss coefficient from the negative pressure air outlet 2 to the air inlet of the fan assembly 4. The real-time loss coefficient is dynamically synthesized from the following components: pressure loss coefficient, pressure loss coefficient change rate, flow rate loss coefficient, flow rate loss coefficient change rate, and operating condition attenuation coefficient. Operating condition attenuation coefficient: calculated based on the cumulative operating time and efficiency of the wind turbine components; Alarm module: Triggers an alarm when the real-time loss coefficient exceeds a preset value; Correction module: Dynamically corrects the first negative pressure range corresponding to the current operating condition coefficient based on the real-time loss coefficient, to obtain the target negative pressure range corresponding to the current operating condition coefficient; Control module: Obtains the corresponding control parameters of the target negative pressure range in the fitting curve, and controls the negative pressure fan component based on the corresponding control parameters of the target negative pressure range in the fitting curve.

[0055] Preferably, the formula for calculating the pressure loss coefficient is: ; in, This is the current pressure loss coefficient; The standard pressure loss coefficient is the air inlet of the negative pressure air outlet 2 to the air inlet of the fan assembly 4. It is the difference between the current air velocity at the inlet side of the filter cartridge assembly 3 and the current air velocity at the outlet side of the filter cartridge assembly 3; for The corresponding standard value; This is the difference between the current air pressure at the inlet side of filter cartridge assembly 3 and the current air pressure at the outlet side of filter cartridge assembly 3. for The corresponding standard value; This is a correction factor for the pressure loss coefficient corresponding to the velocity difference; This is a correction factor for the pressure loss coefficient corresponding to the pressure difference; This is the current flow rate loss coefficient; ; in, The attenuation coefficient under current operating conditions; The average operating efficiency of wind turbine component 4 obtained within the most recent preset time period (based on historical operating data statistics). t is the rated operating time of wind turbine assembly 4; t is the current operating time of wind turbine assembly 4. ; Where, W is the real-time loss coefficient; , , , , are the weights corresponding to the pressure loss coefficient, the rate of change of the pressure loss coefficient, the flow velocity loss coefficient, the rate of change of the flow velocity loss coefficient, and the operating condition attenuation coefficient respectively; is the current rate of change of the pressure loss coefficient; is the rate of change of the flow velocity loss coefficient; is the unit time. , , , , reflect the influence priorities of "pressure loss, rate of change of pressure loss coefficient, flow velocity loss, rate of change of flow velocity loss coefficient, operating condition attenuation", etc. on the system, and need to be calibrated through orthogonal experiments.

[0056] The first negative pressure range corresponding to the current operating condition state coefficient is ; The median value E of the target negative pressure range = ; is the influence coefficient of the real-time loss coefficient on the median value of the target negative pressure range; reflecting that "the greater the loss, the greater the negative pressure adjustment range", usually 0 < k < 1 (for example, k = 0.2 for conservative control, and k = 0.5 for aggressive control), and it needs to be set in combination with the equipment pressure resistance; The target negative pressure range is ; = ; = .

[0057] The beneficial effects of the above solution are: Integrate the pressure loss coefficient, the rate of change of the pressure loss coefficient, the flow velocity loss coefficient, the rate of change of the flow velocity loss coefficient, and the operating condition attenuation coefficient, accurately capture the influence of flow field disturbance and equipment aging on the negative pressure, avoid control deviation caused by fixed parameters, and make the negative pressure regulation more in line with the actual operation requirements.

[0058] Through the dynamically updated "control parameter - negative pressure value" fitting curve, achieve the efficient matching of control parameters and target negative pressure, without manual intervention, quickly respond to changes in operating conditions, and improve the real-time performance and accuracy of negative pressure control.

[0059] By combining exponential functions with efficiency decay and nonlinear quantification of the entire life cycle of equipment aging, the negative pressure control logic is automatically corrected to ensure that the negative pressure of the fan remains stable and controllable from new machine to the end of its life, thus adapting to the needs of long-term operation.

[0060] The system dynamically corrects the pressure loss coefficient by coupling velocity difference and pressure difference, and handles disturbances of multiple physical quantities in a coordinated manner (such as high dust and variable load scenarios), avoiding misjudgment of a single parameter and improving the system's adaptability in complex industrial environments.

[0061] Real-time monitoring of the loss coefficient trend triggers alarms in the early stages of faults (such as pipeline leaks or initial filter cartridge blockage), allowing time for maintenance and avoiding unplanned downtime, thus ensuring continuous operation of the production line.

[0062] A closed loop of "loss acquisition - negative pressure correction - parameter execution" is constructed to automatically offset external interference (such as airflow fluctuations and load changes), maintain negative pressure stability without manual intervention, and enhance the system's anti-interference capability.

[0063] Dynamically matching negative pressure demand with fan parameters avoids overcompensation energy consumption (such as automatically reducing fan speed under low load), reduces ineffective energy consumption, and can significantly reduce energy costs in the long run.

[0064] The entire process is automated, reducing manual calibration and parameter adaptation work; the anomaly warning and self-compensation mechanism reduces the frequency of fault handling, reducing operation and maintenance investment in terms of manpower and time.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust collection device, characterized in that, include: A dust collector (1) is provided with a negative pressure air outlet (2) and a filter cartridge assembly (3) is provided inside the dust collector (1). The dust-laden air entering through the negative pressure air outlet (2) is filtered by the filter cartridge assembly (3). The fan assembly (4) and the high-efficiency filter (5) are both installed in the dust collection box (1). The gas discharged from the filter cartridge assembly (3) enters the fan assembly (4), and then is discharged from the air outlet of the fan assembly (4) and enters the high-efficiency filter (5) for filtration. The dust collection box (1) is also equipped with a heat dissipation assembly (6). Backflush assembly (7) is installed inside the dust collector (1). The air inlet of the backflush assembly (7) is connected to the positive pressure air outlet (11) installed on the dust collector (1). The backflush assembly (7) is used to clean the dust adsorbed on the surface of the filter cartridge assembly (3). An electrical control device (8) is electrically connected to the fan assembly (4).

2. The dust collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Air valve assembly (9), the air valve assembly (9) is used to connect the filter cartridge assembly (3) and the air inlet of the fan assembly (4); An anemometer, which monitors the wind speed and flow rate data at the negative pressure end of the fan; The air valve assembly (9) and the anemometer are electrically connected to the electrical control device (8); The air valve assembly (9) includes a connecting pipe that connects the filter cartridge assembly (3) and the air inlet of the fan assembly (4), and a pressure regulating valve is provided on the connecting pipe.

3. A dust collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A dust collection bin assembly (10) is provided below the filter cartridge assembly (3) for collecting the dust separated by the filter cartridge assembly (3).

4. A dust collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation component (6) is located in the chamber where the fan component (4) is located inside the dust removal box (1).

5. A dust collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic control device (8) is also connected to a remote control terminal.

6. A dust collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive pressure air vent (11) is connected to a gas tank, and the gas pressure inside the gas tank is not lower than 0.2 MPa.

7. A control system applied to a dust collection device as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Also includes: The operating condition acquisition module includes a dust detection unit and an environmental detection unit. The dust detection unit is used to detect the dust concentration and dust particle size in the dusty air in the environment; the environmental detection unit is used to detect the ambient temperature and ambient humidity. Operating condition calculation module: used to determine the current operating condition state coefficient based on the current acquisition results of the operating condition acquisition module, and the electrical control device (8) controls the operation of the fan assembly (4) based on the current operating condition state coefficient.

8. The control system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The operating condition calculation module is based on the following formula: ； Where G is the current operating condition coefficient; , , , These are the weights for dust concentration, dust particle size, ambient temperature, and ambient humidity, respectively. + + + =1; This represents the current dust concentration in the dusty air. The maximum dust concentration is designed for the dust collection device; This represents the average particle size of dust particles in the currently detected dusty air. The maximum dust particle size is designed for the dust collection device; , These are the reference temperature and reference humidity, respectively. H and H represent the current ambient temperature and humidity, respectively. , These are the maximum permissible ambient temperature and the maximum permissible ambient humidity of the dust collection device, respectively.

9. The control system according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: Negative pressure preliminary determination module: Based on the built-in mapping table of working condition coefficient range calibrated under standard conditions and first negative pressure range, outputs the first negative pressure range corresponding to the current working condition coefficient. Storage module: Stores dynamically updated negative pressure control parameters of the fan assembly - fitting curve of negative pressure value in the negative pressure chamber of the fan assembly; Acquisition module: used to calculate the real-time loss coefficient from the negative pressure air outlet (2) to the air inlet of the fan assembly (4). The real-time loss coefficient is dynamically synthesized from the following components: pressure loss coefficient, pressure loss coefficient change rate, flow rate loss coefficient, flow rate loss coefficient change rate, and operating condition attenuation coefficient. The operating condition attenuation coefficient is calculated based on the cumulative operating time and operating efficiency of the wind turbine components; Alarm module: Triggers an alarm when the real-time loss coefficient exceeds a preset value; Correction module: Dynamically corrects the first negative pressure range corresponding to the current operating condition coefficient based on the real-time loss coefficient, to obtain the target negative pressure range corresponding to the current operating condition coefficient; Control module: Obtains the corresponding control parameters of the target negative pressure range in the fitting curve, and controls the negative pressure fan component based on the corresponding control parameters of the target negative pressure range in the fitting curve.

10. A control system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the pressure loss coefficient is as follows: ； in, This represents the current pressure loss coefficient; The standard pressure loss coefficient is the real-time loss coefficient from the negative pressure air outlet (2) to the air inlet of the fan assembly (4); The difference between the current air velocity at the inlet side of the filter cartridge assembly (3) and the current air velocity at the outlet side of the filter cartridge assembly (3); for The corresponding standard value; The difference between the current air pressure at the inlet side of the filter cartridge assembly (3) and the current air pressure at the outlet side of the filter cartridge assembly (3); for The corresponding standard value; This is a correction factor for the pressure loss coefficient corresponding to the velocity difference; This is a correction factor for the pressure loss coefficient corresponding to the pressure difference; This is the current flow rate loss coefficient; ； in, The attenuation coefficient under current operating conditions; The average operating efficiency of the wind turbine component (4) obtained within the most recent preset time period; t is the rated operating time of the fan assembly (4); t is the current operating time of the fan assembly (4); ； Where W is the real-time loss coefficient; , , , , These are the weights corresponding to the pressure loss coefficient, the rate of change of the pressure loss coefficient, the velocity loss coefficient, the rate of change of the velocity loss coefficient, and the operating condition attenuation coefficient, respectively. This represents the current rate of change of the pressure loss coefficient; The rate of change of the velocity loss coefficient; Unit of time.

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